A composite fiber spinning assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of composite fiber spinning assembly, spinning assembly has distribution plate group and spinneret in turn in melt flow direction;Distribution plate group has skin layer distribution channel and core layer distribution channel;Spinneret has spinneret hole on it;The distribution plate group has protruding block opposite to spinneret hole;The protruding block has center hole in communication with core layer distribution channel, center hole is opposite to the center of spinneret hole;The protruding block is formed with several guide grooves, pressure drop flow channel is formed between guide groove and spinneret, the feed end of pressure drop flow channel is in communication with skin layer distribution channel, the discharge end of pressure drop flow channel is opposite to the edge of spinneret hole;Pressure drop flow channel is the channel of narrow inlet wide outlet, the flow difference of skin layer melt distributed in each spinneret hole is reduced by the utility model between distribution plate group and spinneret form the channel of narrow inlet wide outlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spinning component technology, and in particular to a composite fiber spinning component. Background Technology

[0002] The spinning of functional fibers generally employs a core-sheath composite spinning process, where the sheath melt contains a high content of functional additives. The distribution of this high-content functional melt within the spinning assembly significantly impacts spinnability. Uniform distribution ensures consistent functional composition in each filament, resulting in good spinnability; conversely, uneven distribution easily leads to filament breakage. High-content melt composite spinning, designed to enhance functionality, operates primarily at the critical point between spinnability and non-spinnability. Poor distribution disrupts this critical point, rendering the fibers practically unspinnable. Therefore, for core-sheath composite spinning with high-content functional melt, the uniformity of the sheath melt distribution within each spinneret is crucial for spinnability.

[0003] For spinning melt, if the melt pressure is relatively high, it will be more sensitive to small differences. Therefore, the inlet pressure in each spinneret is uneven, and the flow rate is also uneven. This results in a large difference in the flow rate of the skin melt distributed in each spinneret, and the produced yarn is prone to breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a composite fiber spinning assembly, which forms a narrow inlet and wide outlet pressure drop channel between the distribution plate group and the spinneret. The skin melt containing a high content of functional additives enters the spinneret orifice after passing through the pressure drop channel, thereby reducing the melt pressure of the skin melt. The skin melt with reduced pressure is easier to distribute evenly, and the flow rate difference of the skin melt distributed in each spinneret orifice is reduced.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a composite fiber spinning assembly. The spinning assembly includes a distribution plate group and a spinneret arranged sequentially along the melt flow direction. The distribution plate group has a skin layer distribution channel for distributing the skin layer melt and a core layer distribution channel for distributing the core layer melt. The spinneret has spinneret guide holes and spinneret orifices. The skin layer melt and core layer melt enter the spinneret guide holes together and are then ejected from the spinneret orifices to form a skin-core composite fiber. The side of the distribution plate group that contacts the spinneret is... The distribution surface has protrusions opposite to the spinneret guide holes; the protrusions have a central hole that communicates with the core layer distribution channel, and the central hole is opposite to the center of the spinneret guide hole; several guide grooves are formed on the protrusions, and a pressure drop channel is formed between the guide grooves and the spinneret plate. The feed end of the pressure drop channel is connected to the skin layer distribution channel, and the discharge end of the pressure drop channel is opposite to the edge of the spinneret guide hole; the pressure drop channel is a narrow inlet and wide outlet channel, and the melt pressure gradually decreases as the skin layer melt flows along the pressure drop channel.

[0006] Furthermore, a distribution cavity surrounding the protrusion is formed between the spinneret and the distribution surface. The skin melt flows into the distribution cavity from the skin distribution channel and then flows into the pressure drop channel from the distribution cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the protruding block is attached to the spinneret, and several guide grooves are provided on the side of the protruding block that is attached to the spinneret.

[0008] Furthermore, the protrusion is cylindrical, with its end face in contact with the spinneret, and its outer diameter is larger than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide grooves extend and widen from the edge of the protruding block toward the central hole, and the guide grooves gradually widen to connect with adjacent guide grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, a central circular block is provided on one side of the protrusion that is attached to the spinneret. The central circular block is concentric with the central hole, and the outer diameter of the central circular block is smaller than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole. Several of the guide grooves extend from the edge of the protrusion towards the central hole to the outer circular contour of the central circular block.

[0011] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned guide grooves are circumferentially distributed at equal angles on the protruding block.

[0012] Furthermore, the skin melt is a functional melt containing a high content of functional additives, and the core melt is a non-functional melt.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The composite fiber spinning assembly of this utility model has a protruding block on the side of the distribution plate assembly facing the spinneret, and a guide groove that widens from narrow to wide is provided on the protruding block, thereby forming a pressure drop channel with a narrow inlet and a wide outlet between the distribution plate assembly and the spinneret; the non-functional core melt enters the central area of ​​the spinneret hole from the central hole of the protruding block, while the skin melt containing a high content of functional additives enters the edge area of ​​the spinneret hole after passing through the pressure drop channel, which reduces the melt pressure of the skin melt. The skin melt with reduced pressure is easier to distribute evenly, thereby reducing the flow rate difference of the skin melt distributed in each spinneret hole. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spinning assembly;

[0015] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower end face of the protruding block;

[0016] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spinneret orifice and the spinneret guide orifice. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] As attached Figures 1 to 3 The composite fiber spinning assembly 1 includes a distribution plate group 6 and a spinneret 7 arranged sequentially along the melt flow direction. The distribution plate group 6 contains skin layer distribution channels for distributing the skin layer melt, which ensure uniform distribution of the skin layer melt in the circumferential direction. The distribution plate group 6 also contains core layer distribution channels for distributing the core layer melt, which also ensure uniform distribution of the core layer melt in the circumferential direction. The skin layer distribution channels and the core layer distribution channels are independent of each other within the distribution plate group 6.

[0019] The spinneret 7 has spinneret guide holes 9 and spinneret orifices 10. The skin melt and core melt both enter the spinneret guide hole 9, then flow along it into the spinneret orifice 10, and are finally ejected from the orifice 10, forming a skin-core composite fiber. The skin melt is a functional melt containing a high content of functional additives, while the core melt is a non-functional melt. (See attached image.) Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the spinneret guide hole 9 is larger than that of the spinneret hole 10, and there is a transition hole with a gradually decreasing diameter between the spinneret guide hole 9 and the spinneret hole 10.

[0020] The side of the distribution plate assembly 6 that is in contact with the spinneret 7 is the distribution surface, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, for the distribution plate group 6 composed of multiple distribution plates, the distribution surface is the lower surface of the lowest distribution plate. There are several protrusions 8 on the distribution surface, and the several protrusions 8 are opposite to several spinneret guide holes 9 and spinneret holes 10.

[0021] A central hole 11 is located within the protruding block 8. The upper end of the central hole 11 is connected to the core layer distribution channel, and the lower end of the central hole 11 is opposite to the center of the spinneret guide hole 9. The core layer melt enters the central hole 11 from the core layer distribution channel and then enters the spinneret guide hole 9 from the central hole 11. Several guide grooves 12 are formed on the outer contour of the protruding block 8. A pressure drop channel is formed between the guide grooves 12 and the spinneret plate 7. The feed end of the pressure drop channel is connected to the skin layer distribution channel, and the discharge end of the pressure drop channel is opposite to the edge of the spinneret guide hole 9. The skin layer melt enters the pressure drop channel from the skin layer distribution channel and then enters the edge of the spinneret guide hole 9 from the pressure drop channel. Thus, after the skin layer melt and the core layer melt are ejected from the spinneret hole 10, a skin-core composite fiber is formed.

[0022] For spinning melt, if the melt pressure is relatively high, it becomes more sensitive to minute differences. Therefore, uneven inlet pressure and flow rate within each spinneret 10 result in significant variations in the flow rate of the skin melt distributed within each spinneret 10, making the produced yarn prone to breakage. Therefore, in this invention, a pressure drop channel is formed between the distribution plate assembly 6 and the spinneret 7. This pressure drop channel is a narrow inlet and wide outlet channel, gradually widening from the inlet end to the outlet end. The skin melt is a viscous fluid. When the viscous fluid passes through the widened area of ​​the channel, the contact area between the viscous fluid and the channel wall increases, resulting in pressure energy loss due to viscous friction and a decrease in the viscous fluid pressure. In this invention, this means that the melt pressure of the skin melt gradually decreases as it flows along the pressure drop channel. With the melt pressure reduced, the small differences between the individual spinnerets 10 are less sensitive, making it easier for the skin melt to be evenly distributed within each spinneret 10.

[0023] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a distribution cavity 13 is formed between the spinneret 7 and the distribution surface, surrounding the protrusion 8. The skin melt flows into the distribution cavity 13 from the skin distribution channel and then flows into the pressure drop channel from the distribution cavity 13.

[0024] The protruding block 8 is attached to the spinneret 7, and several guide grooves 12 are disposed on the side of the protruding block 8 that is attached to the spinneret 7. Specifically, the protruding block 8 is a short, flat cylindrical block, and the lower end surface of the protruding block 8 is in contact with the upper plate surface of the spinneret 7. The guide grooves 12 are disposed on the lower end surface of the protruding block 8, and the shape of the guide grooves 12 on the lower end surface of the protruding block 8 is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the outer diameter of the protrusion 8 is larger than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole 9, and a pressure drop channel that gradually widens is formed between the guide groove 12 and the upper surface of the spinneret 7.

[0025] As attached Figure 2As shown, several guide channels 12 extend and widen from the edge of the protrusion 8 toward the central hole 11, and the guide channels 12 gradually widen to connect with adjacent guide channels 12. Therefore, the various pressure drop channels gradually converge toward the central hole 11, and correspondingly, the various strands of skin melt in each pressure drop channel also gradually converge toward the central hole 11. The various strands of skin melt have already formed an annulus before entering the spinneret guide hole 9 to surround the core melt in the central hole 11. Conversely, assuming there are gaps between the strands of skin melt before entering the spinneret guide hole 9, when the skin melt and core melt converge in the spinneret guide hole 9, some core melt may enter between two adjacent strands of skin melt, affecting the quality of the composite fiber.

[0026] The protruding block 8 is attached to one side of the spinneret 7 and has a central circular block 14. The central circular block 14 is concentric with the central hole 11, and the outer diameter of the central circular block 14 is smaller than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole 9. Several of the guide grooves 12 extend from the edge of the protruding block 8 toward the central hole 11 to the outer contour of the central circular block 14. Therefore, the various strands of molten skin in each pressure drop channel gradually converge toward the central hole 11 onto the outer contour of the central circular block 14, and then enter the spinneret guide hole 9 along the outer contour of the central circular block 14.

[0027] Several of the aforementioned guide grooves 12 are circumferentially distributed at equal angles on the protruding block 8, and the shape of each guide groove 12 is consistent, so that the skin melt in each pressure drop channel is evenly distributed.

[0028] Combined with appendix Figure 1 The working principle of this utility model is described below. Within the spinning assembly 1, along the melt flow direction, a feed plate 2, a sealing gasket 3, a sand tank 4, a filter screen 5, a distribution plate assembly 6, and a spinneret 7 are sequentially arranged. The distribution plate assembly 6 consists of an upper distribution plate 61, a middle distribution plate 62, and a lower distribution plate 63. The feed plate 2 has a first melt channel 101 and a second melt channel 102. The skin layer melt flows along the first melt channel 101, and the core layer melt flows along the second melt channel 102. The middle distribution plate 62 and the lower distribution plate 63 have melt arc-shaped channels distributed on their front sides, connected vertically by melt holes, thus forming skin layer distribution channels and core layer distribution channels, ensuring uniform distribution of the melt relative to the various spinneret holes 10 distributed on the circumferential surface. The filter screen 5 is installed at the bottom of the sand tank 4, and filter sand is evenly spread on the filter screen 5.

[0029] During operation, the skin melt and core melt enter their respective sand tanks 4 through the first melt channel 101 and the second melt channel 102 for filtration. After filtration, they enter a multi-stage distribution plate with annular channels, ensuring uniform circumferential distribution of both the skin melt and core melt. The skin melt then enters the narrow opening of the guide channel 12 and then the wide opening of the guide channel 12 into the edge region of the spinneret guide hole 9. The core melt enters the spinneret guide hole 9 through the central hole 11, completing the composite of the skin melt and core melt, and is then ejected from the spinneret hole 10. The composite melt undergoes side-blowing cooling, oiling, drawing, and winding to obtain a concentric circle structured skin-core composite fiber.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite fiber spinning pack characterized by: The spinning assembly (1) contains a distribution plate group (6) and a spinneret (7) arranged sequentially along the melt flow direction; the distribution plate group (6) contains a skin distribution channel for distributing the skin melt and a core distribution channel for distributing the core melt; the spinneret (7) has a spinneret guide hole (9) and a spinneret hole (10), and the skin melt and the core melt enter the spinneret guide hole (9) together and are then ejected from the spinneret hole (10) to form a skin-core composite fiber; The side of the distribution plate assembly (6) that is in contact with the spinneret (7) is the distribution surface. On the distribution surface, there is a protrusion (8) opposite to the spinneret guide hole (9). The protrusion (8) has a central hole (11) that is connected to the core layer distribution channel. The central hole (11) is opposite to the center of the spinneret guide hole (9). Several guide grooves (12) are formed on the protrusion (8). A pressure drop channel is formed between the guide groove (12) and the spinneret (7). The feed end of the pressure drop channel is connected to the skin layer distribution channel. The discharge end of the pressure drop channel is opposite to the edge of the spinneret guide hole (9). The pressure drop channel is a narrow inlet and wide outlet channel. During the process of the skin layer melt flowing along the pressure drop channel, the melt pressure gradually decreases.

2. The composite fiber spinning assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinneret (7) and the distribution surface form a distribution cavity (13) surrounding the protrusion (8). The skin melt flows into the distribution cavity (13) from the skin distribution channel and then flows into the pressure drop channel from the distribution cavity (13).

3. A composite fiber spinning pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protruding block (8) is attached to the spinneret (7), and several guide grooves (12) are provided on the side of the protruding block (8) attached to the spinneret (7).

4. A composite fiber spinning assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protrusion (8) is cylindrical, and the end face of the protrusion (8) is in contact with the spinneret (7). The outer diameter of the protrusion (8) is larger than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole (9).

5. A composite fiber spinning assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned guide grooves (12) extend and widen from the edge of the protrusion (8) toward the central hole (11), and the guide grooves (12) gradually widen to connect with the adjacent guide grooves (12).

6. A composite fiber spinning pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protruding block (8) is attached to one side of the spinneret (7) and has a central circular block (14). The central circular block (14) is concentric with the central hole (11) and the outer diameter of the central circular block (14) is smaller than the diameter of the spinneret guide hole (9). Several of the guide grooves (12) extend from the edge of the protruding block (8) toward the central hole (11) to the outer circle contour of the central circular block (14).

7. A composite fiber spinning pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned guide grooves (12) are circumferentially distributed at equal angles on the protrusion (8).

8. A composite fiber spinning pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The skin melt is a functional melt containing a high content of functional additives, while the core melt is a non-functional melt.

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