A pontoon propulsion type universal chassis and agricultural machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521453315.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-11
AI Technical Summary
[0002]我国幅员辽阔，拥有大面积的沼泽、滩涂、湿地、深泥水田等，传统农机如轮式农机、履带农机无法适应上述松软地带，无法进行高效连续的机械作业，传统农机在通过上述松软地带时，陷车频繁，无法作业，只能采用人工作业方式，效率低，产量低、对现代化农业生产产生非常不利的影响
[0014]与现有技术相比，本实用新型具有以下技术效果：将浮筒承载功能与螺旋叶片推进功能融合，替代传统行走机构，浮力自支撑、螺旋推进的通用底盘，解决松软地面陷车问题，实现深泥区域的连续机械化作业；每组浮筒组件分设前置与后置浮筒，双段分体式设计增强动力传递提升越障能力，并减少端部涌泥；圆锥形导流端头减少行进阻力，防止泥草缠绕；升降组件控制行走轮，以实现全地形适配，行走轮升起依赖行进浮筒推进实现松软路面推进，行走轮降下实现铺装路面高速转移；螺旋叶片与浮筒轴线呈非垂直夹角，两侧行进浮筒对旋提供大推力，适应流体/半流体地面；通过变速箱离合器，可独立切换动力至左/右浮筒组件(控制转向或单侧动力)，以及作业单元(驱动农机作业)，单动力源按需分配至行进/作业系统，操作灵活性高；二级传动轴通过万向节连接作业单元，允许底盘与作业单元间存在相对摆动，适应崎岖地形；标准铰接接口支持快速挂接插秧机、播种机等农机，实现一底盘多用途。
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Figure CN224739137U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically relating to a float-propelled universal chassis and agricultural machinery. Background Technology
[0002] my country has a vast territory with large areas of swamps, tidal flats, wetlands, and deep muddy paddy fields. Traditional agricultural machinery, such as wheeled and tracked machines, cannot adapt to these soft terrains and cannot perform efficient and continuous mechanized operations. Traditional machinery frequently gets stuck in these areas, rendering it unable to operate and forcing manual labor, resulting in low efficiency and low yields, which has a very negative impact on modern agricultural production. Currently, the main solution to these problems is to design lightweight machinery, but traditional lightweight designs cannot completely solve the problem. There is an urgent need for a walking mechanism that can adapt to soft ground, achieving zero-get-stuck and continuous mechanized operation. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention addresses the aforementioned technical problems by providing a universal chassis with buoyancy self-support and spiral propulsion, solving the problem of vehicles getting stuck in soft ground and enabling continuous mechanized operations in deep mud areas. The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0004] A pontoon-propelled universal chassis includes a frame, a traveling unit, and a power unit. The traveling unit includes pontoon assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame. Two sets of pontoon assemblies are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. Each set of pontoon assemblies includes at least two separately arranged traveling pontoons. Each traveling pontoon includes a hollow cylinder and spiral blades surrounding the outer wall of the hollow cylinder. The wheel mechanism includes traveling wheels and a lifting assembly for driving the traveling wheels up and down. The power unit includes a power source and a transmission device. The transmission device includes a gearbox, a first transmission mechanism for driving the traveling unit, and a second transmission mechanism for driving the working unit. A connecting seat for towing the working unit is provided on the frame.
[0005] Preferably, the hollow cylinder has a sealed hollow cavity inside, and the angle between the spiral blade and the axis of the hollow cylinder is 25°–75°.
[0006] Preferably, the spiral blades adopt a continuous spiral ribbon structure with a spiral helix angle of 15°-45°, a blade spacing of 0.3-0.7 times the diameter of the pontoon, and a blade height of 0.2-0.5 times the diameter of the pontoon.
[0007] Preferably, each group of the float assembly includes two separate traveling floats, namely a front float and a rear float, which are coaxially arranged in the same group. The front end of the front float and the rear end of the rear float are provided with conical guide ends.
[0008] Preferably, a wheel assembly is provided under the frame, the wheel assembly including a running wheel, a lifting assembly or a disassembly assembly.
[0009] Preferably, the first transmission mechanism includes a left transmission component and a right transmission component to independently drive the two sets of float assemblies to rotate in opposite directions. The left transmission component and the right transmission component each include a first output shaft and a transfer shaft that is connected to the first output shaft. The transfer shaft distributes power to the front float and the rear float on the same side through a linkage gear.
[0010] Preferably, the transfer shaft and the linkage gear are both located inside the transfer case, which is located between the front float and the rear float.
[0011] Preferably, the second transmission mechanism includes a second output shaft, and a primary transmission shaft and a secondary transmission shaft connected by a universal joint. The primary transmission shaft is driven by the second output shaft, and the secondary transmission shaft is driven by the drive shaft of the working unit.
[0012] Preferably, the gearbox is equipped with a clutch or transmission device, which switches the power output to the left transmission assembly and / or the right transmission assembly and / or the second transmission mechanism by means of the clutch.
[0013] An agricultural machine includes a float-propelled universal chassis and a working unit towed on the frame. The connecting seat is fixed at the rear of the frame and has a standard hinge interface. The working unit is a rice transplanter and has a tow frame hinged to the connecting seat.
[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following technical effects: it integrates the buoy load-bearing function with the propulsion function of the spiral blades, replacing the traditional walking mechanism; the universal chassis with buoyancy self-support and spiral propulsion solves the problem of vehicles getting stuck on soft ground and realizes continuous mechanized operation in deep mud areas; each buoy assembly is equipped with front and rear buoys, and the dual-section split design enhances power transmission, improves obstacle-crossing ability, and reduces mud inrush at the ends; the conical guide end reduces travel resistance and prevents mud and grass from getting tangled; the lifting assembly controls the walking wheels to achieve all-terrain adaptation; the walking wheels rise and rely on the propulsion of the traveling buoys to achieve propulsion on soft ground. The chassis descends to enable high-speed transfer on paved surfaces; the spiral blades are at a non-perpendicular angle to the pontoon axis, and the opposing rotation of the two traveling pontoons provides high thrust, adapting to fluid / semi-fluid surfaces; through the gearbox clutch, power can be independently switched to the left / right pontoon assembly (controlling steering or single-sided power) and the working unit (driving agricultural machinery operations), with a single power source allocated to the traveling / working system as needed, providing high operational flexibility; the secondary drive shaft connects to the working unit via a universal joint, allowing relative oscillation between the chassis and the working unit, adapting to rugged terrain; the standard articulated interface supports quick attachment of agricultural machinery such as rice transplanters and seeders, realizing multi-purpose use of a single chassis. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 1;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit and travel unit structure in Example 1;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission device structure in Example 1;
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pontoon assembly structure in Embodiment 1;
[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 2;
[0020] The diagram shows the following markings: frame 10; connecting seat 11; standard articulated interface 111; front float 21; rear float 22; hollow cylinder 231; spiral blade 232; guide end 233; traveling wheel 24; hydraulic cylinder 25; engine 30; pulley 31; gearbox 41; power input shaft 411; first output shaft 42; transfer shaft 43; linkage gear 44; transfer case 45; second output shaft 51; first-stage drive shaft 52; second-stage drive shaft 53; universal joint 54; rice transplanter seedling platform 60; trailer 61. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings:
[0022] Example 1, see Figures 1-4 This embodiment discloses a pontoon-propelled universal chassis, which includes a frame 10, a travel unit and a power unit.
[0023] The traveling unit includes pontoon assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame 10, and auxiliary wheel assemblies located below the frame 10. Two sets of pontoon assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame 10. Each set of pontoon assemblies includes two separately arranged traveling pontoons. Each traveling pontoon includes a hollow cylinder 231 and spiral blades 232 surrounding the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 231. The auxiliary wheel mechanism includes traveling wheels 24 and a lifting assembly for driving the traveling wheels 24 up and down, or a disassembly assembly for installing and removing the traveling wheels 24. The pontoon's load-bearing function is integrated with the spiral blades 232's propulsion function, replacing the traditional traveling mechanism, solving the problem of vehicles getting stuck in soft ground, and enabling continuous mechanized operations in deep mud areas. The lifting assembly controls the lifting of the traveling wheels 24. In this embodiment, there are three traveling wheels 24. The lifting assembly is a hydraulic cylinder 25. The traveling wheels 24 rise by relying on the propulsion of the traveling pontoons to achieve propulsion on soft surfaces, and the traveling wheels 24 descend to achieve high-speed transfer on paved surfaces, thus achieving all-terrain adaptability.
[0024] In practical use, the hydraulic cylinder can also be replaced with a disassembly and assembly component to control the disassembly and assembly of the traveling wheels 24. When transportation is required, the traveling wheels 24 can be installed to facilitate transportation by vehicle towing. When operation is required, the traveling wheels 24 can be removed to allow the float to contact the soft road surface for operation.
[0025] The hollow cylinder 231 has a sealed hollow cavity inside, and its volume design satisfies Archimedes' principle of buoyancy, ensuring that the total buoyancy generated by the float assembly is greater than the total weight of the chassis and its load. The helical blade 232 forms a 40° angle with the axis of the hollow cylinder 231. The helical blade 232 adopts a continuous helical ribbon structure with a helix angle of 30°, a blade spacing of 0.4 times the float diameter, and a blade height of 0.2 times the float diameter. The helical blade 232 forms a non-perpendicular angle with the float axis, and the counter-rotating pontoons on both sides provide large thrust, adapting to fluid / semi-fluid surfaces. The counter-rotating pontoon assemblies on both sides counteract torque, maintaining straight-line stability.
[0026] Each group of the float assembly includes two separate traveling floats, namely a front float 21 and a rear float 22. The front float 21 and the rear float 22 in the same group are coaxially arranged. Each group of float assemblies has a front float and a rear float 22. The dual-section split design enhances power transmission, improves obstacle crossing ability, and reduces mud inrush at the ends and the middle of the chassis. The front end of the front float 21 and the rear end of the rear float 22 are provided with conical guide ends 233. The conical guide ends 233 reduce the traveling resistance and prevent mud and grass from getting tangled.
[0027] The power unit includes a power source and a transmission device. In this embodiment, the power source is an engine 30. The engine 30 transmits power to a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (CVT) on a gearbox 41 via a pulley 31, and then to an input shaft 411. The transmission device includes a gearbox 41, a first transmission mechanism for driving the traveling unit, and a second transmission mechanism for driving the working unit. The first transmission mechanism includes a left transmission assembly and a right transmission assembly to independently drive two sets of float assemblies to rotate in opposite directions. Both the left and right transmission assemblies include a first output shaft 411. 2. A transfer shaft 43 is connected to the first output shaft 42. The transfer shaft 43 distributes power to the front float 21 and the rear float 22 on the same side through a linkage gear 44. The transfer shaft 43 and the linkage gear 44 are both installed in a transfer case 45. The transfer case 45 is located between the front float 21 and the rear float 22. The transfer case 45 distributes power to the front float 21 and the rear float 22. The transfer shaft 43 and the linkage gear 44 are sealed in the case to prevent mud and water from entering and causing malfunctions, and to ensure that the front float 21 and the rear float 22 are powered synchronously.
[0028] The second transmission mechanism includes a second output shaft 51, and a primary transmission shaft 52 and a secondary transmission shaft 53 connected by a universal joint 54. The primary transmission shaft 52 is connected to the second output shaft 51, and the secondary transmission shaft 53 is connected to the drive shaft of the working unit. The secondary transmission shaft 53 is connected to the working unit through the universal joint 54, allowing relative sway between the chassis and the working unit to adapt to rugged terrain.
[0029] The gearbox 41 is equipped with a clutch to switch power output to the left drive assembly and / or the right drive assembly and / or the second drive mechanism. The clutch allows for independent switching of power to the left / right float assemblies (controlling steering or single-sided power) and the working unit (driving agricultural machinery operations). A single power source is distributed to the travel / working system as needed, providing high operational flexibility.
[0030] Example 2, see Figure 5 This embodiment discloses an agricultural machine, which includes a float-propelled universal chassis and a working unit towed on a frame 10. The frame 10 is provided with a connecting seat 11 for towing the working unit. In this embodiment, the connecting seat 11 is fixed at the rear of the frame 10. The connecting seat 11 is provided with a standard hinge interface 111. The standard hinge interface 111 supports quick attachment of agricultural machinery such as rice transplanter seedling platform 60 and seeder, realizing multiple uses of one chassis. The working unit can be equipped with a transmission mechanism. When the walking unit and the working unit work synchronously, the working unit can accurately control the plant spacing. In this embodiment, the working unit is a rice transplanter seedling platform 60, and the rice transplanter seedling platform 60 is provided with a tow frame 61 hinged to the connecting seat 11.
[0031] It should be understood that in the claims and description of this utility model, all instances of "comprising..." should be understood as having an open-ended meaning, that is, equivalent to "at least comprising...", and should not be understood as having a closed-ended meaning, that is, its meaning should not be understood as "only comprising...". The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.
[0032] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A pontoon propelled universal chassis comprising a frame, a travelling unit, a power unit; characterized in that, The traveling unit includes pontoon assemblies symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frame; there are two sets of pontoon assemblies, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame, each set of pontoon assemblies includes at least two separately arranged traveling pontoons, each traveling pontoon including a hollow cylinder and spiral blades surrounding the outer wall of the hollow cylinder; the power unit includes a power source and a transmission device, the transmission device including a gearbox, a first transmission mechanism for driving the traveling unit, and a second transmission mechanism for driving the working unit; the frame is provided with a connecting seat for towing the working unit.
2. A pontoon propelled universal chassis as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The hollow cylinder has a sealed hollow cavity inside, and the angle between the spiral blade and the axis of the hollow cylinder is 25°–75°.
3. A pontoon propelled universal chassis as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The spiral blades adopt a continuous spiral ribbon structure with a spiral helix angle of 15°-45°, a blade spacing of 0.3-0.7 times the diameter of the pontoon, and a blade height of 0.2-0.5 times the diameter of the pontoon.
4. A pontoon propelled universal chassis as claimed in claim 3, wherein, Each group of the float assembly includes two separate traveling floats, namely a front float and a rear float. The front float and the rear float in the same group are coaxially arranged, and the front end of the front float and the rear end of the rear float are provided with conical guide ends.
5. A pontoon propelled universal chassis as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The vehicle frame is provided with a wheel assembly, which includes a running wheel, a lifting assembly, or a disassembly assembly.
6. A pontoon propelled universal chassis according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism includes a left transmission component and a right transmission component to independently drive two sets of float assemblies to rotate in opposite directions. Both the left and right transmission components include a first output shaft and a transfer shaft that is connected to the first output shaft. The transfer shaft distributes power to the front float and the rear float on the same side through a linkage gear.
7. A pontoon propelled universal chassis according to claim 6, characterised in that, Both the transfer shaft and the linkage gear are located inside the transfer case, which is located between the front float and the rear float.
8. A pontoon propelled universal chassis according to claim 7, characterised in that, The second transmission mechanism includes a second output shaft, and a primary transmission shaft and a secondary transmission shaft connected by a universal joint. The primary transmission shaft is driven by the second output shaft, and the secondary transmission shaft is driven by the drive shaft of the working unit.
9. A pontoon propelled universal chassis according to claim 8, characterised in that, The gearbox is equipped with a clutch or transmission device, which switches the power output to the left transmission assembly and / or the right transmission assembly and / or the second transmission mechanism.
10. An agricultural machine characterized by comprising: The invention includes a float-propelled universal chassis as described in any one of claims 1-9, and a working unit towed on the chassis; the connecting seat is fixed at the rear of the chassis and has a standard hinge interface; the working unit is a rice transplanter and has a tow frame hinged to the connecting seat.