A drill rod thread turning oscillating device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to lathe design technical field, specifically disclose a kind of drill rod thread turning oscillation device. The oscillation shaft mechanism of device is slidably arranged on main cutting shaft mechanism;The horizontal fixed setting of main cutting shaft mechanism's bed saddle has the chute perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed, sliding plate is slidably arranged on chute, servo drive unit I is fixed on bed saddle and drive end is connected with sliding plate;The guide rail of oscillation shaft mechanism is parallel to chute and is fixed on sliding plate, base is slidably arranged on guide rail, rotary turret is fixedly connected with base, servo drive unit II is fixed on sliding plate and drive end is connected with base;The control circuit of rotary turret and servo drive unit I, servo drive unit II are electrically connected with numerical control system respectively, numerical control system controls servo drive unit II movement to make base and rotary turret on it to and fro oscillation. The utility model has the characteristics of simple structure, low in cost, adjustment is convenient, processing efficiency and precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool design technology, specifically to a simple, low-cost, easy-to-adjust, efficient and precise oscillating device for chisel thread turning. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of rock drilling equipment in mining, tunneling, and other engineering projects, the drill rod bears the heavy responsibility of transmitting impact energy and driving the drill bit to break rocks. Its threaded connection not only has to withstand high-frequency impact loads but also needs to cope with complex torsional and tensile forces, operating in a harsh environment. Therefore, extremely high requirements are placed on the machining accuracy of the threads (such as thread angle tolerance and cumulative pitch error), surface hardness, and fatigue resistance.

[0003] Currently, traditional turning of drill rod threads faces the following key problems: First, chip handling is difficult: Drill rods are mostly made of alloy structural steel (such as 20Mn2Si) or high-strength wear-resistant steel, which easily produces continuous, tough, ribbon-like chips during the cutting process. These chips not only wrap around the cutting edge of the tool, causing a sudden rise in cutting temperature, but also scratch the surface of the machined thread, thereby reducing surface quality. Second, cutting is difficult: High-strength, wear-resistant drill rods are prone to high temperatures, tool wear, crack proliferation and propagation during the cutting process, thereby reducing tool life and machining efficiency. Third, machining accuracy is difficult to control: In traditional rigid turning, the cutting force is concentrated at the root of the thread profile, which easily causes elastic deformation of the drill rod (especially hollow drill rods), resulting in defects such as out-of-tolerance thread pitch diameter and asymmetrical thread profile.

[0004] To address the problems of traditional turning of drill rod threads, existing technologies often employ whirl milling. This utilizes the rotational motion of the milling cutter, replacing the single-edge cutting of turning with multi-edged cutting, thus improving machining efficiency, accuracy, and surface quality. However, whirl milling suffers from high equipment costs, significant tool wear, and the need for customized cutter heads, leading to higher tooling costs. It also places higher demands on workpiece rigidity and operator skill. Another approach is a combined turning and rolling / honing process. This involves rough shaping via turning followed by finishing with rolling or honing to improve surface quality and fatigue strength. While this approach balances efficiency and quality, and generates compressive stress on the thread surface to enhance fatigue resistance, the longer process route increases equipment investment, and the high precision requirements between processes result in higher costs. Currently, this method is only applicable to small-batch, high-precision thread machining and is not suitable for drill rod thread machining. To address this, a rigidly connected oscillation mechanism is integrated into the tool holder. The movement of the oscillation mechanism superimposes periodic vibrations on the cutting tool, causing the tool and workpiece to separate periodically. This breaks the chips, preventing them from becoming too long and avoiding problems such as chips wrapping around the tool edge, scratching the machined thread surface, and eliminating the concentration of cutting force at the root of the thread. However, the rigidly connected oscillation mechanism is not only difficult to flexibly adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude according to the thread specifications and machining conditions, but the rigid connection is also prone to fatigue failure under long-term oscillation.

[0005] Therefore, in order to further improve the quality and efficiency of drill rod threading, it is necessary to develop a drill rod threading turning device to solve the problems of chip entanglement, processing deformation and poor device adaptability in the existing technology, so as to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency processing of drill rod threads, while extending tool life and reducing production costs. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a simple, low-cost, easy-to-adjust, efficient, and precise oscillating device for chisel thread turning.

[0007] The oscillation device for chisel thread turning of this utility model is implemented as follows: it includes a main cutting spindle mechanism, an oscillation spindle mechanism, and a CNC system, wherein the oscillation spindle mechanism is slidably mounted on the main cutting spindle mechanism; The main cutting spindle mechanism includes a saddle, a slide groove, a slide plate, and a servo drive unit I. The saddle is horizontally fixed with a slide groove perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed. The slide plate is slidably mounted on the slide groove. The servo drive unit I is fixedly mounted on the saddle and its drive end is connected to the slide plate. The oscillating shaft mechanism includes a guide rail, a base, a rotary turret, and a servo drive unit II. The guide rail is parallel to the slide groove and is fixedly mounted on the slide plate. The base is slidably mounted on the guide rail. The rotary turret is fixedly connected to the base. The servo drive unit II is fixedly mounted on the slide plate and its drive end is connected to the base. The control circuit of the rotary turret and the servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are electrically connected to the CNC system. The CNC system controls the movement of the servo drive unit II to make the base and the rotary turret on it oscillate back and forth.

[0008] Furthermore, the servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are linear motors or servo motors connected with a lead screw and nut pair, and the moving end of the linear motor or the nut of the lead screw and nut pair is respectively connected to the slide plate and the base.

[0009] Furthermore, the servo drive unit I is a servo motor I connected to a lead screw and nut pair. The main cutting spindle mechanism has a connecting frame I fixedly installed at one end of the saddle. The servo motor I is fixedly connected to the connecting frame I. The drive shaft of the servo motor I extends into the connecting frame I and is connected to the lead screw I of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair via a coupling I. The nut I of the lead screw and nut pair of the main cutting spindle mechanism is fixedly connected to the slide plate. The oscillating shaft mechanism has a connecting frame II fixedly installed at one end of the slide plate. The servo drive unit II is a servo motor II connected to a lead screw and nut pair. The servo motor II is fixedly connected to the connecting frame II. The drive shaft of the servo motor II extends into the connecting frame II and is connected to the lead screw II of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair via a coupling II. The nut II of the lead screw and nut pair of the oscillating shaft mechanism is fixedly connected to the base.

[0010] Furthermore, a limit buffer block I or a limit switch I is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting frame I near the slide plate. The limit buffer block I or the limit switch I cooperates with the end face of the slide plate, and the signal output terminal of the limit switch I is electrically connected to the CNC system.

[0011] Furthermore, the base has an opening slot at one end near the connecting frame II, and a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the slide plate, extending upward through the opening slot. The nut II spans the opening slot and is fixed on the side near the connecting frame II. The two ends of the lead screw II are rotatably connected to the connecting frame II and the fixing plate, respectively, and cooperate with the nut II.

[0012] Furthermore, a limit buffer block II or a limit switch II is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting frame II near the nut II. The limit buffer block II or the limit switch II mates with the end face of the nut II, and the signal output terminal of the limit switch II is electrically connected to the CNC system.

[0013] Furthermore, at least two parallel sliders I are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the slide plate, and two parallel sliding grooves perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed are horizontally fixedly provided on the saddle. The sliders I at the bottom end of the slide plate slide in cooperation with the sliding grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, the slide plate is provided with at least two parallel guide rails that are parallel to each other and parallel to the slide groove, and the bottom end of the base is fixedly provided with a plurality of sliders II that slide in cooperation with the guide rails.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model forms a dual-axis follower structure by setting an oscillating shaft mechanism in parallel on the main cutting shaft mechanism. The periodic oscillation of the oscillating shaft mechanism (the CNC system controls the servo drive unit II to drive the base and the rotary turret to reciprocate) causes the tool to rotate synchronously with the spindle and oscillate periodically along the axis, thereby realizing the periodic separation of the tool and the workpiece. This breaks the continuous chips into short fragments, avoiding the problems of excessively long chips wrapping around the cutting edge and scratching the thread surface in traditional turning, and significantly improving the surface quality of the machined part.

[0016] 2. This utility model addresses the elastic deformation (diameter deviation and tooth profile asymmetry) caused by concentrated cutting forces in workpieces such as hollow drill rods and slender drill rods. By using an oscillation function to disperse the peak cutting force, it reduces the instantaneous force concentration at the root of the thread profile. At the same time, combined with the precise control of the oscillation frequency and amplitude by the CNC system (adapting to different thread specifications), it can reduce the deformation of the workpiece caused by excessive local force, effectively ensuring the accuracy indicators such as the thread diameter tolerance and tooth profile symmetry, and improving the thread machining accuracy.

[0017] 3. The oscillating cutting of this invention reduces chip breakage and minimizes rapid tool wear caused by high temperature and continuous friction. Simultaneously, the oscillation periodically removes the tool from the cutting zone, reducing heat accumulation and mitigating crack initiation and propagation, thus significantly extending tool life. Furthermore, compared to the high equipment costs of whirl milling and the lengthy process route of turning + rolling, this invention integrates oscillation functionality into turning, simplifying the process and reducing overall machining costs while ensuring quality. 4. Unlike the fixed parameters (frequency and amplitude are not adjustable) of traditional rigid oscillation mechanisms, this utility model adopts a servo-driven oscillation shaft mechanism (driven by a linear motor or lead screw and nut pair), which can flexibly adjust the oscillation parameters through a CNC system, thereby adapting to the needs of different thread specifications (such as pitch and tooth angle) and processing materials (differences in hardness and toughness).

[0018] 5. The main cutting axis and oscillating axis of this utility model adopt a layered design (saddle-slide plate-base three-stage sliding), which, together with the guide structure of the guide rail and slider, makes the operation stable and reliable. Moreover, the setting of limit buffer block / limit switch (which cooperates with the slide plate and nut end face) can prevent overtravel collision, protect the equipment and feed back the signal to the CNC system, thereby improving the safety of operation and control accuracy.

[0019] In summary, this utility model, by integrating an adjustable oscillation function, specifically solves the problems of chip entanglement, machining deformation, and tool wear in the machining of drill rod threads. While ensuring high precision and high surface quality, it reduces tool costs and process complexity. Moreover, it is highly adaptable and reliable in operation, making it an efficient and economical drill rod thread machining device, especially suitable for high-volume, high-requirement drill rod thread production scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oscillation device for chisel thread turning according to this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main cutting shaft mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the oscillation shaft mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of point A in this utility model; In the diagram: 1-Saddle, 2-Slide groove, 3-Slide plate, 4-Guide rail, 5-Base, 6-Rotary turret, 7-Connecting frame I, 8-Servo motor I, 9-Coupling I, 10-Lead screw I, 11-Connecting frame II, 12-Servo motor II, 13-Coupling II, 14-Lead screw II, 15-Limit buffer block I, 16-Open slot, 17-Fixed plate, 18-Nut II, 19-Limit buffer block II, 20-Slider II. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the oscillating device for chisel thread turning of this utility model includes a main cutting spindle mechanism, an oscillating spindle mechanism, and a CNC system. The oscillating spindle mechanism is slidably mounted on the main cutting spindle mechanism. The main cutting spindle mechanism includes a saddle 1, a slide groove 2, a slide plate 3, and a servo drive unit I. The saddle 1 is horizontally fixed with a slide groove 2 perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed. The slide plate 3 is slidably mounted on the slide groove 2. The servo drive unit I is fixedly mounted on the saddle 1 and its drive end is connected to the slide plate 3. The oscillating shaft mechanism includes a guide rail 4, a base 5, a rotary turret 6, and a servo drive unit II. The guide rail 4 is parallel to the slide groove 2 and is fixedly mounted on the slide plate 3. The base 5 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 4. The rotary turret 6 is fixedly connected to the base 5. The servo drive unit II is fixedly mounted on the slide plate 3 and its drive end is connected to the base 5. The control circuit of the rotary turret 6 and the servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are electrically connected to the CNC system. The CNC system controls the movement of the servo drive unit II to make the base 5 and the rotary turret 6 on it oscillate back and forth.

[0023] The servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are linear motors or servo motors connected with a lead screw and nut pair. The moving end of the linear motor or the nut of the lead screw and nut pair is respectively connected to the slide plate 3 and the base 5.

[0024] The servo drive unit I is a servo motor I8 connected to a lead screw and nut pair. The main cutting spindle mechanism has a connecting frame I7 fixedly installed at one end of the saddle 1. The servo motor I8 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame I7. The drive shaft of the servo motor I8 extends into the connecting frame I7 and is connected to the lead screw I10 of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair through a coupling I9. The nut I of the lead screw and nut pair of the main cutting spindle mechanism is fixedly connected to the slide plate 3. The oscillating shaft mechanism has a connecting frame II11 fixedly installed at one end of the slide plate 3. The servo drive unit II is a servo motor II12 connected to a lead screw and nut pair. The servo motor II12 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame II11. The drive shaft of the servo motor II12 extends into the connecting frame II11 and is connected to the lead screw II14 of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair through a coupling II13. The nut II18 of the lead screw and nut pair of the oscillating shaft mechanism is fixedly connected to the base 5.

[0025] The connecting frame I7 is fixedly provided with a limit buffer block I15 or a limit switch I at one end near the slide plate 3. The limit buffer block I15 or the limit switch I cooperates with the end face of the slide plate 3. The signal output terminal of the limit switch I is electrically connected to the CNC system.

[0026] The base 5 has an opening slot 16 at one end near the connecting frame II 11. A fixing plate 17 is fixedly installed on the slide plate 3, passing through the opening slot 16 and extending upward. The nut II 18 spans the opening slot 16 and is fixed on the side near the connecting frame II 11. The two ends of the lead screw II 14 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame II 11 and the fixing plate 17 respectively and cooperate with the nut II 18.

[0027] A limit buffer block II19 or a limit switch II is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting frame II11 near the nut II18. The limit buffer block II19 or the limit switch II is engaged with the end face of the nut II18. The signal output terminal of the limit switch II is electrically connected to the CNC system.

[0028] At least two parallel sliders I are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the slide plate 3. Two parallel grooves 2 are fixedly provided on the saddle 1 and are perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed. The sliders I at the bottom end of the slide plate 3 are in sliding engagement with the grooves 2.

[0029] The slide plate 3 is provided with at least two parallel guide rails 4 that are parallel to each other and parallel to the slide groove 2, and the bottom end of the base 5 is fixedly provided with a plurality of sliders II 20 that slide in cooperation with the guide rails 4.

[0030] The working principle and process of this utility model: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, when the machine tool is cutting the thread of the chisel, the servo motor I8 is started under the control of the CNC system. It drives the slide plate 3 and its oscillating shaft mechanism and the cutting tool to perform radial feed at a constant speed through the corresponding linear motor or lead screw and nut pair, completing the basic turning motion. At the same time, the servo motor II12 is started under the control of the CNC system, driving the corresponding linear motor or lead screw and nut pair to drive the base 5, the rotary turret 6 and its cutting tool, so that the cutting tool superimposed high-frequency micro-amplitude axial oscillation. The CNC system synchronously controls the dual-axis motion of the main cutting axis mechanism and the oscillating shaft mechanism. Through the built-in motion control algorithm, the tool is controlled to move along a specific path, so that the tool rotates synchronously with the spindle and performs regular oscillating reciprocating motion, so that the tool tip forms a continuous forward-backward compound trajectory, thereby making the tool periodically enter and leave the workpiece, thus controlling chip formation and solving the chip entanglement problem. Its working process includes: workpiece rotation → main cutting spindle mechanism feeds the cutting tool to the set depth → oscillating spindle mechanism starts oscillation → dual-axis synchronous thread turning is completed → oscillating spindle mechanism stops oscillation → main cutting spindle mechanism retracts the tool.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vibratory device for chisel thread turning, characterized in that: It includes a main cutting spindle mechanism, an oscillating spindle mechanism, and a CNC system, wherein the oscillating spindle mechanism is slidably mounted on the main cutting spindle mechanism; The main cutting spindle mechanism includes a saddle (1), a slide groove (2), a slide plate (3), and a servo drive unit I. The saddle (1) is horizontally fixed with a slide groove (2) perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed. The slide plate (3) is slidably disposed on the slide groove (2). The servo drive unit I is fixedly disposed on the saddle (1) and its drive end is connected to the slide plate (3). The oscillating shaft mechanism includes a guide rail (4), a base (5), a rotary turret (6), and a servo drive unit II. The guide rail (4) is parallel to the slide groove (2) and is fixedly mounted on the slide plate (3). The base (5) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (4). The rotary turret (6) is fixedly connected to the base (5). The servo drive unit II is fixedly mounted on the slide plate (3) and its drive end is connected to the base (5). The control circuit of the rotary turret (6) and the servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are electrically connected to the CNC system. The CNC system controls the movement of the servo drive unit II to make the base (5) and the rotary turret (6) on it oscillate back and forth.

2. The broach thread turning oscillating device of claim 1, wherein: The servo drive unit I and servo drive unit II are linear motors or servo motors connected with lead screw and nut pairs. The moving end of the linear motor or the nut of the lead screw and nut pair is connected to the slide plate (3) and the base (5) respectively.

3. The drill rod thread turning oscillating device of claim 2, wherein: The servo drive unit I is a servo motor I (8) connected with a lead screw and nut pair. The main cutting spindle mechanism has a connecting frame I (7) fixedly installed at one end of the saddle (1). The servo motor I (8) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame I (7). The drive shaft of the servo motor I (8) extends into the connecting frame I (7) and is connected to the lead screw I (10) of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair through a coupling I (9). The nut I of the lead screw and nut pair of the main cutting spindle mechanism is fixedly connected to the slide plate (3). The oscillation A connecting frame II (11) is fixedly installed at one end of the slide plate (3) of the shaft mechanism. The servo drive unit II is a servo motor II (12) connected with a lead screw and nut pair. The servo motor II (12) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame II (11). The drive shaft of the servo motor II (12) extends into the connecting frame II (11) and is connected to the lead screw II (14) of the corresponding lead screw and nut pair through the coupling II (13). The nut II (18) of the lead screw and nut pair of the oscillating shaft mechanism is fixedly connected to the base (5).

4. The broach thread turning oscillating device of claim 3, wherein: The connecting frame I (7) is fixedly provided with a limit buffer block I (15) or a limit switch I at one end near the slide plate (3). The limit buffer block I (15) or the limit switch I is engaged with the end face of the slide plate (3). The signal output terminal of the limit switch I is electrically connected to the CNC system.

5. The broach thread turning oscillating device of claim 3, wherein: The base (5) has an opening slot (16) at one end near the connecting frame II (11). The sliding plate (3) is fixedly provided with a fixing plate (17) that passes through the opening slot (16) and extends upward. The nut II (18) spans the opening slot (16) and is fixed on one side near the connecting frame II (11). The two ends of the lead screw II (14) are rotatably connected to the connecting frame II (11) and the fixing plate (17) respectively and cooperate with the nut II (18).

6. The broach thread turning oscillating device of claim 5, wherein: A limit buffer block II (19) or a limit switch II is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting frame II (11) near the nut II (18). The limit buffer block II (19) or the limit switch II is engaged with the end face of the nut II (18). The signal output end of the limit switch II is electrically connected to the CNC system.

7. The oscillating device for chisel thread turning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: At least two parallel sliders I are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the slide plate (3), and two parallel grooves (2) perpendicular to the axis of the drill rod to be processed are fixedly provided on the saddle (1). The sliders I at the bottom end of the slide plate (3) slide in cooperation with the grooves (2).

8. The oscillating device for chisel thread turning according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The slide plate (3) is provided with at least two parallel guide rails (4) that are parallel to each other and parallel to the slide groove (2), and the bottom end of the base (5) is fixedly provided with multiple sliders II (20) that slide in cooperation with the guide rails (4).

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