Display device

Abstract

A display device includes a base layer; a circuit layer over the base layer; an element layer over the circuit layer and including a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element; an optical layer over the element layer and having a first transmission hole corresponding to the light-receiving element; and a polarizing layer over the optical layer and configured to have a transmission axis, wherein the first transmission hole has a shape in which a width in a direction perpendicular to the transmission axis is smaller than a width in a direction parallel to the transmission axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Some aspects of embodiments of this disclosure described herein relate to display devices having biometric information recognition capabilities. Background Technology

[0002] Display devices provide various functions for organic communication with users (such as providing information to users by displaying images or detecting user input). Display devices may include the ability to detect the user's biometric information.

[0003] Biometric information recognition schemes include capacitive schemes that detect changes in capacitance between electrodes, optical schemes that detect incident light using optical sensors, and ultrasonic schemes that detect vibrations using piezoelectric materials, etc.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background, and therefore the information discussed in this background section need not constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] Some aspects of embodiments of this disclosure include display devices having relatively improved biometric information recognition performance.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the display device includes: a substrate layer; a circuit layer on the substrate layer; an element layer on the circuit layer and including a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element; an optical layer on the element layer and provided with a first transmission aperture corresponding to the light-receiving element; and a polarizing layer on the optical layer and having a transmission axis.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the first transmission aperture has a shape in which the width in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis is smaller than the width in the direction parallel to the transmission axis.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the light receiving element has a shape different from that of the first transmission aperture.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the first transmission aperture has an elliptical shape including a major axis parallel to the transmission axis and a minor axis perpendicular to the transmission axis.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the light receiving element has a shape in which the width in the direction parallel to the transmission axis is the same as the width in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the light receiving element has a square or circular shape.

[0012] According to some embodiments, the light receiving element has a shape including a long axis perpendicular to the transmission axis and a short axis parallel to the transmission axis.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the light receiving element is different from the ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the light receiving element has the same shape as the first transmission aperture.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the first transmission aperture has a long axis parallel to the transmission axis and a short axis perpendicular to the transmission axis, and wherein the light receiving element has a shape including a long axis parallel to the transmission axis and a short axis perpendicular to the transmission axis.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the light receiving element is equal to the ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other aspects and features of embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the description of some embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 4A This is a circuit diagram illustrating pixels and sensors according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 4B It is used to describe Figure 4A The waveform diagram shows the operation of the pixels and sensor.

[0023] Figure 5A This is a plan view illustrating the element layers and optical layers according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 5B It is shown Figure 5A A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0025] Figure 6A and Figure 6B It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 5A The cross-sectional view of the display device is shown by the cutting line I-I'.

[0026] Figure 7A It is along Figure 5BThe cross-sectional view of the display module is shown by the cutting line II-II'.

[0027] Figure 7B It is along Figure 5B The cross-sectional view of the display module is shown by cutting line III-III'.

[0028] Figure 8A This is a plan view showing the shape of the first transmission aperture of the optical layer according to the comparative example.

[0029] Figure 8B This is a graph showing the signal-to-noise ratio based on the angle between the extension direction of the fake fingerprint and the transmission axis of the polarization layer.

[0030] Figure 8C This is a diagram illustrating a fake fingerprint image perpendicular to the transmission axis of the polarization layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 8D This is a diagram illustrating a fake fingerprint image parallel to the transmission axis of the polarization layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figures 9A to 9C This is a plan view showing the shape of a light-receiving element and a first transmission aperture according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figures 10A to 10C This is a plan view showing the shape of a light-receiving element and a first transmission aperture according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments.

[0035] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In the specification, the descriptions that the first component (or area, layer, part, section, etc.) is "on" the second component, "connected to" the second component, or "coupled to" the second component mean that the first component is directly on the second component, the first component is directly connected to or directly coupled to the second component, or that the third component is embedded between the first component and the second component.

[0037] The same reference numerals refer to the same components. Furthermore, in the drawings, for the sake of clarity in describing the technical content, the thickness, proportions, and dimensions of the components are exaggerated. The term "and / or" includes, in each of these, one or more combinations of the associated elements.

[0038] Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used to describe various components, these components should not be construed as being limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component. The articles “a,” “an,” and “the” are singular because they refer to a single object, but the use of the singular forms in the specification should not preclude the existence of more than one object.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "below," "under," "on," and "above" are used to describe the relationships between the components shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms, being relative concepts, are described based on the directions shown in the drawings.

[0040] It will be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., indicate the presence of the features, numbers, steps, operations, elements or components or combinations thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or other possibilities of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements or components or combinations thereof.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Furthermore, unless expressly defined herein, terms (such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary) shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense.

[0042] In the following description, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a display device DD according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a display device DD according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device DD may have a rectangular shape having a long side parallel to a first direction DR1 and a short side parallel to a second direction DR2 intersecting the first direction DR1. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the display device DD may have various shapes such as circles and polygons.

[0045] The display device DD can be a device activated by an electrical signal. The display device DD can include various embodiments. For example, the display device DD can be applied to electronic devices such as smartwatches, computers (such as tablet PCs or laptops), or smart televisions.

[0046] In the following text, the normal direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 is defined as the third direction DR3. In the specification, "when viewed from above the plane" can mean "when viewed from the third direction DR3".

[0047] The top surface of the display device DD can be defined as the display surface IS, and can be parallel to the plane defined by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2. The image IM generated by the display device DD can be provided to the user through the display surface IS.

[0048] The display surface IS can be divided into a transmissive region TA and a border region BZA. The transmissive region TA can be the area in which the image IM is displayed. The user visually perceives the image IM through the transmissive region TA. According to some embodiments, the transmissive region TA is shown in the shape of a quadrilateral with rounded corners. However, this is shown as an example. The transmissive region TA can have various shapes, and is not limited to the shape shown according to embodiments of this disclosure, and the transmissive region TA can include, for example, a circular shape, an oval shape, a quadrilateral shape with square corners, other polygonal shapes, and irregular shapes, etc.

[0049] The border region BZA is adjacent to the transmission region TA. The border region BZA may have a color (e.g., a set or predetermined color). The border region BZA may surround the transmission region TA. Therefore, the shape of the transmission region TA may be defined by the border region BZA. However, this is shown as an example. For example, the border region BZA may be positioned adjacent to only one side of the transmission region TA, or it may be omitted.

[0050] The display device DD can sense external input applied from the outside. External input can include various types of input provided from outside the display device DD. For example, in addition to contact via a part of the body (such as the user's hand US_F) or contact via a separate device (e.g., an active pen or digitizer), external input can also include external input applied when the user's hand US_F approaches the display device DD or is adjacent to the display device DD at a distance (e.g., a set or predetermined distance) (e.g., hovering). Furthermore, external input can be of various types such as force, pressure, temperature, and light.

[0051] The display device DD can detect biometric information of a user applied from an external source. A biometric information sensing area capable of detecting the user's biometric information can be provided on the display surface IS of the display device DD. The biometric information sensing area can be provided over the entire area of ​​the transmission area TA, or it can be provided over a portion of the transmission area TA. As an example of this disclosure, Figure 1 The entire transmission region TA is shown as the biometric information sensing region.

[0052] The display device DD may include a window WM, a display module DM, and a housing EDC. According to some embodiments, the appearance of the display device DD can be achieved by coupling the window WM and the housing EDC.

[0053] The front surface of the window WM defines the display surface IS of the display device DD. The window WM may include an optically transparent insulating material. For example, the window WM may include glass or plastic. The window WM may include a multilayer structure or a single-layer structure. For example, the window WM may include multiple plastic films bonded together by an adhesive, or the window WM may include a glass substrate and a plastic film bonded together by an adhesive.

[0054] The display module (DM) may include a display panel (DP), an optical layer (OTL), an input sensing layer (ISL), and a polarization layer (POL). The display panel (DP) can display images in response to electrical signals. The input sensing layer (ISL) can sense external input applied from the outside. External input can be provided in various forms.

[0055] The display panel DP according to some embodiments of this disclosure can be a light-emitting display panel, but is not particularly limited thereto. For example, the display panel DP can be an organic light-emitting display panel, an inorganic light-emitting display panel, or a quantum dot light-emitting display panel. The light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting display panel may include organic light-emitting materials. The light-emitting layer of an inorganic light-emitting display panel may include inorganic light-emitting materials. The light-emitting layer of a quantum dot light-emitting display panel may include quantum dots and quantum rods, etc. Hereinafter, the display panel DP is described as an organic light-emitting display panel.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 The display panel DP includes a substrate layer BL, a circuit layer DP_CL, a component layer DP_ED, and a packaging layer TFE. According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the display panel DP can be a flexible display panel. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel DP can be a foldable display panel that folds relative to a folding axis, or a rigid display panel.

[0057] The substrate layer BL may include a synthetic resin layer. The synthetic resin layer may be a polyimide resin layer, and the material of the synthetic resin layer is not particularly limited to this. In addition, the substrate layer BL may include a glass substrate, a metal substrate, or an organic / inorganic composite substrate, etc.

[0058] A circuit layer DP_CL is positioned on a substrate layer BL. The circuit layer DP_CL is embedded between the substrate layer BL and the component layer DP_ED. The circuit layer DP_CL includes at least one insulating layer and circuit elements. Hereinafter, the insulating layer included in the circuit layer DP_CL is referred to as an "intermediate insulating layer." The intermediate insulating layer includes at least one intermediate inorganic film and at least one intermediate organic film. The circuit elements may include pixel driving circuitry and sensor driving circuitry, the pixel driving circuitry being included in each of a plurality of pixels for displaying an image, and the sensor driving circuitry being included in each of a plurality of sensors for recognizing external information. The external information may be biometric information. As an example of this disclosure, the sensor may be a fingerprint recognition sensor, a proximity sensor, an iris recognition sensor, a blood pressure measurement sensor, or an illuminance sensor. Furthermore, the sensor may be an optical sensor for recognizing biometric information in an optical scheme. The circuit layer DP_CL may also include signal lines connected to the pixel driving circuitry and / or the sensor driving circuitry.

[0059] The element layer DP_ED may include a light-emitting element contained in each of the pixels and a light-receiving element contained in each of the sensors. As an example of this disclosure, the light-receiving element may be a photodiode. The light-receiving element may also be a sensor that detects or responds to light reflected by a user's fingerprint.

[0060] The encapsulation layer TFE encapsulates the component layer DP_ED. The encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one organic film and at least one inorganic film. The inorganic film may include inorganic materials and protects the component layer DP_ED from moisture / oxygen. The inorganic film may include, but is not specifically limited to, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer. The organic film may include organic materials and protects the component layer DP_ED from foreign matter such as dust particles.

[0061] An optical layer (OTL) can be formed on a display panel (DP). The OTL can form an optical system for transmitting light to a light-receiving element. According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the OTL can be formed on the display panel (DP) through a sequential process. In other words, when the OTL is positioned directly on the encapsulation layer (TFE) of the display panel (DP), no separate adhesive film is embedded between the OTL and the TFE.

[0062] An input sensing layer (ISL) can be formed on an optical layer (OTL). The input sensing layer (ISL) can be directly positioned on the optical layer (OTL). According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the input sensing layer (ISL) can be formed on the optical layer (OTL) through a sequential process. In other words, when the input sensing layer (ISL) is directly positioned on the optical layer (OTL), no separate adhesive film is embedded between the input sensing layer (ISL) and the optical layer (OTL). Alternatively, an adhesive film can be embedded between the input sensing layer (ISL) and the optical layer (OTL). In this case, the input sensing layer (ISL) can be manufactured through a process separate from the display panel (DP) and the optical layer (OTL), and can then be fixed to the upper surface of the display panel (DP) by the adhesive film.

[0063] The input sensing layer (ISL) can sense external input (e.g., a user's touch), convert the sensed input into an input signal (e.g., a set or predetermined input signal), and provide the input signal to the display panel (DP). The ISL may include multiple sensing electrodes for sensing external input. The sensing electrodes can sense the external input using a capacitive scheme. The display panel (DP) can receive the input signal from the ISL and generate an image corresponding to the input signal.

[0064] The positioning of the optical layer OTL is not limited to Figure 2 The embodiment shown. For example, the optical layer OTL can be positioned on the input sensing layer ISL. In this case, the input sensing layer ISL can be positioned directly on the encapsulation layer TFE, and the optical layer OTL can be positioned directly on the input sensing layer ISL.

[0065] The display module DM may also include a polarization layer POL. As an example of this disclosure, the polarization layer POL may be positioned on the input sensing layer ISL. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. When the optical layer OTL is positioned on the input sensing layer ISL, the polarization layer POL may be positioned on the optical layer OTL. The optical layer OTL may include a black matrix provided with a transmission aperture.

[0066] The polarizing layer POL may include a transmission axis and an absorption axis orthogonal to the transmission axis. Therefore, the polarizing layer POL can transmit light components vibrating in a direction parallel to the transmission axis and absorb light components vibrating in a direction parallel to the absorption axis. As an example of this disclosure, the transmission axis and absorption axis of the polarizing layer POL may be oblique relative to a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. For example, the transmission axis may be parallel to a diagonal direction obliquely 45° relative to the first direction DR1, and the absorption axis may be parallel to a diagonal direction obliquely 45° relative to the second direction DR2.

[0067] The display device DD according to some embodiments of this disclosure may further include an adhesive layer AL. The window WM can be attached to the polarizing layer POL via the adhesive layer AL. The adhesive layer AL may include an optically transparent adhesive, an optically transparent resin, or a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA).

[0068] The housing EDC is coupled to the window WM. The housing EDC is coupled to the window WM to provide interior space (e.g., a defined or predetermined interior space). The display module DM can be housed within the interior space. The housing EDC can comprise a material with relatively high rigidity. For example, the housing EDC can comprise glass, plastic, or metal, or the housing EDC can comprise multiple frames and / or panels composed of a combination of glass, plastic, or metal. The housing EDC can stably protect the configuration of the display device DD housed within the interior space from external impacts. Although not shown in the figures, a battery module for supplying power required for the overall operation of the display device DD can be embedded between the display module DM and the housing EDC.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a display device DD according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0070] Reference Figure 3 The display device DD includes a display panel DP, a panel driver, and a drive controller 100. As an example of this disclosure, the panel driver includes a data driver 200, a scan driver 300, a light-emitting driver 350, a voltage generator 400, and a readout circuit 500.

[0071] The drive controller 100 receives image signals RGB and control signals CTRL. The drive controller 100 generates image data DATA by converting the data format of the image signals RGB to conform to the specification of the interface of the data driver 200. The drive controller 100 outputs a first control signal SCS, a second control signal ECS, a third control signal DCS, and a fourth control signal RCS.

[0072] The data driver 200 receives a third control signal DCS and image data DATA from the drive controller 100. The data driver 200 converts the image data DATA into a data signal and outputs the data signal to multiple data lines DL1 to DLm, which will be described later. The data signal refers to the analog voltage corresponding to the grayscale value of the image data DATA.

[0073] The scan driver 300 receives a first control signal SCS from the drive controller 100. The scan driver 300 can output a scan signal to the scan line in response to the first control signal SCS.

[0074] Voltage generator 400 generates the voltages necessary for operating the display panel DP. According to some embodiments, voltage generator 400 generates a first drive voltage ELVDD, a second drive voltage ELVSS, a first initialization voltage Vint, a second initialization voltage Vaint, a bias voltage Vbias, and a reset voltage Vrst.

[0075] The display panel DP may include the transmissive area TA (such as...) Figure 1 The corresponding display area DA and the border area BZA (as shown in the figure) Figure 1 The non-display area NDA corresponds to the area shown in the diagram.

[0076] The display panel DP may include a plurality of pixels PX and a plurality of sensors FX positioned in the display area DA. According to some embodiments of this disclosure, each of the plurality of sensors FX may be embedded between two adjacent pixels PX. The plurality of pixels PX and the plurality of sensors FX may be alternately positioned on a plane defined by a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. That is, two or more pixels PX may be positioned between two adjacent sensors FX in the first direction DR1. Alternatively, two or more pixels PX may be positioned between two adjacent sensors FX in the second direction DR2.

[0077] The display panel DP also includes initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn, compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn, write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn, black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn, transmit control lines EML1 to EMLn, data lines DL1 and DL2 to DLm, and readout lines RL1 and RL2 to RLh. The initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn, compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn, write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn, black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn, and transmit control lines EML1 to EMLn extend in a first direction DR1. The initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn, compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn, write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn, black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn, and transmit control lines EML1 to EMLn are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a second direction DR2. Data lines DL1 to DLm and readout lines RL1 to RLh extend in the second direction DR2 and are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR1. Here, each of "n", "m" and "h" is a natural number of 1 or greater.

[0078] Multiple pixels PX are electrically connected to initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn, compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn, write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn, black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn, transmit control lines EML1 to EMLn, and data lines DL1 to DLm. For example, each of the multiple pixels PX can be electrically connected to four scan lines. However, the number of scan lines connected to each of the pixels PX is not limited to this and can be varied.

[0079] Multiple sensors FX are electrically connected to write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn and read lines RL1 to RLh. Each of the multiple sensors FX may be electrically connected to one scan line. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. The number of scan lines connected to each of the sensors FX may vary. As an example of this disclosure, the number of read lines RL1 to RLh may be less than or equal to the number of data lines DL1 to DLm. For example, the number of read lines RL1 to RLh may correspond to 1 / 2, 1 / 4, or 1 / 8 of the number of data lines DL1 to DLm.

[0080] The scan driver 300 can be positioned in the non-display area NDA of the display panel DP. The scan driver 300 receives a first control signal SCS from the drive controller 100. In response to the first control signal SCS, the scan driver 300 outputs an initialization scan signal to the initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn and a compensation scan signal to the compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn. Furthermore, in response to the first control signal SCS, the scan driver 300 can output a write scan signal to the write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn and a black scan signal to the black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn. Alternatively, the scan driver 300 may include a first scan driver and a second scan driver. The first scan driver can output the initialization scan signal and the compensation scan signal. The second scan driver can output the write scan signal and the black scan signal.

[0081] The light-emitting driver 350 can be positioned in the non-display area NDA of the display panel DP. The light-emitting driver 350 receives a second control signal ECS from the drive controller 100. In response to the second control signal ECS, the light-emitting driver 350 can output emission control signals to emission control lines EML1 to EMLn. Alternatively, the scan driver 300 can be connected to the emission control lines EML1 to EMLn. In this case, the light-emitting driver 350 can be omitted, and the scan driver 300 can output emission control signals to the emission control lines EML1 to EMLn.

[0082] The readout circuit 500 receives a fourth control signal RCS from the drive controller 100. In response to the fourth control signal RCS, the readout circuit 500 receives detection signals from readout lines RL1 to RLh. The readout circuit 500 processes the detection signals received from readout lines RL1 to RLh and provides the processed detection signal S_FS to the drive controller 100. The drive controller 100 can identify biometric information based on the detection signal S_FS.

[0083] Figure 4A This is a circuit diagram illustrating pixel PXij and sensor FXdj according to some embodiments of this disclosure. Although Figure 4A Various components in the pixel PXij and sensor FXdj according to some embodiments are shown, but the embodiments according to this disclosure are not limited thereto, and the pixel PXij and sensor FXdj may include additional or fewer components according to various embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments according to this disclosure.

[0084] Figure 4B It is used to describe Figure 4A The waveform diagram shows the operation of pixel PXij and sensor FXdj.

[0085] Figure 4A It shows Figure 3 The equivalent circuit diagram of a single pixel PXij within the pixel PX shown is illustrated. Since each of the multiple pixels PX has the same circuit structure, detailed descriptions of the remaining pixels will be replaced by a description of the circuit structure of pixel PXij. Furthermore, Figure 4A It shows Figure 3 The diagram shows the equivalent circuit diagram of one of the multiple sensors FX, FXdj. Since each of the multiple sensors FX has the same circuit structure, detailed descriptions of the remaining sensors will be replaced by a description of the circuit structure for sensor FXdj.

[0086] Reference Figure 4A Also refer to Figure 3 Pixel PXij is connected to the i-th data line DL1 to DLm, the j-th initialization scan line SILj among the initialization scan lines SIL1 to SILn, the j-th compensation scan line SCLj among the compensation scan lines SCL1 to SCLn, the j-th write scan line SWLj among the write scan lines SWL1 to SWLn, the j-th black scan line SBLj among the black scan lines SBL1 to SBLn, and the j-th transmit control line EMLj among the transmit control lines EML1 to EMLn.

[0087] Pixel PXij includes a light-emitting element ED and a pixel driving circuit P_PD. The light-emitting element ED can be a light-emitting diode. As an example of this disclosure, the light-emitting element ED can be an organic light-emitting diode including an organic light-emitting layer.

[0088] The pixel driving circuit P_PD includes a first transistor T1, a second transistor T2, a third transistor T3, a fourth transistor T4, a fifth transistor T5, a sixth transistor T6, a seventh transistor T7, and an eighth transistor T8, as well as a capacitor Cst. At least one of the first transistors T1 to T8 can be a transistor with a low-temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) semiconductor layer. Some of the first transistors T1 to T8 can be P-type transistors, and the other transistors can be N-type transistors. At least one of the first transistors T1 to T8 can be a transistor with an oxide semiconductor layer. For example, the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 can be oxide semiconductor transistors, and the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the fifth transistor T5 to the eighth transistor T8 can be LTPS transistors. The third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 can be N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) transistors.

[0089] The configuration of the pixel driving circuit P_PD according to this disclosure is not limited to... Figure 4A The embodiment shown. Figure 4A The pixel driving circuit P_PD shown is merely an example. For instance, the configuration of the pixel driving circuit P_PD can be modified and implemented. For example, the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and all of the fifth transistors T5 through T8 can be either P-type or N-type transistors.

[0090] The j-th initialization scan line SILj, the j-th compensation scan line SCLj, the j-th write scan line SWLj, the j-th black scan line SBLj, and the j-th transmit control line EMLj can respectively transmit the j-th initialization scan signal SIj, the j-th compensation scan signal SCj, the j-th write scan signal SWj, the j-th black scan signal SBj, and the j-th transmit control signal EMj to the pixel PXij. The i-th data line DL1 transmits the i-th data signal Di to the pixel PXij. The i-th data signal Di can have the same characteristics as the input to the display device DD (see...). Figure 3 ) image signal RGB (see Figure 3 The corresponding voltage level.

[0091] As an example of this disclosure, pixel PXij can be connected to a first driving voltage line VL1 and a second driving voltage line VL2, a first initialization voltage line VIL and a second initialization voltage line VAIL, and a bias voltage line VBL. The first driving voltage line VL1 transmits a first driving voltage ELVDD to pixel PXij. The second driving voltage line VL2 transmits a second driving voltage ELVSS to pixel PXij. Furthermore, the first initialization voltage line VIL transmits a first initialization voltage Vint to pixel PXij. The second initialization voltage line VAIL transmits a second initialization voltage Vaint to pixel PXij. The bias voltage line VBL transmits a bias voltage Vbias to pixel PXij.

[0092] A first transistor T1 is connected between a first drive voltage line VL1, which receives a first drive voltage ELVDD, and a light-emitting element ED. The first transistor T1 includes a first electrode connected to the first drive voltage line VL1 via a fifth transistor T5, a second electrode connected to the anode electrode of the light-emitting element ED via a sixth transistor T6, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to one end of a capacitor Cst (e.g., the first node N1). The first transistor T1 can receive a data signal Di transmitted via the i-th data line DLi according to the switching operation of the second transistor T2, and can then supply a drive current Id to the light-emitting element ED.

[0093] The second transistor T2 is connected between the i-th data line DLi and the first electrode of the first transistor T1. The second transistor T2 includes a first electrode connected to the i-th data line DLi, a second electrode connected to the first electrode of the first transistor T1, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th write scan line SWLj. The second transistor T2 can be turned on in response to the j-th write scan signal SWj delivered through the j-th write scan line SWLj, and can then deliver the i-th data signal Di delivered from the i-th data line DLi to the first electrode of the first transistor T1.

[0094] A third transistor T3 is connected between the second electrode of the first transistor T1 and the first node N1. The third transistor T3 includes a first electrode connected to the third electrode of the first transistor T1, a second electrode connected to the second electrode of the first transistor T1, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th compensation scan line SCLj. The third transistor T3 can be turned on in response to a j-th compensation scan signal SCj transmitted via the j-th compensation scan line SCLj, and can connect the third electrode and the second electrode of the first transistor T1. In this case, the first transistor T1 can be connected in a diode configuration.

[0095] A fourth transistor T4 is connected between the first node N1 and the first initialization voltage line VIL through which the first initialization voltage Vint is applied. The fourth transistor T4 includes a first electrode connected to the first initialization voltage line VIL through which the first initialization voltage Vint is supplied, a second electrode connected to the first node N1, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th initialization scan line SILj. The fourth transistor T4 is turned on in response to the j-th initialization scan signal SIj received through the j-th initialization scan line SILj. Therefore, the turned-on fourth transistor T4 can deliver the first initialization voltage Vint to the first node N1, causing the potential of the third electrode of the first transistor T1 (i.e., the potential of the first node N1) to be initialized.

[0096] The fifth transistor T5 includes a first electrode connected to the first drive voltage line VL1, a second electrode connected to the first electrode of the first transistor T1, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th emitter control line EMLj.

[0097] The sixth transistor T6 includes a first electrode connected to the second electrode of the first transistor T1, a second electrode connected to the anode electrode of the light-emitting element ED, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th emission control line EMLj.

[0098] In response to the j-th transmit control signal EMj transmitted via the j-th transmit control line EMLj, the fifth transistor T5 and the sixth transistor T6 are simultaneously turned on. The first drive voltage ELVDD applied by the thus turned-on fifth transistor T5 can be compensated by the first transistor T1 connected in a diode manner, and can then be transmitted to the light-emitting element ED.

[0099] The seventh transistor T7 includes a first electrode connected to the second initialization voltage line VAIL through which the second initialization voltage Vaint is supplied, a second electrode connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor T6, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th black scan line SBLj. The voltage level of the second initialization voltage Vaint can be lower than or equal to the voltage level of the first initialization voltage Vint.

[0100] The eighth transistor T8 includes a first electrode connected to the bias voltage line VBL through which the supply bias voltage Vbias passes, a second electrode connected to the first electrode of the first transistor T1, and a third electrode (e.g., a gate electrode) connected to the j-th black scan line SBLj.

[0101] In response to the j-th black scan signal SBj received via the j-th black scan line SBLj, the seventh transistor T7 and the eighth transistor T8 are simultaneously turned on. The second initialization voltage Vaint applied by the turned-on seventh transistor T7 can be transmitted to the anode electrode of the light-emitting element ED. Therefore, the anode electrode of the light-emitting element ED can be initialized with the second initialization voltage Vaint. The bias voltage Vbias applied by the thus turned-on eighth transistor T8 can be transmitted to the first electrode of the first transistor T1. Therefore, the bias voltage Vbias can be periodically applied to the first electrode of the first transistor T1. Thus, problems such as display quality degradation that occur when the potential difference between the first and second electrodes of the first transistor T1 increases to a level greater than or equal to a certain level due to hysteresis can be prevented.

[0102] As described above, one end of capacitor Cst is connected to the third electrode of the first transistor T1, and the other end of capacitor Cst is connected to the first driving voltage line VL1. The cathode electrode of the light-emitting element ED can be connected to the second driving voltage line VL2, which delivers the second driving voltage ELVSS. The voltage level of the second driving voltage ELVSS can be lower than the voltage level of the first driving voltage ELVDD. As an example of this disclosure, the voltage level of the second driving voltage ELVSS can be lower than the voltage level of each of the first initialization voltage Vint and the second initialization voltage Vaint.

[0103] Reference Figure 4A and Figure 4B The j-th transmit control signal EMj is high during the non-transmit cycle NEP. During the non-transmit cycle NEP, the j-th initialization scan signal SIj is activated. During the activation period of the j-th initialization scan signal SIj (hereinafter referred to as the "first activation period") AP1, when the high level of the j-th initialization scan signal SIj is provided through the j-th initialization scan line SILj, the fourth transistor T4 is turned on in response to the high level of the j-th initialization scan signal SIj. The first initialization voltage Vint is supplied to the third electrode of the first transistor T1 via the thus turned-on fourth transistor T4, and the first node N1 is initialized with the first initialization voltage Vint. Therefore, the first activation period AP1 can be defined as the initialization period of pixel PXij.

[0104] Next, the j-th compensation scan signal SCj is activated, and when the high level of the j-th compensation scan signal SCj during the activation period of the j-th compensation scan signal SCj (hereinafter referred to as the "second activation period") AP2 is supplied through the j-th compensation scan line SCLj, the third transistor T3 is turned on. The first transistor T1 is connected in a diode manner through the thus turned-on third transistor T3 to be forward biased. The first activation period AP1 may not overlap with the second activation period AP2.

[0105] The j-th write scan signal SWj is activated during the second activation period AP2. The j-th write scan signal SWj is at a low level during the activation period (hereinafter referred to as the "fourth activation period") AP4. During the fourth activation period AP4, the second transistor T2 is turned on in response to the low level of the j-th write scan signal SWj. In this case, a compensation voltage (Di-Vth) is applied to the third electrode of the first transistor T1. Here, the compensation voltage ("Di-Vth") can correspond to the result of subtracting the threshold voltage (Vth) of the first transistor T1 from the voltage of the i-th data signal Di supplied from the i-th data line DL1. That is, the potential of the third electrode of the first transistor T1 can be the compensation voltage ("Di-Vth"). The fourth activation period AP4 can overlap with the second activation period AP2. The duration of the second activation period AP2 can be greater than the duration of the fourth activation period AP4.

[0106] The first driving voltage ELVDD and the compensation voltage (“Di-Vth”) can be applied to the opposite terminals of capacitor Cst, and the charge corresponding to the voltage difference between the opposite terminals of capacitor Cst can be stored in capacitor Cst. Here, the high-level period of the j-th compensation scan signal SCj can be referred to as the “compensation period” of pixel PXij.

[0107] Simultaneously, the j-th black scan signal SBj is activated during the second activation period AP2 of the j-th compensation scan signal SCj. The j-th black scan signal SBj has a low level during the activation period (hereinafter referred to as the "third activation period") AP3. During the third activation period AP3, the seventh transistor T7 is turned on by receiving the low-level j-th black scan signal SBj via the j-th black scan line SBLj. A portion of the drive current Id can flow out through the seventh transistor T7 as a bypass current Ibp. The third activation period AP3 may overlap with the second activation period AP2. The duration of the second activation period AP2 may be longer than the duration of the third activation period AP3. The third activation period AP3 may precede the fourth activation period AP4 and may not overlap with the fourth activation period AP4.

[0108] When pixel PXij displays a black image, it may fail to display a black image correctly if the light-emitting element ED emits light even when the minimum drive current of the first transistor T1 flows as the drive current Id. Therefore, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the seventh transistor T7 in pixel PXij can cause a portion of the minimum drive current of the first transistor T1 to flow out (or be diverted) as a bypass current Ibp to a current path different from the current path to the light-emitting element ED. Here, the minimum drive current of the first transistor T1 refers to the current flowing into the first transistor T1 when the first transistor T1 is turned off because its gate-source voltage (Vgs) is less than the threshold voltage (Vth). When the first transistor T1 is turned off, a black grayscale image is displayed when the minimum drive current (e.g., 10 pA or less) flowing into the first transistor T1 is supplied to the light-emitting element ED. When pixel PXij displays a black image, the bypass current Ibp has a relatively large influence on the minimum drive current. On the other hand, when pixel PXij displays images such as regular or white images, the bypass current Ibp has a small effect on the drive current Id. Therefore, when displaying a black image, the current corresponding to the result of subtracting the bypass current Ibp flowing through the seventh transistor T7 from the drive current Id (i.e., the light-emitting current Ied) is provided to the light-emitting element ED, and thus the black image can be clearly displayed. Therefore, by using the seventh transistor T7, pixel PXij can achieve an accurate black grayscale image, and thus the contrast can be relatively improved.

[0109] Next, the j-th transmit control signal EMj supplied from the j-th transmit control line EMLj transitions from a high level to a low level. The fifth transistor T5 and the sixth transistor T6 are turned on by the low-level transmit control signal EMj. In this case, because there is a difference between the voltage at the third electrode of the first transistor T1 and the first drive voltage ELVDD, a drive current Id is generated. Therefore, the generated drive current Id is supplied to the light-emitting element ED through the sixth transistor T6, and thus, the light-emitting current Ied flows through the light-emitting element ED.

[0110] Back Figure 4A The sensor FXdj is connected to the readout lines RL1 to RLh (see...). Figure 3 The d-th readout line RLd, the j-th write scan line SWLj, and the reset control line SRL are in the range.

[0111] The sensor FXdj includes a light-receiving element OPD and a sensor driving circuit O_SD. As an example of this disclosure, the light-receiving element OPD may be an organic photodiode that includes an organic material as a photoelectric conversion layer. Figure 4AThe diagram illustrates a structure in which the sensor FXdj includes a light receiving element OPD, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the sensor FXdj may include multiple light receiving elements OPD connected in parallel with each other.

[0112] The anode electrode of the light-receiving element OPD can be connected to the first sensing node SN1. The cathode electrode of the light-receiving element OPD can be connected to the second driving voltage line VL2 that transmits the second driving voltage ELVSS. The cathode electrode of the light-receiving element OPD can be electrically connected to the cathode electrode of the light-emitting element ED. As an example of this disclosure, the cathode electrode of the light-receiving element OPD can be integrated with the cathode electrode of the light-emitting element ED to form a common cathode electrode.

[0113] The sensor driving circuit O_SD includes three transistors ST1 to ST3. The three transistors ST1 to ST3 may include a reset transistor ST1, an amplifying transistor ST2, and an output transistor ST3. At least one of the reset transistor ST1, the amplifying transistor ST2, and the output transistor ST3 may be an oxide semiconductor transistor (OSB). As an example of this disclosure, the reset transistor ST1 may be an OSB, and the amplifying transistor ST2 and the output transistor ST3 may be LTPS transistors. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. The reset transistor ST1 and the output transistor ST3 may be OSBs, and the amplifying transistor ST2 may be an LTPS transistor.

[0114] Furthermore, some of the transistors in the reset transistor ST1, amplifying transistor ST2, and output transistor ST3 may be P-type transistors, and the other transistors in the reset transistor ST1, amplifying transistor ST2, and output transistor ST3 may be N-type transistors. As an example of this disclosure, the amplifying transistor ST2 and output transistor ST3 may be P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) transistors, and the reset transistor ST1 may be an NMOS transistor. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, all transistors ST1, ST2, and ST3 may be either N-type or P-type transistors.

[0115] A subset of the reset transistor ST1, amplifying transistor ST2, and output transistor ST3 (e.g., reset transistor ST1) may be a transistor of the same type as each of the third transistor T3 and the fourth transistor T4 of pixel PXij. The amplifying transistor ST2 and the output transistor ST3 may be of the same type as the first transistor T1, the second transistor T2, and the fifth transistor T5 through the eighth transistor T8 of pixel PXij.

[0116] The circuit configuration of the sensor driving circuit O_SD according to this disclosure is not limited to... Figure 4A The circuit configuration shown. Figure 4A The sensor driver circuit O_SD shown is merely an example, and the configuration of the sensor driver circuit O_SD can be modified and implemented.

[0117] The reset transistor ST1 includes a first electrode receiving a reset voltage Vrst, a second electrode connected to a first sensing node SN1, and a third electrode receiving a reset control signal SR. The reset transistor ST1 can reset the potential of the first sensing node SN1 to the reset voltage Vrst in response to the reset control signal SR. The reset control signal SR can be a signal provided via a reset control line SRL. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the reset control signal SR can be a j-th compensation scan signal SCj supplied via a j-th compensation scan line SCLj. That is, the reset transistor ST1 can receive the j-th compensation scan signal SCj supplied via the j-th compensation scan line SCLj as the reset control signal SR. As an example of this disclosure, during the activation period of the reset control signal SR, the reset voltage Vrst can have a lower voltage level than the second drive voltage ELVSS. The reset voltage Vrst can be transmitted to the sensor FXdj via the reset voltage line VRL. The reset voltage Vrst can be a DC voltage maintained at a voltage level lower than the second drive voltage ELVSS.

[0118] The reset transistor ST1 may include multiple sub-reset transistors connected in series with each other. For example, the reset transistor ST1 may include two sub-reset transistors (hereinafter referred to as "first sub-reset transistor and second sub-reset transistor"). In this case, the third electrode of the first sub-reset transistor and the third electrode of the second sub-reset transistor are connected to the reset control line SRL. Furthermore, the second electrode of the first sub-reset transistor and the first electrode of the second sub-reset transistor may be electrically connected to each other. Additionally, a reset voltage Vrst may be applied to the first electrode of the first sub-reset transistor, and the second electrode of the second sub-reset transistor may be electrically connected to the first sensing node SN1. However, the number of sub-reset transistors is not limited to this and can be varied or modified.

[0119] The amplifying transistor ST2 includes a first electrode receiving a sensing drive voltage SLVD, a second electrode connected to a second sensing node SN2, and a third electrode connected to a first sensing node SN1. The amplifying transistor ST2 is turned on in response to the potential of the first sensing node SN1 to apply the sensing drive voltage SLVD to the second sensing node SN2. As an example of this disclosure, the sensing drive voltage SLVD may correspond to one of a first drive voltage ELVDD, a first initialization voltage Vint, and a second initialization voltage Vaint. When the sensing drive voltage SLVD is the first drive voltage ELVDD, the first electrode of the amplifying transistor ST2 may be electrically connected to a first drive voltage line VL1. When the sensing drive voltage SLVD is the first initialization voltage Vint, the first electrode of the amplifying transistor ST2 may be electrically connected to a first initialization voltage line VIL. When the sensing drive voltage SLVD is the second initialization voltage Vaint, the first electrode of the amplifying transistor ST2 may be electrically connected to a second initialization voltage line VAIL.

[0120] Output transistor ST3 includes a first electrode connected to the second sensing node SN2, a second electrode connected to the d-th readout line RLd, and a third electrode for receiving an output control signal. Output transistor ST3 can transmit the sensing signal FSd to the d-th readout line RLd in response to the output control signal. The output control signal can be the j-th write scan signal SWj supplied via the j-th write scan line SWLj. That is, output transistor ST3 can receive the j-th write scan signal SWj supplied from the j-th write scan line SWLj as the output control signal.

[0121] The light-receiving element (OPD) of the FXdj sensor can be exposed to light during the emission cycle of the light-emitting element (ED). Light can then be output from the ED.

[0122] When the user's hand US_F (see Figure 1 Touch display surface IS (see) Figure 1When the light-receiving element OPD receives light reflected from the ridges or valleys of the fingerprint, the photocharger generates photocharge corresponding to the light reflected by the ridges or valleys between the ridges of the fingerprint. The amount of current flowing through the light-receiving element OPD is changed by the generated photocharge. When the light-receiving element OPD receives light reflected from the ridges of the fingerprint, the current flowing through the light-receiving element OPD can be referred to as the "first current". When the light-receiving element OPD receives light reflected from the valleys of the fingerprint, the current flowing through the light-receiving element OPD can be referred to as the "second current". Because there is a difference in light intensity between the light reflected from the ridges and the light reflected from the valleys of the fingerprint, the difference in light intensity is the difference between the first current and the second current. When the first current flows through the light-receiving element OPD, the potential of the first sensing node SN1 can be referred to as the "first potential". When the second current flows through the light-receiving element OPD, the potential of the first sensing node SN1 can be referred to as the "second potential". As an example of this disclosure, the first current can be greater than the second current. In this case, the first potential can be lower than the second potential.

[0123] The amplifying transistor ST2 can be a source follower amplifier that generates a source-drain current proportional to the potential of the first sensing node SN1 input to the third electrode of the amplifying transistor ST2.

[0124] During the fourth activation cycle AP4, the low-level j-th write scan signal SWj is supplied to the output transistor ST3 through the j-th write scan line SWLj. When the output transistor ST3 is turned on in response to the low-level j-th write scan signal SWj, the sensing signal FSd corresponding to the current flowing through the amplifying transistor ST2 can be output to the d-th readout line RLd.

[0125] Next, when a high-level reset control signal SR is supplied through the reset control line SRL during the reset cycle, the reset transistor ST1 is turned on. The reset cycle can be defined as the activation period of the reset control signal SR (i.e., the high-level period). Alternatively, when the reset transistor ST1 is composed of a P-type transistor, a low-level reset control signal SR can be supplied to the reset control line SRL during the reset cycle. During the reset cycle, the potential of the first sensing node SN1 can be reset to a potential corresponding to the reset voltage Vrst. As an example of this disclosure, the reset voltage Vrst can have a lower voltage level than the second drive voltage ELVSS.

[0126] Next, when the reset cycle ends, the optical receiving element OPD can generate an optical charge corresponding to the received light, and the generated optical charge can accumulate in the first sensing node SN1.

[0127] Figure 5A This illustrates the element layer DP_ED according to some embodiments of this disclosure (see also...). Figure 2) and optical layer OTL (see Figure 2 (A floor plan of the building). Figure 5B It is shown Figure 5A A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0128] Reference Figure 5A and Figure 5B Component layer DP_ED (see Figure 2 It includes multiple light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_G1, ED_G2 and ED_B, as well as multiple light-receiving elements OPD.

[0129] The light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_G1, ED_G2, and ED_B can be grouped into multiple reference unit RPUs. As an example of this disclosure, each reference unit RPU may include four light-emitting elements (i.e., a first light-emitting element (hereinafter referred to as the "red light-emitting element") ED_R, a second light-emitting element (hereinafter referred to as the "blue light-emitting element") ED_B, and two third light-emitting elements (hereinafter referred to as the "first green light-emitting element") ED_G1 and (hereinafter referred to as the "second green light-emitting element") ED_G2. However, the number of light-emitting elements included in each reference unit RPU is not limited thereto. Alternatively, each reference unit RPU may include three light-emitting elements (i.e., a red light-emitting element ED_R, a blue light-emitting element ED_B, and a green light-emitting element (one of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2)).

[0130] As an example of this disclosure, a red light-emitting element ED_R outputs a first color light (e.g., red light), and a blue light-emitting element ED_B outputs a second color light (e.g., blue light) different from the first color light. Each of a first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and a second green light-emitting element ED_G2 outputs a third color light (e.g., green light) different from both the first and second color lights. The green light output from the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 may have the same wavelength as the green light output from the second green light-emitting element ED_G2.

[0131] In the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2, red light-emitting elements ED_R and blue light-emitting elements ED_B can be placed alternately and repeatedly. First green light-emitting elements ED_G1 and second green light-emitting elements ED_G2 are placed alternately and repeatedly in the first direction DR1 and in the second direction DR2.

[0132] As an example of this disclosure, the red light-emitting element ED_R may have a larger size than the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2. Furthermore, the blue light-emitting element ED_B may have a size greater than or equal to the size of the red light-emitting element ED_R. The size of each of the light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_G1, ED_G2, and ED_B is not limited thereto and various modifications and applications are possible. For example, according to some embodiments of this disclosure, the light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_G1, ED_G2, and ED_B may have the same size as each other.

[0133] Each of the red light-emitting element ED_R, the blue light-emitting element ED_B, the first green light-emitting element ED_G1, and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 can have a polygonal shape (e.g., one of a rhombus, square, rectangle, hexagon, and octagon), a circular shape, or an elliptical shape. The first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 can have different shapes from the red light-emitting element ED_R and the blue light-emitting element ED_B. As an example of this disclosure, each of the red light-emitting element ED_R and the blue light-emitting element ED_B can have a rhombus shape with rounded corners, and each of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 can have an octagonal shape. Each of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 can have an octagonal shape that extends in a particular direction. The extending direction of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 can intersect (or be perpendicular to) the extending direction of the second green light-emitting element ED_G2. The extension direction of each of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 can be an oblique direction (e.g., a diagonal direction) relative to the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2.

[0134] One of a plurality of optical receiving element (OPD) can be positioned to correspond to a corresponding reference unit (RPU). However, the number of optical receiving element (OPD) positioned to correspond to a corresponding reference unit (RPU) is not limited thereto. For example, two optical receiving element (OPD) can be positioned to correspond to a corresponding reference unit (RPU).

[0135] Multiple optical receiving elements (OPDs) are placed in a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2. Each of the optical receiving elements (OPDs) is placed between a red light-emitting element ED_R and a blue light-emitting element ED_B in the first direction DR1, and between a first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and a second green light-emitting element ED_G2 in the second direction DR2.

[0136] As an example of this disclosure, each of the plurality of optical receiving elements OPDs may have the same or different shape as each of the light emitting elements ED_G1, ED_G2, ED_R, and ED_B. Figure 5B In this configuration, each of the multiple optical receiving elements (OPDs) has a square shape. However, the multiple optical receiving elements (OPDs) can each have various shapes, such as different polygonal shapes (e.g., rhombus, rectangle, hexagon, or octagon), circular shapes, or elliptical shapes.

[0137] Each of the plurality of optical receiving elements (OPDs) may have a size less than or equal to that of the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 and the second green light-emitting element ED_G2. However, the size of each of the plurality of optical receiving elements (OPDs) is not particularly limited thereto and can be applied while being modified in various ways.

[0138] Optical layer OTL (see Figure 2 The optical layer OTL can be formed on the element layer DP_ED. The optical layer OTL can include multiple transmission holes. These transmission holes include a first transmission hole TH1 corresponding to the light-receiving element OPD and a second transmission hole TH2 corresponding to the light-emitting elements ED_G1, ED_G2, ED_R, and ED_B. The second transmission hole TH2 can include a second-first transmission hole TH_R corresponding to the red light-emitting element ED_R, a second-second transmission hole TH_B corresponding to the blue light-emitting element ED_B, a second-third transmission hole TH_G1 corresponding to the first green light-emitting element ED_G1, and a second-fourth transmission hole TH_G2 corresponding to the second green light-emitting element ED_G2.

[0139] The second-1 transmission aperture TH_R may have the same (or corresponding) shape as the red light-emitting element ED_R. The second-2 transmission aperture TH_B may have the same (or corresponding) shape as the blue light-emitting element ED_B. The second-3 transmission aperture TH_G1 may have the same (or corresponding) shape as the first green light-emitting element ED_G1. The second-4 transmission aperture TH_G2 may have the same (or corresponding) shape as the second green light-emitting element ED_G2. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the second-1 transmission aperture TH_R may have a different shape than the red light-emitting element ED_R. The second-2 transmission aperture TH_B may have a different shape than the blue light-emitting element ED_B. The second-3 transmission aperture TH_G1 may have a different shape than the first green light-emitting element ED_G1. The second-4 transmission aperture TH_G2 may have a different shape than the second green light-emitting element ED_G2.

[0140] Red light generated by the red light-emitting element ED_R is output through the 2-1 transmission aperture TH_R. Blue light generated by the blue light-emitting element ED_B is output through the 2-2 transmission aperture TH_B. First green light generated by the first green light-emitting element ED_G1 is output through the 2-3 transmission aperture TH_G1. Second green light generated by the second green light-emitting element ED_G2 is output through the 2-4 transmission aperture TH_G2.

[0141] Each of the first transmission apertures TH1 provides a channel through which external light can pass into the light-receiving element OPD. The first transmission apertures TH1 may have the same or different shape as the light-receiving element OPD. As an example of this disclosure, in Figure 5A and Figure 5B In this structure, each of the first transmission apertures TH1 has a shape different from that of the light receiving element OPD. For example, each of the first transmission apertures TH1 may have an elliptical shape. Each of the first transmission apertures TH1 may have a major axis and a minor axis. The major axis may be parallel to a fourth direction DR4 that is inclined relative to the first direction DR1. The minor axis may be parallel to a fifth direction DR5 that is inclined relative to the second direction DR2. For example, the fourth direction DR4 may be inclined at an angle of 45° relative to the first direction DR1, and the fifth direction DR5 may be inclined at an angle of 45° relative to the second direction DR2. The fourth direction DR4 may be orthogonal to the fifth direction DR5.

[0142] As an example of this disclosure, the major axis of the corresponding first transmission aperture TH1 is parallel to the polarization layer POL (see [link]). Figure 2 The transmission axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 is parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing layer POL, and the minor axis of the corresponding first transmission aperture TH1 is parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing layer POL. In other words, the corresponding first transmission aperture TH1 can have an elliptical shape that extends in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing layer POL.

[0143] Meanwhile, the light receiving element OPD can have a shape in which the width in the fourth direction DR4 parallel to the transmission axis is the same as the width in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis (e.g., a square shape).

[0144] Figure 6A and Figure 6B It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 5A The cutting line I-I' shown intercepts the display device DD (see...). Figures 1 to 3 Cross-sectional view of ). Figure 7A It is along Figure 5B The display module DM is cut off by the cutting line II-II' shown in the figure (see Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of ). Figure 7B It is along Figure 5BThe cross-sectional view of the display module DM is shown by cutting line III-III'.

[0145] Reference Figure 6A The display panel DP can include a substrate layer BL, a circuit layer DP_CL, a component layer DP_ED, and a package layer TFE.

[0146] The substrate layer BL may include a synthetic resin layer. The synthetic resin layer may include a thermosetting resin. Specifically, the synthetic resin layer may be a polyimide resin layer, and the material of the synthetic resin layer is not particularly limited thereto. The synthetic resin layer may include at least one of acrylate resins, methacrylate resins, polyisoprene, vinyl resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, cellulose resins, siloxane resins, polyamide resins, and perylene resins. Furthermore, the substrate layer BL may include a glass substrate, a metal substrate, or an organic / inorganic composite substrate, etc.

[0147] At least one inorganic layer is formed on the upper surface of the substrate layer BL. The inorganic layer may include at least one of alumina, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, zirconium oxide, and hafnium oxide. The inorganic layer may be formed by multiple layers.

[0148] The circuit layer DP_CL is located on the base layer BL. The circuit layer DP_CL can include... Figure 4A The pixel driving circuit P_PD shown includes transistors T1 to T8 and capacitor Cst. Additionally, the circuit layer DP_CL may include... Figure 4A The sensor drive circuit O_SD shown in the figure has transistors ST1 to ST3.

[0149] The component layer DP_ED is located on the circuit layer DP_CL. The component layer DP_ED can include... Figure 5A and Figure 5B The light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_B, ED_G1, and ED_G2, and the light-receiving element OPD are shown in the diagram. Figure 6A In the example, the blue light-emitting element ED_B and the light-receiving element OPD are shown, but other light-emitting elements ED_R, ED_G1 and ED_G2 can also have similar cross-sectional structures.

[0150] The blue light-emitting element ED_B may include a pixel anode electrode PEL, a first hole transport layer HTL1, a light-emitting layer EML, an electron transport layer ETL, and a common cathode electrode CEL. The light-receiving element OPD may include a sensor anode electrode SEL, a second hole transport layer HTL2, an electron blocking layer EBL, a light-receiving layer LRL, an electron transport layer ETL, and a common cathode electrode CEL.

[0151] Each of the pixel anode electrode (PEL) and the sensor anode electrode (SEL) can comprise a metallic material or a transparent conductive material. The pixel anode electrode (PEL) can be connected to... Figure 4A The second electrode of the sixth transistor T6 shown. The sensor anode electrode SEL can be connected to Figure 4A The second electrode of the reset transistor ST1 shown.

[0152] A pixel-defining film (PDL) can be provided on a circuit layer (DP_CL), on which a pixel anode electrode (PEL) and a sensor anode electrode (SEL) are formed. The PDL can define a pixel opening (POP) for exposing a portion (e.g., a defined or predetermined portion) of the pixel anode electrode (PEL) and a sensor opening (SOP) for exposing a portion (e.g., a defined or predetermined portion) of the sensor anode electrode (SEL). A blue light-emitting element (ED_B) can have a shape corresponding to the shape of the pixel opening (POP). That is, the shape of the blue light-emitting element (ED_B) can be determined by the shape of the pixel opening (POP). A light-receiving element (OPD) can have a shape corresponding to the shape of the sensor opening (SOP). That is, the shape of the light-receiving element (OPD) can be determined by the shape of the sensor opening (SOP). As an example of this disclosure, the size of the pixel opening (POP) can be larger than the size of the sensor opening (SOP).

[0153] The pixel-defining film (PDL) can be an organic insulating layer made of organic materials. Organic materials may include acrylic resins, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyamide resins, or polyimide resins, etc. As an example of this disclosure, the pixel-defining film (PDL) may include a light-absorbing material for absorbing light from the outside, or the pixel-defining film (PDL) may have a structure coated with a light-absorbing agent. The light-absorbing material may include a carbon-based black pigment. The light-absorbing agent may include an opaque metallic material with high light absorption, such as chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), an alloy of molybdenum and titanium (MoTi), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), or nickel (Ni).

[0154] A first hole transport layer HTL1 is positioned on the pixel anode electrode PEL exposed through the pixel opening POP, and a light-emitting layer EML is positioned on the first hole transport layer HTL1. Holes can move through the first hole transport layer HTL1 to the light-emitting layer EML. The light-emitting layer EML may include organic and / or inorganic light-emitting materials. The light-emitting layer EML of the blue light-emitting element ED_B can generate blue light. However, the color of the generated light can therefore vary depending on the type of light-emitting material included in the light-emitting layer EML.

[0155] The second hole transport layer HTL2 is positioned on the sensor anode electrode SEL exposed through the sensor opening SOP, and the light receiving layer LRL is positioned on the second hole transport layer HTL2. Holes can move through the second hole transport layer HTL2 to the light receiving layer LRL. The second hole transport layer HTL2 may comprise the same material as the first hole transport layer HTL1. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Depending on the materials of the light emitting layer EML and the light receiving layer LRL, the first hole transport layer HTL1 and the second hole transport layer HTL2 may comprise the same material or different materials.

[0156] As an example of this disclosure, an electron blocking layer EBL can be placed between a second hole transport layer HTL2 and a light receiving layer LRL. The electron blocking layer EBL can block the movement of charge from the light receiving layer LRL to the second hole transport layer HTL2. Alternatively, the electron blocking layer EBL can be omitted.

[0157] A light-receiving layer (LRL) can sense light intensity by emitting electrons in response to light of a specific wavelength. The LRL can comprise low-molecular-weight organic materials or high-molecular-weight organic materials.

[0158] An electron transport layer (ETL) can be provided on the light-emitting layer (EML) and the light-receiving layer (LRL). The ETL can also be directly provided to multiple pixels (PX) (see [link to ETL documentation]). Figure 3 ) and multiple sensors FX (see Figure 3 ).although Figure 6A Not shown in the diagram, but functional layers such as hole injection layers and electron injection layers can be attached to the element layer DP_ED.

[0159] A common cathode electrode (CEL) can be provided on the electron transport layer (ETL). The common cathode electrode (CEL) can be publicly provided to multiple pixels (PX) and multiple sensors (FX). The common cathode electrode (CEL) may include a transparent conductive material.

[0160] The encapsulation layer TFE can be positioned on the component layer DP_ED. The encapsulation layer TFE may include inorganic layers, organic layers, and inorganic layers stacked sequentially. The inorganic layers may include inorganic materials and can protect the pixel PX from moisture / oxygen. The organic layers may include organic materials and can protect the pixel PX and sensor FX from foreign matter such as dust particles.

[0161] An optical layer (OTL) can be provided on the encapsulation layer (TFE). The OTL may include a black matrix (BM) and an outer coating (OCL). The black matrix (BM) can absorb or block light introduced from the outside. The black matrix (BM) may include an organic light-shielding material. For example, the organic light-shielding material may include, but is not limited to, carbon black and titanium black. The black matrix (BM) may be positioned to overlap with the pixel-defined film (PDL).

[0162] Multiple transmission apertures can be provided on the optical layer OTL through a black matrix BM. Figure 6A The diagram shows a first transmission aperture TH1 corresponding to the light-receiving element OPD and a second-second transmission aperture TH_B corresponding to the blue light-emitting element ED_B. The size of the second-second transmission aperture TH_B can be larger than the size of the first transmission aperture TH1.

[0163] The outer coating OCL can be provided as covering the black matrix BM and the encapsulation layer TFE exposed through multiple transmission holes. The outer coating OCL may include an organic insulating material. The outer coating OCL can be provided with a thickness sufficient to remove the step between the black matrix BM and the encapsulation layer TFE. The material of the outer coating OCL is not particularly limited, as long as the material is capable of planarizing the upper surface of the optical layer OTL at a given thickness, and the material of the outer coating OCL may include, for example, an acrylic organic material.

[0164] The input sensing layer ISL can be positioned on the outer coating OCL, and the polarization layer POL can be positioned on the input sensing layer ISL. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Figure 6B As shown, the input sensing layer ISLa can be directly positioned on the encapsulation layer TFE, and the optical layer OTLa can be provided on the input sensing layer ISLa. Figure 6B The configuration of the optical layer OTLa shown is consistent with Figure 6A The optical layer OTL shown has the same configuration, and therefore redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0165] Reference Figures 6A to 7B The polarization layer POL can be positioned on the input sensing layer ISL or the optical layer OTLa. The polarization layer POL can include a transmission axis Tx and an absorption axis orthogonal to the transmission axis Tx. As an example of this disclosure, the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL can be parallel to the fourth direction DR4 and perpendicular to the fifth direction DR5.

[0166] The minor axis TH1_S of the first transmission aperture TH1 can be perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL, and the major axis TH1_L of the first transmission aperture TH1 can be parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL. Therefore, the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL can be smaller than the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 in the fourth direction DR4 parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL.

[0167] Meanwhile, the light receiving element OPD can have the same width OPD_w in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5. Even when the light receiving element OPD has the same width OPD_w in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5, the width of the fingerprint area that the light receiving element OPD can obtain in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5 can be different from each other depending on the shape of the first transmission aperture TH1.

[0168] The width of the fingerprint region (hereinafter referred to as "first fingerprint capture region FCA1") that the optical receiving element OPD can obtain in the fourth direction DR4 is referred to as "first width". The width of the fingerprint region (hereinafter referred to as "second fingerprint capture region FCA2") that the optical receiving element OPD can obtain in the fifth direction DR5 is referred to as "second width". As an example of this disclosure, the second width may be smaller than the first width.

[0169] When the width of the second fingerprint capturing region FCA2 of the light-receiving element OPD decreases in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, it can block light reflected from the peripheral region in the fifth direction DR5 (i.e., noise light) from incident on the light-receiving element OPD. In other words, when the width of the second fingerprint capturing region FCA2 narrows, noise light can be removed, and therefore the light-receiving element OPD can clearly receive light with different intensities for the valleys and ridges of the fingerprint. Therefore, the light-receiving element OPD can obtain a clear fingerprint image for fingerprints parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0170] Figure 8A This is a plan view showing the shape of the first transmission aperture TH1r of the optical layer according to the comparative example. Figure 8B This is a graph showing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based on the angle between the extension direction of the fake fingerprint and the transmission axis of the polarization layer. Figure 8C This is a diagram showing a fake fingerprint image IFPa perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 8D This is a diagram illustrating a fake fingerprint image IFPb parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0171] exist Figure 8B In the diagram, the x-axis indicates the angle between the transmission axis and the extension direction of the fake fingerprint, and the y-axis indicates the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Figure 8B In the diagram, the first curve Gh1 is a curve showing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured when the optical layer according to the comparative example has a first transmission aperture TH1r, and the second curve Gh2 is a curve showing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured when the optical layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has a first transmission aperture TH1r. Figure 5B The curve of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measured at the first transmission aperture TH1 is shown.

[0172] Reference Figure 8A and Figure 8B According to the comparative example, the first transmission aperture TH1r of the optical layer can have the same shape as the light receiving element OPDr (e.g., a square shape). In this case, the first transmission aperture TH1r can have a polarizing layer POL therein (see...). Figure 7A ) in parallel to the transmission axis Tx (see Figure 7A The structure has the same width in the fourth direction DR4 as in the fifth direction DR5, which is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx.

[0173] In the comparative example, when the width of the transmission axis Tx of the first transmission aperture TH1r perpendicular to the polarization layer POL is not narrower than the width of the first transmission aperture TH1r parallel to the transmission axis Tx, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a fingerprint extending in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx can be reduced compared to the SNR for a fingerprint extending in the direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx. That is, as shown in the first curve Gh1, a relatively blurry fingerprint image can be obtained when the SNR is reduced.

[0174] like Figure 5B As shown, when the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 narrows in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx, noise light incident on the corresponding light receiving element OPD in the fifth direction DR5 can be blocked. In other words, when the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 narrows in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx, the difference in light intensity reflected from the valleys and ridges of the fingerprint that repeatedly appear in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx can be clearly seen. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for fingerprints extending in the direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx can be increased. Thus, even for fingerprints extending in the direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx, the light receiving element OPDr can obtain a relatively clear fingerprint image.

[0175] In other words, as in Figure 8B As shown in the second curve Gh2, a generally consistent signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be obtained even when the angle between the extension direction of the fake fingerprint and the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL changes. Therefore, the display device DD (see...) can be relatively improved. Figure 3 Biometric information recognition performance (e.g., fingerprint recognition rate).

[0176] Figure 8C The image IFPa shows a fake fingerprint where the extension direction of the fake fingerprint is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx. Figure 8DThe diagram shows a fake fingerprint image IFPb in which the fake fingerprint extends parallel to the transmission axis Tx. When the fake fingerprint in the fake fingerprint image IFPb extends in the fifth direction DR5, perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx, the light-receiving element OPDr is relatively less affected by reflected light, and thus a clear fingerprint image can be obtained. However, when the fake fingerprint in the fake fingerprint image IFPb extends in the fourth direction DR4, parallel to the transmission axis Tx, the light-receiving element OPDr may be significantly affected by reflected light. However, as... Figure 5B As shown, when the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 in the fifth direction DR5 is reduced compared to the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 in the fourth direction DR4, the light receiving element OPD can be less affected by reflected light, and therefore the light receiving element OPDr can obtain a clear fingerprint image even for fake fingerprints extending in a direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0177] Therefore, the sensor FX can be relatively improved (see Figure 3 The reliability of the display device DD (see [reference]) can be improved, and the reliability of the display device DD can be improved relatively. Figure 3 Biometric information recognition performance (e.g., fingerprint recognition rate).

[0178] Figures 9A to 9C This is a plan view showing the shapes of the light-receiving elements OPDa, OPDb, OPDc and the first transmission aperture TH1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. However, in Figures 9A to 9C Among the components shown, the same reference numerals are assigned to... Figure 5B The components shown are the same components, and therefore detailed descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0179] Reference Figure 9A The optical receiving element OPDa can have a polarization layer POL (see [link]). Figure 2 ) in parallel to the transmission axis Tx (see Figure 7A The shape (e.g., circular shape) has the same width in the fourth direction DR4 as its width in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx.

[0180] The first transmission aperture TH1 provides a channel through which external light enters the light receiving element OPDa. The first transmission aperture TH1 may have the same or a different shape as the light receiving element OPDa. As an example of this disclosure, in Figure 9A In this configuration, the first transmission aperture TH1 has a shape different from that of the light receiving element OPDa. For example, the first transmission aperture TH1 may have an elliptical shape.

[0181] As an example of this disclosure, the major axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 is parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL, and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL. In other words, the first transmission aperture TH1 may have an elliptical shape that extends in a direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarizing layer POL.

[0182] In other words, the circular light-receiving element OPDa can have the same width in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5. However, even when the light-receiving element OPDa has the same width in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5, the width of the fingerprint area that the light-receiving element OPDa can obtain in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5 can be different from each other depending on the shape of the first transmission aperture TH1.

[0183] When the width of the first transmission aperture TH1 in the fifth direction DR5, perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, decreases, it can block light reflected from the peripheral region in the fifth direction DR5 (i.e., noise light) from incident on the light receiving element OPDa. In other words, because the noise light is removed, the light receiving element OPDa can clearly receive light with different intensities for the valleys and ridges of the fingerprint. Therefore, the light receiving element OPDa can obtain a clear fingerprint image for a fingerprint parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0184] Reference Figure 9B The light-receiving element OPDb has the same shape as the first transmission aperture TH1. For example, each of the first transmission aperture TH1 and the light-receiving element OPDb can have an elliptical shape. The light-receiving element OPDb can have a major axis and a minor axis. The major axis can be parallel to the fourth direction DR4, which is parallel to the polarization layer POL (see...). Figure 2 The transmission axis Tx (see) Figure 7A The short axis can be parallel to the fifth direction DR5, which is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0185] Similarly, the major axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 is parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL. In other words, each of the first transmission aperture TH1 and the light receiving element OPDb can have an elliptical shape that extends in a direction parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0186] When the width of the light-receiving element OPDb decreases in the fifth direction DR5, which is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, even if there is light reflected from the peripheral region in the fifth direction DR5 (i.e., noise light), the reflected light can be incident on the light-receiving element OPDb less. In other words, the light-receiving element OPDb is less affected by noise light, and therefore the light-receiving element OPDb can obtain a clear fingerprint image for fingerprints parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0187] Reference Figure 9C The light-receiving element OPDc has a shape different from that of the first transmission aperture TH1. For example, the first transmission aperture TH1 may have a shape parallel to the polarization layer POL (see...). Figure 2 The transmission axis Tx (see) Figure 7A The light receiving element OPDc can have an elliptical shape that extends along the fourth direction DR4, and the light receiving element OPDc can have an elliptical shape that extends along the fifth direction DR5, which is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0188] The major axis of the optical receiving element OPDc can be perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, and the minor axis of the optical receiving element OPDc can be parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL. The major axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 can be parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 can be perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0189] As an example of this disclosure, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the light-receiving element OPDc (hereinafter referred to as the "first ratio") may differ from the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1 (hereinafter referred to as the "second ratio"). For example, the first ratio may be smaller than the second ratio. Even in this case, when the first transmission aperture TH1 is formed asymmetrically with respect to the light-receiving element OPDc, the light-receiving element OPDc can still obtain a clear fingerprint image for a fingerprint parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0190] Figures 10A to 10C This is a plan view showing the shapes of the light receiving element OPDd and the first transmission apertures TH1a, TH1b, and TH1c according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0191] Reference Figure 10A and Figure 10B The optical receiving element OPDd can have a polarization layer parallel to the POL (see...) Figure 2 The transmission axis Tx (see) Figure 7A The shape (e.g., elliptical shape) whose width in the fourth direction DR4 is different from its width in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx.

[0192] The first transmission aperture TH1a or TH1b provides a channel through which external light enters the light-receiving element OPDd. The first transmission aperture TH1a or TH1b may have the same or different shape as the light-receiving element OPDd. As an example of this disclosure, in Figure 10A and Figure 10B In this process, the first transmission aperture TH1a or TH1b has a shape different from that of the light receiving element OPDd.

[0193] As an example of this disclosure, the first transmission aperture TH1a or TH1b may have the same shape (e.g., a circular shape or a square shape) with a width in the fourth direction DR4 parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL and a width in the fifth direction DR5 perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx.

[0194] In other words, even when the first transmission aperture TH1a or TH1b has the same width in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5, the width of the fingerprint area that the light receiving element OPDd can obtain in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5 can be different from each other due to the elliptical shape of the light receiving element OPDd.

[0195] Even if the first transmission apertures TH1a or TH1b have the same width in the fourth direction DR4 and the fifth direction DR5, when the width of the light-receiving element OPDd in the fifth direction DR5 decreases, the width of the obtainable fingerprint area in the fifth direction DR5 can also decrease. Therefore, light reflected from the peripheral area in the fifth direction DR5 (i.e., noise light) can be blocked from incident on the light-receiving element OPDd. In other words, the fingerprint image obtained by the light-receiving element OPDd can be prevented from being blurred by noise light.

[0196] Reference Figure 10C The light-receiving element OPDd has a shape different from that of the first transmission aperture TH1c. For example, the light-receiving element OPDd may have a shape parallel to the polarization layer POL (see...). Figure 2 The transmission axis Tx (see) Figure 7A The first transmission aperture TH1c may have an elliptical shape extending in the fourth direction DR4, and may have an elliptical shape extending in the fifth direction DR5, which is perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0197] The major axis of the light receiving element OPDd can be parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, and the minor axis of the light receiving element OPDd can be perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL. The major axis of the first transmission aperture TH1c can be perpendicular to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL, and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1c can be parallel to the transmission axis Tx of the polarization layer POL.

[0198] As an example of this disclosure, the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the light-receiving element OPDd (hereinafter referred to as the "first ratio") may differ from the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the first transmission aperture TH1c (hereinafter referred to as the "second ratio"). For example, the second ratio may be smaller than the first ratio. Even in this case, by forming a light-receiving element OPDd that is asymmetrical to the first transmission aperture TH1, the light-receiving element OPDd can obtain a clear fingerprint image for a fingerprint parallel to the transmission axis Tx.

[0199] The display device according to some embodiments can be applied to various electronic devices. The electronic device according to some embodiments may include the above-described display device, and may also include modules or devices with other additional functions.

[0200] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of an electronic device 10_E according to some embodiments.

[0201] Reference Figure 11 According to some embodiments, the electronic device 10_E may include a display module 11, a processor 12, a memory 13, and a power module 14.

[0202] The processor 12 may include at least one of a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), an image signal processor (ISP), and a controller.

[0203] The data required for the operation of the processor 12 or the display module 11 can be stored in the memory 13. When the processor 12 executes the application stored in the memory 13, image data signals and / or input control signals can be sent to the display module 11, and the display module 11 can process the provided signals and output image information through the display screen.

[0204] The power module 14 may include a power module such as a power adapter or battery device, and a power conversion module that converts the power supplied by the power supply module and generates the power required for the operation of the electronic device 10_E.

[0205] At least one of the components of the electronic device 10_E described above may be included in the display device according to the above embodiment. Furthermore, some of the individual modules functionally included in a single module may be included in the display device, and others of the individual modules may be provided separately from the display device. For example, the display device may include a display module 11, and the processor 12, memory 13, and power module 14 may be provided as other devices within the electronic device 10_E besides the display device.

[0206] Figure 12A schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments is shown.

[0207] Reference Figure 12 The various electronic devices used in the display device according to the embodiment may include not only electronic devices for displaying images (such as smartphones 10_1a, tablet PCs 10_1b, laptop computers 10_1c, televisions (TVs) 10_1d or desktop monitors 10_1e), but also wearable electronic devices (such as smart glasses 10_2a, head-mounted displays 10_2b or smartwatches 10_2c) that include a display module, and vehicle electronic devices 10_3 that include a display module (such as a central information display (CID) or a rearview mirror display located on the dashboard, center console or instrument panel of a vehicle).

[0208] Although some aspects of embodiments of this disclosure have been described for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure as disclosed in the appended claims. Therefore, the technical scope of this disclosure is not limited to the detailed description herein, but should be defined by the claims.

[0209] As described above, when the width of the fingerprint capture area of ​​the light-receiving element decreases in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis of the polarization layer, light reflected from the peripheral area (i.e., noise light) can be blocked from entering the light-receiving element. In other words, when the width of the fingerprint capture area narrows, because noise light is removed, the light-receiving element can clearly receive light with different intensities for the valleys and ridges of the fingerprint. Therefore, the light-receiving element can obtain a clear fingerprint image for fingerprints parallel to the transmission axis.

[0210] Therefore, even when the angle between the fingerprint's extension direction and the transmission axis of the polarization layer changes, a generally consistent signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained. This allows for a relative improvement in the biometric information recognition performance of the display device (e.g., fingerprint recognition rate).

[0211] While some aspects of embodiments of this disclosure have been described with reference to examples thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this disclosure as set forth in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized by comprising: The display device includes: Matrix layer; A circuit layer on the substrate layer; A component layer, located on the circuit layer, includes light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements; An optical layer, on the element layer, having a first transmission aperture corresponding to the light receiving element; and A polarizing layer is placed on the optical layer and configured to have a transmission axis. The first transmission aperture has a shape in which the width in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis is smaller than the width in the direction parallel to the transmission axis.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The light receiving element has a shape different from that of the first transmission aperture.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein The first transmission aperture has an elliptical shape comprising a major axis parallel to the transmission axis and a minor axis perpendicular to the transmission axis.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein The light-receiving element has a shape in which the width in the direction parallel to the transmission axis is the same as the width in the direction perpendicular to the transmission axis.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein The light receiving element has a square or circular shape.

6. The display device according to claim 3, wherein The light receiving element has a shape comprising a long axis perpendicular to the transmission axis and a short axis parallel to the transmission axis.

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein The ratio between the long axis and the short axis of the light receiving element is different from the ratio between the long axis and the short axis of the first transmission aperture.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein The light receiving element has the same shape as the first transmission aperture.

9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein The first transmission aperture has a major axis parallel to the transmission axis and a minor axis perpendicular to the transmission axis, and The light receiving element has a shape comprising a long axis parallel to the transmission axis and a short axis perpendicular to the transmission axis.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein The ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the light receiving element is equal to the ratio between the major axis and the minor axis of the first transmission aperture.

Images