Liquid nitrogen immersion type ice crystal particle group rapid preparation device

Abstract

This invention proposes a rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle clusters by liquid nitrogen immersion, which can quickly form stable and uniform ice crystal particle clusters and has flexible controllability to adapt to different experimental conditions. The device includes a quick-freezing chamber, a liquid nitrogen source, and a high-pressure nitrogen source. The liquid nitrogen source is connected to the quick-freezing chamber via a supply pipeline and a recovery pipeline, respectively, to inject and recover liquid nitrogen. A liquid nitrogen submersible pump is installed at the inlet of the recovery pipeline. A gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle is installed at the upper part of the quick-freezing chamber, connected to both the high-pressure nitrogen source and a water pipe. The nozzle sprays atomized water, forming a cluster of tiny water droplets that rapidly freeze upon entering the liquid nitrogen pool, forming ice crystal particle clusters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle swarms by liquid nitrogen immersion. Background Technology

[0002] Aero engines face a severe risk of icing when traversing ice-crystal-laden clouds, which can lead to core component failures and threaten flight safety. International and domestic airworthiness standards (such as FAA 14CFR-33 Annex D and EASACS-25) impose stringent verification requirements. However, the complex characteristics of the real high-altitude ice-crystal environment (such as particle phase, size distribution, and concentration) are difficult to accurately simulate in ground-based laboratories. Traditional methods relying on large-scale cooling wind tunnels or grinding to generate ice crystals suffer from problems such as bulky equipment, high energy consumption, inflexible particle characteristic control, and difficulty in continuously and stably generating high-concentration ice crystal particle groups, limiting the efficiency and accuracy of engine testing, ice wind tunnel research, and the exploration of icing physics mechanisms.

[0003] To address the limitations of existing ice crystal generation technologies, there is an urgent need for a ground-based generation solution that is compact, responsive, and allows for controllable particle characteristics. In particular, a technology capable of efficiently generating ice crystal particle swarms that meet target requirements (size, concentration) directly at test locations (such as in front of engine air intakes or wind tunnel test sections) is crucial for meeting aero-engine airworthiness certification requirements, enhancing ice wind tunnel testing capabilities, and deepening fundamental research on icing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background technology, this utility model proposes a rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle clusters by liquid nitrogen immersion, which should be able to rapidly form stable and uniform ice crystal particle clusters and have flexible control capabilities to adapt to different experimental conditions.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above problems is:

[0006] This invention proposes a rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle clusters by liquid nitrogen immersion, which is characterized by including a quick-freezing chamber, a liquid nitrogen source, and a high-pressure nitrogen source.

[0007] The quick-freezing chamber is an insulated cavity. Liquid nitrogen sources are connected to the interior of the quick-freezing chamber through supply and recovery pipelines, respectively. Liquid nitrogen is injected into the quick-freezing chamber and recovered through the supply and recovery pipelines. The upper part of the quick-freezing chamber is equipped with replaceable gas-assisted atomizing water nozzles. The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzles are connected to both a high-pressure nitrogen source and a water pipe through pipelines. High-pressure nitrogen and water are delivered to the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzles. With the assistance of high-pressure nitrogen, the water sprayed from the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzles is atomized into a group of tiny water droplets. After entering the liquid nitrogen pool, the water droplets freeze rapidly to form a group of ice crystal particles.

[0008] Furthermore, the aforementioned gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle is equipped with a heating structure to increase the temperature of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle and prevent the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle from freezing due to excessively low local temperatures.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating structure described above includes a heating wire and a wire. The heating wire is wound around the outer layer of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle, and the heating wire is connected to a power source via the wire.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the aforementioned quick-freezing chamber is equipped with a valve, and below the valve is a multi-layer vibrating screen to screen ice crystal particles.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower part of the aforementioned multi-layer vibrating screen is provided with a collection chamber, which is used to collect ice crystal particle clusters.

[0012] Furthermore, the aforementioned gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle is located at the center of the upper part of the quick-freezing chamber, with the nozzle pointing vertically downwards.

[0013] Furthermore, a low-temperature supply valve is installed on the aforementioned liquid supply pipeline, and the outlet of the liquid supply pipeline is connected to the middle of the quick-freezing chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the inlet of the aforementioned recovery pipeline is connected to the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber, and a liquid nitrogen submersible pump is installed at the inlet. Furthermore, the aforementioned liquid nitrogen immersion-type rapid ice crystal particle cluster preparation device also includes a water storage tank and a water pump; a gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle is connected to the water pump via a pipeline, and the water pump is located inside the water storage tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the liquid nitrogen source is a liquid nitrogen tank, which is positioned higher than the quick-freezing chamber. The high-pressure nitrogen source is a nitrogen cylinder, and a gas supply valve is provided on the pipe connecting the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle and the high-pressure nitrogen source.

[0016] In addition, the above-mentioned liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarm rapid preparation device includes the following steps during operation:

[0017] 1) Before starting the preparation, replace the corresponding gas-assisted atomizing water nozzles and multi-layer vibrating screens in advance according to the required ice crystal particle size and quantity;

[0018] 2) To prevent the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle from freezing, first turn on the nozzle heating wire and adjust the heating voltage to make the nozzle temperature higher than the freezing point of water.

[0019] 3) Open the cryogenic liquid supply valve to supply liquid to the quick-freezing chamber, and use liquid nitrogen to pre-cool the quick-freezing chamber and the collection chamber as a whole;

[0020] 4) Once the pre-cooling temperature is reached, turn on the water pump and nitrogen supply valve. The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle will start working, generating a group of water droplets. After entering the liquid nitrogen pool, the water droplets will freeze rapidly, forming a group of ice crystals, which will fall to the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber.

[0021] 5) Once a sufficient number of ice crystal particles have been generated, close the gas supply valve and water pump, and turn on the liquid nitrogen submersible pump to recover the liquid nitrogen.

[0022] 6) Open the valve and use a multi-layer vibrating screen to screen the ice crystal particles; during the screening process, the shape and particle size of the ice crystals can be observed.

[0023] 7) Collect the ice crystal particle clusters and store them in the collection chamber for later use.

[0024] Advantages of this utility model:

[0025] 1. This utility model can achieve the large-scale, rapid, uniform and stable generation of ice crystal particle groups. It utilizes water spray to directly immerse and freeze in a liquid nitrogen pool, which can prepare a large number of ice crystal particles in a short time.

[0026] 2. Liquid nitrogen immersion freezing allows for the recovery and reuse of liquid nitrogen, making its operation more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly.

[0027] 3. This invention achieves controllable generation of ice crystal particle size distribution through two-stage control. The first stage utilizes the adjustment of the water nozzle model to achieve primary control over a large particle size range, while the second stage utilizes a multi-layer vibrating screen to achieve secondary control over the particle size distribution.

[0028] 4. This utility model has high stability under extreme low-temperature conditions. It uses a heating wire to heat the water nozzle to prevent the nozzle from freezing at low temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarm rapid preparation device proposed in this utility model.

[0030] Among them, 1-Quick freezing chamber, 2-Gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle, 3-Liquid supply pipeline, 4-Heating wire, 5-Power supply, 6-Valve, 7-Multi-layer vibrating screen, 9-Collection chamber, 10-Recovery pipeline, 11-Gas supply valve, 12-Water storage tank, 13-Water pump, 14-Liquid nitrogen tank, 15-Nitrogen cylinder, 17-Liquid nitrogen submersible pump, 19-Cryogenic liquid supply valve. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to represent selected embodiments of this utility model.

[0032] See Figure 1 This invention proposes a rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle clusters by liquid nitrogen immersion, comprising a quick-freezing chamber 1, a liquid nitrogen source, and a high-pressure nitrogen source. The quick-freezing chamber 1 is a double-layered vacuum insulated cavity. The liquid nitrogen source is connected to the interior of the quick-freezing chamber 1 through a liquid supply pipeline 3 and a recovery pipeline 10. Liquid nitrogen is injected into the quick-freezing chamber 1 through the liquid supply pipeline 3 to form a liquid nitrogen pool, and liquid nitrogen is recovered from the quick-freezing chamber 1 through the recovery pipeline 10.

[0033] The upper part of the quick-freezing chamber 1 is equipped with a replaceable gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2. The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is connected to both a high-pressure nitrogen source and a water pipe through a pipeline. High-pressure nitrogen and water are delivered to the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2. With the assistance of high-pressure nitrogen, the water sprayed from the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is atomized into liquid water, forming a group of tiny water droplets. After entering the liquid nitrogen pool, the water droplet group freezes rapidly, forming a group of ice crystal particles.

[0034] Due to the liquid nitrogen pool, the quick-freezing chamber 1 maintains a low-temperature environment, rapidly freezing the water droplet particles into ice crystals and preventing the ice particles from sticking together as they melt. By changing the type of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2, 1 to 10 [units of measurement] can be achieved. 2 The wide particle size distribution of μm is controlled at the primary level. The inlet of the recovery pipeline 10 is connected to the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber 1, and a liquid nitrogen submersible pump 17 is provided at the inlet; the liquid nitrogen submersible pump 17 at the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber 1 is used to draw liquid nitrogen from the quick-freezing chamber 1.

[0035] Specifically, see Figure 1 The liquid nitrogen source is a liquid nitrogen tank 14, the high-pressure nitrogen source is a nitrogen cylinder 15, and the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is connected to the high-pressure nitrogen source through a pipeline, and the pipeline is equipped with a gas supply valve 11.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle is located in a low-temperature quick-freezing chamber. To prevent the nozzle from freezing, the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is equipped with a heating structure. The heating structure increases the temperature of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 and prevents the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 from freezing due to excessively low local temperature.

[0037] Specifically, the heating structure includes a heating wire 4, a wire, and a power supply. The heating wire 4 is wound around the outer layer of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2, and the heating wire 4 is connected to the power supply 5 through the wire, thereby appropriately increasing the temperature of the water spray. The power supply 5 is a DC power supply.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The quick-freezing chamber 1 is equipped with a valve 6 at its bottom, and a multi-layer vibrating screen 7 is located below the valve 6 to screen ice crystal particles. By replacing the multi-layer vibrating screen, two-dimensional control of the particle size of the ice crystal group can be achieved. A collection chamber 9 is located below the multi-layer vibrating screen 7. The collection chamber 9 is a heat-insulated chamber that can collect and store the generated ice crystal particles at a low temperature.

[0039] For example, by using a combination of 75-mesh and 150-mesh sieves, two-stage separation of ice crystal particle groups with a particle size distribution of 100-200μm can be achieved.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is located at the center of the upper part of the quick-freezing chamber 1, with the nozzle pointing vertically downwards. The liquid nitrogen source is a liquid nitrogen tank 14, which is positioned higher than the quick-freezing chamber 1. The high-pressure nitrogen source is a nitrogen cylinder 15. The liquid supply pipeline 3 is equipped with a cryogenic liquid supply valve 19, and its outlet is connected to the middle of the quick-freezing chamber 1, allowing liquid nitrogen to flow into the quick-freezing chamber 1 by gravity.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle cluster rapid preparation device also includes a water storage tank 12 and a water pump 13. The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 is connected to the water pump 13 through a pipe, and the water pump 13 is located inside the water storage tank 12.

[0042] The liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle cluster rapid preparation device proposed in this utility model achieves rapid freezing and generation of ice crystal particle clusters by directly spraying water into a liquid nitrogen pool. The device utilizes the atomization characteristics of the water nozzle and a multi-layer vibrating screen to control the particle size distribution of the ice crystal particle clusters, thereby achieving controllable, stable, and continuous generation of the particle clusters.

[0043] This invention also proposes a method for preparing ice crystal particle swarms, based on the aforementioned liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarm rapid preparation device, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0044] 1) Before starting the preparation, replace the corresponding gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 and multi-layer vibrating screen 7 in advance according to the ice crystal particle size and quantity requirements;

[0045] 2) To prevent the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 from freezing, first turn on the nozzle heating wire 4 and adjust the heating voltage to make the nozzle temperature higher than the freezing point of water (0℃).

[0046] 3) Open the low-temperature liquid supply valve 19 to supply liquid to the quick-freezing chamber 1, and use liquid nitrogen to pre-cool the quick-freezing chamber and the collection chamber as a whole;

[0047] 4) Once the pre-cooling temperature is reached, turn on the water pump 13 and the nitrogen supply valve 11. The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle 2 will start working to generate a group of water droplets. After the group of water droplets enters the liquid nitrogen pool, it freezes rapidly to form a group of ice crystals, which fall to the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber 1.

[0048] 5) Once a sufficient number of ice crystal particles have been generated, close the gas supply valve 11 and the water pump 13, and turn on the liquid nitrogen submersible pump 17 to recover the liquid nitrogen.

[0049] 6) Open valve 6 to collect the ice crystal particle cluster and store it in collection chamber 9 for later use.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can still adjust the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the present utility model fall within the scope of the claims of the present utility model and their equivalents, the present utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle swarms by liquid nitrogen immersion, characterized in that: Includes a quick-freezing chamber (1), a liquid nitrogen source, and a high-pressure nitrogen source; The quick-freezing chamber (1) is an insulated cavity. The liquid nitrogen source is connected to the inside of the quick-freezing chamber (1) through the liquid supply pipeline (3) and the recovery pipeline (10). The liquid nitrogen is injected into the quick-freezing chamber (1) and the liquid nitrogen is recovered through the liquid supply pipeline (3) and the recovery pipeline (10). The upper part of the quick-freezing chamber (1) is equipped with a replaceable gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2). The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) is connected to a high-pressure nitrogen source and a water pipe through a pipeline. High-pressure nitrogen and water are transported to the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2). With the assistance of high-pressure nitrogen, the water sprayed by the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) is atomized into liquid water to form a group of tiny water droplets. After entering the liquid nitrogen pool, the water droplet group freezes rapidly to form a group of ice crystal particles.

2. The liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarm rapid preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) is provided with a heating structure to increase the temperature of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) and prevent the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) from freezing due to local low temperature.

3. The rapid preparation device for liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating structure includes a heating wire (4) and a wire. The heating wire (4) is wound around the outer layer of the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2). The heating wire (4) is connected to a power source (5) through the wire.

4. The liquid nitrogen immersion-type rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle swarms according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The quick-freezing chamber (1) is equipped with a valve (6) at the bottom, and a multi-layer vibrating screen (7) is provided below the valve (6) to screen ice crystal particles.

5. The rapid preparation device for liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-layer vibrating screen (7) is provided with a collection chamber (9) at the bottom.

6. The liquid nitrogen immersion-type rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle swarms according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) is located at the center of the upper part of the quick-freezing chamber (1), with the nozzle pointing vertically downwards.

7. The liquid nitrogen immersion-type rapid preparation device for ice crystal particle swarms according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The liquid supply pipeline (3) is equipped with a low-temperature liquid supply valve (19), and the outlet of the liquid supply pipeline (3) is connected to the middle of the quick-freezing chamber (1).

8. The rapid preparation device for liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarms according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inlet of the recovery pipeline (10) is connected to the bottom of the quick-freezing chamber (1), and a liquid nitrogen submersible pump (17) is provided at the inlet.

9. The rapid preparation device for liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarms according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a water storage tank (12) and a water pump (13). The gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) is connected to the water pump (13) through a pipe. The water pump (13) is located inside the water storage tank (12).

10. The liquid nitrogen immersion ice crystal particle swarm rapid preparation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen source is a liquid nitrogen tank (14), which is positioned higher than the quick-freezing chamber (1). The high-pressure nitrogen source is a nitrogen cylinder (15). A gas supply valve (11) is provided on the pipeline connecting the gas-assisted atomizing water nozzle (2) and the high-pressure nitrogen source.

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