A simple charging device for open-air blasting

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of coal mine blasting technology, and in particular to the structural optimization of a charging device; a simple charging device for open-pit blasting includes a rope and at least two spacer units, wherein the spacer units are threaded on the rope and their size is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole; the bottommost spacer unit is wound around the rope to form a rope tray for supporting the explosive charge; the rope tray and the adjacent spacer units are kept at a certain distance by the rope to form a charging space for accommodating the explosive charge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting technology, and in particular to the structural optimization of a charging device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the continuous charge structure commonly used in blasting operations in non-coal open-pit mines suffers from low energy utilization, unsatisfactory blasting effects, and high costs. To improve blasting results, the industry has tried various charging methods such as water-spaced, air-spaced, or PVC pipe air-spaced methods, but these methods all have limitations such as inconvenient construction or high costs.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN120506859A discloses a deep-hole blasting charging device and method for coal mines. In this technical solution, the interval positioning of the explosive charges is achieved through precise operation inside a pre-installed pipe. Specifically, a detonating cord mounting pipe and multiple rotating rod mounting pipes are integrated inside the charging pipe, with a rotatable arc-shaped explosive stop arm connected to each rotating rod. During charging, the entire charging pipe is first inserted into the borehole, and then these stops are rotated from the inside, changing them from a state of contact with the pipe wall to a protruding state. This mechanically stops and supports the segmented cylindrical explosive charges inside the pipe, creating continuous air gaps.

[0004] However, the aforementioned device has an exceptionally complex structure, high manufacturing costs, and cumbersome operation. Its charging tube requires the integration of multiple mounting tubes and moving parts, resulting in complex production and assembly processes and high unit costs. Furthermore, the operation is extremely inconvenient, requiring specialized tools to manually rotate operating levers one by one within the narrow tube to control the stop arm. This demands high precision from workers, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and leads to low construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, a simple charging device for open-pit blasting is provided.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a simple charging device for open-pit blasting, comprising a rope and at least two spacer units, wherein the spacer units are threaded on the rope and their size is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole; the bottom spacer unit is wound around the rope to form a rope tray for supporting the explosive charge; the rope tray and the adjacent spacer units are kept at a certain distance by the rope to form a charging space for accommodating the explosive charge.

[0007] This design employs a minimalist combination of "rope body + spacer unit" to replace the existing device's multiple tubes, moving parts (such as rotating rods, stop arms, and buckles), and precision assembly processes. The spacer unit simply runs through the rope body; its size is designed to be smaller than the borehole diameter, ensuring free access to the borehole without the need for additional tubes. The bottom spacer unit forms a rope tray by directly winding the rope around itself, utilizing the rope's inherent flexibility for self-fixation, eliminating the need for complex mechanical structures or specialized fasteners. This design significantly reduces the number of parts and assembly steps, substantially lowering material costs (e.g., reducing metal processing parts and moving components) and labor assembly costs, while avoiding the stringent precision requirements of manufacturing precision components.

[0008] Workers simply need to place the rope along with the spacers into the blast hole, and adjust the rope length or the spacing between the spacers to create the charging space (the distance between the rope tray and adjacent spacers is naturally maintained by the rope). The rope tray is formed directly by winding the rope, without the need for special tools or complex operations, reducing reliance on worker skills and precision, minimizing operational steps and time, and significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spacer unit is a ring structure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spacer unit is provided with a through hole for the rope to pass through.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it also includes an orifice positioning unit, which is fixed to the top of the rope and has a diameter larger than the blast hole used for blasting.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the diameter of the orifice positioning unit is larger than the diameter of the spacing unit.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the rope tray and the adjacent spacer unit together constitute a drug assembly; the device is provided with multiple drug assemblies, and the multiple drug assemblies are spaced apart by ropes to form an air gap layer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spacing between adjacent interval units can be adjusted by the rope.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the number of ropes is at least three, and they are evenly wound and fixed on the spacer units so that each spacer unit remains parallel to each other under the traction of the ropes.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the end of the rope is provided with an anchor for fixing it to the outside of the blast hole.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A simple charging device for open-pit blasting, through the cooperation of rope and spacer units, forms a stable charging space in the blast hole, ensuring accurate positioning of the explosive charge, avoiding displacement or damage of the charge during the charging process, and improving blasting effect and safety.

[0018] Furthermore, the symmetrical ring structure distributes stress evenly, effectively preventing tipping due to uneven stress when supporting the medicine pack. At the same time, the ring structure makes it lightweight, saving materials and further reducing manufacturing costs and operational load during transportation and placement.

[0019] Furthermore, the spacer unit is provided with through holes, which provide a specific way for the rope to pass through the spacer unit. This method ensures reliable connection, simplifies manufacturing, and allows the spacer unit to be flexibly positioned on the rope before being fixed, providing the necessary design flexibility for the device.

[0020] Furthermore, the orifice positioning unit significantly improves the operability of the entire charging process and the stability of the device within the borehole. This unit effectively prevents the device from tilting, flipping, or even jamming due to unevenness of the borehole wall or shift in the center of gravity of the explosive charge, ensuring that the device and explosive charge can be smoothly and vertically lowered to the designed depth, guaranteeing the accuracy of the air gap and the reliability of the blasting effect. Moreover, the orifice positioning unit is fixed outside the borehole and can be recycled after blasting.

[0021] Furthermore, the diameter of the orifice positioning unit is larger than that of the spacer unit, which avoids the risk of the positioning unit accidentally falling into the orifice and clearly distinguishes the functions of the positioning unit and the spacer unit, enabling operators to clearly and accurately identify and operate them.

[0022] Furthermore, multi-stage explosive assemblies utilize air gaps to achieve layered loading, optimizing explosive energy distribution, improving blasting effectiveness, and facilitating adjustments to the charge amount and spacing. Depending on different rock strata conditions and blasting requirements, multiple air gaps can be formed within a single borehole, allowing for more precise control of the explosive energy distribution, achieving better blasting results, and significantly expanding its application range and the flexibility of blasting design.

[0023] Furthermore, the adjustable spacing design allows the device to adapt to boreholes of different depths and diameters, improving the flexibility of charging and meeting diverse blasting needs.

[0024] Furthermore, multiple ropes are evenly wound around the interval unit to enhance the tensile strength and structural stability of the device and prevent the device from failing due to the breakage of a single rope.

[0025] Furthermore, anchors secure the ends of the rope to prevent the device from being pushed out of the blast hole by the shock wave during blasting, while also facilitating the operator's traction and retrieval.

[0026] Other features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to the present invention; The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: Rope body 1, spacer unit 2, rope tray 3, orifice positioning unit 4. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, a simple charging device for open-pit blasting includes a rope body 1, a spacer unit 2, a rope tray 3, and a borehole positioning unit 4. The rope body 1 is preferably made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel wire rope or synthetic fiber rope, and its length can be cut according to the depth of the blast hole. The spacer unit 2 is a ring structure, preferably made of lightweight, high-strength steel or engineering plastic, and has a through hole for the rope body 1 to pass through. The outer diameter of the spacer unit 2 is designed to be smaller than the diameter of the target blast hole to ensure that it can be smoothly inserted into the hole.

[0032] In this embodiment, the bottommost spacer unit 2 is wrapped and bound with the end of the rope 1 to form a mesh or disc-shaped support structure, namely a rope tray 3, which reliably supports the bottommost explosive charge. The rope 1 passes through the other spacer units 2 sequentially upwards, and by tying knots on the rope, using buckles or clamping fasteners, a preset distance is maintained between each spacer unit 2, thereby forming a stable loading space between the rope tray 3 and adjacent spacer units 2, as well as between each spacer unit 2, for accommodating the explosive charge.

[0033] The orifice positioning unit 4 is fixed at the upper opening of the rope body 1, and its diameter must be larger than the diameter of the blast hole. This unit can be a simple rigid disc; its function is to lock into the blast hole opening when the device is lowered, which not only determines the depth of the device's descent, but also plays a stabilizing and guiding role, preventing the device from tilting or falling into the hole.

[0034] A method for charging explosives for open-pit blasting specifically includes the following steps: S1. Based on the actual depth and diameter of the borehole, as well as the characteristics of the rock strata and the blasting design requirements, calculate and determine the key parameters such as the total amount of explosives required, the number and location of air gaps; then place the first explosive charge at the bottom of the borehole, which serves as the foundation of the entire charge structure.

[0035] S2. Based on the aforementioned design parameters, determine the required number of charge components and configure a simple charge device accordingly: First, adjust the spacing between each interval unit 2 on the rope to meet the design requirements for air gap distance, and fix the spacing by tying knots on the rope 1 or using special locks; then, place the explosive charge in the charge space formed by the interval unit 2 and the rope tray 3 in a stable manner, ensuring that the charge is placed in the center and avoiding off-center loading.

[0036] S3. By manually pulling the top of the rope 1, the entire device with the explosive charge package is slowly and steadily lowered into the blast hole. During this lowering process, the operator must closely observe the sinking status of the orifice positioning unit 4 fixed at the top of the rope 1, and judge the depth of the device by its relative position to the orifice opening, and ensure that the entire device remains vertical and is lowered smoothly to the design position without tilting or jamming.

[0037] S4. After the device is lowered to the predetermined position and the borehole positioning unit 4 is reliably locked in the borehole opening, the end of the rope is fixed to the ground outside the borehole opening using ground nails, weights or other anchors to prevent the device from moving accidentally before or after blasting. After completing the network connection and other preparations, the explosive charge can be detonated.

[0038] S5. After the blasting is completed, and on the premise that the site is safe, try to slowly pull the device out of the blast hole by using the traction rope 1. If the device is not damaged, the rope 1, the spacer unit 2, the hole positioning unit 4 and other components can be recovered, inspected and cleaned and reused for subsequent blasting operations, thereby reducing the cost of consumables. If the components are found to be damaged, they should be replaced.

[0039] Taking a blast hole with a depth of 15 meters as an example, the specific charging process is as follows: determine the number of charging components, charge 5 meters of explosive at the bottom of the blast hole and 4 meters at the top of the blast hole, and form an air gap of 1.2 meters in between.

[0040] Next, assemble the simple charging device: Take several sturdy ropes approximately 10 meters long, and prepare two annular spacer units with an outer diameter smaller than the borehole, and one orifice positioning unit with a diameter larger than the borehole. During assembly, first pass the ropes through the orifice positioning unit and all the spacer units in sequence. Then, fix the first spacer unit at the bottom of the rope; this unit will serve as the upper boundary of the explosive charge at the bottom of the borehole, and wrap the rope around it to form a rope tray. Measure 4.2 meters upward from this point and fix the second spacer unit. Finally, fix the orifice positioning unit 8.8 meters from the bottom of the rope, and connect the rope end to an anchor.

[0041] After the device is assembled, the operators carefully place a 5-meter-long bottom explosive charge at the bottom of the borehole. Next, a 4-meter-long top explosive charge is securely placed within the loading space formed by the rope tray and the uppermost spacer unit. One operator holds the top of the rope, while another assists in guiding the entire device, carrying the top explosive charge, as it is slowly and vertically lowered into the borehole. During the lowering process, everyone closely monitors the position of the borehole positioning unit; once it is stably locked in place at the borehole opening, the lowering is immediately stopped. At this point, the device is accurately positioned: the bottom rope tray is suspended above the bottom explosive charge, creating a 1.2-meter air gap, and the top explosive charge is in its designed position. Then, the rope end is securely fixed to the outside of the borehole using anchors, the 4-meter-long mud seal is completed, and the detonation circuit is connected. After all personnel have evacuated, the explosives can be detonated. After the blasting was completed and safety was confirmed, the operators successfully retrieved the undamaged rope, upper spacer unit, and orifice positioning unit using the traction rope for future use, effectively reducing operating costs.

[0042] All articles and references disclosed herein, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for various purposes. The term “substantially constitutes…” used to describe a combination should include the identified elements, components, parts, or steps, as well as other elements, components, parts, or steps that do not substantially affect the essential novelty of the combination. The use of the terms “comprising” or “including” to describe combinations of elements, components, parts, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments substantially constituted by such elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of the term “may” herein is intended to indicate that any described attribute included by “may” is optional.

[0043] Multiple elements, components, parts, or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part, or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part, or step can be divided into multiple separate elements, components, parts, or steps. The use of "a" or "an" to describe an element, component, part, or step does not imply the exclusion of other elements, components, parts, or steps.

[0044] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes and not for limitation. Many embodiments and applications beyond the provided examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of this teaching should not be determined by reference to the above description, but rather by reference to the appended claims and the full scope of their equivalents. For purposes of completeness, all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended as a waiver of that subject matter, nor should it be considered that the inventor has not considered that subject matter as part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting, comprising a rope (1) and at least two spacer units (2), characterized in that: The spacer unit (2) is threaded through the rope (1) and its size is smaller than the diameter of the borehole. The bottom spacer unit (2) is wound around the rope (1) to form a rope tray (3) for supporting the explosive charge. The rope tray (3) and the adjacent spacer unit (2) are kept at a certain distance through the rope (1) to form a charging space for accommodating the explosive charge.

2. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer unit (2) is a ring structure.

3. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer unit (2) is provided with a through hole through which the rope (1) passes.

4. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a borehole positioning unit (4), which is fixed to the top of the rope body (1) and has a diameter larger than the blast hole used for blasting.

5. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the orifice positioning unit (4) is greater than the diameter of the spacing unit (2).

6. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rope tray (3) and the adjacent spacer unit (2) together constitute a drug loading assembly; the device is provided with multiple drug loading assemblies, and the multiple drug loading assemblies are spaced apart by the rope (1) to form an air gap layer.

7. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent interval units (2) can be adjusted by the rope (1).

8. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of ropes (1) is at least three, and they are evenly wound and fixed on the spacer units (2) so that each spacer unit (2) remains parallel to each other under the traction of the ropes (1).

9. A simple charging device for open-pit blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the rope (1) is provided with an anchor for fixing it to the outside of the blast hole opening.

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