A power distribution internet fault protection recording and measuring device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522007828.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-18
AI Technical Summary
[0003]现有故障保护录波技术方案存在以下问题：1)现有的故障保护录波检测方案采集的主要来源于计量有效值，该计量有效值刷新率周期过长
[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: A novel power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device can measure multiple power grid parameters such as overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, short circuit, and temperature. It designs related fault protection and waveform recording detection circuits, uses a high-speed SPI interface in conjunction with software algorithms to perform real-time detection of voltage and current signals. When an abnormal fault signal is detected, the fault signal is compared, and fault protection is then implemented. Waveform recording data is also processed and saved, thereby ensuring power safety and facilitating fault analysis. This utility model provides a fault protection waveform recording and measurement scheme for three-phase four-wire power distribution systems, with advantages such as simple hardware design, flexible operation, timely response, reliable data acquisition, and ease of fault analysis and protection.
Smart Images
Figure CN224733440U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power technology, and in particular to a power distribution IoT fault protection waveform measurement device. Background Technology
[0002] In three-phase four-wire power distribution systems, faults occur frequently, and after a fault occurs, voltage and current fluctuations are large, often resulting in widespread damage to user equipment. Fault recording is a power grid fault measurement system based on fault recording information. Used in power systems, it can automatically and accurately record the changes in various electrical quantities before and after a fault occurs. By analyzing and comparing these electrical quantities, it plays an important role in analyzing and handling faults, determining whether protection systems have operated correctly, and improving the safe operation level of the power system.
[0003] Existing fault protection waveform recording technologies have the following problems: 1) Existing fault protection waveform recording detection schemes mainly collect data from metering effective values, which have excessively long refresh rates. 2) Existing fault protection waveform recording detection schemes cannot synchronize waveform data processing when a fault occurs, resulting in inconsistencies with the fault signal, insufficient frequency retention, and inaccurate or insufficient data retention. 3) Existing fault protection waveform recording detection schemes have slow source refresh rates, failing to meet the requirement for fault protection to respond within milliseconds, thus causing data acquisition delays and fault protection delays. 4) Due to the long source refresh rates, existing fault protection waveform recording detection schemes cannot collect waveform data before and after a fault, hindering accurate fault cause analysis.
[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a power distribution IoT fault protection waveform measurement device that can respond promptly, acquire reliable data, and facilitate fault analysis and fault protection. Utility Model Content
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a power distribution IoT fault protection waveform measurement device that can respond promptly, acquire reliable data, and facilitate fault analysis and fault protection.
[0006] This application provides a power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device, including an MCU unit, a storage unit, an ADC acquisition unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a communication unit, a display unit, and an input / output control unit. The MCU unit is connected to the storage unit, the ADC acquisition unit, the communication unit, the display unit, and the input / output control unit. The ADC acquisition unit is connected to the current sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit. The ADC acquisition unit outputs a half-wave synchronous data signal to the MCU unit through a high-speed digital output port. The input / output control unit is used to perform protection operation control when a protection event occurs.
[0007] According to some embodiments, the MCU unit receives half-wave synchronization waveform data every 10ms via interrupt triggering, constructs recorded waveform data, and stores the recorded waveform data in the storage unit; it identifies the synchronization waveform, calculates the full-wave effective value, performs fault judgment, and saves the protection event and processes and saves the recorded waveform after confirming the fault occurrence; it controls the LCD screen to display the fault event result through the display unit, transmits the fault event and recorded waveform data through the communication module, and performs protection operations through the input / output control unit.
[0008] According to some embodiments, the ADC acquisition unit acquires the three-phase current and voltage signals processed by the current sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit at 128 points per cycle and quantizes them into digital data.
[0009] According to some embodiments, the high-speed digital output port is configured to 3.125MHz, uses an SPI serial peripheral interface, and actively pushes half-wave synchronous sampling waveform data of 7 channels every 10ms using DMA direct memory access.
[0010] According to some embodiments, the step of constructing the waveform data is as follows: input half-wave waveform data every 10ms, the half-wave waveform data includes measured data of 7 channels, each channel includes 64 sampling points, and each sampling point data is 3 bytes; extract 16 sampling points at equal intervals from the half-wave waveform data of each channel to construct the waveform data.
[0011] According to some embodiments, the current sampling unit includes three sets of current detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase current signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected current signals to the ADC acquisition unit; the current detection circuit includes a current transformer, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to sample, filter, and perform anti-aliasing processing on the current signal, respectively.
[0012] According to some embodiments, the voltage sampling unit includes three sets of voltage detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase voltage signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected voltage signals to the ADC acquisition unit; the voltage detection circuit includes a step-down voltage regulation circuit, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to perform step-down voltage regulation, filtering, and anti-aliasing processing on the voltage signals, respectively.
[0013] According to some embodiments, the input / output control unit includes a switching circuit, a protection circuit, and a relay circuit. The control terminal of the switching circuit receives the control signal sent by the MCU unit, and connects or disconnects the relay coil of the relay circuit under the protection of the protection circuit, thereby realizing the engagement and release of the relay contacts and performing protection operation control.
[0014] According to some embodiments, the communication unit consists of an RS485 transceiver chip and peripheral circuitry, used to implement RS485 communication.
[0015] According to some embodiments, the display unit includes an LCD driving control circuit, a power supply circuit, and a backlight driving circuit, used to control an external display screen via an IIC serial communication bus.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: A novel power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device can measure multiple power grid parameters such as overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, short circuit, and temperature. It designs related fault protection and waveform recording detection circuits, uses a high-speed SPI interface in conjunction with software algorithms to perform real-time detection of voltage and current signals. When an abnormal fault signal is detected, the fault signal is compared, and fault protection is then implemented. Waveform recording data is also processed and saved, thereby ensuring power safety and facilitating fault analysis. This utility model provides a fault protection waveform recording and measurement scheme for three-phase four-wire power distribution systems, with advantages such as simple hardware design, flexible operation, timely response, reliable data acquisition, and ease of fault analysis and protection. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 A block diagram of a power distribution IoT fault protection waveform measurement device according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0019] Figure 2 A current sampling circuit diagram according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0020] Figure 3 A voltage sampling circuit diagram according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0021] Figure 4 An input / output control circuit diagram according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0022] Figure 5 A communication circuit diagram according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0023] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of a display unit according to an example embodiment is shown.
[0024] Figure 7 The original 128-point cycle waveform diagram of the fault protection waveform recording according to the example embodiment is shown.
[0025] Figure 8 The diagram shows the cycle waveform after 16 points of fault protection recording according to an example embodiment.
[0026] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the construction and storage of waveform recordings according to an example embodiment is shown. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0028] Those skilled in the art should understand that the following specific embodiments or implementation methods are a series of optimized configurations listed in this application to further explain the specific application content. These configuration methods can be combined or used in conjunction with each other, unless this application explicitly states that some or a specific embodiment or implementation method cannot be associated with or used in conjunction with other embodiments or implementation methods. Furthermore, the following specific embodiments or implementation methods are only considered as optimized configurations and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a novel power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device includes an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), a storage unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, an ADC (Analog-Digital Converter) acquisition unit, a communication unit, a display unit, and an input / output control unit. The MCU unit is connected to the storage unit, the ADC acquisition unit, the communication unit, the display unit, and the input / output control unit. The ADC acquisition unit is connected to the current sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit. The ADC acquisition unit outputs a half-wave synchronous data signal to the MCU unit through an HSDO (High-Speed Digital Output) port. The input / output control unit is used for protection operation control when a protection event occurs.
[0031] The ADC acquisition unit uses RN8306, which acquires three-phase signals at 128 points per cycle and quantizes them into digital data. The HSDO high-speed data output port is configured to 3.125MHz, and outputs half-wave synchronous sampling waveform data of 7 channels (three-phase voltage, three-phase current, and neutral current) every 10ms. It is controlled by the SPI serial peripheral interface hardware interface and uses DMA direct memory access mode for high-speed data output.
[0032] Under DMA direct memory access (high-speed data capture) reception management, the MCU unit uses the half-wave synchronous sampling input of the HSDO high-speed digital output pin to identify the synchronous waveform through software algorithms, and then calculates the full-wave effective value through the half-wave sliding algorithm. The fault is judged by comparing the voltage and current fault conditions with the fault threshold parameters. If the fault is confirmed, the protection event is saved and the recorded waveform is processed and saved. Finally, the recorded waveform data can be transmitted to the outside through the communication module, and the local query fault event and the protection operation implemented by the IO input / output control unit can be displayed on the LCD screen.
[0033] The MCU unit, model HC32F4A0, is triggered by an interrupt on the CS (Chip Select) pin. It receives half-wave synchronous waveform data every 10ms based on the current frequency, processes the fault waveform data, and constructs and saves the recorded waveform data based on the cycle waveform data. Simultaneously, the results are displayed on the LCD screen. The communication module transmits fault event and recorded waveform data information, and the I / O input / output control unit performs protection operations.
[0034] Half-wave waveform data is input every 10ms, containing measured data from 7 channels. Each channel includes a data structure of 192 bytes (64 points), with each point being 3 bytes in size. Figure 9As shown. In this way, a complete cycle waveform can be formed every 20ms, with each channel containing 128 points and a total of 384 bytes of data. The waveform's trend characteristics are as follows. Figure 7 The fault protection waveform recording shows the original 128-point cycle waveform. The waveform data can be analyzed by extracting a certain number of points from the complete cycle waveform data structure to determine its trend characteristics. The design is based on extracting 16 data points from each channel to construct the waveform data. The trend characteristics of this waveform are as follows: Figure 8 The waveform diagram after sampling 16 points in the fault protection waveform recording is shown. The diagram illustrates that sampling 16 points ensures the operational trend of the waveform data while reducing the data structure size, resulting in better system performance in terms of operating costs and storage space. This ensures functionality in both time and space constraints. Of course, for more detailed data, the sampling number can be configured to 32 points or more, providing more detailed data, but inevitably increasing operating costs and storage space.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the current sampling unit includes three sets of current detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase current signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected current signals to the ADC acquisition unit. The current detection circuit includes a current transformer, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to sample, filter, and perform anti-aliasing processing on the current signal, respectively.
[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the voltage sampling unit includes three sets of voltage detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase voltage signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected voltage signals to the ADC acquisition unit. The voltage detection circuit includes a step-down voltage regulation circuit, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to perform step-down voltage regulation, filtering, and anti-aliasing processing on the voltage signal, respectively.
[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the input / output control unit includes a switching circuit, a protection circuit, and a relay circuit. The control terminal of the switching circuit receives the control signal sent by the MCU unit, and under the protection of the protection circuit, connects or disconnects the relay coil of the relay circuit to realize the engagement and release of the relay contacts and perform protection operation control.
[0038] like Figure 5As shown, the communication unit consists of an RS485 transceiver chip and peripheral circuitry, used to implement RS485 communication. The communication unit connects externally via a 485 bus, supporting the DL / T645-2007 protocol and the MODBUS RTU protocol. It can trace back protection events and waveform recording events from the background, and can also directly query the current protection trigger event and receive waveform recording data, using tools to create graphical representations, facilitating fault phenomenon analysis.
[0039] like Figure 6 As shown, the display unit includes an LCD driving control circuit, a power supply circuit, and a backlight driving circuit, which are used to control the external display screen via the IIC serial communication bus and to query and display fault event record information through the display screen.
[0040] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device, characterized in that, It includes an MCU unit, a storage unit, an ADC acquisition unit, a current sampling unit, a voltage sampling unit, a communication unit, a display unit, and an input / output control unit; the MCU unit is connected to the storage unit, the ADC acquisition unit, the communication unit, the display unit, and the input / output control unit; the ADC acquisition unit is connected to the current sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit; the ADC acquisition unit outputs a half-wave synchronous data signal to the MCU unit through a high-speed digital output port; and the input / output control unit is used to perform protection operation control when a protection event occurs.
2. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU unit is triggered by an interrupt, receives half-wave synchronization waveform data every 10ms, constructs recorded waveform data, and stores the recorded waveform data into the storage unit; The system identifies the synchronous waveform, calculates the effective value of the full waveform, performs fault judgment, and saves the protection event and processed and saved the recorded waveform after confirming the fault occurrence. The display unit controls the LCD screen to display the fault event result, the communication unit transmits the fault event and recorded waveform data, and the input / output control unit performs protection operations.
3. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ADC acquisition unit acquires the three-phase current and voltage signals processed by the current sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit at 128 points per cycle and quantizes them into digital data.
4. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The high-speed digital output port is configured to 3.125MHz and uses an SPI serial peripheral interface. Every 10ms, it actively pushes half-wave synchronous sampling waveform data of 7 channels in DMA direct memory access mode.
5. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps for constructing the waveform data are as follows: input half-wave waveform data every 10ms. The half-wave waveform data contains measured data from 7 channels. Each channel includes 64 sampling points, and each sampling point is 3 bytes. Extract 16 sampling points from the half-wave waveform data of each channel at equal intervals to construct the waveform data.
6. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current sampling unit includes three sets of current detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase current signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected current signals to the ADC acquisition unit. The current detection circuit includes a current transformer, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to sample, filter, and perform anti-aliasing processing on the current signal, respectively.
7. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage sampling unit includes three sets of voltage detection circuits, which respectively detect and process the three-phase voltage signals of the power grid (A, B, and C), and send the detected voltage signals to the ADC acquisition unit. The voltage detection circuit includes a step-down voltage regulation circuit, a filter circuit, and an anti-aliasing circuit, which are used to perform step-down voltage regulation, filtering, and anti-aliasing processing on the voltage signal, respectively.
8. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input / output control unit includes a switching circuit, a protection circuit, and a relay circuit. The control terminal of the switching circuit receives the control signal sent by the MCU unit, and connects or disconnects the relay coil of the relay circuit under the protection of the protection circuit, thereby realizing the engagement and release of the relay contacts and performing protection operation control.
9. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication unit consists of an RS485 transceiver chip and peripheral circuitry, and is used to implement RS485 communication.
10. The power distribution IoT fault protection waveform recording and measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display unit includes an LCD driving control circuit, a power supply circuit, and a backlight driving circuit, which are used to control the external display screen via the IIC serial communication bus.