Composite starting power supply

Abstract

This utility model discloses a composite starting power supply, including a housing containing a supercapacitor management system connected to a composite module and a bipolar contactor. The housing also includes a control panel and a starting power output port connected to the bipolar contactor. This composite starting power supply has an extended applicable temperature range of -40℃ to +70℃, far exceeding that of lead-acid batteries. In the same volume, it achieves an energy of 720Wh and a capacity of 30Ah, which are 1.8 times and 1.875 times that of lead-acid batteries of the same volume, respectively. Its weight is ≤20kg, only 44% of that of lead-acid batteries. The cold start current reaches 2963A, 9.8 times that of lead-acid batteries, and the starting voltage is stable at ≥16.8V. It has a cycle life of 15,000 cycles and a self-discharge rate of <3% / month, which are 30-50 times and less than 1 / 3 of that of lead-acid batteries, respectively. It also possesses safety features such as overcharge and over-discharge resistance and shock and vibration resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of starting power supply equipment, and relates to composite starting power supplies. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, lead-acid batteries are still the mainstream starting power supply on the market, but this solution has obvious limitations: in low-temperature environments, not only will the starting current decrease sharply, but the battery capacity will also decrease significantly. These problems limit the application of lead-acid batteries in the field of starting power supply to some extent.

[0003] To address the problem that lead-acid batteries, as the primary type of starting power supply, suffer from low cold-start current and significant capacity decay at low temperatures, thus failing to start internal combustion engines properly, a composite starting power supply is proposed that can replace traditional lead-acid batteries. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite starting power supply, which solves the problems of low cold start current and capacity decay in existing starting power supplies based on lead-acid batteries at low temperatures.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is a composite starting power supply, including a housing, a supercapacitor management system installed inside the housing, the supercapacitor management system being connected to a composite module and a bipolar contactor respectively; a control panel and a starting power output port are installed on the housing, the starting power output port being connected to the bipolar contactor.

[0006] The features of this utility model also include: The power supply output port includes a positive power supply output port and a negative power supply output port. The positive power supply output port is connected to the positive terminal of the composite module through the positive terminal of the bipolar contactor.

[0007] The negative terminal of the power supply output is connected to the negative terminal of the composite module via the negative terminal of the bipolar contactor; a Hall sensor is connected between the negative terminal of the bipolar contactor and the negative terminal of the composite module.

[0008] The composite module includes several composite modules connected in series, and each composite module includes a supercapacitor and a lithium titanate battery connected in parallel.

[0009] The control panel includes LED (Light Emitting Diode) digital displays and function switches.

[0010] The supercapacitor management system includes a power supply module, which is connected to a sampling module, an equalization module, an I / O (Input / Output) module, and a control unit. The sampling module is connected to the supercapacitor and the control unit, the equalization module is connected to the supercapacitor and the control unit, and the I / O module is connected to the control unit and the supercapacitor management system.

[0011] The power supply module includes a DC-DC (Direct Current to Direct Current) step-down circuit, which is connected to the input stage circuit, the LDO (Low Dropout Regulator) voltage regulator circuit, and the filter network. The filter network includes electrolytic capacitors and ceramic capacitors connected in series.

[0012] The sampling module includes a temperature sampling circuit, which is connected to a voltage sampling circuit, a total voltage sampling circuit, and an AFE (Analog Front End) circuit.

[0013] The equalization module includes several equalization branches, which are connected in parallel with the supercapacitor. Each equalization branch includes a series-connected equalization MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) and an equalization resistor. The equalization branch is connected in series with the current-limiting resistor and in parallel with the freewheeling diode.

[0014] The supercapacitor management system also includes an electromagnetic interference suppression module and a power switching module.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention expands the applicable temperature range to -40℃ to +70℃, far exceeding that of lead-acid batteries; with the same volume, it has an energy of 720Wh and a capacity of 30Ah, which are 1.8 times and 1.875 times that of lead-acid batteries of the same volume, respectively; its weight is ≤20kg, only 44% of that of lead-acid batteries; its cold start current reaches 2963A, which is 9.8 times that of lead-acid batteries, and its start voltage is stable at ≥16.8V; its cycle life is 15,000 cycles, and its self-discharge rate is <3% / month, which are 30-50 times and less than 1 / 3 of that of lead-acid batteries, respectively; it also has safety characteristics such as overcharge and over-discharge resistance and shock and vibration resistance, making it comprehensively superior to traditional lead-acid starting batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a composite starting power supply in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a composite starting power supply in one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor management system in one embodiment.

[0017] In the diagram, 1. Composite module; 2. Supercapacitor; 3. Lithium titanate battery; 4. Supercapacitor management system; 401. Sampling module; 402. Equalization module; 403. I / O module; 404. Control unit; 405. Power module; 5. Positive terminal of bipolar contactor; 6. Negative terminal of bipolar contactor; 7. Hall sensor; 8. Positive output port of power supply; 9. Negative output port of power supply; 10. LED digital tube; 11. Function switch. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment proposes a composite startup power supply, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a housing, inside which is a supercapacitor management system 4, which is connected to the composite module 1 and a bipolar contactor. The housing is equipped with a control panel and a power output port, which is connected to the bipolar contactor.

[0020] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment proposes a power supply output port including a positive power supply output port 8 and a negative power supply output port 9. The positive power supply output port 8 is connected to the positive terminal of the composite module 1 via the positive terminal of a bipolar contactor 5. The negative power supply output port 9 is connected to the negative terminal of the composite module 1 via the negative terminal of a bipolar contactor 6; a Hall sensor 7 is connected between the negative terminal of the bipolar contactor 6 and the negative terminal of the composite module 1.

[0021] Example 3 Based on Example 1, this example proposes a composite module 1 comprising several composite modules connected in series, each composite module including a supercapacitor 2 and a lithium titanate battery 3 connected in parallel. The control panel includes an LED digital tube 10 and a function on / off switch 11.

[0022] Example 4 Based on Example 1, such as Figure 3As shown, this embodiment proposes a supercapacitor management system 4 including a power supply module 405. The power supply module 405 is connected to a sampling module 401, an equalization module 402, an I / O module 403, and a control unit 404. The sampling module 401 is connected to the supercapacitor 2 and the control unit 404. The equalization module 402 is connected to the supercapacitor 2 and the control unit 404. The I / O module 403 is connected to the control unit 404 and the supercapacitor management system 4.

[0023] Example 5 Based on Embodiment 4, this embodiment proposes a power supply module 405 including a DC-DC step-down circuit, which is connected to the input stage circuit, the LDO regulator circuit, and the filter network. The filter network includes an electrolytic capacitor and a ceramic capacitor connected in series. A sampling module 401 includes a temperature sampling circuit, which is connected to the voltage sampling circuit, the total voltage sampling circuit, and the AFE circuit. An equalization module 402 includes several equalization branches, each connected in parallel with the supercapacitor 2. Each equalization branch includes a series-connected equalization MOSFET and an equalization resistor; the equalization branch is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and in parallel with a freewheeling diode.

[0024] Example 6 Based on Example 1, this example proposes that the supercapacitor management system 4 also includes an anti-electromagnetic interference module and a power switching module.

[0025] In one embodiment of this utility model, the enclosure is made of 5052 aluminum alloy with a thickness of 4mm and external dimensions of 286×385×185mm. The protection level is ≥IP (Ingress Protection) 67. After passivation treatment, the surface of the 5052 aluminum alloy enclosure can meet the requirement of no rust after 48 hours of salt spray test in GB / T10125-2021.

[0026] The circuit structure of the power module 405 in one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Input stage circuit: The input terminal of the supercapacitor management system is connected in series with a fuse, a reverse connection protection diode, and a TVS diode (Transient Voltage Suppressor) to achieve overcurrent / reverse connection / surge protection.

[0027] DC-DC buck circuit: It adopts a flyback topology to reduce the input voltage to 5V to power the subsequent circuit.

[0028] LDO voltage regulator circuit: The linear regulator AMS1117-3.3V is used to reduce the voltage from 5V to 3.3V, providing a stable digital power supply for the MCU (Microcontroller Unit), AFE circuit, and communication interface.

[0029] Filtering network: A large-capacity electrolytic capacitor and a small-capacity ceramic capacitor are connected in parallel at each power output stage to filter out ripple.

[0030] The circuit structure of the sampling module 401 in one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Voltage sampling circuit: The individual voltages of ten supercapacitors are connected to the AFE sampling chip ADBMS1818 through a high-precision voltage divider resistor network to achieve isolated acquisition of individual voltages.

[0031] Temperature sampling circuit: A series voltage divider circuit of multiple NTC thermistors (Negative Temperature Coefficient) is connected to the ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) channel of the AFE circuit to collect module / ambient temperature.

[0032] Total voltage sampling circuit: The total voltage of the capacitor is divided by a high resistance value and then connected to the MCU and ADC to realize the monitoring of the total voltage of the system.

[0033] The circuit structure of the equalization module 402 in one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Passive balancing topology: Each supercapacitor 2 is connected in parallel with the balancing branch.

[0034] Drive logic: The MCU outputs PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) or I / O signals through the AFE circuit to drive the MOSFET to conduct, and consumes excess power of the individual transistors through resistors to achieve voltage balance.

[0035] Protection circuit: Each equalization branch is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and in parallel with a freewheeling diode to prevent damage to the MOSFET due to overvoltage.

[0036] The circuit structure of the control unit 404 in one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Minimum MCU system: main control chip + external crystal oscillator (8MHz + reset circuit + BOOT (Bootstrap) circuit).

[0037] Storage circuit: External Flash (Flash Memory) is used to store system parameters and fault logs.

[0038] Watchdog circuit: An independent watchdog chip prevents the program from crashing and enables system reset.

[0039] The circuit structure of the I / O module 403 in one embodiment of this utility model is as follows: Communication interfaces: CAN (Controller Area Network) bus interface, UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) debugging interface.

[0040] External connectors: enable external connections for power, communication, and control signals.

[0041] Status indication: LED indicator circuit, connected to the MCU's I / O pins through a current-limiting resistor, displays power / fault / operation status.

[0042] In this invention, the composite starter power supply is initially charged to full capacity via the positive output port 8 and the negative output port 9. The original lead-acid battery of the vehicle or construction machinery is then removed. The positive output port 8 of the starter power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the original lead-acid battery, and the negative output port 9 is connected to the negative terminal. Alternatively, the positive output port 8 and the negative output port 9 of the composite starter power supply can be connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the original lead-acid battery. Press and hold the function power button 11 on the control panel for three seconds to power on or off the system. After powering on, the LED digital tube 10 displays the system status. Pressing the function power button 11 briefly for one second will either turn the LED digital tube 10 off or on.

[0043] In one embodiment of this utility model, the overall weight of the composite starting power supply is ≤20kg, the operating temperature range is -43℃ to 70℃, the peak output current is ≥2000A (lasting 3s), the capacity is ≥30Ah, the self-discharge rate is <3% / month, and it meets the GJB150A impact and vibration test requirements. The output port of the composite starting power supply adopts a foolproof design; the plug must be slid in a specific direction to be fully inserted.

[0044] In one embodiment of this utility model, the composite module 1 is equipped with a high and low temperature resistant insulating buffer material. The lithium titanate battery 3 and the supercapacitor 2 are connected in parallel and then in series through a bracket and a busbar, which fully utilizes the parameter characteristics of the lithium titanate battery 3 and the supercapacitor 2 to achieve their collaborative work. Both the lithium titanate battery 3 and the supercapacitor 2 are cylindrical units. Before laser welding, they need to be fixed on the mounting bracket, and then the busbar is installed for laser welding. The mounting bracket can be made of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) material frame spliced ​​with mortise and tenon joints. Because there is a large voltage difference between the lithium titanate battery 3 and the supercapacitor 2, the supercapacitor 2 needs to be pre-charged to a voltage difference of ≤0.1V before the lithium titanate battery 3 and the supercapacitor 2 are connected in parallel in the composite module 1. The parallel connection should be completed within 2 minutes after the pre-charging is completed. The composite module 1 can adopt a 2P10S structure, that is, 10 parallel units of lithium titanate battery 3 and supercapacitor 2 are connected in series to form an overall module. The module output voltage is 24V and the energy is ≥720Wh.

[0045] In one embodiment of this utility model, the composite module 1 can be connected to the positive output port 8 and the negative output port 9 of the power supply via a high-conductivity aluminum busbar, and the circuit resistance of the busbar is ≤5mΩ; the positive output port 8 and the negative output port 9 of the power supply are waterproof terminals and have a foolproof design, and the plug needs to be slid in a specific direction to be fully inserted.

[0046] In one embodiment of this utility model, the lithium titanate battery 3 can be a 2.4V, 30Ah lithium titanate battery of model HXEC2R4D0030AH, with an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃ and a cycle life of ≥15000 cycles; the supercapacitor 2 can be a 3.0V, 3000F supercapacitor of model HXEC2R7D3000Z, with a peak current of ≥2100A (lasting 1s), DC internal resistance of ≤0.15mΩ, and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 65℃.

[0047] In one embodiment of this utility model, the supercapacitor management system 4 collects the voltage, temperature, and module current of the composite module 1, realizing functions such as system individual overvoltage and undervoltage protection, module overvoltage and undervoltage protection, high temperature protection, individual temperature rise protection, module overcurrent protection, contactor malfunction alarm, and system self-test. The supercapacitor management system 4 also has an emergency mode, which can be activated by pressing and holding the function key for a set time. After activation, it prioritizes power supply to the start-up circuit, continuously outputting a current ≥100A for a power supply duration ≥30 minutes. The supercapacitor management system 4 may be equipped with an anti-electromagnetic interference module, which can achieve normal operation under electromagnetic environment level 3 (GJB151B-2013) through shielding layer design.

[0048] In one embodiment of this utility model, the function switch 11 has a self-locking function, which can realize one-button start function. Press and hold the function switch 11 for three seconds to turn the system on or off. Press the function switch 11 for one second to turn off the LED digital tube 10 or turn it on. The LED digital tube 10 displays the current power and voltage of the composite starter power supply. At the same time, the LED digital tube 10 can display the system fault code. If multiple faults occur at the same time, the fault codes are displayed alternately in a cycle.

[0049] In one embodiment of this utility model, two composite starting power supplies are connected in parallel to form a dual-power redundant structure. In the dual-power redundant structure, the composite starting power supplies are the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply. The supercapacitor management system 4 is equipped with a power switching module to monitor the status of the main and auxiliary power supplies in real time. When the main power supply voltage is <20V or an overcurrent fault occurs, it automatically switches to the auxiliary power supply, and the switching time is <0.5 seconds. In the dual-power redundant structure, the bus cross-sectional area is 12mm².

[0050] The composite starting power supply in one embodiment of this utility model differs from a traditional lead-acid battery (a 24V lead-acid battery typically consists of 12 2V cells connected in series, and its volume is approximately 1.8 times that of a composite starting power supply) in the following ways: 1. Larger capacity in the same volume: High energy density materials + compact structural design; In terms of materials: The energy density of lithium titanate battery 3 (volume specific energy 180.7Wh / L, gravimetric specific energy 78.3Wh / kg) far exceeds that of lead-acid battery (volume specific energy ≈50Wh / L, gravimetric specific energy ≈35Wh / kg). The energy of a 30Ah lithium battery pack (10 series) reaches 720Wh (2.4V×30Ah×10), while the energy of a lead-acid battery of the same volume is only about 400Wh. Structurally: It adopts a compact layout with batteries and capacitors connected in parallel in a 1:1 ratio, with no redundant space (the gaps between individual cells are only filled with insulating buffer material), and the outer shell is made of thin aluminum alloy (4mm thick), which saves more volume than the thick steel plate shell (≥8mm) of traditional lead-acid batteries, ultimately achieving a capacity of 1.8 times that of lead-acid batteries in the same volume.

[0051] 2. Higher cold start current: Low impedance capacitor + low loss circuit, adapted to low temperature characteristics; The low impedance advantage of supercapacitor 2: At low temperatures (-40℃), the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of supercapacitor 2 does not increase significantly, and it can release a peak current of 2663A, while the lead-acid battery outputs only about 50A due to the solidification of the electrolyte at low temperatures (conductivity drops sharply below -30℃). Low-loss circuit design: The busbar is directly connected to the individual cells, reducing wiring nodes (traditional lead-acid batteries require multiple sets of wires to connect), the overall circuit resistance is ≤5mΩ, and it releases thousands of amperes of current, fully covering the cold start requirements.

[0052] 3. Longer service life: Cyclic-resistant materials and anti-degradation design reduce the risk of failure; Material cycle resistance characteristics: The lithium titanate battery 3 has a cycle life of 15,000 cycles (lead-acid batteries only 300-500 cycles), and the supercapacitor 2 has a cycle life of 500,000 cycles. Both have no memory effect, do not require full charging and discharging, and are suitable for frequent start-stop scenarios. Anti-attenuation design: Structurally, the individual cells are fixed by limiting components to prevent electrode detachment caused by vibration (lead-acid batteries often fail due to leakage caused by vibration); Electrically, the lithium titanate battery 3 supports overcharge / over-discharge (overcharge to 2.8V and over-discharge to 1.5V will not cause fire), and the supercapacitor 2 remains safe even with a short-circuit current of 11300A, reducing the probability of failure under extreme working conditions, and ultimately achieving a service life of more than 30 times that of lead-acid batteries.

[0053] One embodiment of this invention proposes a starting scheme for a 700kW diesel generator set in an extremely cold region with temperatures as low as -40℃. A composite starting power supply is used, with a focus on verifying its adaptability to low-temperature environments and starting reliability. In this scenario, the starting power supply must meet the requirement of a single starting current ≥2500A and no performance degradation after three consecutive starts. During actual assembly, the composite starting power supply is connected to the generator set's starting circuit via waterproof terminals. The IP67 protection rating of the 5052 aluminum alloy casing protects against outdoor wind and snow, while high and low temperature resistant insulating buffer materials reduce the impact of generator set vibration on the internal units of the module. Test results show that under a constant temperature environment of -40℃, the starting power supply outputs a cold start current of 2963A, and the starting voltage is stably maintained at 17.2V. The generator set is started for the first time in just 0.8 seconds. After three consecutive starts, the module temperature rises to -12℃, the capacity decay rate of lithium titanate battery 3 is less than 3%, and the peak current of supercapacitor 2 does not decrease significantly. This fully meets the emergency starting requirements of diesel generator sets in extremely cold regions and solves the problem that traditional lead-acid batteries cannot start or experience a sudden drop in capacity after starting in this scenario.

[0054] One embodiment of this utility model proposes a solution for replacing lead-acid batteries in a 20-ton excavator with a composite starting power supply, adapting to the excavator's high-frequency start-stop, high-vibration-impact, and dusty operating environment. Considering the excavator's original starting circuit design is compatible with 24V lead-acid batteries, the composite starting power supply is compatible with the original lead-acid battery in terms of output voltage (24V) and installation dimensions (286×385×185mm), eliminating the need to modify the excavator's original mounting bracket. Furthermore, addressing the strong vibration characteristics of excavator operation, in addition to the internal single-unit limiting and fixing within the module, an extra ABS material buffer pad is added to further reduce the impact of vibration on the connection points between the lithium titanate battery and the supercapacitor, meeting the GJB150A impact and vibration test requirements. Actual operation verification: The excavator operated continuously on the construction site for 12 hours, with a total of 28 start-stop cycles. The voltage of the LED digital tube display module remained stable between 23.5-24.2V. After the operation, the module status was checked, and the busbar connection resistance was still ≤5mΩ, with no loosening or oxidation. Compared with traditional lead-acid batteries, this solution reduces the weight by 16kg (the original lead-acid battery weighed about 36kg), reducing the load on the excavator body. At the same time, the cycle life is increased to 15,000 cycles, which is expected to reduce the power supply replacement frequency by 3-5 years and reduce maintenance costs.

[0055] One embodiment of this utility model proposes an emergency start-up power supply solution suitable for small inland waterway vessels (displacement below 500 tons), focusing on safety and corrosion resistance in humid and salt spray environments. In the basic module design, the 5052 aluminum alloy shell undergoes surface passivation treatment to enhance salt spray corrosion resistance (meeting the GB / T10125-2021 requirement of no rust after 48 hours of salt spray testing); the output waterproof terminal uses a fluororubber sealing ring, further improving the waterproof rating to IP68, suitable for humid environments on ship decks or in engine rooms. Simultaneously, considering the special characteristics of ship emergency start-up, an emergency mode is added to the supercapacitor management system: when the ship's main power supply fails, pressing and holding the function power button for 5 seconds activates the emergency power supply, prioritizing power supply to the main engine start-up circuit, with a continuous output current ≥100A and a power supply duration ≥30 minutes. Simulated fault test: Under artificial simulated heavy rain (rainfall of 100mm / h) and salt spray environment, after the power supply was continuously left to stand for 72 hours, the module insulation strength still met the requirements of 2kVrms, 50Hz, 20mA, and 1min without breakdown; after triggering the emergency mode, the ship's main engine (power of 80kW) was successfully started, and during the emergency power supply period, the LED digital tube displayed the remaining power and fault warning in real time, ensuring the safety of crew operation.

[0056] In one embodiment of this utility model, a composite starting power supply adaptation scheme conforming to military vehicle environmental standards is proposed, with a focus on enhancing reliability design and resistance to extreme working conditions. Regarding component selection, in addition to the secondary screening of military-grade components in the basic design, the lithium titanate battery 3 and supercapacitor 2 cells undergo -45℃ low-temperature pre-aging treatment to eliminate cells with unstable low-temperature performance. The internal busbars of the module can be made of copper-aluminum composite material, ensuring high conductivity (loop resistance ≤4mΩ) while improving fatigue resistance, adapting to the vibration requirements of military vehicles in complex field conditions. Furthermore, the supercapacitor management system 4 adds an anti-electromagnetic interference module, reducing interference from electromagnetic signals from military communication equipment to the starting power supply through shielding layer design, ensuring normal operation under electromagnetic environment level 3 (GJB151B-2013). Military standard testing verification: The starting power supply passed the high and low temperature cycle test (50 cycles) from -43℃ to +70℃, the 15g acceleration impact test (6 directions), and the electromagnetic compatibility test, with no degradation in any performance indicators; in the field vehicle test, the military off-road vehicle was parked in an environment of -42℃ for 12 hours and started successfully on the first try, and there were no safety hazards such as leakage or bulging of the module after starting, meeting the stringent use requirements of military vehicles.

[0057] In one embodiment of this invention, a dual-composite redundant starting power supply system for large trucks (load capacity over 40 tons) is proposed to solve the problem of high starting current requirements (≥3000A) and failure to start due to single power supply failure. The system design adopts a parallel structure of main and auxiliary dual power supplies: the main power supply is the composite starting power supply proposed in this invention (output peak current 2963A), and the auxiliary power supply is a module of the same specification. The two are connected in parallel to the truck starting circuit through a bipolar contactor. The supercapacitor management system 4 adds a power switching module to monitor the status of the main and auxiliary power supplies in real time. When the main power supply fails (such as voltage <20V or overcurrent), it automatically switches to the auxiliary power supply, with a switching time of <0.5 seconds, ensuring that the starting process is not interrupted. Heavy-duty scenario test: Under full load (40 tons) and -30℃ conditions, the main power supply output a starting current of 2850A and successfully started the engine; when a main power supply failure was simulated (the main power supply contactor was disconnected), the system automatically switched to the auxiliary power supply, which immediately output 2800A current to ensure the engine continued to run; after 10 consecutive heavy-duty starts, the temperature of both power supply modules was controlled below 50℃, and no overload protection was triggered, verifying the reliability and high current carrying capacity of the redundant system.

[0058] In one embodiment of this utility model, ten 2.4V, 30Ah lithium titanate batteries 3 (model HXEC2R4D0030AH, charging / discharging temperature -40℃~+70℃, cycle life 15000 cycles) and ten 3.0V, 3000F supercapacitors 2 (model HXEC2R7D3000Z, peak current 2663A, ESR≤0.15mΩ) are connected in parallel in a 1:1 ratio and then in series to form a composite module. It is equipped with a 5052 aluminum alloy shell (thickness 4mm, size 286×385×185mm, protection level IP67), a bus (reducing loop resistance ≤5mΩ) and high and low temperature resistant insulating buffer material. At the same time, it adopts reliability design such as component derating, secondary screening of military-grade components, and single-unit limit fixing to form a composite starting power supply.

[0059] In one embodiment of this utility model, the supercapacitor 2 is a 3.0V, 3000F supercapacitor, model HXEC2R7D3000Z, manufactured by Xi'an Herong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. This supercapacitor 2 has the characteristics of high power density, high energy density, long charge-discharge cycle life, good environmental adaptability, and good safety. Its technical parameters are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Technical parameters of supercapacitors

[0060] In one embodiment of this utility model, the lithium titanate battery 3 is a 2.4V, 30Ah lithium titanate battery manufactured by Xi'an Herong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., model HXEC2R4D0030AH. It has the characteristics of high power density, good low temperature performance, and good safety. Its technical parameters are shown in Table 2 below: Table 2 Technical parameters of lithium titanate batteries

[0061] In one embodiment of this utility model, the equalization module 402 of the supercapacitor management system 4 is directly connected to both ends of each supercapacitor 2, which can specifically eliminate the voltage difference between individual cells in the series state and avoid the impact of overvoltage or undervoltage of some individual cells on the system stability; the sampling module 401 is connected to the supercapacitor 2 at one end to collect the voltage and temperature data of the supercapacitor 2 in real time, and the other end is connected to the control unit 404 to transmit the collected information to the control unit 404; after receiving the data from the sampling module, the control unit 404 processes and analyzes it through internal logic, generates corresponding control commands and issues them; the I / O module 403 receives the commands from the control unit 404, converts them into actual operations (such as switching circuits on and off, triggering alarms, etc.), and completes the command execution; the power supply module 405 provides stable power support for the sampling module 401, the equalization module 402, the I / O module 403, and the control unit 404 to ensure the normal operation of each module.

[0062] This utility model has the following characteristics in its specific implementation: Energy storage synergy: The lithium titanate battery 3 provides continuous energy (30Ah capacity, 720 Wh energy) to ensure startup time, while the supercapacitor 2 provides instantaneous high current (2663A peak current) to meet cold start requirements. The two are connected in parallel to complement each other, taking into account both energy and power performance. Environmental adaptability: Relying on the wide temperature characteristics of lithium titanate battery 3 and supercapacitor 2, combined with the temperature-resistant design of the metal shell heat insulation material, the working temperature range is -40℃ to 70℃, and meets the GJB150A impact and vibration test requirements. Compact structure: It adopts a non-redundant layout, with a module weight of ≤20kg and small size. The output end is equipped with waterproof terminals to adapt to the compact installation space of generator sets and outdoor / humid conditions; Safety: The lithium titanate battery 3 and supercapacitor 2 will not catch fire or explode under conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, needle penetration, and extrusion. The working voltage of 24V is a safe voltage, and there is no safety risk in its use.

Claims

1. A composite starting power supply, characterized in that, The enclosure includes a housing, which houses a supercapacitor management system (4) connected to a composite module (1) and a bipolar contactor. The housing is equipped with a control panel and a power output port, which is connected to the bipolar contactor.

2. The composite starting power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply output port includes a power supply positive output port (8) and a power supply negative output port (9). The power supply positive output port (8) is connected to the positive terminal of the composite module (1) through the positive terminal (5) of the bipolar contactor.

3. The composite starting power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative terminal (9) of the power supply output is connected to the negative terminal of the composite module (1) through the negative terminal (6) of the bipolar contactor; a Hall sensor (7) is connected between the negative terminal (6) of the bipolar contactor and the negative terminal of the composite module (1).

4. The composite starting power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite module (1) includes several composite modules connected in series, and the composite modules include a supercapacitor (2) and a lithium titanate battery (3) connected in parallel.

5. The composite starting power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control panel includes an LED digital tube (10) and a function on / off switch (11).

6. The composite starting power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercapacitor management system (4) includes a power supply module (405), which is connected to a sampling module (401), an equalization module (402), an I / O module (403), and a control unit (404). The sampling module (401) is connected to the supercapacitor (2) and the control unit (404). The equalization module (402) is connected to the supercapacitor (2) and the control unit (404). The I / O module (403) is connected to the control unit (404) and the supercapacitor management system (4).

7. The composite starting power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power module (405) includes a DC-DC step-down circuit, which is connected to the input stage circuit, the LDO voltage regulator circuit, and the filter network. The filter network includes an electrolytic capacitor and a ceramic capacitor connected in series.

8. The composite starting power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sampling module (401) includes a temperature sampling circuit, which is connected to a voltage sampling circuit, a total voltage sampling circuit, and an AFE circuit.

9. The composite starting power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The equalization module (402) includes several equalization branches, which are connected in parallel with the supercapacitor (2). Each equalization branch includes a series-connected equalization MOS transistor and an equalization resistor. The equalization branch is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and in parallel with a freewheeling diode.

10. The composite starting power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercapacitor management system (4) also includes an anti-electromagnetic interference module and a power switching module.

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