Magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity

Abstract

The utility model discloses a magnetron cathode that can improve axial temperature uniformity, which comprises a cathode bottom cylinder, a cathode emitter arranged around the outer circumference of the cathode bottom cylinder, a filament arranged in the cathode bottom cylinder along the axial direction for heating the cathode emitter, and a support rod extending along the axial direction of the cathode bottom cylinder and forming a support for the cathode bottom cylinder. The filament has a helical structure and has structure parameters varying along its axial direction. The structure parameters at least include the filament pitch and / or the filament outer diameter. The structure parameters of the filament on the side close to the support rod are configured to make the heat supply capacity of this side higher than that of the other side away from the support rod. The utility model adjusts the structure parameters of the filament to make the heat supply capacity of the side of the filament close to the support rod higher, significantly improves the axial temperature distribution uniformity of the cathode emitter, and makes the electron emission uniformity, especially along the axial direction, significantly improved. At the same time, the overall aging rate of the cathode material is more gentle, and the overall service life of the cathode and the magnetron is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of magnetron technology, and in particular to a magnetron cathode that can improve axial temperature uniformity. Background Technology

[0002] As an electronic device capable of generating high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the magnetron is widely used in radar, microwave heating, industrial drying, linear accelerators, and other fields. Its performance directly determines the operating efficiency and stability of downstream equipment. Among the core components of the magnetron, the cathode plays a crucial role in electron emission. The electron emission characteristics of the cathode are the core factors affecting the magnetron's output power, frequency stability, and lifespan. Furthermore, the uniformity of the cathode's temperature distribution directly determines the consistency of its electron emission. Therefore, optimizing the cathode temperature distribution is one of the key directions for improving the overall performance of the magnetron.

[0003] Currently, in the field of pulsed magnetrons, especially the MG6090 model, the industry commonly uses an indirect-heated cathode structure to achieve electron emission. A typical structure of this indirect-heated cathode includes: an outer cathode emitter (serving as the main component for electron emission), an inner filament (which provides heating energy to the electron emitter through its own heat generation), and a support rod to support the overall cathode structure. The cathode and support rod are assembled using an axial connection to ensure the positional stability of the cathode within the magnetron.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, in existing technologies, the filament of the heating cathode is typically designed with a uniform diameter and its helical pitch is evenly distributed along the axial direction, forming a "uniform pitch helical filament with uniform diameter". However, the aforementioned existing indirect heating cathode structure has significant drawbacks in practical applications: because the support rod is axially connected to the cathode, and the support rod has a certain thermal conductivity, during the heating process of the filament heat source on the cathode, the cathode heat on the side closer to the support rod will be conducted outward through the support rod, resulting in a significant temperature gradient in the axial direction of the cathode. Specifically, the actual operating temperature of the cathode on the side connected to the support rod is significantly lower than that on the side farther from the support rod. This axial temperature gradient directly causes two major problems: First, the electron emission capacity of different regions of the cathode electron emitter is uneven. The side closer to the support rod has a lower temperature, resulting in reduced electron emission, while the side farther away may overheat due to a higher temperature, thus disrupting the consistency of electron emission. Second, a long-term temperature gradient will accelerate the uneven aging of the cathode material, shorten the cathode's lifespan, and cause fluctuations in magnetron output power and frequency drift, seriously affecting the stable operation of the magnetron and adversely impacting downstream equipment that relies on the stable operation of the magnetron (such as radar systems and precision microwave heating equipment). Therefore, there is an urgent need for an inter-thermal cathode structure that can specifically optimize the axial temperature distribution of the cathode to improve the operational stability and reliability of pulsed magnetrons. Utility Model Content

[0005] The problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a magnetron cathode that can improve the axial temperature uniformity, so as to overcome the defects of existing magnetron cathodes that have poor electron emission consistency and shortened cathode life due to uneven axial temperature.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a magnetron cathode that can improve axial temperature uniformity, including a cathode bottom cylinder, a cathode emitter arranged around the outer circumference of the cathode bottom cylinder, a filament arranged axially inside the cathode bottom cylinder for heating the cathode emitter, and a support rod extending axially along the cathode bottom cylinder and supporting it; the filament has a helical structure and has structural parameters that vary along its axial direction, the structural parameters including at least the filament pitch and / or the filament outer diameter, and the structural parameters of the filament on the side closer to the support rod are configured such that the heat supply capacity on that side is higher than that on the other side farther away from the support rod.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the filament pitch on the side closer to the support rod is more dense than the filament pitch on the side farther from the support rod.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the filament pitch gradually increases from the side closest to the support rod toward the other side.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the filament has an unequal outer diameter structure, with the outer diameter of the filament on the side closer to the support rod being larger than the outer diameter of the filament on the side farther from the support rod.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the outer diameter of the filament gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod toward the other side.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the filament pitch gradually increases from the side closest to the support rod toward the other side, while the filament outer diameter gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod toward the other side.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the filament is made of a spiral wound metal wire of uniform diameter throughout, with its two ends extending in opposite directions along the axis.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the support rod is fixed to one end of the cathode bottom cylinder, and a lead wire rod is passed through the inside of the support rod, with one end of the filament fixedly connected to the lead wire rod; a cathode end cap is fixed to the other end of the cathode bottom cylinder, and the other end of the filament is fixedly connected to the cathode end cap.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the magnetron cathode, which can improve the axial temperature uniformity, also includes a plurality of insulating ceramics, which are respectively disposed between one end of the filament and the cathode bottom cylinder and between the lead rod and the support rod.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, the magnetron cathode, which can improve the axial temperature uniformity, also includes an insulating support ring. The insulating support ring is fixed to the cathode bottom cylinder by fixing rings located on both sides thereon, and the middle part of the filament passes through the insulating support ring.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a magnetron cathode that can improve axial temperature uniformity. By adjusting the filament structural parameters, namely the filament pitch and / or filament outer diameter, the heat supply capacity of the side of the filament closer to the support rod is higher. Therefore, it can compensate for the heat loss due to heat conduction on the side near the support rod, fundamentally eliminating the axial temperature difference between the side with lower temperature near the support rod and the side with higher temperature far from the support rod. This significantly improves the axial temperature distribution uniformity of the cathode emitter, resulting in a significant improvement in electron emission uniformity, especially along the axial direction. At the same time, by eliminating the influence of temperature gradient, this application makes the overall aging rate of the cathode material more gradual, indirectly extending the overall service life of the cathode and magnetron. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A 3D view of an existing magnetron cathode filament; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the magnetron cathode of this utility model, which can improve axial temperature uniformity. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the magnetron cathode that improves axial temperature uniformity according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the filament in Embodiment 1 of the magnetron cathode of this utility model, which improves axial temperature uniformity; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the magnetron cathode that improves axial temperature uniformity according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the filament in Embodiment 2 of the magnetron cathode of this utility model, which can improve axial temperature uniformity.

[0019] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the following explanations are provided: 1. Cathode base; 2. Cathode emitter; 3. Filament; 4. Support rod; 5. Lead rod; 6. Cathode end cap; 7. Insulating porcelain; 8. Insulating support ring; 9. Fixing ring; 10. Cathode end cap. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0023] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this application. The illustrations only show the components related to this application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0024] Additionally, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that practice can be carried out without these specific details.

[0025] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] See Figures 2 to 4 This utility model provides a magnetron cathode that can improve axial temperature uniformity, including a cathode base cylinder 1, a cathode emitter 2, a filament 3, and a support rod 4.

[0028] The cathode base cylinder 1 can be cylindrical, with an internal cavity. The cathode emitter 2, serving as the electron emitting body, is fixedly arranged around the outer circumference of the cathode base cylinder 1. The filament 3 is arranged axially within the cavity of the cathode base cylinder 1 without contacting the inner wall, forming an indirect-heating cathode structure. The filament 3 provides heating energy to the cathode emitter 2 through its own heat generation. A support rod 4 is connected to the cathode base cylinder 1 and extends axially along it, providing support to ensure the positional stability of the cathode within the magnetron.

[0029] As one of the important improvements of this application, the filament 3 has a spiral structure and structural parameters that vary along its axial direction. In this embodiment, the structural parameters include the filament pitch. On the side of the filament 3 closest to the support rod 4, the structural parameters of the filament 3 are configured such that the heat supply capacity on this side is higher than that on the side farther from the support rod 4. Since the heat supply capacity on the side of the filament 3 closest to the support rod 4 is higher, it can compensate for the heat loss due to heat conduction on the side near the support rod 4, fundamentally eliminating the axial temperature difference of "lower temperature near the support rod 4 and higher temperature farther from the support rod 4". This significantly improves the uniformity of the axial temperature distribution of the cathode emitter 2, ensuring the consistency of electron emission conditions, i.e., temperature, in all regions of the cathode emitter 2 along the axial direction. This can significantly improve the uniformity of electron emission, especially along the axial direction, avoiding fluctuations in electron output caused by uneven emission, and providing a core guarantee for the continuous and stable generation of high-frequency electromagnetic waves by the magnetron. At the same time, by eliminating the influence of temperature gradient, this application makes the overall aging rate of the cathode material more gradual, indirectly extending the overall service life of the cathode and the magnetron. Furthermore, since the core innovation of this application only improves the structure of the filament 3, there is no need to design and modify the core components of the existing magnetron cathode, such as the cathode bottom cylinder 1, the cathode emitter 2, and the support rod 4. This facilitates rapid integration into existing production lines, reduces technology transfer costs, and has strong industrial adaptability.

[0030] It is understood that the filament pitch mentioned in this article refers to the axial distance on the pitch diameter between corresponding points of two adjacent turns of filament 3. See Figure 3 and Figure 4The filament pitch on the side of filament 3 closest to support rod 4 is denser than that on the side furthest from support rod 4. This denser pitch increases the number of filament turns per unit length on the side closest to support rod 4, significantly improving local heat density and more efficiently replenishing heat lost due to heat conduction from support rod 4. This results in a more targeted improvement of the temperature gradient. Furthermore, pitch adjustment only requires changing the winding process of filament 3, without needing to change the material or add additional heating components. This low-cost, easily implemented approach balances improvement effectiveness and economy.

[0031] Preferably, the filament 3 has a gradually increasing filament pitch from the side closest to the support rod 4 toward the other side. This gradual pitch allows the heating density of the filament 3 to transition smoothly along the axial direction, avoiding sudden increases / decreases in local temperature caused by abrupt pitch changes. This further optimizes the smoothness of the cathode axial temperature distribution, completely eliminating potential problems of local overheating or underheating. Moreover, the gradual pitch can precisely match the gradient characteristics of "more heat loss near the side and less heat loss far the side" caused by the heat conduction of the support rod 4, so that heat supply and heat loss form a dynamic balance, maximizing the improvement of temperature uniformity and ensuring the continuous stability of electron emission.

[0032] In this invention, the filament 3 is made of a spiral wound metal wire of uniform diameter throughout. The material of the metal wire can be any existing conventional filament raw material. The left and right ends of the filament 3 are bent and extend in opposite directions along the axis, which can directly adapt to the power circuit requirements in the magnetron, that is, one end is connected to the lead rod 5 and the other end is connected to the cathode end cap 6, which simplifies the filament assembly process and improves production efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the support rod 4 is a variable-diameter round rod, with its left end diameter smaller than its right end. The left end of the support rod 4 is fixedly connected to the right end of the cathode bottom cylinder 1, ensuring that the overall structure of the cathode does not shift during the operation of the magnetron. A central hole is provided along the axis of the support rod 4, connecting both its left and right ends. A lead rod 5 passes through the central hole of the support rod 4. The right end of the filament 3 passes through the cathode bottom cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected to the lead rod 5. The filament 3 is connected to the power supply circuit through the lead rod 5. A cathode end cap 6 is fixed to the left end of the cathode bottom cylinder 1. A fixing hole is provided in the center of the cathode end cap 6. The left end of the filament 3 is inserted into the fixing hole of the cathode end cap 6 and welded in place. By inserting the lead rod 5 inside the support rod 4, this application forms a concealed power circuit, avoiding the risk of short circuits caused by the exposed lead rod 5. Simultaneously, the two ends of the filament 3 are connected to the lead rod 5 and the cathode end cap 6 respectively, ensuring a stable current flow through the filament 3 and guaranteeing continuous and uniform heating of the filament 3.

[0034] In addition, the magnetron cathode of this invention, which can improve axial temperature uniformity, also includes multiple insulating ceramics 7, insulating support rings 8, and two cathode end caps 10.

[0035] For ease of understanding, the multiple insulating ceramics 7 are respectively defined as the first insulating ceramic, the second insulating ceramic, and the third insulating ceramic. The first insulating ceramic is a cylinder with an inner hole and an outer flange, positioned between the right end of the filament 3 and the cathode base cylinder 1. The right end of the filament 3 passes through its inner hole, effectively isolating the filament 3 from the cathode base cylinder 1 and preventing current from the filament 3 from being conducted to the cathode base cylinder 1, thus avoiding a short circuit. While isolating, the first insulating ceramic also helps support the right end of the filament 3, preventing positional displacement of the filament 3 due to vibration or heating deformation, ensuring a stable relative distance between the filament 3 and the cathode emitter 2, and indirectly guaranteeing heating efficiency and uniform temperature distribution.

[0036] Furthermore, the second insulating porcelain has a structure roughly similar to the first insulating porcelain, and it is located between the left end of the lead rod 5 and the support rod 4; the third insulating porcelain is cylindrical and is also located between the lead rod 5 and the support rod 4. The second and third insulating porcelain can effectively isolate the lead rod 5 and the support rod 4, preventing the current in the lead rod 5 from being conducted to the support rod 4 and causing leakage, ensuring the insulation of the internal circuit of the magnetron, and preventing magnetron failure or safety hazards caused by short circuits.

[0037] In this embodiment, the insulating support ring 8 is annular and can be made of ceramic. The insulating support ring 8 is fixed to the cathode bottom cylinder 1 by fixing rings 9 located on both sides of it, and the middle part of the filament 3 passes through the insulating support ring 8. The insulating support ring 8 can effectively support the middle part of the filament 3, prevent the filament 3 from shifting position, ensure that the axial structural parameters of the filament 3 always meet the design requirements, and ensure uniform axial temperature distribution.

[0038] Furthermore, two cathode end caps 10 are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the cathode bottom cylinder 1 to shield the electrons emitted by the cathode emitter 2 from scattering to the left and right sides.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the structural parameters of the filament 3 are different.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the structural parameters include the outer diameter of the filament. On the side of the filament 3 closest to the support rod 4, the structural parameters of the filament 3 are configured such that the heat supply capacity on that side is higher than that on the other side furthest from the support rod 4.

[0042] See Figure 5 and Figure 6The filament 3 has an unequal outer diameter structure, with the outer diameter of the filament on the side closer to the support rod 4 being larger than that on the side farther from the support rod 4. By adopting this method of increasing the outer diameter of the filament, the heating surface area of ​​the filament 3 on the side closer to the support rod 4 can be expanded, significantly increasing the heat generation per unit time on that side. At the same time, the filament 3 on the side closer to the support rod 4 is closer to the cathode emitter 2, which can effectively counteract the heat conduction and dissipation of the support rod 4. This eliminates the axial temperature difference of "low temperature on the side closer to the support rod 4 and high temperature on the side farther from the support rod 4" from the root, significantly improving the uniformity of the axial temperature distribution of the cathode emitter 2, and making the electron emission uniformity, especially along the axial direction, significantly improved. At the same time, by eliminating the influence of the temperature gradient, the overall aging rate of the cathode material is made more gradual, indirectly extending the overall service life of the cathode and magnetron.

[0043] Similarly, adjusting the outer diameter of the filament only requires changing the winding process of the filament 3, without changing the material of the filament 3 or adding additional heating components. The processing cost is low and easy to implement, taking into account both the improvement effect and economy.

[0044] Preferably, the outer diameter of the filament 3 gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod 4 toward the other side, making the filament 3 conical in shape. This gradual outer diameter causes the heat generated by the filament 3 to decrease continuously along the axial direction, avoiding sudden increases / decreases in local temperature caused by abrupt changes in the outer diameter of the filament. This further optimizes the smoothness of the axial temperature distribution of the cathode, completely eliminating potential problems of local overheating or underheating. Moreover, the gradual outer diameter of the filament can accurately match the gradient characteristics of "more heat loss near the side and less heat loss far the side" caused by the heat conduction of the support rod 4, so that the heat supply and heat loss form a dynamic balance, maximizing the improvement of temperature uniformity and ensuring the continuous stability of electron emission.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 is that the structural parameters of the filament 3 are different.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the structural parameters include both the filament pitch and the filament outer diameter. The filament pitch of the filament 3 gradually increases from the side closest to the support rod 4 towards the other side, while the filament outer diameter of the filament 3 gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod 4 towards the other side. That is, in this embodiment, the filament 3, based on the gradual increase in filament pitch in Embodiment 1, also combines the gradual decrease in filament outer diameter described in Embodiment 2, forming dual heat compensation. This can cope with the scenario of the support rod 4 having a high thermal conductivity, and the heat compensation effect is far superior to single parameter adjustment, maximizing the improvement of electron emission uniformity and magnetron output stability.

[0048] In the magnetron cathode structure described in this application, the specific pitch density of the filament 3 (including the pitch density near the support rod 4 and the pitch thinning away from the support rod 4) and the outer diameter of the filament (including the increase in outer diameter near the support rod 4 and the decrease in outer diameter away from the support rod 4) can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual product specifications of the magnetron (such as the model, rated power, and operating frequency of the pulse magnetron) and the material properties of the filament 3 (such as the resistivity, thermal conductivity, and high-temperature resistance of the material). The specific parameter values ​​can be determined through simulation analysis and optimization using simulation software to ensure that the adjusted filament 3 can accurately adapt to the working requirements of the corresponding magnetron specification, ultimately achieving the expected design goals for the uniformity of the cathode axial temperature distribution and the stability of electron emission, while also taking into account the structural strength and service life of the filament heat source. This allows the technical solution of this application to be widely adaptable to pulse magnetron application scenarios under different working conditions.

[0049] This application addresses the issue of "axial temperature gradient in the cathode caused by heat conduction from the support rod 4" through three core solutions. The "variable pitch solution" densifies the filament pitch near the support rod 4, increasing the number of heating turns per unit length and enhancing local heat density. The "variable diameter solution" increases the outer diameter of the filament near the support rod 4, expanding the heating surface area and reducing the distance to the cathode emitter 2, thus enhancing heat generation. The "variable pitch + variable diameter combination solution" further strengthens the heat compensation effect through the synergistic effect of densifying the pitch and increasing the outer diameter. These designs precisely compensate for the heat lost due to heat conduction near the support rod 4, fundamentally eliminating axial temperature differences in the cathode and resulting in a significantly more uniform overall temperature distribution in the cathode compared to traditional structures.

[0050] The same or similar parts between the various embodiments in this specification can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0051] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity, comprising a cathode base cylinder (1), a cathode emitter (2) arranged around the outer circumference of the cathode base cylinder (1), a filament (3) arranged axially within the cathode base cylinder (1) for heating the cathode emitter (2), and a support rod (4) extending axially along the cathode base cylinder (1) and supporting it; characterized in that, The filament (3) is a spiral structure and has structural parameters that vary along its axial direction. The structural parameters include at least the filament pitch and / or the filament outer diameter. On the side closer to the support rod (4), the structural parameters of the filament (3) are configured such that the heat supply capacity on that side is higher than that on the other side farther away from the support rod (4).

2. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filament pitch on the side of the filament (3) closer to the support rod (4) is denser than the filament pitch on the other side farther from the support rod (4).

3. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filament (3) pitch gradually increases from the side closest to the support rod (4) toward the other side.

4. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filament (3) has an unequal outer diameter structure, with the outer diameter of the filament on the side closer to the support rod (4) being larger than the outer diameter of the filament on the other side farther from the support rod (4).

5. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the filament (3) gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod (4) toward the other side.

6. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filament (3) pitch gradually increases from the side closest to the support rod (4) toward the other side, while the outer diameter of the filament (3) gradually decreases from the side closest to the support rod (4) toward the other side.

7. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filament (3) is made of a spiral wound metal wire of uniform diameter throughout, with its two ends extending in opposite directions along the axis.

8. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support rod (4) is fixed to one end of the cathode bottom cylinder (1), and a lead rod (5) is inserted inside the support rod (4). One end of the filament (3) is fixedly connected to the lead rod (5). The other end of the cathode bottom cylinder (1) is fixed with a cathode end cap (6), and the other end of the filament (3) is fixedly connected to the cathode end cap (6).

9. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes multiple insulating ceramics (7), which are respectively disposed between one end of the filament (3) and the cathode bottom cylinder (1) and between the lead rod (5) and the support rod (4).

10. The magnetron cathode with improved axial temperature uniformity according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an insulating support ring (8), which is fixed to the cathode bottom cylinder (1) by fixing rings (9) located on both sides thereon, and the middle part of the filament (3) passes through the insulating support ring (8).

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