Energy storage box and energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of explosion venting, in particular to an energy storage tank and an energy storage system. The application aims to solve the problem of high obstruction degree at the explosion venting opening and poor explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank. The energy storage tank provided by the application comprises a tank body, an energy storage device and a control device. The tank wall of the tank body comprises a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall, the top wall and the bottom wall are oppositely arranged, and the side wall is arranged between the top wall and the bottom wall. The control device is electrically connected with the energy storage device, and the control device is arranged between the energy storage device and the bottom wall, so that the space between the energy storage device and the bottom wall is enlarged. The energy storage tank further comprises an explosion venting opening, the explosion venting opening is arranged on the side wall, and the explosion venting opening is arranged close to the bottom wall, so that the space near the explosion venting opening is large. When the pressure wave is discharged through the explosion venting opening, the obstruction degree of the obstacle on the propagation path of the pressure wave is low, so that the propagation rate of the pressure wave and the discharge rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas are increased, the pressure in the energy storage tank is rapidly reduced, and the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of explosion venting technology, specifically to an energy storage box and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] An energy storage box consists of a box body and battery clusters housed within it. When these battery clusters experience thermal runaway, they generate a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas, increasing the pressure inside the storage box and creating a pressure wave, which can lead to an explosion. To prevent explosions, a vent is typically installed on the top wall of the storage box. However, the positions of internal components vary between different energy storage boxes, resulting in different internal spatial structures. When the vent is placed on the top wall, the internal components increase the obstruction at the vent, hindering the propagation of the pressure wave and making it difficult for the pressure wave to be released, thus affecting the explosion-proof effect of the energy storage box. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an energy storage box and energy storage system that can reduce the blockage at the explosion vent and improve the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage box, including a box body, an energy storage device, and a control device. The box body has a top wall, a bottom wall, and side walls, with the top and bottom walls facing each other and the side walls positioned between the top and bottom walls. The energy storage device is disposed within the box body. The control device is electrically connected to the energy storage device, is disposed within the energy storage box, and is positioned between the energy storage device and the bottom wall. The control device is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device. The energy storage box also includes an explosion vent, which is disposed on the side wall and positioned close to the bottom wall.

[0005] Because the control equipment is located between the energy storage device and the bottom wall, the space between them is increased. The explosion vent is located on the side wall, close to the bottom wall, resulting in a relatively large space near the vent. When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage device, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas is generated, leading to an explosion inside the energy storage tank. This explosion generates a pressure wave. As the pressure wave escapes through the explosion vent, the larger space near the vent reduces obstruction along its propagation path, allowing it to propagate smoothly to the vicinity of the vent and from there to the outside. This increases the propagation rate of the pressure wave and the rate of escape of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas, rapidly reducing the pressure inside the energy storage tank and enhancing its explosion venting effectiveness.

[0006] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, the energy storage box further includes a smoke exhaust channel, which is disposed between the side wall and the energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve. A smoke exhaust port is provided on the side wall, located at the end of the smoke exhaust channel near the top wall, and is connected to the smoke exhaust channel. Along the length of the energy storage box, explosion vents and the smoke exhaust channel are spaced apart. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve, as are the smoke exhaust ports. When thermal runaway occurs inside the energy storage device, the internal pressure increases. When the pressure exceeds a certain value, the explosion-proof valve automatically opens, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the energy storage device to escape through the smoke exhaust channel and the smoke exhaust port, preventing thermal runaway of the energy storage device from affecting other components inside the energy storage box and causing the entire energy storage box to explode.

[0007] Along the length of the energy storage tank, the explosion vent and smoke exhaust channel are spaced apart to ensure their proper functioning and prevent mutual interference. Both the explosion vent and smoke exhaust channel are located on the side wall, meaning that the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the energy storage device and the energy storage tank both escape through the side wall. The fixed direction of gas escape reduces interference from the high-temperature, high-pressure gas to other equipment around the energy storage tank, ensuring their normal operation.

[0008] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the explosion vent is located between the energy storage device and the bottom wall in the height direction of the energy storage box.

[0009] When a thermal runaway occurs in an energy storage device, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas can be directly released through the explosion vent, preventing the energy storage device from obstructing the explosion path of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas and increasing the explosion venting rate. In the vertical direction of the energy storage tank, the explosion vent is located between the energy storage device and the bottom wall, preventing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas from spreading upwards and avoiding temperature increases and further explosions of the energy storage device near the top wall.

[0010] Meanwhile, the explosion vent is located between the energy storage device and the bottom wall, which can optimize the flow path of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from running around inside the energy storage box, further reduce damage to the energy storage box, reduce subsequent maintenance costs and repair work, and thus further improve the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box.

[0011] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the energy storage tank further includes a liquid cooling unit, which is disposed inside the energy storage tank and between the top wall and the energy storage device. In the height direction of the energy storage tank, the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is less than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control equipment. In the width direction of the energy storage tank, the explosion vent and the control equipment are spaced apart.

[0012] Since the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is less than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control equipment, it can be approximated that the volume of the space between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is less than or equal to the volume of the space between the energy storage device and the control equipment. A larger space between the energy storage device and the control equipment, with the explosion vent located close to the bottom wall, can increase the space for the release of high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves, improving the release rate and thus enhancing the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank.

[0013] In the width direction of the energy storage tank, the explosion vent and the control equipment are spaced apart to avoid the control equipment from obstructing the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves to the explosion vent, thus ensuring the release rate of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage box, including a box body and a liquid cooling unit. The box body has a top wall, a bottom wall, and side walls, with the top and bottom walls facing each other and the side walls positioned between the top and bottom walls. The liquid cooling unit is disposed inside the energy storage box, between the top wall and the energy storage device. The energy storage box also includes an explosion vent, which is located on the side wall and close to the top wall.

[0015] Because the liquid cooling unit is located between the top wall and the energy storage device, the space between the energy storage device and the top wall is relatively large. The explosion vent is located on the side wall, close to the top wall, resulting in a large space near the explosion vent. In the event of thermal runaway in the energy storage tank, the energy storage device generates a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas, leading to an internal explosion. This explosion generates a pressure wave within the energy storage tank. As the pressure wave escapes through the explosion vent, the large space near the vent reduces the obstruction along its propagation path, thus increasing the propagation speed of the pressure wave and the escape rate of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This leads to a rapid decrease in pressure within the energy storage tank, thereby improving the explosion venting effect.

[0016] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the energy storage box further includes a smoke exhaust channel, which is disposed between the side wall and the energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve. A smoke exhaust port is provided on the side wall, located at one end of the smoke exhaust channel near the top wall, and is connected to the smoke exhaust channel. Along the length of the energy storage box, explosion vents and smoke exhaust ports are spaced apart.

[0017] The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, a smoke exhaust channel connected to the explosion-proof valve, and a smoke exhaust port connected to the smoke exhaust channel. In the event of thermal runaway within the energy storage device, the internal pressure increases. When the pressure exceeds a certain value, the explosion-proof valve automatically opens, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the energy storage device to escape through the smoke exhaust channel and smoke exhaust port. This prevents thermal runaway from affecting other components within the energy storage tank and causing an explosion. Along the length of the energy storage tank, the explosion exhaust port and smoke exhaust channel are spaced apart to ensure their normal operation and prevent mutual interference. Both the smoke exhaust port and the explosion exhaust port are located on the side wall, meaning that the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside both the energy storage device and the energy storage tank escapes through the side wall. The fixed direction of gas escape reduces interference from the high-temperature, high-pressure gas to other equipment around the energy storage tank, ensuring their normal operation.

[0018] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the explosion vent is located between the top wall and the energy storage device in the height direction of the energy storage box.

[0019] When a thermal runaway occurs in an energy storage device, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas can be directly released through the explosion vent, avoiding obstruction of the gas's path and increasing the venting rate. Due to the high temperature of the gas, it flows upwards. With the explosion vent located between the energy storage device and the top wall along the height of the storage tank, the direction of gas flow towards the vent aligns with the overall gas flow direction, thus increasing the venting rate and improving the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank.

[0020] The explosion vent is located between the energy storage device and the top wall, which can optimize the flow path of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from running around inside the energy storage box, further reduce damage to the energy storage box, reduce subsequent maintenance costs and repair work, and thus further improve the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box.

[0021] In some embodiments that may include the above-described examples, the energy storage box further includes a control device electrically connected to the energy storage device. The control device is disposed inside the energy storage box and between the bottom wall and the energy storage device. The control device is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device. In the height direction of the energy storage box, the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is greater than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control device. In the width direction of the energy storage box, the explosion vent is spaced apart from the liquid cooling unit.

[0022] Since the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is greater than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control equipment, it can be approximated that the volume of the space between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is greater than or equal to the volume of the space between the energy storage device and the control equipment. The relatively large space between the energy storage device and the liquid cooling unit, along with the explosion vent located near the top wall, increases the space for the release of high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves, improving the release rate and thus enhancing the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank.

[0023] In the width direction of the energy storage tank, the explosion vent and the liquid cooling unit are spaced apart to avoid the control equipment from obstructing the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves to the explosion vent, thus ensuring the release rate of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves.

[0024] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, there are multiple explosion vents, and the multiple explosion vents are arranged at intervals along the length of the energy storage box.

[0025] The presence of multiple explosion vents increases the explosion venting rate and improves the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box. These multiple explosion vents are spaced apart along the length of the energy storage box, ensuring their fixed positions. All explosion vents are positioned between the energy storage device and the top wall, ensuring that each vent is connected to the space between the energy storage device and the top wall, thus guaranteeing the explosion venting effect of each vent.

[0026] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the energy storage box further includes a venting plate covering the vent, the venting plate being configured to open the vent when the pressure inside the energy storage box is greater than or equal to a set value.

[0027] The explosion relief plate covers the explosion relief vent, which can ensure that the energy storage box is in a sealed state under normal conditions, preventing impurities in the external environment from entering the energy storage box and damaging the equipment. It can also prevent flammable and explosive dust or external sources from entering the energy storage box and causing it to explode, thus ensuring the normal operation of the energy storage box.

[0028] The explosion relief plate is configured to open the explosion relief port when the pressure inside the energy storage box is greater than or equal to a set value. When the pressure inside the energy storage box is greater than or equal to the set value, it means that there is a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the energy storage box. When the explosion relief plate opens, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be released through the explosion relief port in a timely manner, ensuring the explosion relief effect of the energy storage box and ensuring the safety of the energy storage box.

[0029] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, including a power conversion device and the aforementioned energy storage box, wherein the power conversion device is electrically connected to the energy storage box.

[0030] The energy storage system provided in this application includes the energy storage box in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same technical effect. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 AA section Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage box structure when the explosion relief plate is closed, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage box structure when the explosion relief plate is opened, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 7 BB sectional view Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 9 for Figure 7 BB sectional view Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage box structure when the explosion relief plate is closed, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage box structure when the explosion relief plate is opened, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion relief plate when it is closed, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a venting plate with grooves provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion relief plate when it is opened, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the explosion relief plate when it is opened, as provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 16 The explosion relief plate provided in this embodiment includes a first plate and a second plate.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] 10: Energy storage system; 11: Power conversion equipment; 12: Power grid; 13: Load; 20: Energy storage box; 21: Box body; 22: Box wall; 23: Energy storage device; 231: Battery pack; 24: Explosion vent; 25: Control equipment; 26: Liquid cooling unit; 27: Smoke exhaust channel; 28: Smoke exhaust port; 29: Explosion relief plate; 291: First plate; 292: Second plate; 30: Explosion-proof valve; 31: Top wall; 32: Bottom wall; 33: Side wall; 51: Telescopic rod; 52: Chain; 53: Connecting rod; 54: Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0051] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "horizontal," and "vertical" are defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or an integral connection; they can also refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 This application provides an energy storage system 10, including a power conversion device 11 and an energy storage box 20, which are electrically connected to the power conversion device 11. The power conversion device 11 can perform bidirectional energy conversion. For example, when the energy storage box 20 is charging, the power conversion device 11 can convert AC power from the power grid 12 (or other power supply equipment) into DC power, storing the DC power in the energy storage box 20. When the energy storage box 20 is discharging, the power conversion device 11 can convert the DC power in the energy storage box 20 back into AC power for use by the load 13.

[0054] This application embodiment does not limit the power conversion device 11. For example, the power conversion device 11 may include an inverter, a rectifier, a power conversion system (PCS), etc. This application embodiment does not limit the number of energy storage boxes 20. It is understood that when the capacity of the energy storage boxes 20 is the same, the more energy storage boxes 20 there are, the larger the capacity of the energy storage system 10. The number of energy storage boxes 20 can be adjusted according to the actual use scenario of the energy storage system 10, thereby changing the capacity of the energy storage system 10.

[0055] When the capacity of the energy storage system 10 is small, it can be used in small factories, commercial parks, campuses, charging stations, etc. The energy storage system 10 can serve as a backup power source to assist in power supply. For example, in an embodiment where the energy storage system 10 is used in a charging station, the energy storage system 10 can release the stored electrical energy during peak electricity consumption periods to meet the charging needs of the charging station, thereby significantly reducing electricity costs and avoiding power instability caused by excessive load on the power grid 12.

[0056] When the energy storage system 10 has a large capacity, it can be used in microgrids, wind power generation scenarios, photovoltaic power generation scenarios, etc. In embodiments where the energy storage system 10 is used in wind power generation scenarios and photovoltaic power generation scenarios, the energy storage system 10 can utilize wind and solar energy for charging, serving as a backup power source. It provides power support when power supply is insufficient or interrupted, ensuring the normal operation of critical equipment. Simultaneously, because the energy storage system 10 can store electrical energy, it can be used in geographically remote areas, areas with harsh climates, and areas with unstable power grids, improving the stability and reliability of power supply in these areas.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, Figure 3 When the energy storage box 20 includes an energy storage device 23 and a control device 25 Figure 2 A sectional view along line AA. The energy storage box 20 includes a box body 21 and an energy storage device 23. The box body 21 has walls 22 including a top wall 31, a bottom wall 32, and side walls 33. The top wall 31 and the bottom wall 32 are arranged opposite each other, and the side walls 33 are arranged between the top wall 31 and the bottom wall 32. The energy storage device 23 is disposed inside the box body 21. The box body 21 can protect the energy storage device 23, prevent damage to the energy storage device 23, and ensure that the energy storage device 23 can be used normally.

[0058] This application does not limit the container 21. For example, the container 21 can be a cuboid, a cube, etc. More specifically, the container 21 can be a shipping container. In embodiments where the container 21 is a shipping container, when multiple energy storage boxes 20 are included, the energy storage boxes 20 can be stacked for transportation, which improves the transportation speed and transportation space utilization of the energy storage boxes 20.

[0059] The following embodiments of this application use a cuboid box 21 as an example for illustration.

[0060] It is understood that the energy storage device 23 is a device for storing electrical energy. For example, the energy storage device 23 can be a battery pack. In embodiments where the energy storage device 23 includes a battery pack, the energy storage device 23 includes at least one battery pack 231 stacked together. Here, the battery pack 231 refers to a battery system that combines multiple battery cells in a certain configuration and connection method. This application does not limit the type of battery cell; for example, the battery cell can be a sodium-ion battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery, etc.

[0061] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The energy storage box 20 includes a control device 25, which is electrically connected to the energy storage device 23. The control device 25 is installed inside the energy storage box 20 and between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32. The control device 25 is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device 23.

[0062] The control device 25 can monitor and adjust the parameters of the energy storage device 23, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage device 23. This application embodiment does not limit the control device 25; for example, the control device 25 may include a battery management system (BMS).

[0063] In embodiments where the energy storage device 23 includes a battery cluster, the battery management system can monitor the voltage, current, temperature, and other states of the battery cluster to ensure that the battery cluster operates within a safe range. The battery management system can also exchange data with external devices (e.g., power conversion device 11) and execute control commands.

[0064] Specifically, the battery management system includes a Battery Management Unit (BMU) and a Battery Control Unit (BCU). The BMU is connected to the battery pack 231 and can monitor parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack 231, uploading the data to the BCU in real time. When a fault occurs in the battery pack 231 (e.g., low or high voltage, or high temperature), the BMU will trigger a protection mechanism to disconnect the battery pack 231.

[0065] The battery control unit connects to the battery module units and can analyze the overall status of the battery cluster based on data provided by the battery module units. The battery control unit can also coordinate the work between multiple battery module units to optimize the overall performance of the battery cluster.

[0066] Since the control device 25 is located between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32, the distance H1 between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32 increases in the height direction z of the energy storage box 20, which makes the space between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32 larger.

[0067] The explosion vent 24 is located on the side wall 33 and close to the bottom wall 32, resulting in a relatively large space near the explosion vent 24. When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage device 23, it generates a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas, causing an explosion inside the energy storage tank 20. During the explosion, a pressure wave is generated within the energy storage tank 20. As the pressure wave and the high-temperature, high-pressure gas escape through the explosion vent 24, the relatively large space near the vent 24 reduces the obstruction along the propagation path of the pressure wave and the escape path of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This increases the propagation rate of the pressure wave and the escape rate of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas, causing a rapid decrease in pressure within the energy storage tank 20 and thus improving the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank 20.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the above embodiment, the energy storage box 20 further includes a smoke exhaust channel 27, which is disposed between the side wall 33 and the energy storage device 23. The energy storage device 23 includes an explosion-proof valve 30, and the smoke exhaust channel 27 is connected to the explosion-proof valve 30. A smoke exhaust port 28 is provided on the side wall 33, and the smoke exhaust port 28 is located at one end of the smoke exhaust channel 27 near the top wall 31, and is connected to the smoke exhaust channel 27. Along the length x of the energy storage box 20, explosion relief ports 24 are spaced apart from the smoke exhaust channel 27.

[0069] The length of the exhaust channel 27 is not limited in this embodiment. For example, in the height direction z of the energy storage box 20, the length of the exhaust channel 27 can be equal to the length of the energy storage device 23; in the height direction z of the energy storage box 20, the length of the exhaust channel 27 can be greater than the length of the energy storage device 23.

[0070] In embodiments where the energy storage device 23 includes a battery pack, each battery pack 231 is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 30, and the exhaust channel 27 is connected to each explosion-proof valve 30. When a single battery pack 231 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the battery pack 231 increases. When the pressure exceeds a certain value, the explosion-proof valve 30 automatically opens, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the battery pack 231 to escape through the exhaust channel 27 and the exhaust port 28, thus preventing the thermal runaway of a single battery pack 231 from affecting the temperature of other battery packs 231 and causing the entire battery pack to experience thermal runaway.

[0071] Along the length x-direction of the energy storage box 20, the explosion vent 24 and the smoke exhaust channel 27 are spaced apart to ensure their normal operation and prevent mutual interference. Both the smoke exhaust port 28 and the explosion vent 24 are located on the side wall 33, meaning that the high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the energy storage device 23 and the energy storage box 20 both leak out through the side wall 33. The fixed leakage direction of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas reduces interference with other equipment around the energy storage box 20, ensuring the normal operation of other equipment.

[0072] Continue to refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the explosion vent 24 is located between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32 in the height direction z of the energy storage box 20. That is, the explosion vent 24 is lower than the energy storage device 23.

[0073] When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage device 23, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be directly discharged through the explosion vent 24, preventing the energy storage device 23 from obstructing the explosion path of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and increasing the explosion venting rate. In the height z direction of the energy storage box 20, the explosion vent 24 is located between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32, which can prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from spreading upward and prevent the temperature of the energy storage device 23 near the top wall 31 from rising and further exploding.

[0074] Meanwhile, the explosion vent 24 is located between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32, which can optimize the flow path of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from running around inside the energy storage box 20, further reduce damage to the energy storage box 20, reduce subsequent maintenance costs and repair work, and thus further improve the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box 20.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The energy storage box 20 also includes a liquid cooling unit 26. Figure 2 A sectional view along line AA. In some embodiments, the energy storage box 20 further includes a liquid cooling unit 26, which is disposed inside the energy storage box 20 and between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23.

[0076] In embodiments where the energy storage device 23 includes a battery cluster, the battery pack 231 ( Figure 3 The battery pack 231 (as shown) typically contains a liquid cooling plate filled with coolant. When the battery pack 231 is operating, it generates heat. The liquid cooling plate, in contact with the battery pack 231, absorbs this heat and transfers it to the coolant, thus raising the temperature of the coolant within the liquid cooling plate.

[0077] The liquid cooling unit 26 and the liquid cooling plate can be connected by a pipeline. The coolant in the liquid cooling plate can be transferred to the liquid cooling unit 26 through the pipeline. At the same time, the coolant in the liquid cooling unit 26 can enter the liquid cooling plate through the pipeline to continue to participate in the cooling of the battery pack 231.

[0078] This application does not limit the internal structure of the liquid cooling unit 26. For example, in some embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 26 may include a condenser, which includes cooling pipes and heat dissipation fins. The coolant in the liquid cooling plate can enter the cooling pipes and transfer heat to the heat dissipation fins. When air flows through the heat dissipation fins, it can carry away the heat on the heat dissipation fins and transfer it to the outside, thereby achieving the cooling of the coolant.

[0079] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 26 may include a heat exchanger comprising a plurality of heat exchange plates. The space between two adjacent heat exchange plates forms a flow channel, which includes a first flow channel and a second flow channel, which are alternately arranged. Coolant in the liquid cooling plate flows in the first flow channel, while external cooling water (e.g., water from a cooling tower, chilled water, etc.) flows in the second flow channel. Heat exchange occurs between the coolant and the cooling water, thereby achieving cooling of the coolant.

[0080] In the height direction z of the energy storage tank 20, the distance L1 between the liquid cooling unit 26 and the energy storage device 23 is less than or equal to the distance L2 between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25. In the width direction y of the energy storage tank 20, the explosion vent 24 and the control device 25 are spaced apart.

[0081] Since the distance L1 between the liquid cooling unit 26 and the energy storage device 23 is less than or equal to the distance L2 between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25, it can be approximated that the volume of the space between the liquid cooling unit 26 and the energy storage device 23 is less than or equal to the volume of the space between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25. The relatively large space between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25, coupled with the placement of the explosion vent 24 near the bottom wall 32, increases the space for the release of high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves, thereby improving the release rate and enhancing the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank 20. Furthermore, the explosion vent 24 and the control device 25 are spaced apart along the width direction y of the energy storage tank 20, preventing the control device 25 from obstructing the flow of high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves to the explosion vent 24 and ensuring the release rate of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, there are multiple explosion vents 24, which are spaced apart along the length x of the energy storage box 20.

[0083] Understandably, the more explosion vents 24 there are, the larger the explosion venting area, and the greater the amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas released within the same time period. In other words, the more explosion vents 24 there are, the higher the explosion venting rate of the energy storage box 20, and the better the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box 20. Having multiple explosion vents 24 can increase the explosion venting rate of the energy storage box 20 and improve its explosion venting effect.

[0084] Multiple explosion vents 24 are spaced apart along the length of the energy storage box 20 to ensure that the positions of the explosion vents 24 are fixed. All explosion vents 24 are located between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32 to ensure that each explosion vent 24 is connected to the space between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32, thus ensuring the explosion venting effect of each explosion vent 24.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 8 The energy storage box 20 includes a housing 21 and a liquid cooling unit 26. Figure 7 A sectional view along line AA. In some embodiments, the energy storage box 20 includes a box body 21 and an energy storage device 23. The box body 21 has walls 22 including a top wall 31, a bottom wall 32, and side walls 33. The top wall 31 and the bottom wall 32 are arranged opposite to each other, and the side walls 33 are disposed between the top wall 31 and the bottom wall 32. The energy storage device 23 is disposed inside the box body 21. The box body 21 can protect the energy storage device 23, prevent damage to the energy storage device 23, and ensure that the energy storage device 23 can be used normally.

[0086] The energy storage box 20 also includes a liquid cooling unit 26, which is installed inside the energy storage box 20 and is located between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23.

[0087] It is understood that the liquid cooling unit 26 can supply coolant to the energy storage device 23 to cool the energy storage device 23. This application embodiment does not limit the internal structure of the liquid cooling unit 26, and will not elaborate further here.

[0088] Because the liquid cooling unit 26 is located between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23, the distance H2 between the energy storage device 23 and the top wall 31 increases along the height z direction of the energy storage tank 20, thus increasing the space between them. The explosion vent 24 is located on the side wall 33 and close to the top wall 31, resulting in a relatively large space near the vent 24. When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage tank 20, the energy storage device 23 generates a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas, causing an explosion inside the energy storage tank 20. During this explosion, a pressure wave is generated within the energy storage tank 20. As the pressure wave escapes through the explosion vent 24, the large space near the vent reduces the obstruction along its propagation path and the escape path of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas, increasing the propagation rate of the pressure wave and the escape rate of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas. This leads to a rapid decrease in pressure within the energy storage tank 20, thereby improving the explosion venting effect.

[0089] Continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the above embodiment, the energy storage box 20 further includes a smoke exhaust channel 27, which is disposed between the side wall 33 and the energy storage device 23. The energy storage device 23 includes an explosion-proof valve 30, and the smoke exhaust channel 27 is connected to the explosion-proof valve 30. A smoke exhaust port 28 is provided on the side wall 33, and the smoke exhaust port 28 is located at one end of the smoke exhaust channel 27 near the top wall 31, and is connected to the smoke exhaust channel 27. Along the length x of the energy storage box 20, the explosion relief port 24 and the smoke exhaust port 28 are spaced apart.

[0090] The energy storage device 23 includes an explosion-proof valve 30. When thermal runaway occurs inside the energy storage device 23, the pressure inside the energy storage device 23 increases. When the pressure exceeds a certain value, the explosion-proof valve 30 will automatically open, allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the energy storage device 23 to be released through the exhaust channel 27 and the exhaust port 28, thus preventing thermal runaway of the energy storage device 23 from affecting other components inside the energy storage box 20 and causing the entire energy storage box 20 to explode.

[0091] The length of the smoke exhaust channel 27 is not limited in this embodiment. For example, in the direction from the top wall 31 to the bottom wall 32, the length of the smoke exhaust channel 27 can be equal to the length of the energy storage device 23; in the direction from the top wall 31 to the bottom wall 32, the length of the smoke exhaust channel 27 can also be greater than the length of the energy storage device 23.

[0092] In embodiments where the energy storage device 23 includes a battery pack, each battery pack 231 is equipped with an explosion-proof valve 30, and the exhaust channel 27 is connected to each explosion-proof valve 30. When a single battery pack 231 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the battery pack 231 increases. When the pressure exceeds a certain value, the explosion-proof valve 30 automatically opens, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the battery pack 231 to escape through the exhaust channel 27 and the exhaust port 28, thus preventing the thermal runaway of a single battery pack 231 from affecting the temperature of other battery packs 231 and causing the entire battery pack to experience thermal runaway.

[0093] Along the length x-direction of the energy storage box 20, the explosion vent 24 and the smoke exhaust channel 27 are spaced apart to ensure their normal operation and prevent mutual interference. Both the smoke exhaust port 28 and the explosion vent 24 are located on the side wall 33, meaning that the high-temperature, high-pressure gas in the energy storage device 23 and the energy storage box 20 both leak out through the side wall 33. The fixed leakage direction of the high-temperature, high-pressure gas reduces interference with other equipment around the energy storage box 20, ensuring the normal operation of other equipment.

[0094] Continue to refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the explosion vent 24 is located between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23 in the height direction z of the energy storage box 20. That is, the explosion vent 24 is higher than the energy storage device 23.

[0095] When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage device 23, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be directly discharged through the explosion vent 24, avoiding the energy storage device 23 from obstructing the explosion path of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and improving the explosion venting rate. In the height z direction of the energy storage tank 20, the explosion vent 24 is located between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23. Due to the high temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, it will flow upwards. The explosion vent 24 is higher than the energy storage device 23 and flows in the same direction as the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which can improve the discharge rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, thereby improving the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank 20.

[0096] The explosion vent 24 is located between the top wall 31 and the energy storage device 23, which can optimize the flow path of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from running around inside the energy storage box 20, further reduce damage to the energy storage box 20, reduce subsequent maintenance costs and repair work, and thus further improve the explosion venting effect of the energy storage box 20.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 The energy storage box 20 also includes a control device 25. Figure 7 A BB-direction cross-sectional view. In some embodiments, the energy storage box 20 further includes a control device 25 disposed between the energy storage device 23 and the bottom wall 32. This application embodiment does not limit the control device 25, and will not elaborate further here.

[0098] In the height direction z of the energy storage tank 20, the distance L1 between the liquid chiller 26 and the energy storage device 23 is greater than or equal to the distance L2 between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25. In the width direction y of the energy storage tank 20, the explosion vent 24 is spaced apart from the liquid chiller 26.

[0099] Since the distance L1 between the chiller unit 26 and the energy storage device 23 is greater than or equal to the distance L2 between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25, it can be approximated that the volume of the space between the chiller unit 26 and the energy storage device 23 is greater than or equal to the volume of the space between the energy storage device 23 and the control device 25. The relatively large space between the energy storage device 23 and the liquid chiller unit 26, coupled with the explosion vent 24 located near the top wall 31, increases the space for the release of high-temperature, high-pressure gas and pressure waves, thereby improving the release rate and ultimately enhancing the explosion venting effect of the energy storage tank 20.

[0100] In the width direction y of the energy storage tank 20, the explosion vent 24 and the liquid cooling unit 26 are spaced apart to prevent the liquid cooling unit 26 from obstructing the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves to the explosion vent 24, thus ensuring the release rate of high-temperature and high-pressure gas and pressure waves.

[0101] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11In some embodiments, there are multiple explosion vents 24, spaced apart along the length x-direction of the energy storage box 20. It is understood that the more explosion vents 24 there are, the larger the explosion venting area, and the greater the amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas vented within the same time period. In other words, the more explosion vents 24 there are, the higher the explosion venting rate of the energy storage box 20, and the better its explosion venting effect. Having multiple explosion vents 24 can increase the explosion venting rate of the energy storage box 20 and improve its explosion venting effect.

[0102] Multiple explosion vents 24 are spaced apart along the length x of the energy storage box 20 to ensure that the positions of the explosion vents 24 are fixed. All explosion vents 24 are located between the energy storage device 23 and the top wall 31 to ensure that each explosion vent 24 is connected to the space between the energy storage device 23 and the top wall 31, thus ensuring the explosion venting effect of each explosion vent 24.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the above embodiment, the energy storage box 20 also includes a venting plate 29, which covers the venting port 24. The venting plate 29 is configured to open the venting port 24 when the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 is greater than or equal to a set value.

[0104] The material of the explosion relief plate 29 can be a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant material. This application embodiment does not limit the specific material of the explosion relief plate 29. For example, the explosion relief plate 29 can be stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., which can ensure the reliability of the explosion relief plate 29 in harsh environments.

[0105] The explosion relief plate 29 covers the explosion relief port 24, which can ensure that the energy storage box 20 is in a sealed state under normal conditions, preventing impurities in the external environment (such as dust, rainwater, etc.) from entering the energy storage box 20 and damaging the equipment. It can also prevent flammable and explosive dust or external sources from entering the energy storage box 20 and causing the energy storage box 20 to explode, thus ensuring the normal operation of the energy storage box 20.

[0106] The explosion relief plate 29 is configured to open the explosion relief port 24 when the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 is greater than or equal to a set value. When the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 is greater than or equal to the set value, it means that there is a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the energy storage box 20. The opening of the explosion relief plate 29 allows the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to be released through the explosion relief port 24 in a timely manner, ensuring the explosion relief effect of the energy storage box 20 and ensuring the safety of the energy storage box 20.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 13This application does not limit the explosion relief plate 29. For example, in some embodiments, the explosion relief plate 29 can be a rupture disc or a material with grooves. When the explosion relief plate 29 includes a rupture disc or a material with grooves, the explosion relief plate 29 will automatically rupture when the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 exceeds a set value, allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to escape through the explosion relief port 24.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In other embodiments, the explosion vent plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a hinge 54. Alternatively, the explosion vent plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a connecting rod 53. Alternatively, the explosion vent plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a telescopic rod 51. Alternatively, the explosion vent plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a chain 52.

[0109] Continue to refer to Figure 14 In the embodiment where the explosion relief plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a telescopic rod 51 or a chain 52, under normal conditions, the chain 52 is in a relaxed state (the telescopic rod 51 is in a retracted state), and the explosion relief plate 29 faces the energy storage box 20 ( Figure 11 An electromagnetic latch can be installed on the inner surface of the device (as shown). A pressure sensor is installed on the electromagnetic latch. Under normal conditions, the electromagnetic latch is in a locked state, and the explosion relief plate 29 covers the explosion relief port 24.

[0110] When the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 exceeds the set value, the pressure sensor transmits a signal to the electromagnetic lock, causing the electromagnetic lock to be de-energized. Under the action of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the explosion relief plate 29 opens, the hinge 54 is in a taut state (the telescopic rod 51 is in an extended state), and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is released through the explosion relief port 24.

[0111] Continue to refer to Figure 15 In an embodiment where the explosion relief plate 29 is connected to the side wall 33 via a connecting rod 53 or a hinge 54, the connecting rod 53 or hinge 54 is connected to the side wall 33 via a rotating shaft. A damping element is provided on the rotating shaft. When the rotating shaft rotates, the damping element generates friction with the rotating shaft, preventing the rotating shaft from rotating and thus preventing the explosion relief plate 29 from opening.

[0112] By adjusting the friction between the damping component and the rotating shaft, the energy storage box 20 ( Figure 11 When the internal pressure is greater than or equal to the set value, the thrust of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas on the explosion relief plate 29 is greater than the resistance of the damping component on the explosion relief plate 29, and the explosion relief plate 29 opens.

[0113] Please refer to Figure 16 In some embodiments, the explosion relief plate 29 may include a first plate body 291 and a second plate body 292, which cover the explosion relief port 24.

[0114] This application embodiment does not limit the position of the first plate 291 and the second plate 292. For example, the first plate 291 and the second plate 292 can be along the height direction z of the energy storage box 20. Figure 11 As shown) the configuration; the first plate 291 and the second plate 292 can be arranged along the length direction x (as shown) of the energy storage box 20. Figure 11 (As shown in the image) settings.

[0115] This application embodiment does not limit the connection method between the first plate 291 and the side wall 33, or the connection method between the second plate 292 and the side wall 33. For example, the first plate 291 and the side wall 33 can be connected by a telescopic rod 51. Figure 14 (as shown), chain 52 ( Figure 14 As shown), the second plate 292 and the side wall 33 can be connected by a telescopic rod 51, a chain 52, a connecting rod 53, or a hinge 54.

[0116] It is understandable that the connection method between the first plate 291 and the side wall 33 can be the same as the connection method between the second plate 292 and the side wall 33, or the connection method between the first plate 291 and the side wall 33 can be different from the connection method between the second plate 292 and the side wall 33.

[0117] Under normal conditions, the first plate 291 and the second plate 292 are fastened together and cover the explosion vent 24, so that the energy storage box 20 is in a sealed state, preventing impurities in the external environment (such as dust, rainwater, etc.) from entering the energy storage box 20 and damaging the equipment. It can also prevent flammable and explosive dust or external sources from entering the energy storage box 20 and causing the energy storage box 20 to explode, thus ensuring the normal operation of the energy storage box 20.

[0118] In the explosion relief state, when the pressure inside the energy storage box 20 is greater than or equal to the set value, the first plate 291 and the second plate 292 open, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be released through the explosion relief port 24.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage box, characterized in that, include: The enclosure has walls including a top wall, a bottom wall, and side walls, with the top wall and the bottom wall facing each other and the side walls disposed between the top wall and the bottom wall; An energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device is disposed within the housing; A control device is electrically connected to the energy storage device. The control device is disposed inside the energy storage box and between the energy storage device and the bottom wall. The control device is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device. An explosion vent is provided on the side wall and is located close to the bottom wall.

2. The energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage box also includes a smoke exhaust channel, which is disposed between the side wall and the energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve. A smoke exhaust port is provided on the side wall, and the smoke exhaust port is located at one end of the smoke exhaust channel near the top wall, and the smoke exhaust port is connected to the smoke exhaust channel; Along the length of the energy storage box, the explosion vent and the smoke exhaust channel are spaced apart.

3. The energy storage box according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the height direction of the energy storage box, the explosion vent is located between the energy storage device and the bottom wall.

4. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The energy storage tank also includes a liquid cooling unit, which is installed inside the energy storage tank and between the top wall and the energy storage device. In the height direction of the energy storage tank, the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is less than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control equipment; The explosion vent is spaced apart from the control device along the width of the energy storage tank.

5. An energy storage box, characterized in that, include: The enclosure has walls including a top wall, a bottom wall, and side walls, with the top wall and the bottom wall facing each other and the side walls disposed between the top wall and the bottom wall; A liquid-cooled unit is installed inside the energy storage tank and between the top wall and the energy storage device. An explosion vent is provided on the side wall and is located close to the top wall.

6. The energy storage box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy storage box also includes a smoke exhaust channel, which is disposed between the side wall and the energy storage device. The energy storage device includes an explosion-proof valve, and the smoke exhaust channel is connected to the explosion-proof valve. A smoke exhaust port is provided on the side wall, and the smoke exhaust port is located at one end of the smoke exhaust channel near the top wall, and the smoke exhaust port is connected to the smoke exhaust channel; Along the length of the energy storage box, the explosion vent and the smoke exhaust port are spaced apart.

7. The energy storage box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The explosion vent is located between the top wall and the energy storage device in the height direction of the energy storage box.

8. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, The energy storage box also includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the energy storage device. The control device is disposed inside the energy storage box and between the bottom wall and the energy storage device. The control device is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage device. In the height direction of the energy storage tank, the distance between the liquid cooling unit and the energy storage device is greater than or equal to the distance between the energy storage device and the control equipment; The explosion vent is spaced apart from the liquid cooling unit along the width of the energy storage tank.

9. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The number of explosion vents is multiple, and the multiple explosion vents are arranged at intervals along the length of the energy storage box.

10. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The energy storage box also includes a venting plate that covers the vent, and the venting plate is configured to open the vent when the pressure inside the energy storage box is greater than or equal to a set value.

11. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes a power conversion device and an energy storage box as described in any one of claims 1-10, wherein the power conversion device is electrically connected to the energy storage box.

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