Disposable connection for rock breaking with supercooled liquefied air

Abstract

This invention provides a disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air-powered rock breaking, comprising a quick connector and a filling tube made of cryogenic material. Inside the quick connector, along the insertion direction of the filling tube, from its insertion end to the opening end of the quick connector, are sequentially provided a main sealing part, a breakable pressure relief part, and a pressure relief channel. The main sealing part is fixed to the inner wall of the insertion channel at the bottom of the quick connector, used to fix the filling tube. The breakable pressure relief part includes a blocking element with a preset breaking pressure and an adjacent pressure relief chamber. The blocking element isolates the inner channel of the quick connector from the pressure relief chamber when not broken. The pressure relief channel connects the pressure relief chamber to the external environment of the quick connector. The breaking pressure of the blocking element is higher than the system's filling working pressure but lower than the structural pressure resistance limit of the quick connector. This solves the problem of connection failure and structural fragmentation / splashing risks during blasting operations involving the filling tube and connector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking technology, and in particular to a disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking. Background Technology

[0002] In cryogenic liquefied air rock breaking operations, a non-cutting pipe process is adopted for economic and construction convenience considerations. Previously, after filling with liquid, the metal filling pipe needed to be retrieved outside the rock breaking area to avoid damage. Using PU pipes instead of metal filling pipes significantly reduces costs, eliminates the need for retrieval, allows for direct detonation, improves construction convenience, and reduces the problems of excessively long pipe-cutting times and energy reduction due to gas evaporation.

[0003] However, the piping system formed by the filling pipe and joints is exposed to extreme working conditions for extended periods. The rapid phase change expansion of liquefied air and high-frequency pressure impacts may cause the filling pipe and joints to become brittle under cryogenic conditions. After repeated pressure cycles, microcracks may develop, leading to seal failure. High-pressure fluid leaks along the failed gaps, further exacerbating the loosening of the joint connections, ultimately causing the pipe body to detach from the joint, or even brittle fracture of components. The detached parts, driven by explosive energy, form high-speed projectiles, posing a direct threat to workers. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking, which solves the problems of connection failure of the filling pipe and joint pipeline and the risk of structural fragmentation and splashing during blasting operations.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a disposable connection structure for rock breaking using cryogenic liquefied air energy, including a quick connector and a filling pipe made of cryogenic resistant material; Along the insertion direction of the filling tube, the quick connector is provided with a main sealing part, a breakable pressure relief part and a pressure relief channel in sequence from its insertion end to the opening end of the quick connector. The main sealing part is fixed to the inner wall of the quick connector insertion channel at the bottom end, and is used to fix the filling tube; The breakable pressure relief section includes a blocking element with a preset breakage pressure and an adjacent pressure relief chamber. The blocking element isolates the internal channel of the quick connector from the pressure relief chamber when it is not broken. Pressure relief channel, used to connect the pressure relief chamber to the external environment of the quick connector; Among them, the breakage pressure of the blocking element is higher than the system filling working pressure, but lower than the structural pressure resistance limit of the quick connector.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, the main sealing part is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material, with an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the filling tube, which is used to form an interference fit with the filling tube during installation.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, a cap is fitted inside the end of the quick connector, and a radially protruding limiting boss is provided at the lower end of the cap; The inner wall of the quick connector is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting boss is located in the limiting groove to limit the axial displacement of the cap in the quick connector. The snap ring includes an integrally formed horizontal annular portion and an inclined guide portion. The horizontal annular portion is disposed in a limiting groove to limit the axial displacement of the snap ring. The lower end of the limiting boss is provided with a guide slope, which abuts against the inclined guide part; The retaining ring has multiple contraction slots evenly distributed axially to give it radial elastic deformation capability. In its natural state, it contracts radially to lock the filling tube, and the guide slope drives the retaining ring to open radially.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, a secondary sealing part is provided between the breakable pressure relief part and the snap ring. The secondary sealing part is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material and is fixed on the inner channel wall of the quick connector. The lower end of the inclined guide extends into the secondary sealing part. The maximum diameter of the inclined guide is greater than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part, while its minimum diameter is less than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the blocking element of the breakable pressure relief section is a brittle plastic ring or a metal ring with a pre-set weak structure.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, a pressure relief chamber is provided on the rear side of the blocking element, and its cross-sectional profile is eccentric crescent-shaped. The narrow end of the eccentric crescent-shaped profile is located on the rear side of the blocking element, and the wide end is connected to the pressure relief channel.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, one end of multiple pressure relief channels is connected to the pressure relief chamber, and the other end extends obliquely to the outer surface of the quick connector. The oblique extension axis of the pressure relief channel forms an angle of 30°-60° with the quick connector.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the connection between the pressure relief channel and the pressure relief cavity is located on the outer arc of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour of the pressure relief cavity, and its axis is parallel to the normal of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour arc segment at the connection.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the pressure relief channel is also equipped with a debris protection grille at the outlet on the outer surface of the quick connector.

[0014] In the preferred embodiment, the filling tube is a composite structure consisting of a flexible inner tube, a reinforcing layer, and a protective layer arranged sequentially from the inside out. The flexible inner tube is a tube segment made of a high-molecular polymer that maintains toughness and elasticity at ultra-low temperature liquefied air. The reinforcing layer is a cross-woven network that covers the outer surface of the flexible inner tube to restrain fragments of the filling tube. The protective layer covers the outside of the reinforcing layer to resist external mechanical wear; The flexible inner tube, the reinforcing layer, and the protective layer are integrally formed through a hot-melt composite process, in which the reinforcing layer is partially embedded in the adjacent polymer layer during the hot-melt process to form a mechanical interlock.

[0015] This invention provides a disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air-powered rock breaking. Through the coordinated design of a built-in crushable pressure relief section and a directional pressure relief channel, safety in cryogenic explosion environments is significantly improved. When the pressure inside the pipeline abnormally increases, the pre-set crushing pressure blocking element actively ruptures, allowing high-pressure airflow to be discharged quickly and orderly through the pressure relief chamber and the oblique pressure relief channel, preventing pressure buildup that could lead to random rupture of the joint or filling pipe. The pressure relief chamber adopts an eccentric crescent-shaped profile, combined with a 30°-60° oblique layout of the pressure relief channel, achieving both a step-like attenuation of airflow velocity and precise control of fragment movement direction, effectively reducing the impact energy's destructive effect on the structure.

[0016] The dual-seal design of the main and secondary seals maintains reliable sealing. The main seal uses an interference fit between a low-temperature resistant rubber ring and the filling tube to prevent high-pressure fluid penetration; the secondary seal acts as a secondary barrier, intercepting fragments that may splash back in the event of a breakable pressure relief section rupture, preventing them from damaging the snap ring locking mechanism or blocking the flow channel. The radial elastic contraction capability of the snap ring structure, combined with the beveled guide of the cap, ensures that the filling tube remains axially fixed under extreme pressure fluctuations, avoiding the risk of tube detachment and ejection. The protective grille at the pressure relief channel outlet further intercepts high-speed fragments, while the connection angle between the pressure relief chamber and the channel reduces the impact caused by turbulence.

[0017] The composite structure of the liquid-filled tube enhances its fracture resistance through material and process innovation. The flexible inner tube uses an ultra-low temperature toughness polymer material to maintain a sealed foundation; the reinforcing layer covers the inner tube with a cross-woven network, forming a mechanically interlocking structure during the hot-melt bonding process, ensuring that fragments remain constrained by the fiber network even if the tube breaks; the outer protective layer resists wear from construction machinery. This layered design significantly reduces the energy of flying debris while avoiding the risk of traditional adhesive failure at low temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is the overall appearance drawing of the disposable connection structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the quick connector and the filling tube of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick connector of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a disassembly diagram of the quick connector of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid filling tube of this utility model.

[0019] In the figure: quick connector 1; limiting groove 101; filling tube 2; flexible inner tube 201; reinforcing layer 202; protective layer 203; main sealing part 3; breakable pressure relief part 4; blocking element 401; pressure relief chamber 402; pressure relief channel 5; cap 6; limiting boss 601; guide slope 602; snap ring 7; horizontal annular part 701; inclined guide part 702; contraction joint 703; secondary sealing part 8; debris protection grid 9. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, a disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking includes a quick connector 1 and a filling pipe 2 made of cryogenic resistant material. Along the insertion direction of the filling tube 2, the quick connector 1 is provided with a main sealing part 3, a breakable pressure relief part 4 and a pressure relief channel 5 in sequence from its insertion end to the opening end of the quick connector 1. The main sealing part 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the bottom end of the quick connector 1 insertion channel, and is used to fix the filling tube 2; The breakable pressure relief section 4 includes a blocking element 401 with a preset breakage pressure and a pressure relief chamber 402 adjacent thereto. The blocking element 401 isolates the internal channel of the quick connector 1 from the pressure relief chamber 402 in the unbroken state. Pressure relief channel 5 is used to connect pressure relief chamber 402 to the external environment of quick connector 1; Among them, the breaking pressure of the blocking element 401 is higher than the system filling working pressure, but lower than the structural pressure resistance limit of the quick connector 1.

[0021] This application is based on a PU filling tube 2 and a PBT shell quick connector 1, with a self-destructing pressure relief structure added inside the quick connector 1. During the filling of liquefied air, the shatterable pressure relief part 4 seals, closing the connection between the inner cavity of the quick connector 1 and the external space, and this connection structure works normally. When the internal pressure of the quick connector 1 and the filling tube 2 is higher than the normal filling pressure of the system, the shatterable pressure relief part 4 self-destructs, opening the connection between the inner cavity of the quick connector 1 and the external space, and orderly and quickly expelling the impact airflow outside the connection system through the pressure relief channel 5, avoiding direct impact on the quick connector 1 and the filling tube 2, which could cause random structural breakage or connection failure. The size, direction, and flying direction of the fragments after the pipe connection fails are uncontrollable and can easily cause safety risks. The self-destructing pressure relief structure, which is lower than the structural pressure resistance limit of the quick connector 1, forms an impact buffer.

[0022] In the preferred embodiment, the main sealing part 3 is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material, with an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the filling tube 2, which is used to form an interference fit with the filling tube 2 during installation.

[0023] In the preferred embodiment, a cap 6 is fitted inside the end of the quick connector 1, and a radially protruding limiting boss 601 is provided at the lower end of the cap 6; A limiting groove 101 is provided on the inner wall of the quick connector 1, and a limiting boss 601 is provided in the limiting groove 101 to limit the axial displacement of the cap 6 in the quick connector 1. The snap ring 7 includes an integrally formed horizontal annular portion 701 and an inclined guide portion 702. The horizontal annular portion 701 is disposed in the limiting groove 101 to limit the axial displacement of the snap ring 3. The lower end of the limiting boss 601 is provided with a guide slope 602, and the guide slope 602 abuts against the inclined guide part 702; The retaining ring 7 is provided with multiple contraction slots 703 evenly distributed axially, which is used to give the retaining ring 7 radial elastic deformation capability. In its natural state, it radially contracts and locks the filling tube 2, and the guide slope 602 drives the retaining ring 7 to open radially.

[0024] In the preferred embodiment, a secondary sealing part 8 is provided between the breakable pressure relief part 4 and the snap ring 7. The secondary sealing part 8 is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material and is fixed on the inner channel wall of the quick connector 1. The lower end of the inclined guide 702 extends into the secondary sealing part 8. The maximum diameter of the inclined guide 702 is greater than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope 602 and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part 8, while its minimum diameter is less than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope 602 and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part 8.

[0025] The quick connector 1 is a self-locking pneumatic connector structure. The filling tube 2 passes through the cap 6, the snap ring 7, the secondary sealing part 8, the area of ​​the breakable pressure relief part 4, and the main sealing part 3 in sequence, and is then fixed against the stepped surface at the bottom of the inner channel of the quick connector 1. Under the action of internal air pressure, the filling tube 2 is tightly fitted with the main sealing part 3, and the friction ring is tight. At this time, the snap ring 7 is not driven by the cap 6 to unlock, and naturally contracts radially to lock the filling tube 2.

[0026] Because this application introduces a breakable pressure relief part 4, whose structure is located between the main sealing part 3 and the retaining ring 7, and includes an active sacrificial breakage structure, although the broken blocking element 401 will move into the pressure relief chamber 402 under the impact of high-pressure airflow, there will still be a small amount of tributary flow that will drive the fragments of the blocking element 401 into the inner channel of the quick connector 1. In order to prevent this part of the tributary flow from being too large, it will still impact the components in the inner channel of the quick connector 1, causing the connection between them and the filling tube 2 to fail, or the fragments of the blocking element 401 will fly towards the retaining ring 7 and damage its structure, causing the connection between them and the filling tube 2 to fail, it is necessary to add a secondary sealing part 8 structure. Its material is the same low-temperature resistant rubber material as the main sealing part 3, and the gap between its inner diameter and the outer surface of the filling tube 2 is smaller than the size of the fragments of the blocking element 401.

[0027] In the preferred embodiment, the blocking element 401 of the breakable pressure relief section 4 is a brittle plastic ring or a metal ring with a pre-set weak structure.

[0028] In this embodiment, the blocking element 401 is preferably made of brittle engineering plastic, such as PMMA acrylic or a phenolic resin with a specific formulation, or a thin-walled metal ring, preferably annealed copper or aluminum. By providing stress grooves or grooves on the blocking element 401 and combining them with its overall thickness, its ultimate pressure can be precisely controlled.

[0029] In the preferred embodiment, a pressure relief chamber 402 is provided on the rear side of the blocking element 401. The cross-sectional profile of the chamber is eccentric crescent-shaped, with the narrow end of the eccentric crescent-shaped profile located on the rear side of the blocking element 401 and the wide end connected to the pressure relief channel 5.

[0030] The space behind the blocking element 401 is directly adjacent to and seamlessly connected to the pressure relief chamber 402. The diameter of the space behind the blocking element 401 is small, while the aperture of the pressure relief chamber 402 is large. The chamber is continuously expanded through its eccentric crescent-shaped profile.

[0031] After the fluid breaks through the blocking element 401, it suddenly enters the large-diameter pressure relief chamber 402 from the smaller space behind it. The gas velocity drops sharply, and the pressure diffuses, creating conditions for subsequent directional discharge through the pressure relief channel. Simultaneously, the pressure relief path is kept clear. When the blocking element 401 breaks, its fragments are carried into the pressure relief chamber 402 by the high-speed fluid; the larger space prevents fragments from accumulating and blocking critical locations.

[0032] In the preferred embodiment, one end of each of the multiple pressure relief channels 5 is connected to the pressure relief chamber 402, and the other end extends obliquely to the outer surface of the quick connector 1. The oblique extension axis of the pressure relief channel 5 forms an angle of 30°-60° with the quick connector 1.

[0033] In the preferred embodiment, the connection between the pressure relief channel 5 and the pressure relief cavity 402 is located on the outer arc of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour of the pressure relief cavity 402, and its axis is parallel to the normal of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour arc segment at the connection.

[0034] In the preferred embodiment, the pressure relief channel 5 is also provided with a debris protection grille 9 at the outlet on the outer surface of the quick connector 1.

[0035] The pressure relief channel 5 is located on the side wall of the pressure relief chamber 402, thus avoiding the axial impact direction of the fluid. Its diameter is set to be a narrow channel to generate the Venturi effect, causing the high-pressure fluid in the pressure relief chamber 402 to accelerate as it passes through the small aperture, forming a high-speed jet. This accelerates the orderly discharge of the ultra-high-pressure airflow from the quick connector 1, controlling the pressure relief rate and preventing secondary pressure fluctuations caused by instantaneous emptying. The debris protection grille 9 is used to prevent debris from being ejected from the quick connector 1.

[0036] In the preferred embodiment, the filling tube 2 is a composite structure consisting of a flexible inner tube 201, a reinforcing layer 202, and a protective layer 203 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; The flexible inner tube 201 is a tube segment made of a high molecular polymer that maintains toughness and elasticity at ultra-low temperature liquefied air. The reinforcing layer 202 is a cross-woven network that covers the outer surface of the flexible inner tube 201 and is used to restrain the fragments of the liquid filling tube 2. The protective layer 203 covers the outside of the reinforcing layer 202 to resist external mechanical wear; The flexible inner tube 201, the reinforcing layer 202 and the protective layer 203 are integrally formed by a hot melt composite process, wherein the reinforcing layer 2 is partially embedded in the adjacent polymer layer during the hot melt process to form a mechanical interlock.

[0037] The hot-melt composite method refers to melting the surfaces of adjacent polymer layers by heating, fusing them under pressure, and then cooling them to form a single unit. This avoids the use of adhesives that are prone to failure at low temperatures. In this design, both the flexible inner tube 201 and the protective layer 203 are polymer matrices that can be compatiblely fused at hot-melt temperatures. The reinforcing layer 202 uses a fiber braided structure formed by cross-weaving high-strength polymer fiber tapes, which has gaps in the braided fibers. During the hot-melt process, the molten outer layer of the PU tube and the inner layer of the protective layer will penetrate into the fiber gaps of the braided layer. After cooling and solidification, they form a mechanical anchor similar to rivets or tree roots. This bonding method is very reliable at low temperatures and does not rely on chemical adhesives. The braided layer is sandwiched in the molten polymer, which greatly restricts its relative movement. When the filling tube 2 ruptures or even shatters under impact, the presence of the reinforcing layer 202 can keep the fragments partially connected to the main body, preventing them from splashing randomly.

[0038] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of this utility model and should not be considered as limitations on this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model should be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking, characterized in that: Includes a quick connector (1) made of low-temperature resistant material and a filling tube (2); Along the insertion direction of the filling tube (2), the quick connector (1) is provided with a main sealing part (3), a breakable pressure relief part (4) and a pressure relief channel (5) in sequence from its insertion end to the opening end of the quick connector (1). The main sealing part (3) is fixed to the inner wall of the quick connector (1) inserted into the bottom of the channel to fix the filling tube (2). The breakable pressure relief section (4) includes a blocking element (401) with a preset breakage pressure and a pressure relief chamber (402) adjacent thereto. The blocking element (401) isolates the channel inside the quick connector (1) from the pressure relief chamber (402) in the unbroken state. The pressure relief channel (5) is used to connect the pressure relief chamber (402) to the external environment of the quick connector (1); Among them, the breaking pressure of the blocking element (401) is higher than the system filling working pressure, but lower than the structural pressure resistance limit of the quick connector (1).

2. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main sealing part (3) is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material. Its inner diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the filling tube (2), and it is used to form an interference fit with the filling tube (2) during installation.

3. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick connector (1) has a cap (6) fitted on the inner side of its end, and the cap (6) has a radially protruding limiting boss (601) at its lower end. The quick connector (1) has a corresponding limiting groove (101) on its inner wall, and a limiting boss (601) is provided in the limiting groove (101) to limit the axial displacement of the cap (6) in the quick connector (1); The snap ring (7) includes an integrally formed horizontal annular portion (701) and an inclined guide portion (702). The horizontal annular portion (701) is provided in the limiting groove (101) to limit the axial displacement of the snap ring (7). The lower end of the limiting boss (601) is provided with a guide slope (602), and the guide slope (602) abuts against the inclined guide part (702); The snap ring (7) is provided with multiple contraction slots (703) evenly in the axial direction, which is used to give the snap ring (7) radial elastic deformation capability. In its natural state, it radially contracts and locks the filling tube (2), and the guide slope (602) drives the snap ring (7) to open radially.

4. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 3, characterized in that: A secondary sealing part (8) is provided between the breakable pressure relief part (4) and the snap ring (7). The secondary sealing part (8) is an annular seal made of low-temperature resistant rubber material and is fixed on the inner channel wall of the quick connector (1). The lower end of the inclined guide (702) extends into the secondary sealing part (8). The maximum diameter of the inclined guide (702) is greater than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope (602) and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part (8), while its minimum diameter is less than the minimum outer diameter of the lower end of the guide slope (602) and the inner diameter of the secondary sealing part (8).

5. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking element (401) of the brittle pressure relief section (4) is a brittle plastic ring or a metal ring with a pre-set weak structure.

6. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking element (401) has a pressure relief chamber (402) on the rear side, and its cross-sectional profile is an eccentric crescent shape. The narrow end of the eccentric crescent shape is located on the rear side of the blocking element (401), and the wide end is connected to the pressure relief channel (5).

7. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple pressure relief channels (5) are connected at one end to the pressure relief chamber (402) and at the other end to the outer surface of the quick connector (1). The angle between the inclined extension axis of the pressure relief channel (5) and the quick connector (1) is 30°-60°.

8. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel (5) and the pressure relief cavity (402) are connected at the outer arc of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour of the pressure relief cavity (402), and its axis is parallel to the normal of the eccentric crescent-shaped contour arc segment at the connection.

9. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel (5) is located at the outlet on the outer surface of the quick connector (1) and is also equipped with a debris protection grille (9).

10. The disposable connection structure for cryogenic liquefied air energy rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling tube (2) is a composite structure consisting of a flexible inner tube (201), a reinforcing layer (202) and a protective layer (203) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; The flexible inner tube (201) is a tube segment made of a high molecular polymer that maintains toughness and elasticity at ultra-low temperature liquefied air; The reinforcing layer (202) is a cross-woven network that covers the outer surface of the flexible inner tube (201) to restrain the fragments of the filling tube (2); The protective layer (203) covers the outside of the reinforcing layer (202) to resist external mechanical wear; The flexible inner tube (201), the reinforcing layer (202) and the protective layer (203) are integrally formed by hot melt composite process, wherein the reinforcing layer (202) is partially embedded in the adjacent polymer layer during the hot melt process to form a mechanical interlock.

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