A colored flexible photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic module technical field especially, it is a kind of color flexible photovoltaic module, specifically includes: the light-transmitting front plate, light filter layer, photovoltaic cell and back encapsulation board that are sequentially stacked from light entering side to back light side, the light filter layer is the three sublayer structure of integrally depositing, including first filter sublayer, second filter sublayer and third filter sublayer, the first filter sublayer uses the photonic crystal film with 200-300nm period, for reflecting the visible blue light with center wavelength located 435-475nm, the second filter sublayer is the infrared transmission antireflection film of alternative depositing, forms 700-1200nm section's infrared transmission window, the third filter sublayer is the interface antireflection film of alternative depositing, for reducing the interface reflection loss between the first filter sublayer and the second filter sublayer and the photovoltaic cell.Solved the problem that most color flexible photovoltaic modules meet color demand while sacrificing large conversion efficiency, affect the performance index of color flexible photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a colored flexible photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Flexible photovoltaic (PV) modules are solar power generation devices made using flexible substrates and thin-film photovoltaic technology. They are characterized by their flexibility, lightweight design, and thinness, making them suitable for non-planar installation scenarios. With the rapid expansion of applications for flexible PV modules, from building facades to wearable devices, from automotive photovoltaics to electronic products, the market's aesthetic demands for PV modules are increasing. The traditional single dark or gray-black appearance of flexible PV modules can no longer meet the requirements of architects, product developers, and end-users.

[0003] Against this backdrop, colored flexible photovoltaic modules with different colors have emerged. However, most colored flexible photovoltaic modules sacrifice a significant amount of conversion efficiency while meeting color requirements, affecting their performance indicators.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a colored flexible photovoltaic module that meets color requirements while minimizing the sacrifice in conversion efficiency and ensuring the performance indicators of the colored flexible photovoltaic module is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a colored flexible photovoltaic module, which solves the problem that most colored flexible photovoltaic modules sacrifice a large amount of conversion efficiency while meeting color requirements, thus affecting the performance indicators of the colored flexible photovoltaic module.

[0006] This utility model provides a color flexible photovoltaic module, comprising: a light-transmitting front panel, a filter layer, photovoltaic cells, and a back encapsulation plate stacked sequentially from the light-incident side to the back-light side; The filter layer is a monolithically deposited three-layer structure, comprising a first filter layer, a second filter layer, and a third filter layer from top to bottom. The first filter layer uses a photonic crystal film with a period of 200-300nm to reflect visible blue light with a center wavelength of 435-475nm. The second filter layer is an alternately deposited infrared transmission antireflection film, forming an infrared transmission window in the 700-1200nm range. The third filter layer is an alternately deposited interface antireflection film, used to reduce the interface reflection loss between the first and second filter layers and the photovoltaic cell.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the overall thickness of the filter layer is less than or equal to 1000 nm.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the first filter sublayer is 250-450 nm.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the second filter sublayer is 150-300 nm.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the third filter sublayer is 150-250 nm.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the unit area mass of the first filter sublayer, the second filter sublayer, and the third filter sublayer is less than or equal to 1.2 g / m².

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first filter sublayer is composed of a periodic stack of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide, the second filter sublayer is composed of alternating depositions of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide, and the third filter sublayer is composed of alternating depositions of zinc sulfide and ytterbium fluoride.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the filter layer and the light-transmitting front panel are laminated and bonded together by a hot melt adhesive layer.

[0014] In one feasible approach, the filter layer and the photovoltaic cell are bonded together by a vacuum in-situ continuous deposition method, so that there is no independent organic adhesive layer between them.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the photovoltaic cell and the back packaging plate are laminated and bonded together by a hot melt adhesive layer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The light-transmitting front panel and the back encapsulation panel protect the light filter layer and the photovoltaic cells. Sunlight enters the light filter layer through the light-transmitting front panel, passing sequentially through the first filter sub-layer. After being reflected by the blue light-emitting photonic crystal for color rendering, it passes through the second filter sub-layer. After reflection is suppressed by the external transmission antireflection film, it passes through the infrared transmission window in the 700-1200nm range, and then through the third filter sub-layer. After the interface antireflection is reduced by the interface antireflection film, it enters the photovoltaic cells, and finally, the photovoltaic cells begin to function. This reduces photoelectric conversion efficiency loss and ensures the performance of the colored flexible photovoltaic modules. It solves the problem that most colored flexible photovoltaic modules sacrifice significant conversion efficiency while meeting color requirements, affecting the performance indicators of the colored flexible photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view of a colored flexible photovoltaic module according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded front view of a colored flexible photovoltaic module according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the combination of the filter layer and photovoltaic cells in a color flexible photovoltaic module according to this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Transmitting front panel; 2. Filter layer; 201. First filter sub-layer; 202. Second filter sub-layer; 203. Third filter sub-layer; 3. Photovoltaic cell; 4. Back sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", and "counterclockwise" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein. The terms "optional" and "dispensable" mean that they may or may not be included (or may or may not be present). See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This utility model provides a color flexible photovoltaic module, including: a light-transmitting front panel 1, a filter layer 2, photovoltaic cells 3 and a back encapsulation plate 4, which are stacked sequentially from the light-incident side to the back-light side; The filter layer 2 is a three-layer structure deposited in one piece, consisting of a first filter layer 201, a second filter layer 202, and a third filter layer 203 from top to bottom. The first filter layer 201 is a photonic crystal film with a period of 200-300nm, used to reflect visible blue light with a center wavelength of 435-475nm. The second filter layer 202 is an alternately deposited infrared transmission antireflection film, forming an infrared transmission window in the 700-1200nm range. The third filter layer 203 is an alternately deposited interface antireflection film, used to reduce the interface reflection loss between the first filter layer 201 and the second filter layer 202 and the photovoltaic cell 3.

[0025] Visible light first passes through the light-transmitting front panel 1 and enters the filter layer 2. The 435-475nm blue light is selectively blocked by the photonic crystal film of the first filter sub-layer 201 through Bragg reflection, forming a structural color rendering effect. The remaining visible light bands (such as green light and red light) penetrate the second filter sub-layer 202, and after the Fresnel reflection is suppressed by the interface antireflection film of the third sub-layer, they reach the surface of the photovoltaic cell 3 and are absorbed and converted. At the same time, the infrared antireflection film of the second sub-layer allows the efficient transmission of 700-1200nm infrared light, reducing heat loss and improving cell efficiency, ultimately achieving the simultaneous realization of spectral frequency division utilization and visual color.

[0026] In some embodiments, the overall thickness of the filter layer 2 is less than or equal to 1000 nm.

[0027] Preferably, the overall thickness of the filter layer 2 is 650-850nm, which reduces the mass of one side of the filter layer 2, improves fatigue life while maintaining the same winding radius, and enhances infrared transmittance by reducing the absorption path of the film layer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first filter sublayer 201 is 250-450 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the first filter sublayer 201 is 300-400 nm. Through the film stack design, the blue light reflection bandwidth is narrowed while ensuring the same reflectivity, thereby improving the vividness of visual colors.

[0029] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second filter sublayer 202 is 150-300 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the second filter sublayer 202 is 200-250 nm, which reduces the attenuation of transmittance after damp heat aging by reducing interfacial scattering of the film layer, while ensuring the continuity of the film layer and fatigue life.

[0030] In some embodiments, the thickness of the third filter sublayer 203 is 150-250 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the third filter sublayer 203 is 150-200 nm, which increases the total amount of battery fill factor while ensuring passivation effect.

[0031] In some embodiments, the unit area mass of the first filter sublayer 201, the second filter sublayer 202, and the third filter sublayer 203 is less than or equal to 1.2 g / m². When the unit area mass of the first filter sublayer 201, the second filter sublayer 202, and the third filter sublayer 203 is greater than 1.2 g / m², it will lead to an excessively long magnetron sputtering deposition time, thereby reducing the yield and causing the accumulation of internal stress in the film, resulting in cracking when bent.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first filter sublayer 201 is composed of a periodic stack of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide, the second filter sublayer 202 is composed of alternating deposition of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide, and the third filter sublayer 203 is composed of alternating deposition of zinc sulfide and ytterbium fluoride. The amount and ratio of each dopant element in this application are consistent with those in the prior art.

[0033] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 and the light-transmitting front panel 1 are bonded together by a hot melt adhesive layer. The hot melt adhesive, after curing, forms a continuous adhesive surface and also provides moisture protection at the top. Since there are no threaded fasteners, there is no stress concentration during curling, preventing bubbles and whitening during curling.

[0034] In some embodiments, the filter layer 2 and the photovoltaic cell 3 are bonded together by a vacuum in-situ continuous deposition method, so that there is no independent organic adhesive layer between them.

[0035] In this process, the third filter sub-layer 203 on the bottom surface of the filter layer 2 and the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic cell 3 are continuously deposited in the same vacuum process. The two are directly bonded by van der Waals forces and chemical bonds to form a heterojunction structure without interface defects, thereby eliminating the risk of light absorption and aging of the adhesive layer. At the same time, the refractive index of the third filter sub-layer 203 gradually changes from the side near the filter layer 2 to the side of the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic cell 3, forming a gradient match and suppressing light interference fringes caused by abrupt changes in refractive index.

[0036] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cell 3 and the back encapsulation plate 4 are bonded together by lamination with a hot melt adhesive layer. The hot melt adhesive, while curing, provides moisture protection to the bottom and supports the flexible winding required for the process. Preferably, the back encapsulation plate 4 is a composite of white fluorinated polyester, aluminum foil, and a barrier film, which blocks moisture while also reflecting infrared light.

[0037] It should be noted that hot melt adhesive layer lamination, vacuum in-situ continuous deposition, and membrane stack design are techniques known to those skilled in the art, and this application does not improve upon them.

[0038] Work process First, when natural light is incident vertically or obliquely onto the outer surface of the light-transmitting front panel 1, the light passes through the light-transmitting front panel 1 which has anti-fouling function in sequence, and after reaching the filter layer 2, the uppermost first filter sub-layer 201 performs Bragg reflection on the blue light with a center wavelength of 435-475nm. The blue light is reflected back to the air side and appears blue. The remaining visible light and all infrared light continue to descend.

[0039] Then, the remaining visible light and all infrared light enter the second filter sub-layer 202. The anti-reflection interference structure of the second filter sub-layer 202 plays an interference cancellation role in the 700-1200nm segment, which increases the light transmittance in this segment, thereby effectively entering the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic cell 3.

[0040] Finally, when the light after interference cancellation enters the third filter layer 203, the refractive index transitions from high to low in a gradient manner. The third filter layer 203 will suppress Fresnel reflection caused by the sudden change in refractive index, ensuring that the photons transmitted from the upper layer can enter the transparent conductive layer of the photovoltaic cell 3 with minimal loss, and the photovoltaic cell 3 will start working.

[0041] The additional photon flux from infrared transmission partially offsets the light loss caused by blue light reflection, thus improving the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency compared to similar colored flexible modules.

[0042] It should be noted that the working principle of the photovoltaic cell 3 and the photoelectric conversion process during its operation are well known to those skilled in the art, and this application will not elaborate on them. In the above embodiments, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the first feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "method," "specific method," or "some methods," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or method is included in at least one embodiment or method of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or method. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or methods. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or methods described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or methods.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A colored flexible photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: The light-transmitting front panel, the filter layer, the photovoltaic cells and the back encapsulation plate are stacked sequentially from the light-incident side to the back-light side. The filter layer is a monolithically deposited three-layer structure, comprising a first filter layer, a second filter layer, and a third filter layer from top to bottom. The first filter layer uses a photonic crystal film with a period of 200-300nm to reflect visible blue light with a center wavelength of 435-475nm. The second filter layer is an alternately deposited infrared transmission antireflection film, forming an infrared transmission window in the 700-1200nm range. The third filter layer is an alternately deposited interface antireflection film, used to reduce the interface reflection loss between the first and second filter layers and the photovoltaic cell.

2. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall thickness of the filter layer is less than or equal to 1000 nm.

3. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first filter sublayer is 250-450 nm.

4. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the second filter sublayer is 150-300 nm.

5. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the third filter sublayer is 150-250 nm.

6. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The unit area mass of the first filter sublayer, the second filter sublayer, and the third filter sublayer is less than or equal to 1.2 g / m².

7. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filter sublayer is composed of periodically stacked titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide, the second filter sublayer is composed of alternating deposition of magnesium fluoride and silicon dioxide, and the third filter sublayer is composed of alternating deposition of zinc sulfide and ytterbium fluoride.

8. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter layer and the light-transmitting front panel are bonded together by a hot melt adhesive layer.

9. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filter layer and the photovoltaic cell are bonded together by a vacuum in-situ continuous deposition method, so that there is no independent organic adhesive layer between them.

10. The colored flexible photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cells are bonded to the back packaging plate by lamination with a hot melt adhesive layer.

Images