A high-pressure sootblowing device for a pulverized coal gasifier
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522041569.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-23
AI Technical Summary
[0003]目前，吹灰装置大多使用高流速氮气进行吹扫，吹灰装置的吹灰孔垂直于管壁，这种吹灰孔很容易堵塞，且这种吹灰孔仅能对吹灰孔正上方的灰有效清除，无法清除吹灰孔周边的积灰，存在较大的清灰盲区，吹灰效果不好，反吹管上很容易积灰，这些积灰会越积越多，最终使得整个十字吊架上被灰堵满，导致气体流道变窄甚至堵死，影响装置的长周期运行；其次，吹灰器没有在十字吊架的下方盖板处设置有吹灰点，飞灰在盖板上累积，最终堵塞进口
[0011]本实用新型用于粉煤气化炉SGC蒸发器十字吊架的清灰处理，四根喷管分别一一对应安装在十字吊架的吊臂上，运行时，将喷管的外端与相应的管线连通，同时向四根喷管内通入高流速氮气，氮气先进入各根喷管，然后进入各根吹灰管的喷吹孔，从喷吹孔的两端喷出，对十字吊架上落灰进行清理，同时，一部分氮气经竖管通入半环管，然后从喷孔喷出，一部分氮气经输气管通入喷嘴，然后从吹灰孔喷出，对十字吊架下方的盖板进行吹灰。在本实用新型中，相对于传统的喷吹孔垂直于管壁的结构来说，本实用新型中的吹灰管横向水平设置，内部同轴设置喷吹孔，氮气从喷吹孔的两端水平方向喷出，喷吹孔不易造成堵塞问题，且这种喷吹孔喷出的气流覆盖范围较大，能有效清除喷吹孔附近较大范围内的积灰；其次，本实用新型中，相邻两吹灰管交错布置，加之每个吹灰管都具有较大的吹灰范围，若干吹灰管相互配合，消除了积灰清除的盲区和死区，具有较好的吹灰效果，能够较好的保持十字吊架位置处气体流道的通畅，进而保证装置的长周期运行；另外，本实用新型中还设置了半环管和喷嘴，氮气会从半环管和喷嘴中喷出，增加了盖板处的吹灰点位，对盖板上的积灰进行清除，避免盖板上积灰，进而避免了进口的堵塞。综上所述，本实用新型具有不易堵塞，能消除清灰盲区，吹灰效果好的优点。
Smart Images
Figure CN224741011U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of high-pressure soot blowing equipment, specifically to a high-pressure soot blowing device for a pulverized coal gasification furnace. Background Technology
[0002] The pulverized coal gasifier is the "heart" of modern coal chemical industry. It converts inexpensive coal into more valuable syngas. Pulverized coal and oxygen undergo a high-temperature gasification reaction in the gasifier, producing high-temperature syngas at about 1500°C and molten slag. This syngas flows directly downwards from the bottom outlet of the gasifier and immediately enters the top inlet of the syngas cooler directly below. It comes into contact with the SGC evaporator and exchanges heat through the tube walls, heating water into saturated steam while its own temperature decreases. The cross hanger is a core steel structural component used to support and fix the heat exchange tube bundle of the SGC evaporator. The high-temperature syngas contains a large amount of molten fly ash. In addition, the cross hanger itself has a complex structure. Beams, supports, hinge points, etc., can further hinder the flow of syngas, easily forming eddies and dead zones, becoming a major area for ash accumulation. If this area is severely ash-accumulated, it will directly affect the function of the hanger. Therefore, a soot blowing device needs to be installed above the cross hanger to clean the cross hanger area and the evaporator tube bundle nearby, preventing ash buildup in this area.
[0003] Currently, most soot blowing devices use high-velocity nitrogen for purging. The soot blowing holes are perpendicular to the pipe wall, making them prone to clogging. Furthermore, these holes only effectively remove ash directly above the hole, failing to clear ash around it, resulting in a large blind spot and poor soot blowing performance. Ash easily accumulates on the backflush pipe, eventually clogging the entire cross-shaped support, narrowing or even blocking the gas flow channel and affecting the long-term operation of the device. Secondly, the soot blower lacks a blowing point at the lower cover plate of the cross-shaped support, causing fly ash to accumulate and eventually clog the inlet. Therefore, developing a high-pressure soot blowing device for pulverized coal gasifiers that is less prone to clogging, eliminates blind spots, and provides excellent soot blowing performance is objectively necessary. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure soot blowing device for a pulverized coal gasification furnace that is not prone to clogging, can eliminate blind spots in ash removal, and has a good soot blowing effect.
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: it includes four nozzles arranged in a cross shape, with the inner end of the nozzles sealed and the outer end open. Several soot blowing pipes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the nozzles, and the axis of the soot blowing pipes is parallel to the axis of the nozzles. Spraying holes are coaxially processed through the inside of the soot blowing pipes, and the middle part of the spraying holes is connected to the nozzles. Two adjacent soot blowing pipes on the same nozzle are located on the upper part of the two sides of the nozzle. A semi-circular pipe is set below the nozzle. Several spraying holes are processed at intervals along the circumference of the outer side of the semi-circular pipe. A nozzle is set at the center of the semi-circular pipe. Several soot blowing holes are evenly distributed on the side wall of the nozzle. The four nozzles are divided into two groups, with two nozzles on the same axis forming one group. The inner side of one group of nozzles is connected to both ends of the semi-circular pipe through a vertical pipe, and the inner side of the other group of nozzles is connected to the upper end of the nozzle through an air supply pipe.
[0006] Furthermore, the nozzle includes a variable diameter cone and a bottom cover. A cavity is formed inside the variable diameter cone and the bottom cover. A distributor is installed inside the cavity. The shape of the distributor matches the shape of the cavity. A gap is left between the outer wall of the distributor and the inner wall of the cavity. Multiple positioning plates are evenly distributed around the outer wall of the distributor. The blowing hole is located at the bottom of the bottom cover.
[0007] Furthermore, a nozzle is provided on the nozzle, and the cross-sectional area of the air jet hole inside the nozzle gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
[0008] Furthermore, the angle between the axis of the soot blowing pipe and the vertical center line of the nozzle is 10° to 20°.
[0009] Furthermore, each nozzle has an end tube on its outer side, with the axis of the end tube parallel to the axis of the nozzle. A blind hole is coaxially machined inside the end tube, with one end of the blind hole facing the inside of the nozzle and the other end of the blind hole communicating with the nozzle. The end tube and its adjacent soot blowing pipe are located on the upper part of both sides of the nozzle.
[0010] Furthermore, an air-gathering cone is provided between the lower end of the gas delivery pipe and the upper end of the nozzle.
[0011] This utility model is used for the ash removal treatment of the cross hanger of the SGC evaporator in a pulverized coal gasification furnace. Four nozzles are installed one-to-one on the boom of the cross hanger. During operation, the outer end of the nozzle is connected to the corresponding pipeline, and high-velocity nitrogen is introduced into the four nozzles. The nitrogen first enters each nozzle, and then enters the blowing hole of each soot blowing pipe. It is sprayed out from both ends of the blowing hole to clean the ash on the cross hanger. At the same time, part of the nitrogen is introduced into the semi-circular pipe through the vertical pipe and then sprayed out from the nozzle. Part of the nitrogen is introduced into the nozzle through the gas supply pipe and then sprayed out from the soot blowing hole to blow the ash off the cover plate below the cross hanger. In this invention, compared to the traditional structure where the blowhole is perpendicular to the pipe wall, the blowing pipe is horizontally arranged with coaxial blowholes inside. Nitrogen gas is ejected horizontally from both ends of the blowholes, reducing the likelihood of clogging. Furthermore, the airflow from these blowholes covers a large area, effectively removing accumulated ash from a significant region near the blowholes. Secondly, the staggered arrangement of adjacent blowing pipes, coupled with the large blowing range of each pipe, eliminates blind spots and dead zones in ash removal, resulting in a better blowing effect and maintaining unobstructed gas flow at the cross-shaped hanger position, thus ensuring long-term operation of the device. Additionally, the invention includes a semi-circular pipe and nozzles from which nitrogen gas is ejected, increasing the number of blowing points at the cover plate and removing accumulated ash, thus preventing clogging at the inlet. In summary, this utility model has the advantages of being less prone to clogging, eliminating blind spots in dust removal, and providing good dust blowing effect. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of one set of nozzles 1 and semi-ring pipes 4 in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of another set of nozzles 1 and nozzles 5 in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle 1 in this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the soot blowing pipe 2 on the nozzle 1 in this utility model; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle 5 in this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the nozzle 13 and the semi-circular pipe 4 in this utility model; In the diagram: 1-nozzle, 2-soot blowing pipe, 3-blowing hole, 4-semi-circular pipe, 5-nozzle, 6-soot blowing hole, 7-vertical pipe, 8-air delivery pipe, 9-reducing cone, 10-bottom cover, 11-distributor, 12-positioning plate, 13-nozzle head, 14-end pipe, 15-air concentrator. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this description is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0014] like Figures 1-9 As shown, this utility model includes four nozzles 1 arranged in a cross shape. The inner end of the nozzle 1 is sealed and the outer end is open. Several soot blowing pipes 2 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the nozzle 1. The axis of the soot blowing pipe 2 is parallel to the axis of the nozzle 1. A blow hole 3 is coaxially processed through the soot blowing pipe 2. The middle part of the blow hole 3 is connected to the nozzle 1. Two adjacent soot blowing pipes 2 on the same nozzle 1 are located on the upper part of both sides of the nozzle 1. A semi-ring pipe 4 is arranged below the nozzle 1. Several blow holes are processed at intervals along the circumference of the outer side of the semi-ring pipe 4. A nozzle 5 is arranged at the center of the semi-ring pipe 4. Several soot blowing holes 6 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the nozzle 5. The four nozzles 1 are divided into two groups. Two nozzles 1 located on the same axis form one group. The inner side of one group of nozzles 1 is connected to both ends of the semi-ring pipe 4 through a vertical pipe 7. The inner side of the other group of nozzles 1 is connected to the upper end of the nozzle 5 through an air supply pipe 8.
[0015] This utility model is used for the ash removal treatment of the cross hanger of the SGC evaporator in a pulverized coal gasification furnace. Four nozzles 1 are installed one-to-one on the boom of the cross hanger. During operation, the outer end of the nozzle 1 is connected to the corresponding nitrogen pipeline, and high-velocity nitrogen is introduced into the four nozzles 1. The nitrogen first enters each nozzle 1, and then enters the blowing hole 3 of each blowing pipe 2. It is sprayed out from both ends of the blowing hole 3 to clean the ash accumulated on the cross hanger. At the same time, part of the nitrogen is introduced into the semi-circular pipe 4 through the vertical pipe 7 and then sprayed out from the nozzle. Part of the nitrogen is introduced into the nozzle 5 through the gas supply pipe 8 and then sprayed out from the blowing hole 6 to blow ash off the cover plate below the cross hanger.
[0016] In this invention, compared to the traditional structure where the blowhole 3 is perpendicular to the pipe wall, the blowing pipe 2 is horizontally arranged with the blowhole 3 coaxially arranged inside. Nitrogen gas is ejected horizontally from both ends of the blowhole 3. The blowhole 3 is less prone to clogging, and the airflow from the blowhole 3 has a large coverage area, effectively removing accumulated dust in a large area near the blowhole 3. Secondly, in this invention, adjacent blowholes 2 are staggered, and each blowhole 2 has a large blowing range. The cooperation of several blowholes 2 eliminates blind spots and dead zones in dust removal, resulting in a better blowing effect. It can better maintain the unobstructed gas flow at the cross hanger position, thereby ensuring the long-term operation of the device. In addition, this invention also includes a semi-ring pipe 4 and a nozzle 5. Nitrogen gas is ejected from the semi-ring pipe 4 and the nozzle 5, increasing the number of blowing points at the cover plate, removing accumulated dust on the cover plate, and preventing dust accumulation on the cover plate, thereby avoiding blockage at the inlet.
[0017] The nozzle 5 includes a variable diameter cone 9 and a bottom cover 10. A cavity is formed inside the variable diameter cone 9 and the bottom cover 10. A distributor 11 is installed inside the cavity, and the shape of the distributor 11 matches the shape of the cavity. A gap is left between the outer wall of the distributor 11 and the inner wall of the cavity. Multiple positioning plates 12 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the distributor 11. The blowing holes 6 are located at the lower part of the bottom cover 10. Nitrogen gas flows into the cavity from the gas supply pipe 8. Due to the distribution of the distributor 11, an annular gap is formed between the distributor 11 and the inner wall of the cavity. The nitrogen gas can only flow into this gap and then be ejected from the blowing holes 6. This has two functions: firstly, because the flow area of the annular gap is relatively small, the flow velocity of nitrogen increases after entering the annular gap, thereby increasing the flow velocity when the nitrogen is ejected and improving the dust removal effect; secondly, the annular gap has a distribution effect on the airflow, allowing nitrogen to be evenly ejected from each blowing hole 6, improving the dust removal effect.
[0018] A nozzle 13 is provided on the nozzle. The cross-sectional area of the air jet hole inside the nozzle 13 gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end. Nitrogen gas enters the nozzle 13 from the nozzle hole on the semi-annular pipe 4 and is then ejected from the nozzle 13. As the cross-sectional area inside the nozzle gradually decreases along the airflow direction, the airflow velocity increases, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the airflow on the accumulated dust.
[0019] The angle between the axis of the soot blowing pipe 2 and the vertical center line of the nozzle 1 is 10° to 20°. Preferably, the angle between the axis of the soot blowing pipe 2 and the vertical center line of the nozzle 1 is 15°. The specific angle can be determined according to the actual situation, as long as a good dust removal effect can be achieved.
[0020] Each nozzle 1 is equipped with an end pipe 14 on its outer side. The axis of the end pipe 14 is parallel to the axis of the nozzle 1. A blind hole is coaxially machined inside the end pipe 14. One end of the blind hole faces the inner side of the nozzle 1, and the other end of the blind hole is connected to the nozzle 1. The end pipe 14 and the adjacent soot blowing pipe 2 are located on the upper part of both sides of the nozzle 1. Since the nitrogen gas used for blowing has high pressure and high velocity, if a soot blowing pipe 2 is also installed on the outer side of the nozzle 1, a stream of air will be blown towards the outer side of the nozzle 1, which will impact the shell of the SGC evaporator of the pulverized coal gasifier. Over time, this may damage the shell of the impacted part and reduce the service life of the shell. To avoid this problem, the end pipe 14 is used to replace the soot blowing pipe 2. In this way, the nitrogen gas flow can only be blown from the outside to the inside, and there is no outward airflow. This ensures the soot blowing effect and avoids the impact of the airflow on the shell.
[0021] A gas-gathering cone 15 is provided between the lower end of the gas supply pipe 8 and the upper end of the nozzle 5. The gas-gathering cone 15 is actually a constricted cone with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end. When nitrogen flows from top to bottom, the flow area of the airflow becomes smaller, and the flow velocity of the airflow will increase, thereby further increasing the flow velocity of nitrogen when it is ejected from the blowing hole 6 of the nozzle 5, and improving the cleaning effect.
Claims
1. A high-pressure soot blowing device for a pulverized coal gasification furnace, comprising four nozzles (1) arranged in a cross shape, characterized in that: The inner end of the nozzle (1) is sealed, and the outer end is open. Several soot blowing pipes (2) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the nozzle (1). The axis of the soot blowing pipe (2) is parallel to the axis of the nozzle (1). A blow-through hole (3) is coaxially machined inside the soot blowing pipe (2). The middle part of the blow-through hole (3) is connected to the nozzle (1). Two adjacent soot blowing pipes (2) on the same nozzle (1) are located on the upper part of both sides of the nozzle (1). A semi-circular pipe (4) is provided below the nozzle (1). (4) has several spray holes spaced along its circumference on the outside. A nozzle (5) is provided at the center of the semi-annular pipe (4). Several ash-blowing holes (6) are evenly distributed on the side wall of the nozzle (5). The four spray pipes (1) are divided into two groups. Two spray pipes (1) located on the same axis form one group. The inner side of one group of spray pipes (1) is connected to both ends of the semi-annular pipe (4) through a vertical pipe (7). The inner side of the other group of spray pipes (1) is connected to the upper end of the nozzle (5) through an air supply pipe (8).
2. The high-pressure soot blowing device for a pulverized coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (5) includes a variable diameter cone (9) and a bottom cover (10). A cavity is formed inside the variable diameter cone (9) and the bottom cover (10). A distributor (11) is provided in the cavity. The shape of the distributor (11) matches the shape of the cavity. There is a gap between the outer wall of the distributor (11) and the inner wall of the cavity. Multiple positioning plates (12) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the distributor (11). The blowing hole (6) is located at the bottom of the bottom cover (10).
3. A high pressure sootblower for a coal gasifier as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The nozzle is provided with a nozzle (13), and the cross-sectional area of the air jet hole inside the nozzle (13) gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end.
4. The high-pressure soot blowing device for a pulverized coal gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the axis of the blowing pipe (2) and the vertical center line of the nozzle (1) is 10° to 20°.
5. A high pressure sootblower for a coal gasifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: Each nozzle (1) is provided with an end tube (14) on its outer side. The axis of the end tube (14) is parallel to the axis of the nozzle (1). A blind hole is coaxially machined inside the end tube (14). One end of the blind hole faces the inside of the nozzle (1), and the other end of the blind hole is connected to the nozzle (1). The end tube (14) and its adjacent soot blowing pipe (2) are located on the upper part of both sides of the nozzle (1).
6. A high pressure sootblower for a coal gasifier as recited in claim 1, wherein: An air-gathering cone (15) is provided between the lower end of the gas pipe (8) and the upper end of the nozzle (5).