Rockfall protection system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rockfall protection system in the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering slope protection, rockfall protection system, including the flexible protection subassembly of being located in mountain slope face, the flexible protection subassembly includes flexible metal net, including open cut tunnel platform, and the retaining wall of being divided into intercepting area and safety area is fixedly arranged on open cut tunnel platform, the lower end of above-mentioned flexible metal net extends to intercepting area, and the side of retaining wall close to intercepting area is equipped with buffer layer, and the steel mesh is fixedly arranged in retaining wall and close to its outer surface. The application embodiment proposes a rockfall protection system, which combines the flexible protection subassembly with the retaining wall on the open cut tunnel platform, changes the retaining wall structure, adds the steel mesh, and better strengthens the stability of the protection system. Integration guide, intercept, buffer as a whole, overcome the limitation of single measure, reduce the threat of high rockfall to lower retaining wall, reduce the probability of rockfall into the highway or tunnel, improve the safety performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope protection technology for water conservancy and hydropower projects, and in particular to a rockfall protection system. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing hydropower stations in high mountain and canyon areas, high-level gullies often exist on the slopes of the key area. The overlying layers and unstable rock masses are prone to rockfalls under natural or construction disturbances, threatening the safety of roads, buildings, and construction sites below. Traditional protective measures often rely on single passive protective nets or concrete retaining walls, lacking effective multi-level interception and buffering. When a landslide occurs, rocks or soil directly impact and roll down; simple protective nets cannot guide all falling rocks to the clearing area below, resulting in rocks or soil falling onto roads below the mountain. If retaining walls are used solely to address landslides, firstly, there is insufficient space to construct enough retaining walls, and secondly, current retaining walls are all concrete structures, unable to independently withstand the large amounts of falling rocks during a landslide. If the retaining walls are damaged, rocks or soil will fall onto roads below the mountain, creating safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to deal with multi-source, high-altitude rockfalls and reduce the probability of rockfalls causing safety hazards to roads below the mountain.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: The rockfall protection system includes a flexible protection component installed on a mountain slope. The flexible protection component includes a flexible metal mesh and a tunnel platform. A retaining wall is fixed on the tunnel platform, dividing it into an interception zone and a safety zone. The lower end of the flexible metal mesh extends into the interception zone. A buffer layer is provided on the side of the retaining wall near the interception zone. A steel mesh is fixed inside the retaining wall near its outer surface.

[0005] Furthermore, the aforementioned flexible protective component includes multiple steel columns fixed at intervals on the mountain slope, and the aforementioned flexible metal mesh is laid out laterally between the multiple steel columns and fixed to the mountain slope by multiple traction ropes.

[0006] Furthermore, there are multiple flexible protective components, which are sequentially installed from top to bottom along the mountain slope, with the lower end of the flexible protective component closest to the retaining wall placed within the interception zone.

[0007] Furthermore, the side of the retaining wall closest to the safety zone is inclined into a flat slope.

[0008] Furthermore, the slope ratio of the aforementioned planar slope is 1:0.3.

[0009] Furthermore, the aforementioned steel mesh includes vertical reinforcing bars spaced apart along the length of the retaining wall, and multiple transverse reinforcing bars are connected between the aforementioned vertical reinforcing bars, with the multiple transverse reinforcing bars spaced apart along the inner contour of the aforementioned vertical reinforcing bars.

[0010] Furthermore, the distance between the steel mesh and the outer surface of the retaining wall is 0.2m.

[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned buffer layer comprises multiple interconnected tire strips.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. In this rockfall protection system, a retaining wall is set up on the tunnel platform, in conjunction with flexible protection components. The flexible metal mesh in the flexible protection components has a large coverage area, strong buffering and stable guiding characteristics, which reduces the impact of high-altitude rocks falling from different directions above the mountain and guides them into the interception zone formed by the retaining wall on the tunnel platform. Through multi-level interception, the occurrence of rocks falling into the road or tunnel below the slope is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of rocks falling and causing safety hazards to the road below. 2. Install a buffer layer on the retaining wall and a steel mesh inside to further increase the stability of the retaining wall, enabling it to successfully intercept falling rocks, reduce the damage rate of the retaining wall, and reduce the probability of falling rocks passing through the retaining wall and falling into the road below the slope, thereby reducing the safety hazards caused by falling rocks falling into the road below the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rockfall protection system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a side view of the rockfall protection system of this utility model; Figure 3 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the rockfall protection system of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical reinforcing steel bars in the rockfall protection system of this utility model; Figure 5 This is the second partial structural schematic diagram of the rockfall protection system of this utility model.

[0014] The markings in the diagram are: 1-Flexible protective component, 101-Flexible metal mesh, 102-Steel column, 103-Traction rope, 2-Mountain slope, 3-Open tunnel platform, 4-Retaining wall, 5-Interception zone, 6-Safety zone, 7-Buffer layer, 8-Reinforcing mesh, 9-Plank slope, 10-Vertical reinforcing bars, 11-Horizontal support bars, 12-Tire skin. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is worth noting that the following embodiment takes a slope near a highway tunnel as an example.

[0016] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the rockfall protection system includes a flexible protection component 1 installed on the mountain slope 2. The flexible protection component 1 includes a flexible metal mesh 101 and a tunnel platform 3. A retaining wall 4, dividing the tunnel platform 3 into an interception zone 5 and a safety zone 6, is fixedly installed on it. The lower end of the flexible metal mesh 101 extends into the interception zone 5. A buffer layer 7 is provided on the side of the retaining wall 4 near the interception zone 5, and a steel mesh 8 is fixed inside the retaining wall 4 near its outer surface. The tunnel platform 3 is a key component in the tunnel project, typically located at the tunnel entrance or on the slope of a road cut, and is artificially constructed to form a flat or sloping structure. A flat structure is preferred. Steps leading to the foot of the mountain are provided on the safety zone 6 side of the tunnel platform 3. If there is no tunnel platform 3 near the slope, it needs to be constructed manually; if there is a tunnel platform 3 near the slope, it can be used directly. Because the tunnel platform 3 sometimes serves as a work platform for workers during tunnel construction (i.e., as an area for auxiliary formwork installation, concrete pouring, and other processes), after the rockfall protection system is built, personnel can carry out corresponding construction operations within the safe zone 6, provided that a passage for clearing falling rocks is maintained. The flexible protection component 1 can be a GPS-300-O type open-mouth guidance protection system. The retaining wall 4 consists of a base, a steel mesh 8, and a protective layer from the inside out.

[0017] The retaining wall 4 is constructed by casting C25 concrete, followed by a steel mesh 8 covering the outside of the base, and then a protective layer covering the steel mesh 8 is poured. The thickness of the protective layer is preferably 20 cm. The retaining wall 4 divides the open-cut platform 3 into two areas: the interception zone 5 and the safety zone 6. A buffer layer 7, which is a rubber layer, is fixed to the retaining wall 4 near the interception zone 5 by cement to cushion the impact of falling rocks. After the retaining wall 4 is completed, the flexible protection component 1 is installed. That is, the GPS-300-O type open-mouth guidance protection system is set at the elevation section of the mountain gully. The flexible metal mesh 101 corresponding to the GPS-300-O type open-mouth guidance protection system extends 15m to both sides along the center line of the gully (the center line of the gully usually refers to the center line of the gully or channel, that is, the axis extending longitudinally along the gully, used to mark the geometric center position of the gully). The total protection width is 30m. The lower end of the flexible metal mesh 101 corresponding to the GPS-300-O type open-mouth guidance protection system extends into the interception zone 5. The rockfall protection system is then installed. In this rockfall protection system, a retaining wall 4 is installed on the tunnel platform 3, and a flexible protective component 1 is cleverly integrated with the retaining wall 4. The flexible metal mesh 101 of the flexible protective component 1 has a large coverage area, serving as a transition for rocks to enter the interception zone 5. This effectively addresses multi-source, high-altitude rockfalls, gathering multiple rocks into the interception zone 5 and reducing the likelihood of rocks falling directly onto the road or tunnel below the slope. This lowers the probability of rocks posing a safety hazard to the road below. At the same time, the flexible protective component 1 has a certain buffering capacity. In addition to guiding rocks into the interception zone 5 formed by the retaining wall 4 and the mountain, it can also absorb some of the impact force generated during the rockfall, reducing the impact on the retaining wall 4. Combined with the design of the buffer layer 7, this reduces the damage rate of the retaining wall 4, further increasing the success rate of rockfall interception and lowering the probability of rocks posing a safety hazard to the road below.

[0018] The aforementioned flexible protective component 1 includes multiple steel columns 102 fixed at intervals to the mountain slope 2. The aforementioned flexible metal mesh 101 is laterally extended between the multiple steel columns 102 and fixed to the mountain slope 2 by multiple traction ropes 103. Preferably, the direction in which the multiple steel columns 102 are spaced apart is parallel to the length direction of the aforementioned retaining wall 4. Steel ropes are provided between the steel columns 102 and the flexible metal mesh 101. The traction ropes 103 include transverse restraint ropes, longitudinal restraint ropes, upper anchor ropes, side anchor ropes, and lower anchor ropes (preferably with a diameter of φ20mm): the multiple traction ropes 103 can more stably fix the flexible metal mesh 101 to the mountain slope 2, so that it can better guide and buffer falling rocks; the steel columns 102 serve to support the flexible metal mesh 101.

[0019] Multiple flexible protective components 1 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the mountain slope 2, with the lower end of the flexible protective component 1 closest to the retaining wall 4 positioned within the interception zone 5. Preferably, the multiple flexible protective components 1 are spaced a certain distance apart. This design is more suitable for higher mountains, as the multi-stage flexible protective components 1 sequentially mitigate the impact of falling rocks from heights, thereby preventing their high-intensity impact on the retaining wall 4 and extending the service life of the retaining wall 4.

[0020] The retaining wall 4 is inclined into a flat slope 9 on the side closest to the safety zone 6. The flat slope 9 has a gentle gradient, making it less susceptible to water erosion or soil erosion. Furthermore, the addition of the flat slope 9 can, to some extent, support the retaining wall 4, increasing its stability. Preferably, the slope ratio of the flat slope 9 is 1:0.3. The slope ratio is typically expressed as the ratio of the vertical height (lift) to the horizontal distance (running distance) of the slope. The flat slope 9 with this slope ratio exhibits better stability.

[0021] The aforementioned reinforcing mesh 8 includes vertical reinforcing bars 10 spaced along the length of the retaining wall 4. Multiple horizontal reinforcing bars 11 connect the vertical reinforcing bars 10, and these horizontal reinforcing bars 11 are spaced along the inner contour of the vertical reinforcing bars 10. Preferably, the vertical reinforcing bars 10 are trapezoidal, which adapts to the outer contour of the retaining wall 4 for easy installation and provides good support. The multiple horizontal reinforcing bars 11 connect the vertical reinforcing bars 10 to form the reinforcing mesh 8, and the distance between adjacent horizontal reinforcing bars 11 is 0.2m. Preferably, the distance between the reinforcing mesh 8 and the outer surface of the retaining wall 4 is 0.2m. This design can protect the reinforcing bars from exposure to a certain extent while also providing support.

[0022] The aforementioned buffer layer 7 comprises multiple interconnected tire strips 12. After the retaining wall 4 is cast, the multiple tire strips 12 can be bonded to the side of the retaining wall 4 closest to the safety zone 6 using cement to form the buffer layer 7. Strong adhesive can be used to connect and fix the multiple tire strips 12 together. The tire strips 12 are made from recycled tires, achieving both buffering and waste utilization—a win-win situation.

[0023] In summary, this application proposes a rockfall protection system that combines a flexible protection component 1 with a retaining wall 4 located on the tunnel platform 3. The structure of the retaining wall 4 is modified by adding a steel mesh 8, further enhancing the stability of the protection system. By integrating guidance, interception, and buffering, it overcomes the limitations of single measures, reduces the threat of high-altitude rockfalls to the lower retaining wall 4, decreases the probability of rockfalls entering the highway or tunnel, and improves safety performance.

Claims

1. A rockfall protection system, comprising a flexible protection component (1) installed on a mountain slope (2), the flexible protection component (1) comprising a flexible metal mesh (101), characterized in that: The system includes a tunnel platform (3), on which a retaining wall (4) is fixedly installed to divide it into an interception zone (5) and a safety zone (6). The lower end of the flexible metal mesh (101) extends into the interception zone (5). A buffer layer (7) is provided on the side of the retaining wall (4) near the interception zone (5). A steel mesh (8) is fixed inside the retaining wall (4) near its outer surface.

2. The rockfall protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible protective component (1) includes multiple steel columns (102) fixed at intervals on the mountain slope (2), and the flexible metal mesh (101) is spread laterally between the multiple steel columns (102) and fixed to the mountain slope (2) by multiple traction ropes (103).

3. The rockfall protection system of claim 2, wherein: There are multiple flexible protective components (1). Multiple flexible protective components (1) are installed sequentially from top to bottom along the mountain slope (2). The lower end of the flexible protective component (1) closest to the retaining wall (4) is placed in the interception zone (5).

4. The rockfall protection system of claim 1, wherein: The retaining wall (4) is inclined into a flat slope (9) on the side that is close to the safety zone (6).

5. The rockfall protection system of claim 4, wherein: The slope ratio of the plane slope (9) is 1:0.

3.

6. The rockfall protection system of claim 1, wherein: The steel mesh (8) includes vertical reinforcing bars (10) spaced along the length of the retaining wall (4), and multiple horizontal reinforcing bars (11) are connected between the multiple vertical reinforcing bars (10). The multiple horizontal reinforcing bars (11) are spaced along the inner contour of the vertical reinforcing bars (10).

7. The rockfall protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the steel mesh (8) and the outer surface of the retaining wall (4) is 0.2m.

8. The rockfall protection system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer (7) includes multiple interconnected tire skins (12).

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