A battery module

Abstract

The utility model embodiment provides a kind of battery module, including module shell, multiple soft package electric core, first heat insulating part, second heat insulating part and cover plate. Multiple soft package electric core is stacked and is side by side and is set in module shell along the direction perpendicular to its big face;First heat insulating part is sheet, and at least it is arranged between the big face of adjacent two soft package electric core, and the top of first heat insulating part is lower than the top of soft package electric core;Second heat insulating part is long strip, and the bottom of each second heat insulating part lower part is arranged in the gap between the big face of adjacent two soft package electric core upper part, and its bottom and the top of first heat insulating part are connected;Cover plate is set in the top of module shell, and the bottom of cover plate and the top of second heat insulating part are connected, and cover plate is equipped with multiple exhaust port;Adjacent two second heat insulating parts and first heat insulating part, cover plate and module shell form exhaust passage, and each exhaust port is correspondingly set with exhaust passage, to reduce the risk of heat spread of battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal safety is a bottom-line requirement for product development in new energy vehicles. It is very important to ensure that the battery does not experience thermal diffusion or thermal propagation during use.

[0003] Compared to prismatic and cylindrical batteries, the outer surface of the active material in a pouch cell is encapsulated by an aluminum-plastic film. When thermal runaway occurs in a pouch cell, the high temperature resistance and thermal conductivity of the aluminum-plastic film are far lower than those of the metal casings of prismatic and cylindrical batteries. Therefore, preventing thermal propagation in pouch cell systems has become a key challenge, which determines whether pouch cell products can continue to be further applied and promoted.

[0004] Current pouch cell products, in order to prevent heat propagation, primarily focus on thermal insulation between pouch cells, such as using aerogel insulation materials or phase change materials for large-area insulation. However, heat transfer between pouch cells is not limited to their large surfaces. According to heat transfer path analysis, the high-temperature fumes generated by a pouch cell experiencing thermal runaway will be ejected from the top, laterally impacting the tops of other pouch cells within the module, carrying high-temperature particles that accumulate on top of them, thus heating other pouch cells and accelerating their thermal runaway. Therefore, it is necessary not only to consider the thermal insulation design between the large surfaces of the pouch cells, but also to control the trajectory of the high-temperature fumes and particles ejected from the top of the pouch cells to ensure their smooth discharge and reduce the risk of affecting other pouch cells. How to control the trajectory of the high-temperature fumes and particles ejected from the top of the pouch cells and reduce the risk of affecting other pouch cells is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a battery module that controls the trajectory of high-temperature fumes and particulate matter ejected from the top of thermally runaway pouch cells, thereby reducing the risk of affecting other pouch cells. The specific technical solution is as follows: This application provides a battery module, including a module housing; multiple pouch cells stacked side-by-side within the module housing along a direction perpendicular to their large surfaces; a first heat insulation member, which is sheet-shaped and sandwiched between at least two adjacent pouch cells, with the top of the first heat insulation member lower than the top of the pouch cells; a second heat insulation member, which is elongated, with the lower part of each second heat insulation member sandwiched in the gap between the upper parts of the large surfaces of two adjacent pouch cells, and its bottom connected to the top of the first heat insulation member; a cover plate disposed on the top of the module housing, with the bottom of the cover plate connected to the top of the second heat insulation member, and the cover plate having multiple vents; and an exhaust channel formed between two adjacent second heat insulation members, the first heat insulation member, the cover plate, and the module housing, with each exhaust port corresponding to the exhaust channel.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the second heat insulation member is compressibly disposed between the first heat insulation member and the cover plate in the thickness direction of the battery module.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, one or two of the pouch cells are disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation members.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the first heat insulation element is provided between the outermost large surface of the soft-pack battery cell and the side wall of the module housing.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the heat resistance temperature of the second heat insulation element is greater than 800°C.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, in the extension direction perpendicular to the second heat insulation member, the size of the vent is one-third to one-half of the distance between two adjacent second heat insulation members, and in the direction parallel to the second heat insulation member, the size of the vent is one-third to one-half of the length of the second heat insulation member.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the battery module further includes multiple thermally conductive structural adhesive strips, which are spaced apart in the extending direction of the second heat insulation component; each thermally conductive structural adhesive strip is divided into multiple segments, and each segment of the thermally conductive structural adhesive strip is disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation components, or between the second heat insulation component and the side wall of the module housing, and each segment of the thermally conductive structural adhesive strip is in contact with the side of the second heat insulation component, the bottom of the cover plate, and the top of the soft-pack battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives divide the exhaust channel into multiple regions, and each exhaust port is provided corresponding to each region.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the size of the vent is one-third to one-half the distance between two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives in the extending direction of the second thermal insulation member.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the battery module further includes an insulating film disposed at the bottom of the cover plate, the bottom of the insulating film being in contact with the second heat insulation member, and the top of the insulating film covering the plurality of exhaust ports.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, The first heat insulation component is made of foam; The material of the second heat insulation component is an elastic insulating material, which is any one of ceramic fiber composite material, high silica glass fiber composite material, or mica-glass fiber composite material.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The battery module of this application embodiment includes a module shell, multiple pouch cells, a first heat insulation component, a second heat insulation component, and a cover plate. The first heat insulation component is sandwiched between the large surfaces of at least two adjacent pouch cells, reducing heat conduction between the large surfaces of the pouch cells. Multiple second heat insulation components divide the space enclosed by the cover plate, the first heat insulation components, and the module shell into multiple exhaust channels. When one of the pouch cells experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature fumes and particles emitted from its top are confined to a single exhaust channel by the second heat insulation components. The placement of the second heat insulation components controls the direction of the high-temperature fumes and particles emitted from the top of the pouch cells, preventing the scouring and accumulation of high-temperature fumes and particles in the direction perpendicular to the large surfaces of the pouch cells. The exhaust ports and exhaust channels on the cover are designed to allow the high-temperature fumes and particulate matter emitted from the top of the pouch cells to be discharged smoothly through the exhaust ports. This reduces the heat transfer from the high-temperature fumes and particulate matter of the thermally runaway pouch cells to other pouch cells, minimizes the impact on other pouch cells, and reduces the risk of thermal spread of the battery module.

[0017] Of course, any product implementing this utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view; Figure 5 This is another exploded structural diagram of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another internal structure of the battery module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Module housing 100; soft-pack battery cell 200; first heat insulation component 300; second heat insulation component 400; cover plate 500; vent 510; thermally conductive structural adhesive 600; insulating film 700. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on this application are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a battery module to control the direction of high-temperature smoke and high-temperature particles emitted from the top of thermal runaway pouch cells, thereby reducing the risk of affecting other pouch cells.

[0023] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0024] The battery module of this application embodiment includes a module housing 100, a plurality of pouch cells 200, and a cover plate 500. The cover plate 500 includes a plurality of vents 510.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application, including a module housing 100, multiple pouch cells 200, a first heat insulation component 300, a second heat insulation component 400, a cover plate 500, and an insulating film 700. The insulating film 700 is disposed at the bottom of the cover plate 500, the bottom of the insulating film 700 is in contact with the second heat insulation component 400, and the top of the insulating film 700 covers all the vents 510.

[0026] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 An internal structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the battery module includes a module housing 100, a plurality of pouch cells 200, a first heat insulation component 300, a second heat insulation component 400, and a cover plate 500; the plurality of pouch cells 200 are stacked side-by-side within the module housing 100 along a direction perpendicular to their large surfaces; the first heat insulation component 300 is sheet-shaped, and is at least sandwiched between the large surfaces of two adjacent pouch cells 200, with the top of the first heat insulation component 300 lower than the top of the pouch cells 200; the second heat insulation component 400 is strip-shaped, with the lower part of each second heat insulation component 400 sandwiched in the gap between the upper parts of the large surfaces of two adjacent pouch cells 200, and its bottom contacting the top of the first heat insulation component 300; the cover plate 500 is disposed on the top of the second heat insulation component 400 (see...). Figure 2 The bottom of the cover plate 500 is connected to the top of the second heat insulation component 400. The cover plate 500 is provided with multiple exhaust ports 510. An exhaust channel is formed between two adjacent second heat insulation components 400, the first heat insulation component 300, the cover plate 500 and the module housing 100. Each exhaust port 510 is provided in correspondence with the exhaust channel.

[0028] The battery module of this application embodiment includes a module housing 100, multiple pouch cells 200, a first heat insulation component 300, a second heat insulation component 400, and a cover plate 500. The first heat insulation component 300 is sandwiched between the large surfaces of at least two adjacent pouch cells 200, reducing heat conduction between the large surfaces of the pouch cells 200. The multiple second heat insulation components 400 divide the space enclosed by the cover plate 500, the first heat insulation component 300, and the module housing 100 into multiple exhaust channels. When one of the pouch cells 200 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature fumes and particles emitted from its top are confined to a single exhaust channel by the second heat insulation components 400. The placement of the second heat insulation components 400 controls the direction of the high-temperature fumes and particles emitted from the top of the pouch cells 200, preventing the scouring and accumulation of high-temperature fumes and particles from the top of the pouch cells 200 in a direction perpendicular to the large surfaces of the pouch cells 200. The exhaust port 510 on the cover plate 500 is set to correspond with the exhaust channel, so that the high-temperature smoke and high-temperature particles emitted from the top of the soft-pack cell 200 can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust port 510. This reduces the heat transfer of the high-temperature smoke and particles from the thermally runaway soft-pack cell 200 to other soft-pack cells 200, minimizes the impact on other soft-pack cells 200, and reduces the risk of thermal spread of the battery module.

[0029] The two ends of the second heat insulation component 400 are as close as possible to the side wall of the module housing 100 of the battery module in the length direction, so as to better block high-temperature flue gas and particulate matter and reduce the risk of heat spread of the battery module.

[0030] In some embodiments of this application, a second heat insulation member 400 is compressibly disposed between the first heat insulation member 300 and the cover plate 500 in the thickness direction of the battery module. The second heat insulation member 400 has a certain degree of support and flexibility. In its natural state, its height is slightly greater than the distance from the top of the first heat insulation member 300 to the bottom of the cover plate 500, so as to ensure that the top of the second heat insulation member 400 can reach the bottom of the cover plate 500. The second heat insulation member 400 deforms under the downward pressure of the cover plate 500 and is compressed by the cover plate 500 and the first heat insulation member 300, so that the second heat insulation member 400 is in close contact with the first heat insulation member 300 and the cover plate 500. This makes the sealing of the exhaust channel formed by the second heat insulation member 400 stronger, thereby better controlling the direction of the high-temperature smoke and high-temperature particles ejected from the top of the thermal runaway soft-pack battery cell 200 and reducing the risk of affecting other soft-pack battery cells 200.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, one or two pouch cells 200 are disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation members 400 to ensure that when a pouch cell 200 experiences thermal runaway, the number of affected pouch cells 200 is controlled to be no more than two, thereby reducing the risk of thermal propagation of the battery module. Figure 3 As shown, two soft-pack battery cells 200 are disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation components 400.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, a first heat insulation element 300 is provided between the outermost pouch cell 200 and the side wall of the module housing 100. This effectively reduces the heat conduction from the pouch cell 200 to the module housing 100, preventing the module housing 100 from overheating. Especially in the event of thermal runaway of the pouch cell 200, the first heat insulation element 300 can delay heat diffusion and reduce the risk of overall module runaway.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, the heat resistance temperature of the second heat insulation component 400 is greater than 800°C to ensure that the second heat insulation component 400 will not fail at high temperatures, thus ensuring its operational reliability and effectively reducing the risk of thermal spread of the battery module.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, in the extension direction perpendicular to the second heat insulation member 400, the size of the exhaust port 510 is one-third to one-half of the distance between two adjacent second heat insulation members 400; in the direction parallel to the second heat insulation member 400, the size of the exhaust port 510 is one-third to one-half of the length of the second heat insulation member 400. In the direction parallel to the second heat insulation member 400, multiple exhaust ports 510 may also be provided in the exhaust channel between two adjacent second heat insulation members 400. In this case, the size of the exhaust port 510 is the total size of the multiple exhaust ports 510 in the direction parallel to the second heat insulation member 400.

[0035] If the size of the exhaust port 510 is too large, it will reduce the rigidity of the cover plate 500. If the size of the exhaust port 510 is too small, it will affect the smooth discharge of high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature particulate matter. By setting it within the above range, it is possible to ensure that the high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature particulate matter can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust port 510 while ensuring the rigidity of the cover plate 500.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, the exhaust port 510 may be rectangular, circular, or elliptical. In one embodiment, the exhaust port 510 is elongated and extends along the extension direction of the second heat insulation member 400 to maximize its area and improve the efficiency of high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature particulate matter discharge.

[0037] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is another exploded structural diagram of the battery module according to an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the battery module further includes multiple thermally conductive structural adhesives 600, which are spaced apart along the extending direction of the second heat insulation member 400. Each thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 is divided into multiple segments, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, each segment of thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 is disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation components 400, or between the second heat insulation component 400 and the side wall of the module housing 100. Each segment of thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 is in contact with the side of the second heat insulation component 400, the bottom of the cover plate (not shown in the figure), and the top of the soft-pack battery cell 200.

[0038] The thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 serves two purposes: firstly, it helps to secure the second thermal insulation component 400; secondly, after the cover plate 500 is installed, it fills the gap between the top of the pouch cell 200 and the cover plate 500, thereby longitudinally securing the pouch cell 200. The thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 divides each exhaust channel into multiple areas, thus confining the high-temperature fumes and particles emitted from the top of the pouch cell 200 to a smaller area, further reducing the risk of thermal spread within the battery module.

[0039] In some embodiments of this application, the thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 can be prepared by segmented application.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives 600 divide the exhaust channel into multiple regions, with each exhaust port 510 corresponding to each region. That is, within the same exhaust channel, each pair of adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives 600 forms a region, and each region has one exhaust port 510. An exhaust port 510 is also provided between every two second thermal insulation components 400. Each region has at least one exhaust port 510 to ensure that high-temperature fumes and high-temperature particles emitted from the top of the soft-pack battery cell 200 in that region can be smoothly discharged.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, there are four thermally conductive structural adhesives 600, and each exhaust channel is divided into three areas.

[0042] When thermally conductive structural adhesive 600 is provided, in the extending direction of the second thermal insulation member 400, the size of the vent 510 is one-third to one-half of the distance between two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives 600.

[0043] Preferably, each area is provided with an exhaust port 510, which is located at the center of the corresponding area to reduce the impact of high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature particulate matter on other areas when they are discharged.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, the battery module further includes an insulating film 700, which serves both as insulation and IP (Ingress Protection) level protection. In one embodiment, the insulating film 700 can be a PET insulating film with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and is fixed to the bottom of the cover plate 500 by adhesive. The PET (polyethylene terephthalate) insulating film will melt under high temperature conditions above 180°C. When the soft-pack battery cell 200 experiences thermal failure, the temperature will reach above 200°C. This ensures that when the soft-pack battery cell 200 experiences thermal failure, the PET insulating film 700 can melt to expose the exhaust port 510, ensuring that high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature particulate matter can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust port 510.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the first heat insulation element 300 is made of foam, which has good heat insulation effect and can play a certain role in cushioning; the second heat insulation element 400 is made of elastic insulating material, which is any one of ceramic fiber composite material, high silica glass fiber composite material and mica-glass fiber composite material. Therefore, the second heat insulation element 400 can be compressed by the first heat insulation element 300 and the cover plate 500, so that the second heat insulation element 400 can be tightly connected with the first heat insulation element 300 and the cover plate 500, so as to have a better effect of blocking the spread of high temperature flue gas and particulate matter between the top of the soft-pack battery cell 200.

[0046] The elastic insulating material is any one of ceramic fiber composite material, high silica glass fiber composite material and mica-glass fiber composite material, with a long-term temperature resistance upper limit of 800℃-1200℃. The resulting second heat insulation component 400 has good elasticity, insulation, heat resistance and support, which can ensure that the second heat insulation component 400 has good working stability.

[0047] See Table 1, which is a material property table provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Table 1

[0049] Among these, flexibility refers to the ratio of the bending radius of a composite strip with a circular cross-section made of the material to the diameter of the composite strip itself. Weather resistance refers to the degree to which the material resists moisture and vibration.

[0050] The second heat insulation component 400 in this embodiment is applicable to battery module design, and also to the pack design of CTP (Cell To Pack) soft-pack batteries. A first heat insulation component and a second heat insulation component are provided in the CTP battery pack. The first heat insulation component is sheet-shaped and is sandwiched between the large surfaces of at least two adjacent soft-pack cells in the CTP battery pack, with the top of the first heat insulation component lower than the top of the soft-pack cell. The second heat insulation component is elongated, with the lower part of each second heat insulation component sandwiched in the gap between the upper surfaces of two adjacent soft-pack cells in the CTP battery pack, and its bottom contacting the top of the first heat insulation component. A battery pack cover is provided on the top of the battery pack shell, with the bottom of the battery pack cover contacting the top of the second heat insulation component.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that, include: Module housing (100); Multiple pouch cells (200) are stacked and arranged side-by-side in the module housing (100) along a direction perpendicular to their large surfaces; The first heat insulation element (300) is sheet-shaped and is sandwiched between the large surfaces of at least two adjacent pouch cells (200). The top of the first heat insulation element (300) is lower than the top of the pouch cell (200). The second heat insulation element (400) is a long strip. The lower part of each second heat insulation element (400) is sandwiched in the gap between the upper part of the large surface of two adjacent soft-pack battery cells (200), and its bottom is connected to the top of the first heat insulation element (300). A cover plate (500) is disposed on the top of the module housing (100), the bottom of the cover plate (500) is connected to the top of the second heat insulation member (400), and the cover plate (500) is provided with a plurality of exhaust ports (510). An exhaust channel is formed between two adjacent second heat insulation components (400), the first heat insulation component (300), the cover plate (500), and the module housing (100), and each exhaust port (510) is provided corresponding to the exhaust channel.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the thickness direction of the battery module, the second heat insulation member (400) is compressibly disposed between the first heat insulation member (300) and the cover plate (500).

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, One or two of the pouch cells (200) are disposed between two adjacent second thermal insulation members (400).

4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat insulation element (300) is provided between the large surface of the outermost soft-pack battery cell (200) and the side wall of the module housing (100).

5. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat resistance temperature of the second heat insulation component (400) is greater than 800℃.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction perpendicular to the extension of the second heat insulation member (400), the size of the vent (510) is one-third to one-half of the distance between two adjacent second heat insulation members (400), and in the direction parallel to the second heat insulation member (400), the size of the vent (510) is one-third to one-half of the length of the second heat insulation member (400).

7. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module also includes multiple thermally conductive structural adhesive strips (600), which are spaced apart in the extension direction of the second heat insulation component (400). Each thermally conductive structural adhesive strip (600) is divided into multiple segments, and each segment of the thermally conductive structural adhesive strip (600) is disposed between two adjacent second heat insulation components (400) or between the second heat insulation component (400) and the side wall of the module housing (100). Each segment of the thermally conductive structural adhesive strip (600) is in contact with the side of the second heat insulation component (400), the bottom of the cover plate (500), and the top of the soft-pack battery cell (200).

8. The battery module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives (600) divide the exhaust channel into multiple regions, and each exhaust port (510) is provided corresponding to each region.

9. The battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the extending direction of the second thermal insulation member (400), the size of the vent (510) is one-third to one-half the distance between two adjacent thermally conductive structural adhesives (600).

10. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module also includes an insulating film (700), which is disposed at the bottom of the cover plate (500). The bottom of the insulating film (700) is in contact with the second heat insulation member (400), and the top of the insulating film (700) covers the plurality of exhaust ports (510).

11. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat insulation component (300) is made of foam; The material of the second heat insulation component (400) is an elastic insulating material, which is any one of ceramic fiber composite material, high silica glass fiber composite material or mica-glass fiber composite material.

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