Solid-state battery cell, solid-state battery, and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to a solid-state battery cell, a solid-state battery and a power utilization device. The solid-state battery cell comprises a plurality of negative electrode sheets, a plurality of positive electrode sheets, a plurality of glue frames and a plurality of solid-state electrolyte layers. The negative electrode sheets and the positive electrode sheets are alternately stacked. A solid-state electrolyte layer is arranged between each adjacent positive electrode sheet and negative electrode sheet. A glue frame is arranged between each adjacent two negative electrode sheets. The glue frame and the adjacent two negative electrode sheets jointly enclose a receiving space. The positive electrode sheet is located in the receiving space. The glue frame has a notch that communicates the receiving space with the outside of the glue frame. The positive electrode tab on the positive electrode sheet passes through the notch to the outside of the glue frame. In this way, the positive electrode sheet is packaged by the glue frame, and the notch on the glue frame is used to pass the positive electrode tab on the positive electrode sheet. This avoids the positive electrode tab from being raised, thereby avoiding the thickness of the side of the battery cell with the positive electrode tab from being increased, and improving the quality of the battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solid-state battery technology, specifically to a solid-state battery cell, a solid-state battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of technology and the increasing demands of people, battery technology is also constantly evolving. Among them, solid-state batteries are a new type of battery technology that uses a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte. Compared with traditional liquid batteries, solid-state batteries have advantages such as higher energy density, faster charging speed, better safety performance, and longer lifespan, and have attracted widespread attention. Solid-state battery cells are generally formed by stacking materials such as negative electrode sheets, solid electrolytes, a frame, and positive electrode sheets. However, because the positive electrode tab needs to pass through the space between two layers of negative electrode sheets, the frame is raised, resulting in an increase in the thickness of the cell on the positive electrode tab side. This thickness increases with the number of stacked sheets, seriously affecting the cell quality. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solid-state battery cell, solid-state battery, and power-consuming device that can avoid the phenomenon of the cell thickness increasing on one side of the positive electrode tab and improve the cell quality of solid-state batteries.

[0004] A solid-state battery cell includes multiple negative electrode plates, multiple positive electrode plates, multiple plastic frames, and multiple solid electrolyte layers. The negative electrode plates and the positive electrode plates are stacked alternately on each other, and the solid electrolyte layer is disposed between each adjacent positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

[0005] A plastic frame is provided between each pair of adjacent negative electrode plates. The plastic frame and the two adjacent negative electrode plates together form a receiving space. The positive electrode plate is located in the receiving space. The plastic frame has a notch that connects the receiving space and the outside of the plastic frame. The positive electrode tab on the positive electrode plate protrudes through the notch to the outside of the plastic frame.

[0006] In some embodiments, each of the solid electrolyte layers is located within the containment space.

[0007] In some embodiments, each of the adhesive frames includes a first sub-adhesive frame and a second sub-adhesive frame stacked together, and the notch is located on the first sub-adhesive frame or the second sub-adhesive frame.

[0008] In some embodiments, the positive electrode tab is covered with an insulating layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, a portion of the insulating layer is located within the notch, and another portion of the insulating layer extends to the outside of the frame.

[0010] In some embodiments, the insulating layer is insulating tape.

[0011] In some embodiments, the negative tab on each of the negative electrode plates and the positive tab on each of the positive electrode plates are located on the same side of the battery cell; or

[0012] The negative tab on each negative electrode plate and the positive tab on each positive electrode plate are located on opposite sides of the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a first protective film and a second protective film, with each negative electrode sheet and each positive electrode sheet stacked between the first protective film and the second protective film.

[0014] A solid-state battery comprising the cell described in any of the above embodiments.

[0015] An electrical device includes a solid-state battery as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] The aforementioned solid-state battery cell, solid-state battery, and power device utilize a plastic frame to encapsulate the positive electrode sheet, and use the notch on the plastic frame to allow the positive electrode tab on the positive electrode sheet to pass through, thereby avoiding the positive electrode tab from having a raised effect, and thus avoiding the thickness increase on the side of the cell with the positive electrode tab, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the cell. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a solid-state battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a composite negative electrode sheet in one embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a composite positive electrode sheet in one embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a bare negative electrode sheet in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 This application provides a solid-state battery cell 10, a solid-state battery, and an electrical device. The electrical device includes a solid-state battery, which serves as the power source for the device. The electrical device can include, but is not limited to, mobile devices, electric vehicles, electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, etc. Mobile devices can be, for example, mobile phones, laptops, etc.; electric vehicles can be, for example, pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, electric motorcycles, power tools, etc., but are not limited to these. This electrical device can also be applied to military equipment, aerospace, and other fields, and can also be applied to energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants.

[0028] Specifically, the solid-state battery includes a battery case and at least one cell 10 housed within the battery case. The cell 10 refers to a basic unit capable of converting chemical energy into electrical energy, and all its components are solid-state.

[0029] In embodiments of this application, the solid-state battery cell 10 includes a plurality of negative electrode plates 11, a plurality of positive electrode plates 12, a plurality of plastic frames 13, and a plurality of solid electrolyte layers 14. The negative electrode plates 11 and positive electrode plates 12 are alternately stacked, and a solid electrolyte layer 14 is disposed between each adjacent negative electrode plate 11 and positive electrode plate 12, i.e., the solid electrolyte layer 14 separates adjacent negative electrode plates 11 and positive electrode plates 12. During charging and discharging, active ions repeatedly insert and extract between the positive electrode plates 12 and negative electrode plates 11. The solid electrolyte layer 14 serves to conduct ions between the positive electrode plates 12 and negative electrode plates 11, and also isolates the positive electrode plates 12 and negative electrode plates 11, thereby preventing short circuits between them.

[0030] A frame 13 is provided between each pair of adjacent negative electrode sheets 11. Each frame 13 and the two adjacent negative electrode sheets 11 together form a receiving space 137, and each positive electrode sheet 12 is located within the corresponding receiving space 137. The frame 13 serves to fix the positive electrode sheet 12 and the solid electrolyte layer 14, preventing them from expanding or shifting. The frame 13 can be made of thermosensitive or pressure-sensitive adhesive, which is activated under heating or pressurization, thus possessing a certain degree of adhesion to bond and fix the positive electrode sheet 12 and the negative electrode sheet 11. The frame 13 not only fixes the positive electrode sheet 12 and the negative electrode sheet 11, preventing deformation of the electrode sheets under high pressure that could lead to edge contact or misalignment between the positive electrode sheet 12 and the negative electrode sheet 11, thus avoiding short circuits and greatly improving the yield of solid-state batteries, but also suppresses the expansion of components during charging and discharging, thereby effectively improving the cycle performance of the battery.

[0031] Each frame 13 has a notch 135 connecting the inner side (i.e., the aforementioned receiving space 137) of the frame 13 to the outer side. The positive electrode tab 120 on the positive electrode sheet 12 protrudes through the notch 135 to the outer side of the frame 13. In this way, the positive electrode sheet 12 is encapsulated by the frame 13, and the notch 135 on the frame 13 allows the positive electrode tab 120 on the positive electrode sheet 12 to pass through, thereby avoiding the positive electrode tab 120 from being raised, and thus avoiding the thickness increase on the side of the cell 10 with the positive electrode tab 120, which is beneficial to improving the quality of the cell 10.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, each solid electrolyte layer 14 is located within the receiving space 137, that is, each solid electrolyte layer 14 is located inside the frame 13, thereby using the frame 13 to encapsulate the solid electrolyte layer 14 and the positive electrode 12, preventing the positive electrode 12 and the solid electrolyte layer 14 from expanding or shifting.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, each frame 13 includes a first sub-frame 131 and a second sub-frame 133 stacked together. The notch 135 is formed on the first sub-frame 131. Thus, the frame 13 adopts a double-layer frame including the first sub-frame 131 and the second sub-frame 133, and the notch 135 is die-cut into the first sub-frame 131 during the manufacturing process, so that when the positive electrode tab 120 on the positive electrode sheet 12 passes through the notch 135 on the first sub-frame 131 when the cells are stacked to form the battery cell 10.

[0034] Of course, in other embodiments, the notch 135 may also be formed on the second sub-frame 133, as long as it can allow the positive electrode tab 120 on the positive electrode sheet 12 to pass through, and there is no limitation here.

[0035] It should be noted that, since the first sub-frame 131 or the second sub-frame 133 has a notch 135, the positive electrode tab 120 passing through the notch 135 is prone to making conductive contact with the adjacent negative electrode 11, resulting in a short circuit. To prevent the positive electrode tab 120 from making conductive contact with the adjacent negative electrode 11, in the embodiments of this application, an insulating layer 122 is provided on the positive electrode tab 120, thereby using the insulating layer 122 to isolate the positive electrode tab 120 from the adjacent negative electrode 11 and prevent them from making conductive contact.

[0036] Furthermore, a portion of the insulating layer 122 covers the portion of the positive electrode tab 120 located within the notch 135, and another portion of the insulating layer 122 extends to the outside of the frame 13. Specifically, the positive electrode tab 120 includes a root segment, a middle segment, and an end segment connected in sequence. The root segment is connected to the positive electrode plate 12, the middle segment is partially located within the notch 135, another portion of the middle segment is located outside the frame 13, and the end segment is located outside the frame 13. Since the contact point between the positive electrode tab 120 and the adjacent negative electrode plate 11 is located in the middle segment, in this embodiment, the insulating layer 122 covers at least the middle segment of the positive electrode tab 120, thereby preventing electrical conduction between the middle segment and the adjacent negative electrode plate 11.

[0037] Optionally, the insulating layer 122 can be insulating tape, which is adhered to the positive electrode tab 120 to wrap the positive electrode tab 120.

[0038] In some embodiments, the negative tab 110 on each negative electrode 11 and the positive tab 120 on each positive electrode 12 are located on the same side of the cell 10, that is, multiple positive tabs 120 and multiple negative tabs 110 are simultaneously led out from one side of the cell 10.

[0039] Of course, in other embodiments, the negative tab 110 on each negative electrode 11 and the positive tab 120 on each positive electrode 12 are located on opposite sides of the cell 10. For example, as Figure 1 As shown, the negative tab 110 on each negative electrode 11 is located on the right side of the cell 10, and the positive tab 120 on each positive electrode 12 is located on the left side of the cell 10. That is, multiple negative tabs 110 are led out from the right side of the cell 10, and multiple positive tabs 120 are led out from the left side of the cell 10.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, the battery cell 10 further includes a first protective film 15 and a second protective film 16. Each negative electrode 11 and each positive electrode 12 are stacked between the first protective film 15 and the second protective film 16. That is, the first protective film 15 covers the bottom negative electrode 11 of the battery cell 10, and the second protective film 16 covers the top negative electrode 11 of the battery cell 10, thereby protecting the bottom and top negative electrode 11 of the battery cell 10 and preventing scratches from occurring during the transfer and handling of the battery cell 10.

[0041] The process of stacking wafers to form cell 10 is explained below:

[0042] First, the first protective film 15 is laid on the stacking table.

[0043] Then, the composite negative electrode 11 and the composite positive electrode 12 are stacked alternately on the stacking table; wherein, the composite negative electrode 11 includes a negative electrode 11 and a plastic frame 13 and a solid electrolyte layer 14 disposed on the same side of the negative electrode 11, and the solid electrolyte layer 14 is located inside the plastic frame 13. The composite positive electrode 12 includes a positive electrode 12 and a solid electrolyte layer 14 disposed on one side of the positive electrode 12. During stacking, the side of the negative electrode 11 with the plastic frame 13 and the solid electrolyte layer 14 faces upward, and the side of the positive electrode 12 with the solid electrolyte layer 14 faces upward.

[0044] After the number of composite negative electrode sheets 11 and composite positive electrode sheets 12 stacked reaches the required quantity, a bare negative electrode sheet 11 is then stacked onto the stacking platform. The bare negative electrode sheet 11 is the negative electrode sheet 11 without the adhesive frame 13 and the solid electrolyte layer 14.

[0045] Then, the second protective film 16 is placed on top of the cell 10 on the stacking table, and the cell 10 on the stacking table is unloaded.

[0046] Finally, the cell 10 is cold-pressed or hot-pressed to activate the frame 13, so that the frame 13 is bonded and fixed to the negative electrode 11 and the positive electrode 12 into one piece.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid-state battery cell, characterized in that, It includes multiple negative electrode sheets (11), multiple positive electrode sheets (12), multiple plastic frames (13) and multiple solid electrolyte layers (14). The negative electrode sheets (11) and the positive electrode sheets (12) are stacked alternately on each other, and the solid electrolyte layer (14) is disposed between each adjacent positive electrode sheet (12) and negative electrode sheet (11). A frame (13) is provided between each pair of adjacent negative electrode plates (11). The frame (13) and the two adjacent negative electrode plates (11) together enclose a receiving space (137). The positive electrode plate (12) is located in the receiving space (137). The frame (13) has a notch (135) connecting the receiving space (137) and the outside of the frame (13). The positive electrode tab (120) on the positive electrode plate (12) protrudes through the notch (135) to the outside of the frame (13).

2. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the solid electrolyte layers (14) is located within the containment space (137).

3. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned frames (13) includes a first sub-frame (131) and a second sub-frame (133) stacked together, and the notch (135) is located on the first sub-frame (131) or the second sub-frame (133).

4. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, An insulating layer (122) is provided on the positive electrode tab (120).

5. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, A portion of the insulating layer (122) is located within the notch (135), and another portion of the insulating layer (122) extends to the outside of the frame (13).

6. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insulating layer (122) is an insulating tape.

7. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative tab (110) on each of the negative electrode plates (11) and the positive tab (120) on each of the positive electrode plates (12) are located on the same side of the battery cell (10); or The negative tab (110) on each negative electrode (11) and the positive tab (120) on each positive electrode (12) are located on opposite sides of the battery cell (10).

8. The solid-state battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell (10) also includes a first protective film (15) and a second protective film (16), and each negative electrode (11) and each positive electrode (12) are stacked between the first protective film (15) and the second protective film (16).

9. A solid-state battery, characterized in that, Includes the battery cell (10) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Including the solid-state battery as described in claim 9.

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