Alloy steel cutter head cutting processing tooling

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of tooling technology, and specifically relates to a tooling fixture for machining alloy steel cutting heads. It includes a tooling body with an "L"-shaped cross-section. The tooling body has a placement plate for supporting alloy steel material, and a positioning plate for positioning the alloy steel material. The tooling body has a vertical groove for the cutting blade to pass through, and the placement plate has a horizontal groove for accommodating the cutting blade. The side of the horizontal groove closest to the vertical groove is perpendicularly connected to the vertical groove. By positioning the alloy steel material to be machined, the alloy steel material only needs two cuts to form a trapezoidal contour. Specifically, the alloy steel material only needs to complete four steps: "first placement - first cut - second placement - second cut," without multiple disassemblies of the tooling or replacement of the positioning structure. Furthermore, the distance between the two cuts is achieved through a pre-designed tooling, significantly shortening the machining cycle of a single cutting head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tooling technology, and in particular relates to a tooling for cutting alloy steel cutter heads. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in tunnel engineering, the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) directly withstands the impact and wear of the ground rock and soil, requiring high-strength alloy steel as the manufacturing base material. The trapezoidal profile of the cutterhead is a key structure for ensuring cutting stability and rock-breaking efficiency; its dimensional accuracy and angular consistency directly affect the TBM's construction efficiency and service life.

[0003] Existing cutting tooling achieves trapezoidal contour forming through single or few cuts. During each clamping process, deviations easily occur between the workpiece and the tooling's positioning reference, and these deviations accumulate in subsequent cutting operations, leading to problems such as angular deviations, asymmetry of the two inclined surfaces, and inconsistent lengths of the inclined sides in the final trapezoidal contour. To compensate for these accuracy defects, an additional manual re-grinding process is required, further increasing production and time costs. In multi-stage cutting and multiple clamping processes, operators must precisely control the tooling's positioning accuracy, the feed rate of the cutting tool, and the cutting angle; deviations at each step affect the final machining quality. This places extremely high demands on the operators' professional skills and experience, not only increasing personnel training costs but also easily leading to a decrease in product qualification rate due to human error, thus affecting production stability.

[0004] Therefore, the aforementioned problems urgently need to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an alloy steel cutting tool.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A cutting fixture for alloy steel cutting tools includes a fixture body with an "L" shaped cross-section. The fixture body is provided with a placement plate for supporting alloy steel materials. The placement plate is provided with a positioning plate for positioning the alloy steel materials. The fixture body has a vertical cutting groove for the cutting tool to pass through. The placement plate has a horizontal cutting groove for accommodating the cutting tool. The side of the horizontal cutting groove closest to the vertical cutting groove is perpendicularly connected to the vertical cutting groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the tooling body includes a horizontal body plate and a vertical body plate perpendicular to one side of the horizontal body plate, the placement plate is mounted on the horizontal body plate, and the vertical knife groove is formed on the vertical body plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the placement plate is flat and attached to the top surface of the horizontal plate of the main body, and the side surface of the placement plate is attached to the vertical plate of the main body. The top surface of the placement plate is inclined upward from the side near the positioning plate to the other side. The horizontal knife groove is opened on the top surface of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the horizontal knife groove is flush with the bottom surface of the vertical knife groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning plate is installed on the top surface of the placement plate and the side of the positioning plate is attached to the vertical plate of the main body; the positioning plate is inclined backward from one side near the top surface of the placement plate to the other side.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical cutter groove includes a vertical cut I and a vertical cut II, and the horizontal cutter groove includes a horizontal cut I and a horizontal cut II. The vertical cut I and the horizontal cut I work together to perform the first cut on the alloy steel material, and the vertical cut II and the horizontal cut II work together to perform the second cut on the alloy steel material II.

[0011] Furthermore, in the first cut of the alloy steel material, point A of the alloy steel material abuts against point B at the junction of the positioning plate and the top surface of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the alloy steel material adheres to the top surface of the placement plate. The cutter enters vertically along the vertical cut I until it reaches the horizontal cut I to complete the first cut.

[0012] Furthermore, in the second cutting of the alloy steel material II, surface A of the alloy steel material II is attached to the positioning surface of the positioning plate, point C of the alloy steel material II abuts against point B at the junction of the positioning plate and the top surface of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the alloy steel material II is attached to the top surface of the placement plate. The cutter enters vertically along the vertical cut II until it reaches the horizontal cut II to complete the second cutting.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The tooling of this application positions the alloy steel material to be processed, enabling the alloy steel material to be formed into a trapezoidal contour with only two cuts. Specifically, the alloy steel material only needs to complete four steps: "first placement - first cut - second placement - second cut", without the need for multiple disassemblies of the tooling or replacement of the positioning structure; at the same time, the distance between the two cuts is achieved through the preset design of the tooling, which greatly shortens the processing cycle of a single cutter head.

[0014] 2. The core advantage of this tooling lies in its "foolproof" operating logic. Operators do not need to master complex angle calibration, dimension measurement, or equipment parameter adjustment skills. They only need to place the alloy steel material in the corresponding position according to the tooling markings to start the cutting equipment and complete the cutting. No manual intervention is required for angle control or spacing adjustment throughout the process, completely solving the pain points of "complex operating procedures and high requirements for personnel experience" in existing technologies, and significantly reducing personnel training costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the placement plate structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tooling body structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic front view of the first implementation of this utility model of cutting alloy steel material; Figure 5 This is a schematic front view of the second cutting of alloy steel material II according to this utility model; Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the trapezoidal profile cutter head body obtained after the first and second cutting of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0017] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0018] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort prior to the description are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0021] This application provides a tooling system for machining alloy steel cutting tools and a single-point needle valve hot runner system suitable for hydraulically driven equipment. The injection nozzle body focuses on the structural design and rationality of the flow path and machining. Furthermore, the heater cannot use a conventional round copper spring heating zone; the rocker arm drive position requires an opening to avoid this, and instead, an open mica heater or a copper sleeve heater is used. Additionally, the hydraulic cylinder is externally mounted and fixed to the pull rod, allowing for either a single-piece hydraulic cylinder for hydraulic drive or, according to customer requirements, pneumatic drive. This diversified product structure can meet the needs of more customers. It satisfies customers' special requirements for hot runner systems for materials prone to burns at low temperatures, leading our company's hot runner technology to expand into a larger market.

[0022] like Figure 1-6 As shown: A cutting tooling for alloy steel cutting tools includes a tooling body 1 with an L-shaped cross-section. The tooling body 1 is provided with a placement plate 2 for supporting alloy steel material 4. The placement plate 2 is provided with a positioning plate 3 for positioning the alloy steel material 4. The tooling body 1 has a vertical cutting groove 11 for the cutting tool to pass through. The placement plate 2 has a horizontal cutting groove 21 for accommodating the cutting tool. The side of the horizontal cutting groove 21 closest to the vertical cutting groove 11 is perpendicularly connected to the vertical cutting groove 11.

[0023] The placement plate 2 is an integrated extension of the horizontal section of the fixture body 1. Its top surface is a precision-milled flat surface, ensuring that the bottom surface of the alloy steel material 4 is completely in contact when placed, avoiding positioning deviations caused by uneven contact surfaces. The positioning plate 3 is a rectangular block structure welded or fixed to the top surface of the placement plate 2 with bolts and nuts. It is made of the same alloy steel as the fixture body 1, and its height is greater than 1 / 2 the thickness of the alloy steel material 4, ensuring that the sides can be completely in contact and positioned when the material is placed. Its width is greater than 1 / 2 the width of the alloy steel material 4, providing sufficient positioning contact area. After the alloy steel material 4 is placed in its position on the fixture, it can be fixed to the placement plate 2 and the fixture body 1 by using G-clamps or other fixing clamps to prevent displacement due to vibration during cutting, further improving positioning stability. Two anti-slip grips can also be installed on the outer wall of the vertical section of the fixture body 1 for easy handling by the operator; the bottom of the horizontal section can also be equipped with four adjustable support feet, which can be rotated to finely adjust the level of the fixture, ensuring that the fixture is level when fixed on the worktable of the cutting equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, the tooling body 1 includes a body horizontal plate 12 and a body vertical plate 13 perpendicular to one side of the body horizontal plate 12. The placement plate 2 is installed on the body horizontal plate 12, and the vertical knife groove 11 is opened on the body vertical plate 13.

[0025] The fixture body 1 adopts a vertically integrated molding structure of "body horizontal plate 12 + body vertical plate 13". All surfaces in contact with the alloy steel material are precision milled to a flat surface to ensure the accuracy of the alloy steel material placement. The placement plate 2 is installed on the body horizontal plate 12 using a dual fixing method of "locating pins + bolts" to ensure installation accuracy and ease of disassembly (facilitating subsequent maintenance or replacement of placement plates 2 of different specifications). The bottom surface of the placement plate 2 has two locating pin holes, and the top surface of the body horizontal plate 12 has two locating pins. During installation, the placement plate 2 is initially positioned using the locating pins to ensure that its horizontal cutter groove 21 is precisely aligned with the vertical cutter groove 11 of the body vertical plate 13. A layer of oil-resistant rubber gasket with a thickness of 0.1-0.2mm can be pasted between the mating surfaces of the placement plate 2 and the body horizontal plate 12. This fills the small gaps to ensure a tight fit and prevents cutting debris or coolant from seeping into the installation gaps, avoiding corrosion of the threaded holes or jamming of the locating pins due to long-term use, thus extending the service life of the fixture. The inner edge of the vertical cutter groove 11 (the side closest to the placement plate 2) adopts a rounded transition with a radius of 1.5-2mm (the side of the horizontal cutter groove 21 closest to the top surface 23 of the plate is also designed with a rounded transition) to avoid wear caused by sharp edges when the cutter enters and exits the groove. At the same time, the two side walls of the vertical cutter groove 11 (along the groove width direction) are precision ground planes (the two side walls of the horizontal cutter groove 21 are also designed with precision ground planes) to provide guidance for the vertical cutting of the cutter, prevent the cutter from deviating to the left or right, and ensure the flatness of the vertical cutting surface. The outer side wall of the body vertical plate 13 (the side away from the placement plate 2) is provided with a chip removal groove below the vertical cutter groove 11. The chip removal groove is connected to the vertical cutter groove 11 and can guide the chips generated during the cutting process to be discharged downward, avoiding the accumulation of chips in the vertical cutter groove 11 and causing the cutter to jam. It also facilitates subsequent cleaning and improves the smoothness of the machining process.

[0026] Furthermore, the bottom surface 22 of the placement plate 2 is flat and attached to the top surface of the main body horizontal plate 12, and the side surface of the placement plate 2 is attached to the main body vertical plate 13. The top surface 23 of the placement plate 2 is inclined upward from the side near the positioning plate 3 attached to the top surface of the main body horizontal plate 12 to the other side. The horizontal knife groove 21 is opened on the top surface 23 of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the horizontal knife groove 21 is flush with the bottom surface of the vertical knife groove 11.

[0027] Furthermore, the positioning plate 3 is installed on the top surface 23 of the placement plate, and the side of the positioning plate 3 is attached to the vertical plate 13 of the main body; the positioning plate 3 is inclined backward from one side near the top surface 23 of the placement plate to the other side.

[0028] Furthermore, the vertical cutter groove 11 includes a vertical cut I 111 and a vertical cut II 112, and the horizontal cutter groove 21 includes a horizontal cut I 211 and a horizontal cut II 212. The vertical cut I 111 and the horizontal cut I 211 work together to cut the alloy steel material 4 for the first time, and the vertical cut II 112 and the horizontal cut II 212 work together to cut the alloy steel material II 5 for the second time.

[0029] First cut: The vertical cut I111 and the horizontal cut I211 work together. The cutter first feeds along the vertical direction of the vertical cut I111, cutting from the top surface of the alloy steel material 4 to the bottom of the grooves of the vertical cut I111 and the horizontal cut I211, completing the cutting of the alloy steel material; forming the first side slope of the trapezoidal profile. During the cutting process, the chips are discharged through the chip removal groove.

[0030] Second cut: The vertical cut II112 and the horizontal cut II212 work together. The alloy steel material II with the first side bevel after the first cut rotates 180° clockwise. The side to be cut moves away from the positioning plate 3. The first side bevel after the first cut is attached to the positioning surface 31 of the positioning plate 3. The cutter feeds along the vertical direction of the vertical cut II112 and cuts from the top surface of the alloy steel material II5 to the bottom of the groove of the vertical cut II112 and the horizontal cut II212, completing the cutting of the alloy steel material II5 and forming the second side bevel of the trapezoidal contour. The bevels of the two cuts and the bottom plane together form a complete trapezoidal contour. During the cutting process, the chips are discharged through the chip discharge groove.

[0031] The two cuts formed by vertical cut I111 and horizontal cut I211, and vertical cut II112 and horizontal cut II212 are exactly the same size, which can be used with the same specification of cutting tool. There is no need to change the cutting tool or adjust the cutting tool parameters. The two cutting conversions can be completed by simply switching the cutting coordinates through the CNC system of the cutting tool equipment, which simplifies the operation process.

[0032] Furthermore, during the first cut of the alloy steel material 4, point A 41 of the alloy steel material 4 abuts against point B 6 at the junction of the positioning plate 3 and the top surface 23 of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the alloy steel material 4 adheres to the top surface 23 of the placement plate. The cutter enters vertically along the vertical cut I111 until it reaches the horizontal cut I211 to complete the first cut.

[0033] Point B6 is the junction of the positioning surface 31 and the top surface 23 of the placement plate. It is the core reference point for positioning the alloy steel material 4 during the first cut, and its structure and position must meet the requirements of "unique reference and precise positioning". Point B6 is the intersection line between the bottom edge of the positioning surface 31 and the top surface 23 of the placement plate.

[0034] Point A41 is the positioning reference point on the alloy steel material 4. It needs to be precisely aligned with point B6 to achieve material positioning. The specific requirements are as follows: Point A41 is located on the bottom edge of the side of the alloy steel material 4 closest to the positioning plate 3. The material 4 is a cuboid blank, and its side closest to the positioning plate 3 is rectangular. The bottom edge of this side is point A41.

[0035] Furthermore, in the second cutting of alloy steel material II5, surface A 51 of alloy steel material II5 is attached to the positioning surface 31 of positioning plate 3, point C 52 of alloy steel material II5 abuts against point B 6 at the junction of positioning plate 3 and top surface 23 of placement plate, bottom surface of alloy steel material II5 is attached to top surface 23 of placement plate, and the cutter enters vertically along vertical cut II112 until it reaches the horizontal cut II212 to complete the second cutting.

[0036] Positioning surface 31 is the core reference surface of the positioning plate 3 for bonding the alloy steel material II5 on surface A 51. It needs to be compatible with the positioning reference of the first cut. Positioning surface 31 is a vertical plane on the side of the positioning plate 3 near the vertical cut II112. It is precision ground to ensure flatness, so that the bottom surface of material II5 can be stably bonded to the top surface 23 of the plate after bonding.

[0037] Surface A 51 is the first bevel formed by the alloy steel material 4 after the first cut, ensuring no gap when it fits the positioning surface 31. Point C 52 is the bottom edge of surface A 51.

[0038] In use, first level the fixture body 1 using the four adjustable support feet at the bottom, ensuring the top surface of the body's horizontal plate 12 is horizontal. Then, fix the body's horizontal plate 12 to the worktable of the cutting equipment using bolts, ensuring that the body's vertical plate 13 is perpendicular to the cutting tool's feed direction. The specific cutting steps are as follows: First cut: 1. Select a rectangular alloy steel billet as alloy steel material 4, and mill its bottom surface (the side to be attached to the top surface 23 of the plate) until the flatness error is ≤0.01mm; 2. Place the bottom surface of the alloy steel material 4 onto the top surface 23 of the plate, so that point A 41 of the alloy steel material 4 is in contact with point B 6, and the two are fully in contact. 3. Start the cutter and feed vertically along the vertical cut I111, cutting from the top surface of the alloy steel material 4 to the bottom of the horizontal cut I211 groove (stop after the displacement sensor detects the position), completing the vertical cutting; after penetrating the alloy steel material 4, the first side slope (i.e. the prototype of surface A 51) is formed. During the cutting process, the high-pressure cooling gas is turned on to discharge the chips into the chip discharge groove. 4. After the cutter is reset, take out the material after the first cut, mark it as alloy steel material II5, and check the flatness and roughness of the first side bevel to ensure that there are no burrs or chipped edges.

[0039] Second cut: 1. Use surface A 51 (i.e. the first side slope formed by the first cut) on alloy steel material II 5 as the bonding surface, so that surface A 51 is bonded to the positioning surface 31 of positioning plate 3, and at the same time, the bottom surface of alloy steel material II 5 is bonded to the top surface 23 of the placement plate, so that point C 52 and point B 6 abut. 2. Start the cutter and feed it vertically along the vertical cut II112 to the bottom of the horizontal cut II212 groove (stop after the displacement sensor detects the position), completing the vertical cutting; after penetrating the alloy steel material II5, a second side slope is formed, and the debris is discharged into the chip discharge groove by high-pressure cooling air; 3. After the cutter is reset, take out the alloy steel material II5, use an angle ruler to check the angle of the two inclined surfaces (error ≤ 0.1°), use calipers to check the length and height of the bottom edge of the trapezoidal profile, and check the surface roughness at the same time. If it meets the requirements, it is a qualified trapezoidal profile blank for the tunnel boring machine cutter head.

[0040] Repeat the above steps to process the next alloy steel billet.

[0041] The present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations to the present invention without departing from the technical concept of the present invention, and such modifications or variations naturally fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tooling for alloy steel cutting heads, characterized in that: The fixture includes a tool body (1) with an L-shaped cross section. The tool body (1) is provided with a placement plate (2) for supporting alloy steel material (4). The placement plate (2) is provided with a positioning plate (3) for positioning the alloy steel material (4). The tool body (1) is provided with a vertical blade groove (11) for the cutter to pass through. The placement plate (2) is provided with a horizontal blade groove (21) for accommodating the cutter. The side of the horizontal blade groove (21) near the vertical blade groove (11) is vertically connected to the vertical blade groove (11).

2. The cutting tooling for alloy steel cutting heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling body (1) includes a body horizontal plate (12) and a body vertical plate (13) perpendicular to one side of the body horizontal plate (12). The placement plate (2) is installed on the body horizontal plate (12), and the vertical knife groove (11) is opened on the body vertical plate (13).

3. The alloy steel cutting tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface (22) of the placement plate (2) is flat and attached to the top surface of the main body horizontal plate (12), and the side surface of the placement plate (2) is attached to the main body vertical plate (13). The top surface (23) of the placement plate (2) is attached to the top surface of the main body horizontal plate (12) from the side near the positioning plate (3) and tilted upward to the other side. The horizontal knife groove (21) is opened on the top surface (23) of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the horizontal knife groove (21) is flush with the bottom surface of the vertical knife groove (11).

4. The cutting tooling for alloy steel cutting heads according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning plate (3) is installed on the top surface (23) of the placement plate, and the side of the positioning plate (3) is attached to the vertical plate (13) of the main body; The positioning plate (3) is inclined backward from one side near the top surface (23) of the placement plate to the other side.

5. The alloy steel cutting tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical cutter groove (11) includes a vertical cut I (111) and a vertical cut II (112), and the horizontal cutter groove (21) includes a horizontal cut I (211) and a horizontal cut II (212). The vertical cut I (111) and the horizontal cut I (211) work together to cut the alloy steel material (4) for the first cut, and the vertical cut II (112) and the horizontal cut II (212) work together to cut the alloy steel material II (5) for the second cut.

6. The cutting tooling for alloy steel cutting heads according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the first cut of the alloy steel material (4), point A (41) of the alloy steel material (4) abuts against point B (6) at the junction of the positioning plate (3) and the top surface (23) of the placement plate. The bottom surface of the alloy steel material (4) is attached to the top surface (23) of the placement plate. The cutter enters vertically along the vertical cut I (111) until it reaches the horizontal cut I (211) to complete the first cut.

7. The alloy steel cutting tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second cutting of the alloy steel material II (5) involves the A surface (51) of the alloy steel material II (5) being attached to the positioning surface (31) of the positioning plate (3), the C point (52) of the alloy steel material II (5) being in contact with the B point (6) at the junction of the positioning plate (3) and the top surface (23) of the placement plate, and the bottom surface of the alloy steel material II (5) being attached to the top surface (23) of the placement plate. The cutter enters vertically along the vertical cut II (112) until it reaches the horizontal cut II (212) to complete the second cutting.

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