A crane positioning maintenance anti-collision electrical control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a crane technical field, namely a crane positioning overhauling anti -collision electrical control system. Its control system includes determining a proximity switch B's installation point position on the normal work crane's trolley end beam, marks B point, and again extends B point horizontal direction, and installs one proximity switch A, C respectively to the position apart 3 meters to left and right two sides, marks A point and C point respectively, makes three proximity switch control boxes A, B, C marked with A, B, C symbol respectively, and utilizes bolt to install a controllable magnetic base in the rear side of every control box, through control line, the limiting signal of three proximity switch control boxes A, B, C is accessed in the PLC trolley control system of normal work crane respectively, and again makes a proximity switch signal feedback device installed in the front of positioning overhauling crane. Prevents crane from being collided by adjacent work crane and causing safety accident in the positioning overhauling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crane technology, specifically an electrical control system for preventing collisions during crane positioning and maintenance. It aims to prevent safety accidents caused by collisions between the crane and adjacent working cranes during positioning and maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, when cranes are involved in positioning and maintenance, traditional methods to prevent collisions between adjacent working cranes and maintenance cranes include placing wheel chocks (also known as anti-slip shoes) at predetermined positions on the rails and installing colored flags. However, both of these methods have significant drawbacks in daily operation: First, the outer ends of the crane's main wheels are equipped with rail sweepers. According to relevant safety regulations, the lower plane of the rail sweeper must not be more than 5mm above the rail surface. Therefore, when using wheel chocks as crane travel limit devices, the rail sweepers must be removed; otherwise, the wheel chocks will be pushed away from their predetermined positions by the rail sweepers before they even contact the main wheels, leading to a collision. Removing the rail sweepers is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also poses certain safety hazards. Second, placing wheel chocks is fundamentally a passive mechanical stop, which not only has a low safety factor but also causes some damage to the crane itself due to sudden passive stopping. Third, if colored flags are placed during nighttime maintenance or in situations with poor visibility at the work site, crane operators are highly susceptible to equipment accidents and other safety incidents involving crane maintenance personnel and ground control personnel due to misjudgment. Therefore, modifying the anti-collision device to achieve reliable collision prevention for the crane becomes particularly important. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crane positioning and maintenance anti-collision electrical control system to address the aforementioned shortcomings. The improved system changes passive stopping to active stopping, and it can reduce speed before stopping, avoiding damage to the crane body from emergency stops. Furthermore, it is unaffected by the working environment, greatly improving reliability.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model is: a crane positioning and maintenance anti-collision electrical control system. The control system includes: determining an installation point B on the end beam of the crane's trolley during normal operation, using the vertical center line of the end beam as a reference; marking this point as point B; then, extending horizontally from point B, installing two proximity switches A and C at positions 3 meters apart to the left and right, respectively, and marking these points as points A and C; fabricating three proximity switch control boxes A, B, and C, each marked with A, B, and C symbols; and mounting a controllable magnetic base on the rear of each control box using bolts; connecting the limit signals of the three proximity switch control boxes A, B, and C to the PLC trolley control system of the crane during normal operation via control lines; and finally, fabricating a proximity switch signal feedback device installed in front of the crane during positioning and maintenance.

[0005] The above plan also includes: The proximity switch signal feedback device consists of a signal feedback shield, a shield fixing seat, and a shield fixing seat connecting bolt holes connected in sequence.

[0006] The proximity switch control box A is connected to the audible and visual alarm in front of the crane's cab during normal operation.

[0007] The proximity switch control box B is connected to the second, third, and fourth gear control of the crane trolley during normal operation.

[0008] The proximity switch control box C is connected to the brake of the crane trolley during normal operation.

[0009] The advantages of this utility model are: 1. The installation of proximity switches A, B, and C and the proximity switch signal feedback device results in low investment costs, no modification to the overall crane structure, and no impact on the overall car body structure. 2. It greatly reduces the labor intensity of maintenance personnel during each positioning and maintenance operation, eliminating the need to disassemble and reassemble the rail sweepers on both sides of the working crane, thus shortening maintenance time. The modification and addition of the crane travel limit device minimizes personnel injury and equipment damage caused by collisions between adjacent cranes, and allows for rapid forced stopping in emergencies. 3. Improved reliability: Optimized crane limit device performance reduces safety hazards caused by improper operation, untimely communication, and harsh environments. 4. Enhanced personnel and equipment safety: Through automated control modifications, the original wheel stop device avoids collisions between the two cranes due to excessive impact inertia during the limit process, preventing injuries to personnel. It also minimizes the risk of major personal injury and equipment accidents caused by spillage of molten iron or steel transported by liquid cranes due to collisions.

[0010] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a simplified structural diagram of the proximity switch signal feedback device and its installation location.

[0013] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Simplified diagram of the left-side view structure.

[0014] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the receiving electronic control system.

[0015] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the warning electronic control system.

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the PLC control principle for deceleration and stopping.

[0017] The parts in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Normal operating crane; 2. End beam; 3. Proximity switch A; 4. Proximity switch B; 5. Proximity switch C; 6. Proximity switch control box A; 7. Proximity switch control box B; 8. Proximity switch control box C; 9. Positioning and maintenance crane; 10. Signal feedback shield; 11. Shield mounting base; 12. Shield mounting base connecting bolt hole; 13. Arrival direction arrow; 14. Safety guardrail; 15. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0018] See Figure 1-6The crane is stopped before reaching the required position by a forced stop in the electrical system. First, using the vertical center line of the crane's end beam as a reference, a proximity switch installation point is determined on the end beam, marked as point B. Then, extending horizontally from point B, two proximity switches are installed at distances L=3 meters to the left and right, marked as points A and C respectively. Three proximity switch control boxes marked A, B, and C are fabricated, and a controllable magnetic base is bolted to the back of each control box. Simultaneously, the limit signals from the three proximity switch control boxes are connected to the crane's PLC trolley control system via control lines. Additionally, a proximity switch signal feedback device is fabricated using 30mm flat steel. During crane maintenance, after the crane to be maintained is positioned, the feedback device is first fixed along the direction of the working crane's approach to the safety guardrail 8 10 meters away from the positioned crane, and the appropriate gap between it and the proximity switches is adjusted. Then, the proximity switch control boxes are magnetically attached to their respective points on the working crane's end beam using the magnetic bases. Thus, when the crane's limit switch at point A reaches the signal feedback device, signal A is activated, powering the light alarm installed in front of the crane operator's cab, prompting the operator to slow down, stop, and avoid the obstacle. If the crane operator fails to take appropriate action due to untimely observation, and the crane trolley travels another 3 meters, the limit switch at point B reaches the signal feedback device, activating the signal. At this point, the second, third, and fourth gear control of the trolley is disengaged, allowing the speed to quickly decrease to first gear, greatly reducing the inertia generated during travel. If the crane trolley continues to move forward, when the limit switch at point C reaches the signal feedback device, the limit switch signal at point C is activated. The control system disconnects all crane travel signals, preventing them from closing, and the crane trolley brakes immediately engage, preventing the crane from continuing to travel and stopping immediately. At this point, the distance from the crane for positioning and maintenance should be 0.5 meters.

[0019] See Figure 4 This is the receiving circuit diagram. Limit signals control various relays, which in turn control various circuits to achieve alarm, speed reduction, and stopping.

[0020] See Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the warning electrical control system. When the crane travels to a pre-set warning position, the limit relay activates, triggering an alarm.

[0021] See Figure 6 This is a PLC control schematic for deceleration and stopping. In the circuit, setpoint 1 and setpoint 2 are speed feedback. When B receives a limit switch action, it disconnects setpoint 1 and setpoint 2 circuits, forcibly controlling the speed to the low-speed gear. When C receives a limit switch action, the control system directly disconnects the trolley start relay. At this time, the trolley travel brake engages, forcibly stopping the vehicle.

[0022] Working principle: During normal operation, the proximity switch box is demagnetized and removed from the end beam for safekeeping. Simultaneously, the signal feedback shield is removed from the guardrail, ensuring normal hoisting operation of the overhead crane in any area. When maintenance is required, the fabricated proximity switch box and signal feedback shield are fixed in the corresponding positions, enabling alarm, speed reduction, and stop functions when the overhead crane reaches these positions during operation.

[0023] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, and the various examples do not constitute a limitation on the substantive content of this utility model.

Claims

1. A crane positioning service collision avoidance electrical control system characterized by Its control system includes determining a proximity switch B on the end beam (2) of the crane (1) under normal operation, with the vertical center line of the end beam as the reference, marking it as point B, and then installing proximity switches A and C 3 meters apart on the left and right sides respectively along the horizontal direction of point B, marking them as point A and point C respectively; making three proximity switch control boxes A, B, and C marked with A, B, and C symbols respectively, and installing a controllable magnetic base on the back of each control box using bolts; connecting the limit signals of the three proximity switch control boxes A, B, and C to the PLC crane control system of the crane (1) under normal operation through control lines; and making a proximity switch signal feedback device installed in front of the positioning and maintenance crane (3).

2. A crane positioning maintenance anti-collision electrical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that The proximity switch signal feedback device consists of a signal feedback shield (4), a shield fixing seat (5), and a shield fixing seat connecting bolt hole (6) connected in sequence.

3. The anti-collision electrical control system for positioning and maintenance of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that The proximity switch control box A is connected to the audible and visual alarm in front of the driver's cab of the crane (1) during normal operation.

4. The anti-collision electrical control system for positioning and maintenance of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that The proximity switch control box B is connected to the second, third and fourth gear control of the trolley of the normally operating crane (1).

5. The anti-collision electrical control system for positioning and maintenance of a crane according to claim 1, characterized in that The proximity switch control box C is connected to the trolley brake of the normally operating crane (1).

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