A voltage conversion circuit and power supply system compatible with 5v / 12v input voltage

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of voltage conversion circuit and power supply system compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage, voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage includes: voltage input end, input end is the one end of voltage conversion module, overvoltage protection module, control module, for connecting power adapter;Voltage output end, the other end of output end is voltage conversion module and overvoltage protection module, for connecting electric equipment, to electric equipment provide power supply voltage;Wherein, the other end of control module is grounded, and the output voltage of power adapter is 12V or 5V, and the power supply voltage obtained by electric equipment is less than or equal to 5V.The utility model supports wide voltage input, has dynamic voltage stabilization and overvoltage protection, and electric equipment can normally operate in complex power supply environment, and circuit design is simple, easy to realize and maintain, cost is lower, suitable for mass production and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power management technology for electronic devices, and in particular to a voltage conversion circuit and power supply system compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage. Background Technology

[0002] In designing power supply systems for multi-device collaboration, devices often need to be compatible with fixed external power environments (such as 5V / 9V / 12V in the USB PD protocol, or 12V / 24V automotive systems). However, traditional single-voltage input power supply circuits face two major challenges:

[0003] (1) It is difficult to achieve efficient power conversion across a wide input voltage range (e.g., 5V-12V);

[0004] (2) Lacking a robust overvoltage protection mechanism, the equipment is easily damaged due to transient input fluctuations.

[0005] Therefore, developing a power management solution that supports wide input voltage, dynamic voltage regulation, and overvoltage protection is crucial for ensuring stable operation and extending the lifespan of equipment in complex power supply environments. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a voltage conversion circuit and power supply system compatible with 5V / 12V input voltages, which meets the requirements of existing technologies for wide input voltage, dynamic voltage regulation and overvoltage protection.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first aspect provides a voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage, comprising:

[0008] The voltage input terminal, which is one end of the voltage conversion module, overvoltage protection module, and control module, is used to connect to the power adapter.

[0009] The voltage output terminal is the other end of the voltage conversion module and the overvoltage protection module, used to connect to the electrical equipment and provide power voltage to the electrical equipment;

[0010] The other end of the control module is grounded, and the output voltage of the power adapter is 12V or 5V, while the power supply voltage obtained by the electrical device is less than or equal to 5V.

[0011] Optionally, the control module includes a first resistor and a second resistor;

[0012] One end of the first resistor is connected to the power adapter, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are also connected to the voltage conversion module.

[0013] Optionally, the overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module is set to be greater than 5V.

[0014] Optionally, the overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module is set to 6V.

[0015] Optionally, the overvoltage protection module uses an NCP391 overvoltage protection chip.

[0016] Optionally, the voltage conversion module uses a DC-DC chip of model MPQ4573.

[0017] The second aspect provides a power supply system, including a power adapter and N voltage conversion circuits as described above that are compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage, where N is equal to the number of electrical devices.

[0018] Optionally, the electrical equipment may include one or more devices, and when there are multiple devices, they share a single power adapter via a splitter.

[0019] Optionally, the electrical equipment includes one or more of the following: a display, a set-top box, an optical modem, a camera, and a router.

[0020] Optionally, when the electrical equipment includes a display and a set-top box, they share a single power adapter via a splitter;

[0021] The output terminal of the power adapter is connected to the voltage input terminals of two voltage conversion circuits compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage. The voltage output terminal of one voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the set-top box, and the voltage output terminal of the other voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the display.

[0022] The technical principle of this invention is as follows: When the output voltage of the power adapter is greater than 5V, such as 12V, the overvoltage protection module prevents the voltage from passing directly. The control module controls the voltage conversion module to enter the working state, converting it to a 5V voltage output. Considering losses, the power voltage obtained by the electrical device is less than or equal to 5V. When the output voltage of the power adapter is 5V, the overvoltage protection module allows the voltage to pass through, and the control module controls the voltage conversion module to a standby / off state. The voltage does not pass through the voltage conversion module, and the power voltage obtained by the electrical device is still less than or equal to 5V.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: it supports wide voltage input, has dynamic voltage regulation and overvoltage protection, and the electrical equipment can operate normally in complex power supply environments. Moreover, the circuit design is simple, easy to implement and maintain, and has low cost, making it suitable for large-scale production and application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply system composition of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] In the above figures: 100, voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage; 10, voltage conversion module; 20, overvoltage protection module; 30, control module; 200, power adapter; 300, electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this utility model embodiment proposes a voltage conversion circuit 100 compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage, including a voltage conversion module 10, an overvoltage protection module 20, and a control module 30. One end of the voltage conversion module 10, the overvoltage protection module 20, and the control module 30 serves as the voltage input terminal VIN of the entire circuit, connected to the power adapter 200 to obtain the output voltage of the power adapter 200. The other end of the voltage conversion module 10 and the overvoltage protection module 20 serves as the voltage output terminal VOUT of the entire circuit, connected to the electrical device 300 to provide power voltage to the electrical device 300. The other end of the control module 30 is grounded.

[0030] The detailed working process of this embodiment is as follows: When the output voltage of the power adapter 200 is greater than 5V, such as 12V, the overvoltage protection module 20 prevents the voltage from passing directly. The control module 30 controls the voltage conversion module 10 to enter the working state, converting it to a 5V voltage output. Considering losses, the power supply voltage obtained by the electrical device 300 is less than or equal to 5V. When the output voltage of the power adapter 200 is 5V, the overvoltage protection module 20 allows the voltage to pass, and the control module 30 controls the voltage conversion module 10 to a standby / off state. The voltage does not pass through the voltage conversion module 10, and the power supply voltage obtained by the electrical device 300 is still less than or equal to 5V.

[0031] The voltage conversion circuit 100 provided in this embodiment of the utility model is compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage. It supports wide voltage input, has dynamic voltage regulation and overvoltage protection, and the electrical equipment 300 can operate normally in complex power supply environments. Moreover, the circuit design is simple, easy to implement and maintain, and has low cost, making it suitable for large-scale production and application.

[0032] The voltage conversion module 10 of this embodiment enters different states according to the control signal output by the control module 30, such as the working state and the standby / off state described above. In a preferred implementation, the control module 30 automatically selects the working mode according to the different output voltages of the power adapter 200. Figure 2 As shown, the control module 30 includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power adapter 200, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, with the other end of the second resistor R2 grounded. The other end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2 are also connected to the voltage conversion module 10. Therefore, when the output voltage of the power adapter 200 is 12V, the voltage between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is higher than the enable voltage of the voltage conversion module 10, and the voltage conversion module 10 operates normally, converting 12V to 5V output to power the downstream system. When the output voltage of the power adapter 200 is 5V, the voltage between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is lower than the enable voltage of the voltage conversion module 10, and the voltage conversion module 10 does not operate, resulting in no voltage output. In this case, the system is powered by the overvoltage protection module 20.

[0033] In one embodiment, the overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module 20 can be set to greater than 5V. This ensures that when the output voltage of the power adapter 200 exceeds 5V, the overvoltage protection module 20 is in a standby / off state, protecting downstream system components from damage. Furthermore, when the output voltage of the power adapter 200 is 5V, voltage can be supplied through the overvoltage protection module 20. In practical applications, a preferred approach is to set the overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module 20 to 6V.

[0034] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned Figure 1 and Figure 2 The voltage conversion circuit 100 shown is compatible with 5V / 12V input voltages. It adopts an integrated solution of a single-channel high-efficiency voltage conversion module 10 and an overvoltage protection module 20, which is suitable for compact set-top box / TV stick designs with limited space. Based on this, the overvoltage protection module 20 uses an NCP391 overvoltage protection chip, and the voltage conversion module 10 uses an MPQ4573 DC-DC chip.

[0035] Another embodiment of this utility model provides a power supply system, including a power adapter 200 and N voltage conversion circuits 100 compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described above, where N equals the number of electrical devices 300. Therefore, N is a positive integer, thereby realizing a power supply system design for multi-device collaboration. The electrical devices 300 may include one or more. When there are multiple electrical devices 300, they share a single power adapter 200 through a splitter, achieving the goals of environmental protection and cost reduction.

[0036] In practical applications, because the power supply system is designed for multi-device collaboration, the types of the aforementioned electrical devices 300 vary. For example, they may include one or more of the following: monitors, set-top boxes, optical modems, cameras, and routers. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, the electrical equipment 300 includes a set-top box and a display. It adopts the power supply system provided by this utility model embodiment, which minimizes the number of components while ensuring performance. Figure 3 In the case where the electrical equipment 300 includes a monitor and a set-top box, they share a single power adapter 200 via a splitter. The output of the power adapter 200 is connected to the voltage input terminals VIN of two voltage conversion circuits 100 compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage. The voltage output terminal VOUT of one voltage conversion circuit 100 compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the set-top box, and the voltage output terminal VOUT of the other voltage conversion circuit 100 compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the monitor.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage, characterized in that, include: The voltage input terminal, which is one end of the voltage conversion module, overvoltage protection module, and control module, is used to connect to the power adapter. The voltage output terminal is the other end of the voltage conversion module and the overvoltage protection module, used to connect to the electrical equipment and provide power voltage to the electrical equipment; The other end of the control module is grounded, and the output voltage of the power adapter is 12V or 5V, while the power supply voltage obtained by the electrical device is less than or equal to 5V.

2. The voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a first resistor and a second resistor; One end of the first resistor is connected to the power adapter, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is grounded; the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor are also connected to the voltage conversion module.

3. The voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module is set to be greater than 5V.

4. The voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The overvoltage protection threshold of the overvoltage protection module is set to 6V.

5. The voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The overvoltage protection module uses an NCP391 overvoltage protection chip.

6. The voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage conversion module uses a DC-DC chip of model MPQ4573.

7. A power supply system, characterized in that, It includes a power adapter and N voltage conversion circuits compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, where N is equal to the number of electrical devices.

8. The power supply system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes one or more devices, and when there are multiple devices, they share a single power adapter through a splitter.

9. The power supply system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes one or more of the following: a monitor, a set-top box, an optical modem, a camera, and a router.

10. The power supply system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, When the electrical equipment includes a monitor and a set-top box, they share a single power adapter via a splitter. The output terminal of the power adapter is connected to the voltage input terminals of two voltage conversion circuits compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage. The voltage output terminal of one voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the set-top box, and the voltage output terminal of the other voltage conversion circuit compatible with 5V / 12V input voltage is connected to the power input terminal of the display.

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