A positive and negative rotation automatic return mechanism for a direction machine of an engineering machine

Abstract

An automatic return-to-center mechanism for a steering gear in engineering machinery is disclosed. This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery technology. A large gear is mounted on a rotating shaft using a key pin. A small column is mounted on the upper surface of the large gear, corresponding to a large column. A tension spring connects the corresponding large and small columns. On the rotating shaft, located below the lower cover plate, a thrust ball bearing, a compression spring block, and a fixed shaft are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring abut against the lower end face of the thrust ball bearing and the upper end face of the compression block, respectively. The fixed shaft is movably arranged along the arc surface of the compression block. The teeth of the large gear mesh with the small gear. The upper end of the small gear's axle is connected to the steering gear's main rotating shaft, and the lower end of the small gear's axle is connected to a damper. The upper surface of the damper is fitted against the lower surface of the lower cover plate. The structure is compact, effectively reducing space occupation, and is convenient and labor-saving to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, specifically to an automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of an engineering machinery steering gear. Background Technology

[0002] The steering gear assembly is installed on various vehicles and is a crucial component for the driver to steer the vehicle. Currently, most construction machinery on the market uses a joystick instead of a steering gear assembly. Drivers require basic training to operate it properly. In contrast, wheeled agricultural vehicles typically have a hydraulically assisted steering system connected to the steering gear assembly. After rotating the steering wheel to a certain angle, the vehicle automatically returns to center when the driver slightly releases their grip. However, many construction vehicles lack hydraulically assisted steering systems and instead use angle sensors to send angle signals to a host computer. If the steering wheel is simply rotated to a certain angle and the driver slightly releases their grip, the vehicle will not automatically return to center. This increases the number of steps required for the driver, potentially leading to fatigue and increasing safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology by providing an automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of a steering gear in engineering machinery. This mechanism has a compact structure, effectively reduces the space occupied, and is convenient and labor-saving to operate.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: It includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; two large columns are symmetrically installed between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; a rotating shaft is connected to both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate by a deep groove ball bearing; a large gear is installed on the rotating shaft by a key pin; a small column is installed on the upper surface of the large gear at a position corresponding to the large column; a tension spring is connected between the corresponding large column and the small column; a thrust ball bearing, a compression spring block, and a fixed shaft are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the rotating shaft below the lower cover plate; the upper and lower ends of the compression spring abut against the lower end face of the thrust ball bearing and the upper end face of the compression block, respectively; the fixed shaft is movably arranged along the arc surface of the compression block; the tooth surface of the large gear meshes with the small gear; the upper end of the axle of the small gear is connected to the steering gear rotation shaft; the lower end of the axle of the small gear is connected to a damper; the upper surface of the damper is in contact with the lower surface of the lower cover plate.

[0005] Furthermore, a limiting shaft is provided on one side of the smooth surface of the large gear, and the limiting shaft is fixed on the lower cover plate. The limiting shaft is movably abutting against the convex edges on both sides of the large gear.

[0006] Furthermore, lower fixing plates are installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower cover plate.

[0007] Furthermore, an upper fixing plate is installed on the upper part of the upper cover plate.

[0008] Furthermore, an anti-rotation pin is installed at the bottom of the lower cover plate, and the anti-rotation pin is movably fitted against the outer wall of the compression block.

[0009] Furthermore, an angle sensor is installed on the upper part of the steering gear rotation spindle.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides an automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of an engineering machinery steering gear. It uses the meshing of large and small gears to change the rotation angle. That is, the small gear rotates one revolution, which drives the large gear to rotate one-sixth of a revolution. When it is necessary to return to center, a spring is used to drive the small gear to rotate back, so that the steering gear rotation shaft returns to the initial zero position. A compression block and a fixed mating shaft are used to limit the zero position, so as to prevent the large gear from being pulled past the initial zero position by the inertia of the tension spring and causing the reverse rotation phenomenon. The structure of the large gear rotating one-sixth of a revolution effectively reduces the space, making the whole mechanism compact, convenient and labor-saving to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 4 This is a rear view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the compression block in this utility model.

[0016] Figure 6 Figure 5 Sectional view along line AA.

[0017] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of this utility model applied to a foot-operated tilt steering mechanism.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Upper fixed plate, 2. Upper cover plate, 3. Tension spring, 4. Large column, 5. Limiting shaft, 6. Lower cover plate, 7. Anti-rotation pin, 8. Lower fixed plate, 9. Fixed shaft, 10. Rotating shaft, 11. Small column, 12. Large gear, 13. Thrust ball bearing, 14. Damper, 15. Compression spring, 16. Compression block, 17. Deep groove ball bearing, 18. Key pin, 19. Small gear, 20. Angle sensor, 21. Steering gear rotating spindle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments described are only examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical solution: It includes an upper cover plate 2 and a lower cover plate 6; an upper fixing plate 1 is installed on the upper part of the upper cover plate 2, and lower fixing plates 8 are installed on both sides of the bottom of the lower cover plate 6. Two large columns 4 are symmetrically installed between the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 6. A rotating shaft 10 is connected to both the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 6 through a deep groove ball bearing 17. A large gear 12 is installed on the rotating shaft 10 through a key pin 18. A limiting shaft 5 is provided on the smooth side of the large gear 12, and the limiting shaft 5 is fixed on the lower cover plate 6. The limiting shaft 5 is movably abutting against the convex edges on both sides of the large gear 12, and the limiting shaft 5 limits the maximum rotation angle of the large gear 12. Small columns 11 are installed on the upper surface of the large gear 12 at positions corresponding to the large columns 4, and tension springs 3 are connected between the corresponding large columns 4 and small columns 11. Located below the lower cover plate 6, from top to bottom, are arranged a thrust ball bearing 13, a compression spring 15, a compression block 16, and a fixed shaft 9. The upper and lower ends of the compression spring 15 abut against the lower end face of the thrust ball bearing 13 and the upper end face of the compression block 16, respectively. The fixed shaft 9 is movably arranged along the arc surface of the compression block 16. The tooth surface of the large gear 12 meshes with the small gear 19. The upper end of the axle of the small gear 19 is connected to the steering gear rotation main shaft 21. An angle sensor 20 is installed on the upper part of the steering gear rotation main shaft 21. The lower end of the axle of the small gear 19 is connected to the damper 14. The upper surface of the damper 14 is in contact with the lower surface of the lower cover plate 6. An anti-rotation pin 7 is installed at the bottom of the lower cover plate 6. The anti-rotation pin 7 is movably in contact with the outer wall of the compression block 16 to limit the rotation of the compression block 16, preventing it from moving up and down and rotating left and right.

[0021] When using this invention, the driver rotates the steering wheel, causing the steering gear main shaft 21 to rotate at a certain angle, which in turn causes the pinion 19 and damper 14 to rotate. The pinion 19 then causes the large gear 12 to rotate. After rotating to its maximum angle, the large gear 12 contacts the limit shaft 5, which acts as a stop shaft. Simultaneously, the large gear 12 causes the tension spring 3 to stretch and lengthen, generating a force to rotate back. The rotation of the large gear 12 causes the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, which in turn causes the fixed shaft 9 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 10 to rotate along the arc surface of the compression block 16, pushing the compression block 16 upward. The compression spring 15 is compressed and subjected to force. When the driver releases the steering wheel and there is no external force to rotate the pinion 19, the compression spring 15 and the tension spring 3 rebound simultaneously, causing the large gear 12 and the fixed shaft 9 to return to their initial zero position. The entire process realizes the automatic return-to-center function of the steering gear after rotating forward and backward at a certain angle.

[0022] Throughout the process, the damper 14 increases rotational damping, improves the driver's feel when turning the steering wheel, and also increases damping during automatic return to center to prevent the steering gear main shaft 21 from rotating too fast. The angle sensor 20 receives the angle of rotation of the steering gear main shaft 21 and collects it to the host computer, which then sends it to the motor at the track, thus enabling the agricultural vehicle to achieve the rotation direction angle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides an automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of an engineering machinery steering gear. It uses the meshing of large and small gears to change the rotation angle. That is, the small gear rotates one revolution, which drives the large gear to rotate one-sixth of a revolution. When it is necessary to return to center, a spring is used to drive the small gear to rotate back, so that the steering gear rotation shaft returns to the initial zero position. A compression block and a fixed mating shaft are used to limit the zero position, so as to prevent the large gear from being pulled past the initial zero position by the inertia of the tension spring and causing the reverse rotation phenomenon. The structure of the large gear rotating one-sixth of a revolution effectively reduces the space, making the whole mechanism compact, convenient and labor-saving to operate.

[0024] For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, and equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of a steering gear in engineering machinery, characterized in that: It includes an upper cover plate (2) and a lower cover plate (6); two large columns (4) are symmetrically installed between the upper cover plate (2) and the lower cover plate (6). A rotating shaft (10) is connected to the upper cover plate (2) and the lower cover plate (6) by a deep groove ball bearing (17). A large gear (12) is installed on the rotating shaft (10) by a key pin (18). A small column (11) is installed on the upper surface of the large gear (12) at the corresponding position of the large column (4). A tension spring (3) is connected between the corresponding large column (4) and the small column (11). The rotating shaft (10) is located below the lower cover plate (6) and is provided with the following from top to bottom: The components include a thrust ball bearing (13), a compression spring (15), a compression block (16), and a fixed shaft (9). The upper and lower ends of the compression spring (15) are respectively positioned to abut against the lower end face of the thrust ball bearing (13) and the upper end face of the compression block (16). The fixed shaft (9) is movably positioned along the arc surface of the compression block (16). The tooth surface of the large gear (12) meshes with the small gear (19). The upper end of the axle of the small gear (19) is connected to the steering gear rotation main shaft (21), and the lower end of the axle of the small gear (19) is connected to the damper (14). The upper surface of the damper (14) is in contact with the lower surface of the lower cover plate (6).

2. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting shaft (5) is provided on one side of the smooth surface of the large gear (12), and the limiting shaft (5) is fixed on the lower cover plate (6). The limiting shaft (5) is in movable contact with the convex edges on both sides of the large gear (12).

3. The mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom two sides of the lower cover plate (6) are fitted with lower fixing plates (8).

4. The automatic return-to-center mechanism for forward and reverse rotation of a steering gear in engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (2) is equipped with an upper fixing plate (1).

5. The automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of a steering gear in engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower cover plate (6) is equipped with an anti-rotation pin (7), which is movably fitted to the outer wall of the compression block (16).

6. The automatic return-to-center mechanism for the forward and reverse rotation of a steering gear in engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle sensor (20) is installed on the upper part of the steering gear rotation spindle (21).

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