A high-torque transmission gear shaft machining clamp

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high-torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture, belonging to the field of gear shaft machining technology. The gear shaft machining fixture includes an operating table with clamping components at both ends. These clamping components are of two types: movable and rotary. The high-torque transmission gear shaft is placed on the operating table and fixed by the movable clamping component. The rotary clamping component drives its rotation. The rotary clamping component includes a turntable and a three-jaw clamp fixed to its surface. The three-jaw clamp includes a support bowl, with multiple clamping rods equidistantly arranged around the outer wall of the support bowl. A clamping block is integrally connected to the end of each clamping rod. The upper surface of the clamping block is horizontal, and a retractable locking block is centrally located on the upper surface of the clamping block. In this utility model, the rotary clamping component achieves double fixation through "clamping block arc surface fitting against the gear shaft + locking block embedded in the sawtooth gap," resulting in stronger lateral resistance and effectively preventing gear shaft displacement during high-torque transmission machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of gear shaft machining technology, specifically relating to a high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture. Background Technology

[0002] In high-torque transmission equipment (such as heavy machinery transmission systems, new energy vehicle powertrains, and industrial reducers), gear shafts, as core transmission components, directly determine the torque transmission efficiency and operational stability of the equipment through their machining accuracy. These gear shafts typically need to withstand instantaneous torques of hundreds to thousands of Newton-meters. Therefore, the machining requirements for the cylindricity of the shaft body, the accuracy of the sawtooth profile, and the flatness of the end mating surfaces are extremely high. Especially in key processes such as sawtooth flash trimming and shaft shoulder grinding, it is necessary to ensure that the gear shaft has no radial offset or circumferential movement during machining.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN116352299A discloses a rotating mechanism for clamping a three-jaw chuck, including a base and a chuck assembly. Two vertical plates are fixed on the base, and the chuck assembly is installed between the two vertical plates via a rotating shaft. Through the cooperation between the structures, the worm wheel first idles and rotates a certain angle, and then the worm wheel is connected to the rotating shaft through a connecting assembly. This allows the part of the worm wheel that is subjected to force to mesh with the worm to be different each time, avoiding the same part of the worm wheel from being subjected to meshing force for a long time and thus accelerating wear, thereby reducing the wear rate of the worm wheel.

[0004] Traditional three-jaw chucks only radially clamp the outer wall of the gear shaft with their jaws, without designing a limiting mechanism for the serrated structure. Under high-torque machining or when the gear shaft is heavy, the shaft is prone to misalignment due to the dispersion of clamping force, resulting in deviations in the serrated cutting dimensions and even scrapping the workpiece. Although some fixtures have added axial anti-contact structures, the anti-contact force cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the machining load, making it difficult to meet the high-precision machining requirements of high-torque transmission gear shafts. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0006] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A high-torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture includes an operating table with clamping components at both ends. The clamping components are of two types: movable and rotary. The high-torque transmission gear shaft is placed on the operating table and fixed by the movable clamping component. The rotary clamping component drives the shaft to rotate. The rotary clamping component includes a turntable and a three-jaw clamp fixed on its surface. The three-jaw clamp includes a support bowl fixed on the turntable. Multiple clamping rods are arranged equidistantly around the outer wall of the support bowl. The clamping rods can rotate at an angle around the outer wall of the support bowl. A clamping block is integrally connected to the end of the clamping rod. The inner surface of the clamping block is formed into an arc shape, and the upper surface of the clamping block is a horizontal plane. A retractable locking block is provided in the center of the upper surface of the clamping block. When one end of the gear shaft is clamped on the three-jaw clamp, the locking block is located between the teeth of the gear shaft, achieving lateral contact and fixation.

[0008] Preferably, a groove is provided in the center of the upper surface of the clamping block, the clamping block is slidably connected in the groove, limit grooves are provided on both sides of the groove, and limit blocks are correspondingly provided on the clamping block, and the inner side of the clamping block is cut into an inclined surface.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the clamping block is provided with a receiving cylinder, the internal cavity structure of which is the same as the shape of the clamping block. A spring is fixedly installed inside the receiving cylinder, and the bottom of the clamping block is connected to the end of the spring. When the saw blade cuts the flash on the gear shaft, the cutting tool retracts into the groove when it comes into contact with the clamping block. When the cutting tool moves away from the clamping block, the clamping block is reset by the spring.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side wall of the cup is provided with a connecting ear, and the clamping rod is rotatably connected to the connecting ear by a pin. The end of the clamping rod is provided with a hook-shaped structure. A column is provided in the center of the cup, and an abutting column is slidably connected to the column. The abutting column protrudes from the cup, and multiple connecting rods are rotatably connected to the side of the abutting column in a ring shape. A through groove is provided on the side of the cup for the connecting rods to pass through. The end of the connecting rod contacts the hook-shaped end of the clamping rod.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the support bowl is provided with multiple spring pieces around the column. The spring pieces contact the abutting column. When the end of the gear shaft contacts the column through the movable clamping assembly, the gear shaft squeezes the abutting column, causing the abutting column to squeeze the spring pieces. The connecting rod installed on the abutting column extends outward to contact the end of the clamping rod, causing the clamping block at the upper end of the clamping rod to clamp the end of the gear shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the movable clamping assembly includes a sliding plate, a cylinder, and a three-jaw chuck, wherein the sliding plate is slidably connected to the upper surface of the operating table, and a cylinder is installed on the sliding plate, and the output end of the cylinder is connected to the three-jaw chuck, and the jaws on the three-jaw chuck have a trapezoidal structure.

[0013] Preferably, the upper surface of the operating table has multiple waist holes at equal intervals, the slide plate covers the waist holes, and the lower surface of the slide plate has a slider that slides in connection with the waist holes. The lower surface of the operating table is equipped with a telescopic rod, and the output end of the telescopic rod is connected to one of the sliders.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) The rotating clamping assembly of this utility model has a double fixation of "clamping block arc surface fits the gear shaft + card block embedded in the saw tooth gap", which has a stronger lateral resistance and can effectively prevent the gear shaft from shifting during high torque transmission processing. At the same time, the trapezoidal claw of the movable clamping assembly can further limit from the other end. The overall clamping structure can meet the high torque processing requirements. Furthermore, the card block achieves telescopic reset through spring. When cutting the saw tooth flash of the gear shaft, it can automatically avoid the cutting tool. After the tool leaves, it can quickly reset and fix without manual adjustment. The structure of the abutment post, spring and connecting rod can automatically drive the clamping rod to clamp according to the size of the gear shaft end, which is suitable for processing gear shafts of different specifications. The linkage structure of the abutment post + connecting rod + spring in the cup does not require manual adjustment of the clamping rod. The clamping block can be automatically clamped by the abutment force of the gear shaft end, which simplifies the clamping operation and reduces the clamping time.

[0015] (2) In this utility model, the mobile clamping assembly drives the three-jaw chuck with a cylinder and, together with the telescopic rod, drives the slide plate to slide along the waist hole, which can quickly adjust the clamping position and automatically clamp; the three-jaw chuck of the rotating clamping assembly does not require manual adjustment of each clamping rod. Automatic clamping can be triggered after the gear shaft contacts, reducing manual operation steps and improving processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the gear shaft machining fixture of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 The three-dimensional gear shaft machining fixture of this utility model Figure 1 .

[0018] Figure 3 The three-dimensional gear shaft machining fixture of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view of the gear shaft machining fixture of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-claw clamping platform structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the three-jaw clamping platform of this utility model.

[0023] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows: 100. Operating table; 101. Waist hole; 102. Slide plate; 103. Telescopic rod; 200. Cylinder; 201. Three-jaw chuck; 300. Turntable; 400. Three-jaw clamp; 401. Support bowl; 4011. Connecting ear; 402. Abutment post; 4021. Connecting rod; 403. Clamping rod; 4031. Clamping block; 4032. Slide groove; 4033. Spring; 4034. Limiting block; 4035. Locking block; 4036. Receiving cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments. The present invention provides the following embodiments.

[0027] See Figure 2-4This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the high-torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture in this embodiment. The gear shaft machining fixture uses the operating table 100 as the core load-bearing base, which is integrally forged from high-strength alloy steel and nitrided to harden the surface, effectively resisting deformation caused by cutting forces and vibrations during machining and ensuring the stability of the fixture during long-term use. The clamping components symmetrically arranged at both ends of the operating table 100 respectively undertake the core functions of "fixed positioning" and "rotation drive". The two work together to achieve precise control of the entire process of gear shaft from clamping to machining, which is especially suitable for the high-precision machining requirements of gear shafts in high-torque transmission scenarios. It can effectively avoid the problems caused by unstable clamping in traditional fixtures. The gear tooth surface machining error is controlled. The rotating clamping assembly, as the core structure driving the gear shaft rotation, consists of a turntable 300 and a three-jaw chuck 400. The turntable 300 is driven by a servo motor and equipped with a high-precision planetary reducer. It can achieve uniform rotation or intermittent indexing according to the machining requirements, meeting the machining conditions of different parts of the gear shaft. The turntable 300 adopts the DRTS150L-HBB model from Beijing Jingdiao. The turntable 300 and the operating table 100 are connected by a high-precision crossed roller bearing. The radial runout of the bearing is controlled within 0.003mm, further improving the coaxiality of the turntable during rotation and ensuring the center stability of the gear shaft during machining. The three-jaw clamp 400, fixed on the surface of the turntable 300, uses the cup 401 as the basic support component. The inner wall of the cup 401 adopts a conical surface design with a cone half angle of 15°, which precisely fits with the conical positioning surface at the end of the gear shaft to achieve initial centering. At the same time, the cup 401 is made of high-strength ductile iron, which has both rigidity and toughness, avoiding damage to the surface of the gear shaft during clamping.

[0028] See Figure 5 , Figure 7 In this embodiment, three clamping rods 403 are equidistantly arranged around the outer wall of the cup 401, and are rotatably connected to the connecting lugs 4011 via pins. This ensures the flexibility of the clamping rods during rotation and avoids uneven clamping force caused by jamming. The clamping block 4031, integrally formed at the end of the clamping rod 403, is structurally designed to fully adapt to the shape characteristics of the gear shaft: the arc-shaped surface on the inner surface allows for a large-area fit between the clamping block and the shaft, dispersing the clamping force and preventing plastic deformation of the shaft due to excessive local pressure; the upper surface is designed as a horizontal plane, providing an installation reference for the clamping block 4035 and serving as an auxiliary positioning surface during processing, allowing for calibration of the axial position of the gear shaft with the help of a dial indicator; Figure 6In the center of the upper surface of the clamping block 4031, the retractable locking block 4035 is a key component for achieving lateral contact and fixation of the gear shaft. Its core function is to prevent circumferential movement of the gear shaft during rotational machining. The locking block 4035 is slidably connected to the clamping block 4031 via a sliding groove 4032. The limiting grooves on both sides of the sliding groove 4032 cooperate with the limiting blocks 4034 on the locking block 4035, ensuring smooth sliding of the locking block while limiting its lateral displacement, ensuring that the locking block is always aligned with the sawtooth gap of the gear shaft. The inclined surface cut on the inner side of the locking block 4035 has an inclination angle of 30°. This design guides the locking block to slide smoothly into the sawtooth gap when the gear shaft is clamped. In addition, during the machining process, when the cutting tool approaches, the inclined surface can reduce the interference between the tool and the clamping block, avoiding damage to the tool. To achieve the automatic reset function of the clamping block 4035, the receiving cylinder 4036 at the bottom of the clamping block 4031 adopts a closed structure, and the internal cavity is perfectly matched with the shape of the clamping block 4035, ensuring that the clamping block slides without deviation. The spring 4033 installed in the receiving cylinder 4036 is a cylindrical helical compression spring made of stainless steel. Its elastic coefficient has been precisely calculated, and the initial elastic force is set to 50-80N. This ensures that the clamping block is stably locked in the serration gap, and can be easily compressed when the cutting tool comes into contact with it, avoiding additional resistance to the tool. When the saw teeth of the gear shaft are being trimmed to remove burrs, the cutting tool moves along the tooth surface to the position of the locking block. It first contacts the inclined surface of the locking block and applies pressure, causing the locking block to retract into the slide groove 4032 against the spring force. At this time, the tool can smoothly complete the burr trimming. After the tool moves away, the spring pushes the locking block to reset under its own elastic force and re-locks into the saw tooth gap, continuously maintaining the circumferential positioning of the gear shaft. The whole process does not require manual intervention, which greatly improves the processing efficiency.

[0029] exist Figure 6In the middle, the centering drive structure inside the cup 401 is also precisely designed: the centrally located column is integrally formed with the cup 401, and the coaxiality error between its axis and the axis of the turntable 300 does not exceed 0.005mm; the abutment column 402, which is slidably connected to the column, has a chrome-plated outer surface with a plating thickness of 0.01-0.02mm and a surface roughness Ra0.4μm, which reduces the coefficient of friction with the inner wall of the column and ensures smooth sliding. The three connecting rods 4021, which are rotatably connected around the side of the abutment post 402, are made of high-strength aluminum alloy (6061-T6), which are lightweight and rigid. The two ends of the connecting rods are connected to the abutment post and clamping rod through fisheye bearings, which can adapt to multi-angle rotation and avoid motion interference. The through groove opened on the side of the support cup 401 is long enough to meet the maximum swing stroke of the connecting rod, ensuring that the movement of the connecting rod is not hindered. The three spring pieces set around the bottom of the support cup 401 around the column have excellent elastic recovery performance. One end of the spring piece is fixed to the bottom of the support cup, and the other end is in contact with the bottom of the abutment post 402. In the initial state, the spring piece is in a slightly compressed state, providing upward support force for the abutment post. When the gear shaft moves from the movable clamping assembly to the rotary clamping assembly and abuts against the abutment post 402, the axial thrust of the gear shaft causes the abutment post 402 to slide downward along the column, further compressing the spring sheet. During this process, the abutment post 402 drives one end of the connecting rod 4021 to move downward synchronously, while the other end of the connecting rod extends outward along the through groove, applying an outward thrust to the hook-shaped end of the clamping rod 403, causing the clamping rod 403 to rotate upward around the pin. Ultimately, this drives the upper clamping block 4031 to move closer to the gear shaft, achieving automatic clamping of the gear shaft end. This structure utilizes the clamping thrust of the gear shaft itself to trigger the clamping action, eliminating the need for an additional drive device. This simplifies the fixture structure while improving the clamping response speed, and the clamping force is consistent with the axial thrust of the gear shaft. The force is proportional and can be flexibly adjusted according to processing requirements. The movable clamping assembly undertakes the functions of contact fixing and axial positioning of the gear shaft. The slider set at the bottom slides and engages with the waist hole 101 on the operating table 100. The waist holes 101, which are equidistantly opened on the upper surface of the operating table 100, are designed according to the length range of the gear shafts that the fixture is compatible with, ensuring that the slide plate can be flexibly adjusted along the waist hole to meet the clamping requirements of gear shafts of different specifications. The cylinder 200 installed on the slide plate 102 is a compact cylinder, which is sufficient to provide the axial contact force required for gear shaft processing. The piston rod end of the cylinder 200 is connected to the three-jaw chuck 201 through a floating joint, which can compensate for installation errors, avoid additional bending moment between the cylinder and the three-jaw chuck, and protect the cylinder piston rod.

[0030] exist Figure 4In this embodiment, the three-jaw chuck 201 serves as the core clamping component of the movable clamping assembly. The model can be the K11160 from Zhejiang Yuanpai Machine Tool Accessories Co., Ltd. Its jaws feature a trapezoidal structure design, with the upper base width matching the gear shaft body and the lower base width exceeding the upper base to ensure sufficient contact area between the jaws and the shaft body. The jaw surface is sandblasted to increase surface friction and prevent slippage of the gear shaft during axial contact. The clamping range of the three-jaw chuck 201 can be adjusted by changing the jaw position, meeting the clamping requirements of most high-torque transmission gear shafts and ensuring synchronous movement of the three jaws. The automatic centering of the gear shaft is matched with the centering accuracy of the rotary clamping assembly to ensure the coaxiality of the gear shaft. The telescopic rod 103 installed on the lower surface of the operating table 100 is an electric push rod, equipped with a servo motor drive. Its output end is rigidly connected to one of the sliders at the bottom of the slide plate 102. The telescopic rod drives the slide plate to move along the waist hole 101 through its extension and retraction, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the position of the movable clamping assembly. The telescopic rod 103 is fixed to the operating table 100 by a reinforcing bracket. The bracket adopts an angle steel welded structure and is coated with anti-rust paint to enhance structural stability and prevent the telescopic rod from shifting due to vibration during operation.

[0031] In summary, see the following: Figure 1 The working process of this fixture is as follows: First, based on the length of the gear shaft, the telescopic rod 103 is activated via the PLC control system to adjust the slide plate 102 of the movable clamping assembly to a suitable position; the gear shaft is placed on the positioning block of the operating table 100, with one end aligned with the three-jaw chuck 400 of the rotary clamping assembly and the other end facing the three-jaw chuck 201 of the movable clamping assembly; the cylinder 200 is activated to push the three-jaw chuck 201 towards the gear shaft until the three-jaw chuck clamps the end of the gear shaft, and the pressure sensor detects the set clamping force and then stops. Stop; at this time, the other end of the gear shaft presses against the contact post 402 of the rotating clamping assembly, the spring is compressed, the connecting rod 4021 pushes the clamping rod 403 to rotate around the pin, the clamping block 4031 gathers towards the center to clamp the end of the gear shaft, and at the same time the locking block 4035 is inserted into the tooth gap; finally, the servo motor of the turntable 300 is started to drive the gear shaft to rotate at the set speed, and the cutting tool is fed to perform flash trimming or tooth surface machining. During the machining process, the locking block 4035 automatically extends and retracts with the entry and exit of the cutting tool, always maintaining lateral positioning to ensure machining accuracy and stability.

[0032] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present utility model. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present utility model is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture, comprising an operating table (100), with clamping components at both ends of the operating table (100), the clamping components being of a movable type and a rotating type, the high-torque transmission gear shaft being placed on the operating table (100), its abutment and fixation being achieved by the movable type clamping component, and its rotation being driven by the rotating type clamping component, characterized in that: The rotating clamping assembly includes a turntable (300) and a three-jaw clamping platform (400) fixed on its surface. The three-jaw clamping platform (400) includes a cup (401) fixed on the turntable (300). The outer wall of the cup (401) is provided with multiple clamping rods (403) arranged in a circumferential manner. The clamping rods (403) can rotate at an angle on the outer wall of the cup (401). The end of the clamping rod (403) is integrally connected with a clamping block (4031). The inner surface of the clamping block (4031) is opened into an arc-shaped surface. The upper surface of the clamping block (4031) is a horizontal surface. A retractable locking block (4035) is provided in the center of the upper surface of the clamping block (4031). When one end of the gear shaft is clamped on the three-jaw clamping platform (400), its locking block (4035) is located between the teeth of the gear shaft to achieve lateral contact and fixation.

2. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the clamping block (4031) is provided with a centrally located sliding groove (4032), and the locking block (4035) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (4032). Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the sliding groove (4032), and corresponding limiting blocks (4034) are provided on the locking block (4035). The inner side of the locking block (4035) is cut into an oblique surface.

3. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the clamping block (4031) is provided with a receiving cylinder (4036). The internal cavity structure of the receiving cylinder (4036) is the same as that of the clamping block (4035). A spring (4033) is fixedly installed inside the receiving cylinder (4036), and the bottom of the clamping block (4035) is connected to the end of the spring (4033). When the saw teeth of the gear shaft are being cut to remove the flash, the cutting tool will retract into the slide groove (4032) when it comes into contact with the clamping block (4035). When the cutting tool moves away from the clamping block (4035), the clamping block (4035) will be reset by the spring (4033).

4. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side wall of the cup (401) is provided with a connecting ear (4011). The clamping rod (403) is rotatably connected to the connecting ear (4011) by a pin. The end of the clamping rod (403) is provided with a hook-shaped structure. A column is provided in the center of the cup (401). A contact post (402) is slidably connected to the column. The contact post (402) protrudes from the cup (401). Multiple connecting rods (4021) are rotatably connected to the side of the contact post (402). A through groove is provided on the side of the cup (401) for the connecting rods (4021) to pass through. The end of the connecting rod (4021) contacts the hook-shaped end of the clamping rod (403).

5. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the support bowl (401) is provided with multiple spring pieces around the column. The spring pieces abut against the abutting column (402). When the end of the gear shaft abuts against the movable clamping assembly, the gear shaft squeezes the abutting column (402), causing the abutting column (402) to squeeze the spring pieces. The connecting rod (4021) installed on the abutting column (402) extends outward to abut against the end of the clamping rod (403), causing the clamping block (4031) at the upper end of the clamping rod (403) to clamp the end of the gear shaft.

6. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable clamping assembly includes a slide plate (102), a cylinder (200), and a three-jaw chuck (201). The slide plate (102) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the operating table (100), and the cylinder (200) is mounted on the slide plate (102). The output end of the cylinder (200) is connected to the three-jaw chuck (201), and the jaws on the three-jaw chuck (201) are trapezoidal in shape.

7. The high torque transmission gear shaft machining fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper surface of the operating table (100) is provided with a plurality of waist holes (101) at equal intervals. The sliding plate (102) covers the waist holes (101), and the lower surface of the sliding plate (102) is provided with a slider that is slidably connected to the waist holes (101). The lower surface of the operating table (100) is equipped with a telescopic rod (103), and the output end of the telescopic rod (103) is connected to one of the sliders.

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