Blast furnace hearth and hot metal flow rate measuring device therefor

Abstract

The utility model provides a blast furnace hearth and molten iron flow velocity measuring device. The molten iron flow velocity measuring device of blast furnace hearth includes casing, pilot head, energy wave emission head, energy wave receiving head, energy wave emission tube, energy wave receiving tube, energy wave emitter, energy wave emission controller and energy wave detector, the pilot head can be dismantled and installed in the head of casing, and energy wave emission head and energy wave receiving head are contained in the casing inside and are electrically connected with the pilot head, and energy wave emission tube and energy wave receiving tube are located in the casing inside and are respectively dismantled and connected with energy wave emission head and energy wave receiving head, and energy wave emitter can be dismantled and installed in the tail of casing, and the length of casing can be adjusted. The molten iron flow velocity measuring device of the blast furnace hearth can accurately measure the molten iron flow velocity in the blast furnace hearth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular to a blast furnace hearth and its molten iron flow rate measuring device. Background Technology

[0002] The efficient and stable operation of the blast furnace hearth is crucial for blast furnace ironmaking production, directly determining the blast furnace's technical and economic indicators and lifespan. The blast furnace hearth contains molten iron at high temperatures, and its operating conditions are often characterized by high temperature and high pressure. Directly observing the movement of the molten iron inside is virtually impossible; therefore, the blast furnace hearth is often referred to as a "black box" container. If the flow rate of molten iron in the hearth is too low during discharge, it can lead to problems such as a drop in molten iron temperature, localized overheating of the hearth, and reduced production efficiency. Conversely, if the flow rate is too high, it can cause accelerated erosion of refractory materials, insufficient slag-iron separation, and difficulties in production control. Therefore, accurately obtaining the flow rate of molten iron in the hearth and judging its movement state is of great significance for the efficient and stable operation of the hearth.

[0003] Currently, the measurement of molten iron flow velocity within the furnace hearth mainly focuses on three methods: physical simulation, numerical simulation, and empirical judgment. Physical simulation, based on the principle of similarity, constructs a furnace hearth water model under laboratory conditions and uses water model experiments to recreate actual operating conditions, measuring the velocity at a target location. Numerical simulation calculates the molten iron flow velocity within the furnace hearth based on mathematical models (including theoretical calculation models and computational fluid dynamics models), thereby constructing its internal flow field. Empirical judgment estimates the molten iron flow velocity at specific locations within the furnace hearth based on temperature data collected by thermocouples arranged within the refractory material of the furnace hearth, combined with practical field experience. All three methods yield molten iron flow velocity results that deviate somewhat from the actual values. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a blast furnace hearth and a device for measuring the flow rate of molten iron in it, so as to facilitate accurate measurement of the flow rate of molten iron in the blast furnace hearth.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device, comprising a shell, a guide head, an energy wave transmitter, an energy wave receiver, an energy wave transmitter tube, an energy wave receiver tube, an energy wave transmitter, an energy wave transmitter controller, and an energy wave detector, wherein... The guide head is detachably installed at the head of the housing. The energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver are both housed inside the housing and electrically connected to the guide head. The energy wave transmitter tube and the energy wave receiver tube are both located inside the housing and are detachably connected to the energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver head, respectively. The energy wave transmitter is detachably installed at the tail of the housing. The energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver tube are both electrically connected to the energy wave transmitter controller and the energy wave detector, respectively, via signal transmission lines. The length of the housing is adjustable.

[0006] Preferably, the housing includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve fitted around the outside of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are fastened together by fasteners to fix them in place.

[0007] Preferably, a heat insulation pad is nested at the head of the shell, and the heat insulation pad is used to fit in contact with the carbon bricks of the furnace shell.

[0008] Preferably, a sealing gasket is fitted at the tail end of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, both the energy wave emission controller and the energy wave detector are located outside the housing.

[0010] Preferably, the guide head is threadedly connected to the housing.

[0011] Preferably, the energy wave emitting tube is threadedly connected to the energy wave emitting head, and the energy wave receiving tube is threadedly connected to the energy wave receiving head.

[0012] This utility model also proposes a blast furnace hearth, wherein a measuring channel is provided inside the furnace shell of the blast furnace hearth, and a measuring device including the above-mentioned blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device is installed on the measuring channel.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring channel is located between the taphole and the furnace bottom, and the head of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device is in contact with the carbon brick.

[0014] Preferably, the blast furnace hearth further includes a sealing cover plate located at the outlet of the measuring channel to seal the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device. The sealing cover plate is fitted to the sealing gasket of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device, and the end face of the sealing cover plate is fixedly connected to the furnace shell of the blast furnace hearth.

[0015] The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device proposed in this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. By calculating the frequency change of the molten iron flow rate in the hearth after the emitted energy wave conforming to the Doppler effect is reflected by the molten iron in the hearth, the purpose of monitoring the molten iron smelting state in the hearth is realized, and the operation can be adjusted according to different smelting conditions, thereby realizing efficient and long-life smelting in the hearth. 2. The length of the shell is adjustable and can be matched with energy wave emitting tubes and energy wave receiving tubes of different lengths, thereby adapting to blast furnaces of different sizes and improving the versatility of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device; 3. This blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device has the advantages of simple structure and reliable measurement. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA shown; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the blast furnace hearth of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram, 1-shell; 2-guide head; 3-energy wave transmitter; 4-energy wave receiver; 5-energy wave transmitter tube; 6-energy wave receiver tube; 7-energy wave transmitter; 8-signal transmission line; 9-energy wave transmitter controller; 10-energy wave detector; 11-blast furnace hearth shell; 12-cooling wall; 13-ramming material layer; 14-carbon brick; 15-molten iron flow area; 16-sealing cover plate.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] This utility model proposes a device for measuring the flow rate of molten iron in a blast furnace hearth.

[0022] Reference Figures 1 to 3In this preferred embodiment, a blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device includes a shell 1, a guide head 2, an energy wave transmitter 3, an energy wave receiver 4, an energy wave transmitter tube 5, an energy wave receiver tube 6, an energy wave transmitter 7, an energy wave transmitter controller 9, and an energy wave detector 10, wherein... The guide head 2 is detachably installed at the head of the housing 1. The energy wave transmitter head 3 and the energy wave receiver head 4 are both housed inside the housing 1 and electrically connected to the guide head 2. The energy wave transmitter tube 5 and the energy wave receiver tube 6 are both located inside the housing 1 and are detachably connected to the energy wave transmitter head 3 and the energy wave receiver head 4, respectively. The energy wave transmitter 7 is detachably installed at the tail of the housing 1. The energy wave transmitter 7 and the energy wave receiver tube 6 are both electrically connected to the energy wave transmitter controller 9 and the energy wave detector 10, respectively, through the signal transmission line 8. The length of the housing 1 is adjustable.

[0023] Because the working conditions in the steel metallurgical process are generally complex, often accompanied by high temperature and high pressure, the energy wave transmitting tube 5 and the energy wave receiving tube 6 can protect the stability of signal transmission. The energy wave transmitting head 3 and the energy wave receiving head 4 mainly play the role of transmitting and receiving signals. After transmitting and receiving signals, they are transmitted through the energy wave transmitting tube 5 and the energy wave receiving tube 6 to cooperate with the furnace hearth sidewall, which has a furnace shell carbon brick 14 and refractory materials, etc.

[0024] The seeker head 2 has the following functions: First, the energy wave transmitter head 3 cannot transmit energy waves independently; seeker head 2 and energy wave transmitter head 3 are an integrated device for transmitting energy waves. Second, when the energy wave receiver head 4 receives the wave signal, seeker head 2 needs to process the wave, converting the wave information into a transmittable signal for transmission. Third, seeker head 2 has anti-interference capabilities. When the receiver head receives reflected waves, due to complex operating conditions, there may be clutter; seeker head 2 can filter out this clutter.

[0025] In this embodiment, the energy wave is an ultrasonic wave, electromagnetic wave, or other energy wave conforming to the Doppler effect. The principle employed by this device utilizes the Doppler effect of waves. When molten iron moves towards the wave source in the furnace, the wavelength of the reflected wave is compressed, thus increasing its frequency. When the molten iron moves away from the wave source, the wavelength of the reflected wave becomes longer, thus decreasing its frequency. The amount of increase or decrease in the frequency of the reflected wave is proportional to the flow velocity of the molten iron, thereby allowing the determination of the molten iron flow rate based on the frequency shift of the energy wave.

[0026] This embodiment proposes a specific structure for the shell 1: the shell 1 includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve fitted around the outside of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve and outer sleeve are fastened together with fasteners to fix them in place. Both the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are provided with multiple adjustment holes, and the length of the shell 1 is adjusted by passing fasteners through different adjustment holes, thereby adapting to blast furnace hearths of different sizes. In other embodiments, the shell 1 may also adopt other structures to achieve its adjustable length; this invention does not limit this approach.

[0027] Furthermore, a heat insulation pad (not shown in the figure) is nested at the head of the shell 1. The heat insulation pad is used to fit against the carbon bricks of the furnace shell 11 of the blast furnace hearth. By setting the heat insulation pad, the guide head 2, energy wave transmitter 3, and energy wave receiver 4 are protected from scalding, preventing the heat from the carbon bricks from affecting the energy wave transmitter 3 and energy wave receiver 4. The heat insulation pad has a circular ring structure and is hollow to allow the energy wave transmitter 3 and energy wave receiver 4 to emit energy waves.

[0028] Furthermore, a sealing gasket (not shown in the figure) is fitted over the tail of housing 1. The sealing gasket seals the tail of housing 1, thereby effectively preventing on-site noise from interfering with the frequency received by energy wave receiver 4, thus affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0029] Both the energy wave transmitting controller 9 and the energy wave detector 10 are located outside the housing 1. The guide head 2 is threadedly connected to the housing 1. In this embodiment, the energy wave transmitting tube 5 is threadedly connected to the energy wave transmitting head 3, and the energy wave receiving tube 6 is threadedly connected to the energy wave receiving head 4. The threaded connection has the advantage of being simple and convenient to install and disassemble.

[0030] The working process of this molten iron flow velocity measuring device is as follows.

[0031] Step 1: Set a measuring channel in the furnace shell 11 of the blast furnace hearth, which can directly reach the carbon brick 14. The measuring channel is located between the taphole and the furnace bottom. The size of the measuring channel should ensure that the measuring device can be inserted into the measuring channel and that the front end of the guide head 2 directly reaches the carbon brick 14. Connect the energy wave transmitter 7, energy wave transmitter controller 9, energy wave receiver tube 6, and energy wave detector 10 using the signal transmission line 8. After the pre-test confirms that the signal is unobstructed, cover and fix the sealing cover plate 16.

[0032] Step 2: Measure the flow rate of molten iron inside the hearth while it is smelting or discharging molten iron; set the required frequency of the energy wave emitted by the energy wave transmitter 7 using the energy wave transmitter controller 9. The propagation speed of this energy wave in carbon brick 14 The angle between the incident direction and the direction of molten iron flow The energy wave is transmitted from the energy wave emitting tube 5 to the energy wave emitting head 3, which then emits the energy wave. The energy wave propagates through the carbon brick 14 into the molten iron flow area 15. Upon encountering the flowing molten iron in the molten iron flow area 15, the energy wave bounces back. The energy wave receiving head 4 receives the bounced energy wave and feeds back the frequency change signal of the bounced energy wave to the energy wave detector 10 through the energy wave receiving tube 6 and the signal transmission line 8. The frequency change of the energy wave, i.e., the Doppler frequency shift, is... ; Step 3: Set the required frequency of the energy wave to be emitted by the energy wave transmitter 7 according to the energy wave transmitter controller 9. The propagation speed of this energy wave in carbon brick 14 The angle between the incident direction and the direction of molten iron flow Frequency shift measured by energy wave detector 10 The flow velocity of molten iron inside the hearth is calculated using the following formula: ; In the formula, The propagation speed of the energy wave within the carbon brick 14; The frequency of the emitted energy wave; The angle between the incident direction and the direction of molten iron flow; This is the Doppler frequency shift, the difference in frequency between the transmitted and received energy waves caused by the Doppler effect.

[0033] The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device proposed in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: 1. By calculating the frequency change of the molten iron flow rate in the hearth after the emitted energy wave conforming to the Doppler effect is reflected by the molten iron in the hearth, the purpose of monitoring the molten iron smelting state in the hearth is realized, and the operation can be adjusted according to different smelting conditions, thereby realizing efficient and long-life smelting in the hearth. 2. The length of the shell 1 is adjustable and can be matched with energy wave emitting tubes 5 and energy wave receiving tubes 6 of different lengths to adapt to blast furnaces of different sizes, thereby improving the versatility of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device. 3. This blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device has the advantages of simple structure and reliable measurement.

[0034] This utility model also proposes a blast furnace hearth.

[0035] In this preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 3A blast furnace hearth is disclosed, wherein a measuring channel is provided inside the furnace shell 11, and a blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device is installed on the measuring channel. The specific structure and beneficial effects of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device are as described in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here. Specifically, the measuring channel is located between the taphole and the furnace bottom, and the head of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device abuts against the carbon brick 14.

[0036] Furthermore, the blast furnace hearth also includes a sealing cover plate 16 located at the outlet of the measuring channel to seal the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device. The sealing cover plate 16 is fitted to the sealing gasket of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device, and the end face of the sealing cover plate 16 is fixedly connected to the blast furnace hearth shell 11.

[0037] The following diagram illustrates the installation and measurement process of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device.

[0038] A measuring channel that can directly reach the carbon brick 14 is set in the furnace shell 11. The measuring channel is located 0.5m below the taphole and has a diameter of 70mm. The measuring device can be inserted into the measuring channel and the front end of the guide head 2 can reach the carbon brick 14 directly. The energy wave transmitter 7, energy wave transmitter controller 9, energy wave receiver tube 6, and energy wave detector 10 are connected by the signal transmission line 8. After the signal is confirmed to be unobstructed, the sealing cover plate 16 is covered and fixed.

[0039] One minute after molten iron was discharged from the hearth, the flow velocity of the molten iron inside the hearth was measured. The energy wave transmitter 7 was set to emit a 2MHz ultrasonic wave via the energy wave transmitter controller 9. The propagation speed of this ultrasonic wave in the carbon brick 14 was 2000m / s, and the angle between the incident direction and the direction of the molten iron flow was set to 0°. This ultrasonic wave was transmitted through the energy wave transmitter tube 5 to the energy wave transmitter head 3, which emitted the ultrasonic wave. The wave propagated through the carbon brick 14 into the molten iron flow area 15. Upon encountering the flowing molten iron in the molten iron flow area 15, the ultrasonic wave bounced back. The energy wave receiver head 4 received the bounced ultrasonic wave and fed back the frequency change signal of the bounced ultrasonic wave to the energy wave detector 10 via the energy wave receiver tube 6 and the signal transmission line 8. The Doppler frequency shift was 4.51Hz. Using the above formula, the molten iron flow velocity at this location was calculated to be 2.255 × 10⁻⁶. -3 m / s.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the flow rate of molten iron in a blast furnace hearth, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a seeker head, an energy wave transmitter head, an energy wave receiver head, an energy wave transmitter tube, an energy wave receiver tube, an energy wave transmitter, an energy wave transmitter controller, and an energy wave detector, among which, The guide head is detachably installed at the head of the housing. The energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver are both housed inside the housing and electrically connected to the guide head. The energy wave transmitter tube and the energy wave receiver tube are both located inside the housing and are detachably connected to the energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver head, respectively. The energy wave transmitter is detachably installed at the tail of the housing. The energy wave transmitter and the energy wave receiver tube are both electrically connected to the energy wave transmitter controller and the energy wave detector, respectively, via signal transmission lines. The length of the housing is adjustable.

2. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve fitted around the outside of the inner sleeve. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are fastened together by fasteners to fix them in place.

3. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A heat insulation pad is nested at the head of the shell, and the heat insulation pad is used to fit in contact with the carbon bricks of the furnace shell.

4. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tail of the housing is fitted with a sealing gasket.

5. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the energy wave emission controller and the energy wave detector are located outside the housing.

6. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The guide head is threadedly connected to the housing.

7. The blast furnace hearth molten iron flow velocity measuring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy wave emitting tube is threadedly connected to the energy wave emitting head, and the energy wave receiving tube is threadedly connected to the energy wave receiving head.

8. A blast furnace hearth, characterized in that, The blast furnace hearth has a measuring channel inside the furnace shell, and the measuring channel is equipped with a blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The blast furnace hearth as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The measuring channel is located between the taphole and the furnace bottom, and the head of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device is in contact with the carbon brick.

10. The blast furnace hearth as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing cover plate located at the outlet of the measuring channel to seal the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device. The sealing cover plate is fitted to the sealing gasket of the blast furnace hearth molten iron flow rate measuring device, and the end face of the sealing cover plate is fixedly connected to the furnace shell of the blast furnace hearth.

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