Measuring fixtures

Abstract

This application discloses a measuring fixture for assisting in measuring the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings in a drive shaft assembly after it has been installed in a gearbox. The gearbox has a first and second blocking surface with a first distance in the axial direction. The measuring fixture includes a base, a driver, and a measuring tool. The base has a third and fourth blocking surface with a second distance in the axial direction, the second distance being smaller than the first distance by the first predetermined value, and the first predetermined value being greater than the absolute value of the total clearance, so that the shaft of the drive shaft assembly can move axially relative to the base. The driver is disposed on the base for driving the shaft to move axially. The measuring tool is disposed on the base for detecting the total axial movement of the shaft relative to the base. The total clearance is the difference between the total movement and the first predetermined value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of measuring equipment technology, and in particular to a measuring fixture. Background Technology

[0002] The wind turbine's transmission includes a gearbox and a drive shaft assembly mounted on the gearbox. The drive shaft assembly includes a shaft (high-speed shaft) and a first tapered bearing and a second tapered bearing fitted onto the shaft. The shaft is rotatably connected to the gearbox via the first and second tapered bearings, respectively. Typically, the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings is negative.

[0003] Due to manufacturing errors, it is difficult to guarantee that the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings will remain at the design value after replacing the first or second tapered bearing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a measuring fixture to assist in measuring the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings after the transmission shaft assembly is installed in the gearbox, thereby facilitating timely adjustment of the installation positions of the first and second tapered bearings and ensuring that the total clearance is maintained at the design value.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a measuring fixture for assisting in measuring the total axial clearance of a first tapered bearing and a second tapered bearing in a drive shaft assembly after the drive shaft assembly is installed in a gearbox. The gearbox has a first blocking surface that axially limits the first tapered bearing and a second blocking surface that axially limits the second tapered bearing. The first and second blocking surfaces have a first distance axially between them. The measuring fixture includes a base, a driver, and a measuring instrument. The base has a third and a fourth blocking surface arranged axially opposite to each other. The third blocking surface limits the first tapered bearing axially, and the fourth blocking surface limits the second tapered bearing axially. The third and fourth blocking surfaces have a second distance axially between them. The second distance is smaller than the first distance by a first predetermined value, and the first predetermined value is greater than the absolute value of the total clearance, so that the shaft of the drive shaft assembly can move axially relative to the base. A drive unit is mounted on the base and is used to drive the shaft to move axially towards a first side until the preload applied to the first tapered bearing reaches a second predetermined value, and to drive the shaft to move axially towards a second side until the preload applied to the second tapered bearing reaches a second predetermined value. A measuring instrument is mounted on the base and is used to detect the total axial movement of the shaft relative to the base. The total clearance is the difference between the total movement and the first predetermined value.

[0006] Optionally, the base has an axially penetrating receiving cavity, the diameters of the two ends of the receiving cavity being larger than the diameter of the middle part, so that the connection between the two ends and the middle part respectively forms a first step surface and a second step surface, the first step surface being a third blocking surface and the second step surface being a fourth blocking surface, and the two ends being used to receive the first tapered bearing and the second tapered bearing respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the cavity wall accommodating the cavity is a surface of revolution. The base includes a first part and a second part, which are detachably connected. The first part and the second part are joined at a reference plane, which passes through the center line of revolution of the cavity wall.

[0008] Optionally, the drive includes a first drive cylinder and a second drive cylinder. The first drive cylinder is axially telescopic, and its axial extension drives the shaft to move axially toward a second side. The second drive cylinder is axially telescopic, and its axial extension drives the shaft to move axially toward a first side.

[0009] Optionally, the measuring fixture also includes a fixed component and a movable component. The fixed component is located on one side of the base in the axial direction and is fixedly connected to the base. The movable component is located on the side of the fixed component facing away from the base in the axial direction, and is used to connect to the shaft. A first drive cylinder is located between the fixed component and the shaft. When the first drive cylinder extends axially, it pushes against the shaft, thereby driving the shaft to move axially towards a second side. A second drive cylinder is located between the movable component and the fixed component. When the second drive cylinder extends axially, it pushes against the movable component, thereby driving the shaft to move axially towards a first side via the movable component.

[0010] Optionally, the measuring fixture further includes a first rotating member and a second rotating member. The first rotating member is used to rotate around the central axis of the shaft and engage with the shaft. A first drive cylinder is axially positioned between the fixed member and the first rotating member, and pushes against the shaft through the first rotating member. The second rotating member rotates around the central axis with the movable member. A second drive cylinder is axially positioned between the second rotating member and the fixed member, and pushes against the movable member through the second rotating member.

[0011] Optionally, the measuring fixture also includes a first connecting rod that extends axially and passes sequentially through the movable part, the second rotating part, the second drive cylinder, the fixed part, the first drive cylinder, and the first rotating part. The first connecting rod is connected to the movable part and is used to connect the shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the measuring fixture also includes a support and a second connecting rod. The support is axially clamped between the fixture and the base. The second connecting rod extends axially and passes sequentially through the fixture, the support, and the base, connecting the fixture and the base respectively.

[0013] Optionally, there may be multiple measuring instruments, each used to detect the total amount of movement of the shaft at different positions in its circumference.

[0014] Optionally, the measuring fixture further includes a first locking member and / or a second locking member. The first locking member is detachably connected to the base for axially pressing the first outer ring of the first tapered bearing against a third blocking surface. The second locking member is detachably connected to the base for axially pressing the second outer ring of the second tapered bearing against a fourth blocking surface.

[0015] The technical solution described in this application has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0016] In this application's technical solution, after the drive shaft assembly is installed on the base, the shaft can move axially relative to the base because the first predetermined value is greater than the absolute value of the total clearance. By cooperating with a drive and a measuring tool, the total axial movement of the shaft relative to the base can be obtained. Subtracting the first predetermined value from this total movement yields the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings after the drive shaft assembly is installed in the gearbox. Comparing this total clearance with the design value, the installation positions of the first and second tapered bearings are adjusted in a timely manner, ultimately ensuring that the total axial clearance of the first and second tapered bearings remains at the design value after the drive shaft assembly is installed in the gearbox. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drive shaft assembly installed in the gearbox of a wind turbine.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a measuring fixture (equipped with a drive shaft assembly) according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the measuring fixture shown;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a partial view in the image;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first component in the base of the measuring fixture shown;

[0023] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft assembly being installed on the first component;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second component being installed on the first component;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second locking components installed on the base;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the base being installed on the pedestal;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the fastener being installed on the base;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the driver, moving part, first rotating part, and second rotating part mounted on the base.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1-Measuring fixture; 11-Base; 111-First split part; 112-Second split part; 113-Accommodating cavity; 114-Third blocking surface; 115-Fourth blocking surface; 12-Driver; 121-First drive cylinder; 122-Second drive cylinder; 13-Measuring tool; 14-Fixed part; 15-Moving part; 161-First rotating part; 162-Second rotating part; 171-First connecting rod; 172-Supporting part; 173-Second connecting rod; 181-First locking part; 182-Second locking part Components; 191-Base; 192-First nut; 193-Second nut; 2-Drive shaft assembly; 21-Shaft body; 22-First tapered bearing; 221-First outer ring; 222-First inner ring; 23-Second tapered bearing; 231-Second outer ring; 232-Second inner ring; 24-Pressure plate; 241-Body; 242-Protrusion; 3-Gearbox; 31-First blocking surface; 32-Second blocking surface; H-First spacing; h-Second spacing; T-Protrusion height; L-Central axis; F-Axial direction. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drive shaft assembly 2 installed in the gearbox of a wind turbine generator.

[0032] The wind turbine's transmission includes a gearbox 3 and a drive shaft assembly 2 disposed in the gearbox 3.

[0033] The drive shaft assembly 2 includes a shaft body 21 (high-speed shaft), a first tapered bearing 22, a second tapered bearing 23, and a pressure plate 24.

[0034] Shaft 21 has a central axis L. In this document, unless otherwise specified, "axial direction F" refers to the axial direction F of shaft 21, that is, the direction of extension of the central axis L.

[0035] The first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the shaft 21, and the shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the gearbox 3 through the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23.

[0036] Specifically, the gearbox 3 has a first blocking surface 31 that limits the first tapered bearing 22 in the axial direction F, and a second blocking surface 32 that limits the second tapered bearing 23 in the axial direction F. The first blocking surface 31 and the second blocking surface 32 have a first distance H in the axial direction F.

[0037] The first tapered bearing 22 includes a first outer ring 221 and a first inner ring 222 that are rotatable relative to each other about a central axis L. The second tapered bearing 23 includes a second outer ring 231 and a second inner ring 232 that are rotatable relative to each other about a central axis L. The first inner ring 222 and the second inner ring 232 are respectively fixedly sleeved on the outside of the shaft body 21. The position of the second inner ring 232 in the axial direction F can be limited by a limiting member (not shown), and the position of the first inner ring 222 in the axial direction F is limited by a pressure plate 24. The pressure plate 24 is locked to one end of the shaft body 21. The pressure plate 24 includes a body 241 and a protrusion 242 protruding from the body 241. The protrusion 242 has a protrusion height T. The protrusion height T determines the position of the first inner ring 222 in the axial direction F.

[0038] After the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed in the gearbox 3, under the squeezing action of the pressure plate 24, the first outer ring 221 presses against the first blocking surface 31 in the axial direction F, the second outer ring 231 presses against the second blocking surface 32 in the axial direction F, the first inner ring 222 and the first outer ring 221 press against each other in the axial direction F and have a first clearance, which is negative. The second inner ring 232 and the second outer ring 231 press against each other in the axial direction F and have a second clearance, which is negative.

[0039] After the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed in the gearbox 3, the total clearance of the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 in the axial direction F is referred to as the "total clearance". The total clearance is the sum of the first clearance and the second clearance. Since both the first clearance and the second clearance are negative values, the total clearance is also negative.

[0040] "Clearance" (also known as play) refers to the maximum amount of radial or axial movement of the inner and outer rings in a bearing when one is fixed. When clearance is positive, the inner or outer ring can move freely a certain distance radially or axially when one is fixed. Positive clearance reduces the risk of bearing "seize" due to installation, temperature changes, or load. When clearance is negative, there is an "interference" (i.e., preload) between the inner and outer rings. When one is fixed, the other cannot move freely and requires external force to overcome the preload and produce a small displacement. Negative clearance eliminates the gap between the inner and outer rings, improving bearing rigidity, rotational accuracy, and stability, while reducing vibration and noise.

[0041] When replacing the first tapered bearing 22 or the second tapered bearing 23, due to manufacturing errors in the dimensions of the parts, it is difficult to guarantee that the total clearance will remain at the design value after replacement. For example, if the design value of the total clearance is -0.07mm, the total clearance will be -0.12mm after assembly because the axial F dimension of the first inner ring 222 of the first tapered bearing 22 is greater than the standard value by 0.05mm.

[0042] The following embodiments of this application provide a measuring fixture 1, which assists in measuring the total clearance, thereby facilitating timely adjustment of the installation positions of the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23, so that the total clearance can be maintained at the design value.

[0043] Please see Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a measuring fixture 1 (with a drive shaft assembly 2 installed) according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The cross-sectional view of measuring fixture 1 shown is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a partial view in the image.

[0044] Measuring fixture 1 is used to assist in measuring total clearance. Measuring fixture 1 includes a base 11, a driver 12, and a measuring instrument 13. The base 11 has a third blocking surface 114 and a fourth blocking surface 115 disposed opposite to each other in the axial direction F. The third blocking surface 114 is used to limit the first tapered bearing 22 in the axial direction F. The fourth blocking surface 115 is used to limit the second tapered bearing 23 in the axial direction F. The third blocking surface 114 and the fourth blocking surface 115 have a second distance h in the axial direction F. The second distance h is smaller than the first distance H by a first predetermined value, and the first predetermined value is greater than the absolute value of the total clearance, so that the shaft 21 of the drive shaft assembly 2 can move relative to the base 11 in the axial direction F. The driver 12 is disposed on the base 11 and is used to drive the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F toward a first side until the preload applied to the first tapered bearing 22 reaches a second predetermined value, and to drive the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F toward a second side until the preload applied to the second tapered bearing 23 reaches a second predetermined value. The measuring instrument 13 is disposed on the base 11 and is used to detect the total amount of movement of the shaft 21 relative to the base 11 in the axial direction F. The total clearance is the difference between the total amount of movement and a first predetermined value.

[0045] The base 11 is used to mount the drive shaft assembly 2. After the drive shaft assembly 2 is mounted on the base 11, the first outer ring 221 of the first tapered bearing 22 is positioned opposite to the third blocking surface 114, and the second outer ring 231 of the second tapered bearing 23 is positioned opposite to the fourth blocking surface 115. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the measuring fixture 1 is placed vertically, i.e., the axial direction F is parallel to the vertical direction. Since the first inner ring 222 of the first tapered bearing 22 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft 21, when the shaft 21 moves upward, the first outer ring 221 will abut against the third blocking surface 114. Since the second inner ring 232 of the second tapered bearing 23 is fixedly sleeved on the shaft 21, when the shaft 21 moves downward, the second outer ring 231 will abut against the fourth blocking surface 115. The first inner ring 222 and the second inner ring 232 are fixed to the shaft 21 by an interference fit. In other embodiments, a limiting member can also be provided to position the first inner ring 222 and the second inner ring 232 in the axial direction F.

[0046] For example, to illustrate that the first predetermined value is greater than the absolute value of the total clearance: In some embodiments, when the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed in the gearbox 3, the design value of the total clearance is -0.07mm, then the first predetermined value can be 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.3mm, or 2mm. Typically, in order to ensure that the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed in the measuring fixture 1, the shaft 21 has a large displacement in the axial direction F to facilitate measurement, so the first predetermined value is taken to be relatively large, for example, 1.3mm.

[0047] With the drive shaft assembly 2 installed in the gearbox 3, the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 have a preload (axial compressive force) in the axial direction F. The preload of the first tapered bearing 22 is the compressive force of the first outer ring 221 and the first inner ring 222 in the axial direction F. The preload of the second tapered bearing 23 is the compressive force of the second outer ring 231 and the second inner ring 232 in the axial direction F. The preload applied by the driver 12 to the first tapered bearing 22 or the second tapered bearing 23 is the driving force of the driver 12. This driving force acts on the shaft body 21 and is transmitted to the base 11 sequentially through the first tapered bearing 22 or the second tapered bearing 23. The second predetermined value (driving force of the driver 12) is approximately 1.2 to 1.5 times the preload of the first tapered bearing 22 or the second tapered bearing 23 when the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed in the gearbox 3.

[0048] When the drive shaft assembly 2 is mounted on the base 11, the total amount of movement of the shaft 21 relative to the base 11 in the axial direction F is referred to as the "total amount of movement". The measuring instrument 13 can measure the total amount of movement in various ways, as illustrated below.

[0049] Method 1: The measuring fixture 1 is configured such that after the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, the central axis L of the shaft 21 is parallel to the vertical. The driver 12 drives the shaft 21 downward until the preload on the second tapered bearing 23 reaches a second predetermined value, at which point the shaft 21 is in the first position. The driver 12 releases the force on the shaft 21, and after the shaft 21 comes to rest, it is in the second position. The measuring instrument 13 detects the first displacement of the shaft 21 between the first and second positions. The driver 12 drives the shaft 21 upward until the preload on the first tapered bearing 22 reaches a second predetermined value, at which point the shaft 21 is in the third position. The driver 12 releases the force on the shaft 21, and after the shaft 21 comes to rest, it is in the fourth position. The measuring instrument 13 detects the second displacement of the shaft 21 between the third and fourth positions. The total movement is the sum of the first and second displacements.

[0050] Method 2: After the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, the orientation of the central axis L of the shaft 21 is not limited. The driver 12 drives the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F to one side until the preload on the second tapered bearing 23 reaches a second predetermined value, at which point the shaft 21 is in the fifth position. The driver 12 then drives the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F to the other side until the preload on the first tapered bearing 22 reaches a second predetermined value, at which point the shaft 21 is in the sixth position. The measuring instrument 13 detects the third displacement of the shaft 21 between the fifth and sixth positions. The total amount of movement is the third displacement.

[0051] After obtaining the total amount of movement, subtracting the first predetermined value from the total amount of movement yields the total clearance. Specifically, it satisfies the following formula: X1 = L - (Hh), where L is the total amount of movement, X1 is the total clearance, H is the first distance between the first blocking surface 31 and the second blocking surface 32 in the axial direction F, and h is the second distance between the third blocking surface 114 and the fourth blocking surface 115 in the axial direction F.

[0052] After obtaining the total clearance X1, the installation positions of the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 are adjusted so that the total clearance can be maintained at the design value X. The specific process is as follows.

[0053] Compare the total clearance X1 with the design value X, and perform different processing based on the comparison results.

[0054] When the total clearance X1 is equal to the design value X, the installation positions of the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 on the shaft body 21 in the transmission shaft assembly 2 meet the design requirements, and the transmission shaft assembly 2 can be installed in the gearbox 3.

[0055] When the total clearance X1 is greater than the design value X, the distance between the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 on the shaft body 21 in the drive shaft assembly 2 is too large, and it is necessary to reduce the distance between the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 on the shaft body 21. Specifically, the pressure plate 24 is replaced, and the protrusion height T of the replaced pressure plate 24 is reduced. The reduction in the protrusion height T of the replaced pressure plate 24 can be the difference between the total clearance X1 and the design value X. The first inner ring 222 of the first tapered bearing 22 is press-fitted onto the shaft body 21 using the replaced pressure plate 24.

[0056] When the total clearance X1 is less than the design value X, the distance between the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 on the shaft body 21 in the drive shaft assembly 2 is too small, requiring an increase in the distance between the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 on the shaft body 21. Specifically, the pressure plate 24 is replaced, and the protrusion height T of the replaced pressure plate 24 is increased. The increase in the protrusion height T of the replaced pressure plate 24 can be the difference between the total clearance X1 and the design value X. After removing the first tapered bearing 22 from the shaft body 21, the first inner ring 222 of the first tapered bearing 22 is press-fitted onto the shaft body 21 using the replaced pressure plate 24.

[0057] In the technical solution of this application, after the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, the shaft 21 can move relative to the base 11 in the axial direction F because the first predetermined value is greater than the absolute value of the total clearance X1. By cooperating with the driver 12 and the measuring tool 13, the total amount of movement L of the shaft 21 relative to the base 11 in the axial direction F can be obtained. Subtracting the first predetermined value from the total amount of movement L gives the total clearance X1. Based on the comparison between the total clearance X1 and the design value X, the installation positions of the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 are adjusted in a timely manner, so that after the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the gearbox 3, the total clearance X1 can be maintained at the design value X.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the base 11 has a receiving cavity 113 extending through the axial direction F. The diameters of the two ends of the receiving cavity 113 are larger than the diameter of the middle portion, such that the connection between the two ends and the middle portion forms a first step surface and a second step surface, the first step surface being a third blocking surface 114 and the second step surface being a fourth blocking surface 115. The two ends are used to receive the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23, respectively.

[0059] Specifically, cavity diameter refers to the "diameter of the cavity" or "radial dimension", which is the radial dimension of the cavity 113 within the shaft 21.

[0060] The shaft 21 passes through the receiving cavity 113. A first tapered bearing 22 is housed at one end of the receiving cavity 113, and the radial position of the first tapered bearing 22 in the receiving cavity 113 is restricted by the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 113. A second tapered bearing 23 is housed at the other end of the receiving cavity 113, and the radial position of the second tapered bearing 23 in the receiving cavity 113 is restricted by the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 113.

[0061] The mounting structure of the base 11 is largely similar to that of the gearbox 3, which allows the base 11 to better simulate the gearbox 3, thereby making the measurement results more accurate and able to better reflect the actual situation after the transmission shaft assembly 2 is installed in the gearbox 3.

[0062] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the first component 111 of the base 11 in the measuring fixture 1. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft assembly 2 being installed on the first component 111.

[0063] In some embodiments, the cavity wall accommodating the cavity 113 is a surface of revolution. The base 11 includes a first part 111 and a second part 112, which are detachably connected. The first part 111 and the second part 112 are spliced ​​at a reference plane, which passes through the center line of revolution of the cavity wall.

[0064] Specifically, the process of installing the drive shaft assembly 2 onto the base 11 is as follows: the first tapered bearing 22 and the second tapered bearing 23 are respectively installed on the shaft body 21 to form the drive shaft assembly 2; the drive shaft assembly 2 is placed into the first split 111; the second split 112 is connected to the first split 111 to form the base 11 together.

[0065] The base 11 adopts a split structure, and the first split 111 and the second split 112 together form a cavity 113, which facilitates the installation of the already assembled drive shaft assembly 2 onto the base 11.

[0066] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The actuator 12 includes a first drive cylinder 121 and a second drive cylinder 122. The first drive cylinder 121 is telescopic in the axial direction F, and is used to extend in the axial direction F to drive the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F toward a second side (downward). The second drive cylinder 122 is telescopic in the axial direction F, and is used to extend in the axial direction F to drive the shaft 21 to move in the axial direction F toward a first side (upward).

[0067] Specifically, the first drive cylinder 121 can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and similarly, the second drive cylinder 122 can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first drive cylinder 121 and the second drive cylinder 122 are hydraulic cylinders. The aforementioned second predetermined value can be preset by a hydraulic system (not shown). The hydraulic system is connected to the first drive cylinder 121 and the second drive cylinder 122 respectively.

[0068] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the central axis L is parallel to the vertical. The first drive cylinder 121 extends axially F, and the drive shaft 21 moves downward until the preload applied to the second tapered bearing 23 reaches a second predetermined value. The second drive cylinder 122 extends axially F, and the drive shaft 21 moves upward until the preload applied to the first tapered bearing 22 reaches the second predetermined value.

[0069] When the first drive cylinder 121 generates driving force, the second drive cylinder 122 does not generate driving force. When the second drive cylinder 122 generates driving force, the first drive cylinder 121 does not generate driving force.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first drive cylinder 121 and the second drive cylinder 122 work together to allow the shaft 21 to selectively move to one side in the axial direction F. The first drive cylinder 121 and the second drive cylinder 122 have simple structures and are easy to manufacture. When the first drive cylinder 121 and the second drive cylinder 122 are both hydraulic cylinders, they can also generate a large driving force to match the second predetermined value. In other embodiments, the driver 12 can also be an electric actuator, a linear stepper motor, or a servo electric cylinder.

[0071] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the measuring fixture 1 further includes a fixed member 14 and a movable member 15. The fixed member 14 is disposed on one side of the base 11 in the axial direction F and is fixedly connected to the base 11. The movable member 15 is disposed on the side of the fixed member 14 away from the base 11 in the axial direction F, and is used to connect the shaft 21. A first drive cylinder 121 is disposed between the fixed member 14 and the shaft 21. When the first drive cylinder 121 extends in the axial direction F, it pushes against the shaft 21, thereby driving the shaft 21 to move towards a second side in the axial direction F. A second drive cylinder 122 is sandwiched between the movable member 15 and the fixed member 14. When the second drive cylinder 122 extends in the axial direction F, it pushes against the movable member 15, thereby driving the shaft 21 to move towards a first side in the axial direction F through the movable member 15.

[0072] Specifically, in Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the fixing member 14 is disposed above the base 11, and the movable member 15 is disposed above the fixing member 14. After the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, the shaft body 21 is located below the fixing member 14.

[0073] When the first drive cylinder 121 applies a driving force to the shaft 21, the fixing member 14 restricts the position of the first drive cylinder 121 in the axial direction F, ensuring that the driving force can be fully transmitted to the shaft 21. When the second drive cylinder 122 applies a driving force to the shaft 21 through the movable member 15, the fixing member 14 restricts the position of the second drive cylinder 122 in the axial direction F, ensuring that the driving force can be fully transmitted to the shaft 21.

[0074] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the measuring fixture 1 further includes a first rotating member 161 and a second rotating member 162. The first rotating member 161 is rotatably engaged with the shaft 21 about the central axis L of the shaft 21. A first drive cylinder 121 is located axially between the fixed member 14 and the first rotating member 161, and pushes against the shaft 21 via the first rotating member 161. The second rotating member 162 is rotatably engaged with the movable member 15 about the central axis L, and the second drive cylinder 122 is located axially between the second rotating member 162 and the fixed member 14, and pushes against the movable member 15 via the second rotating member 162.

[0075] Specifically, a first thrust bearing is provided between the first rotating member 161 and the shaft 21, so that the first rotating member 161 can rotate around the central axis L of the shaft 21 and engage with the shaft 21. Similarly, a second thrust bearing is provided between the second rotating member 162 and the movable member 15, so that the second rotating member 162 can rotate around the central axis L of the shaft 21 and engage with the movable member 15.

[0076] Since the first rotating member 161 can rotate around the central axis L of the shaft 21 and engage with the shaft 21, after the first drive cylinder 121 applies driving force to the shaft 21 and before the measuring instrument 13 measures the position of the shaft 21, the first rotating member 161 can be rotated back and forth a predetermined number of times (e.g., three times) to ensure that the measurement result of the measuring instrument 13 is more accurate.

[0077] Similarly, since the second rotating member 162 can rotate around the central axis L of the shaft 21 and engage with the movable member 15, after the second drive cylinder 122 applies driving force to the shaft 21 and before the measuring instrument 13 measures the position of the shaft 21, the second rotating member 162 can be rotated back and forth a predetermined number of times (e.g., three times) to ensure that the measurement result of the measuring instrument 13 is more accurate.

[0078] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the measuring fixture 1 further includes a first connecting rod 171, which extends in the axial direction F and passes sequentially through the movable member 15, the second rotating member 162, the second drive cylinder 122, the fixed member 14, the first drive cylinder 121, and the first rotating member 161. The first connecting rod 171 is connected to the movable member 15 and is used to connect the shaft 21.

[0079] Specifically, one end of the shaft 21 has a threaded hole, and the first connecting rod 171 is threadedly connected to the shaft 21 through the threaded hole. The measuring fixture 1 also includes a first nut 192, which is threadedly connected to the first connecting rod 171 and presses against the movable part 15 in the axial direction F, so that the movable part 15 can drive the shaft 21 to move through the first connecting rod 171.

[0080] Under the constraint of the first connecting rod 171, the positions of the movable part 15, the second rotating part 162, the second driving cylinder 122, the fixed part 14, the first driving cylinder 121, and the first rotating part 161 are relatively fixed and form a whole. During the movement of the drive shaft 21, the measuring fixture 1 can maintain structural stability.

[0081] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the measuring fixture 1 further includes a support member 172 and a second connecting rod 173. The support member 172 is clamped between the fixing member 14 and the base 11 in the axial direction F. The second connecting rod 173 extends in the axial direction F and passes through the fixing member 14, the support member 172, and the base 11 in sequence, connecting the fixing member 14 and the base 11 respectively.

[0082] Specifically, a second nut 193 is screwed onto the second connecting rod 173 and presses against the base 191 in the axial direction F, and another second nut 193 is screwed onto the second connecting rod 173 and presses against the fixing member 14 in the axial direction F, thereby fixing the fixing member 14 to the base 11.

[0083] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, there are multiple gauges 13, which are used to detect the total amount of movement of the shaft 21 at different positions in its circumference.

[0084] Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, there are two measuring instruments 13, and the measuring positions of the two measuring instruments 13 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis L.

[0085] By setting multiple gauges 13 and averaging the total activity detected by the multiple gauges 13, the measurement accuracy can be further improved by using the average value to calculate the total clearance.

[0086] In some embodiments, gauge 13 is a dial indicator. In other embodiments, gauge 13 may also be a laser interferometer or a displacement sensor.

[0087] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the measuring fixture 1 further includes a first locking member 181 and / or a second locking member 182. The first locking member 181 is detachably connected to the base 11 and is used to press the first outer ring 221 of the first tapered bearing 22 against the third blocking surface 114 in the axial direction F. The second locking member 182 is detachably connected to the base 11 and is used to press the second outer ring 231 of the second tapered bearing 23 against the fourth blocking surface 115 in the axial direction F.

[0088] Here, "and / or" specifically means: the measuring fixture 1 includes a first locking member 181; or, the measuring fixture 1 includes a second locking member 182; or, the measuring fixture 1 includes both the first locking member 181 and the second locking member 182.

[0089] By locking the first outer ring 221 to the base 11 with the first locking member 181, the installation stability of the first outer ring 221 during the measurement process can be maintained, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Similarly, by locking the second outer ring 231 to the base 11 with the second locking member 182, the installation stability of the second outer ring 231 during the measurement process can be maintained, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.

[0090] The above embodiments can be combined with each other without exclusion. In one application scenario, the measuring fixture 1 adopts... Figure 2 The structure shown.

[0091] Please see Figure 2 The measuring fixture 1 includes a base 191, a base 11, a driver 12, two measuring tools 13, a fixing member 14, a moving member 15, a first connecting rod 171, a support member 172, a second connecting rod 173, a first locking member 181, and a second locking member 182.

[0092] The assembly process of measuring fixture 1, as shown in Figure 2, is as follows.

[0093] Please see Figure 6 The assembled drive shaft assembly 2 is installed inside the first component 111.

[0094] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second component 112 being installed on the first component 111.

[0095] The second part 112 is fastened to the first part 111, and the two are connected. Specifically, it can be positioned by a pin and connected by bolts.

[0096] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the first locking member 181 and the second locking member 182 installed on the base 11.

[0097] The first locking member 181 is detachably connected to the base 11 to press the first outer ring 221 of the first tapered bearing 22 against the third blocking surface 114 in the axial direction F. The second locking member 182 is detachably connected to the base 11 to press the second outer ring 231 of the second tapered bearing 23 against the fourth blocking surface 115 in the axial direction F.

[0098] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the base 11 being installed on the base 191.

[0099] The base 11 is supported on the base 191, and the drive shaft assembly 2 installed in the base 11 is in a vertical position, that is, the central axis L is parallel to the vertical.

[0100] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fastener 14 being installed on the base 11.

[0101] A fixing member 14 is installed above the base 11. Specifically, a support member 172 is clamped between the fixing member 14 and the base 11 in the axial direction F. A second connecting rod 173 extends in the axial direction F and passes through the fixing member 14, the support member 172 and the base 11 in sequence, connecting the fixing member 14 and the base 11 respectively.

[0102] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the driver 12, movable part 15, first rotating part 161 and second rotating part 162 mounted on the base 11.

[0103] The actuator 12 includes a first drive cylinder 121 and a second drive cylinder 122.

[0104] The first rotating member 161 is supported on the top of the shaft 21, the first drive cylinder 121 is supported on the first rotating member 161, the second drive cylinder 122 is supported on the fixed member 14, and the second rotating member 162 is supported on the top of the second drive cylinder 122; the movable member 15 is supported on the second rotating member 162, and the first connecting rod 171 is passed through the movable member 15, the second rotating member 162, the second drive cylinder 122, the fixed member 14, the first drive cylinder 121, and the first rotating member 161 in sequence, and then threadedly connected to the shaft 21; the first nut 192 is screwed onto the first connecting rod 171.

[0105] Please see Figure 2 Two measuring instruments 13 are respectively placed on the base 11, with their measuring positions symmetrical about the central axis L. The measuring instrument 13 is a dial indicator, with its measuring rod pressing against the second inner ring 232. Since the second inner ring 232 is fixed relative to the shaft 21, measuring the displacement of the second inner ring 232 in the axial direction F is equivalent to measuring the displacement of the shaft 21 in the axial direction F. After the measuring instruments 13 are placed on the base 11, their values ​​are zeroed.

[0106] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 .use Figure 2 The process of measuring the total clearance using the measuring fixture 1 in the illustrated embodiment is as follows.

[0107] The first drive cylinder 121 is activated until the preload on the second tapered bearing 23 reaches the second predetermined value. The first rotating component 161 is rotated back and forth for a total of 3 revolutions. Then, the data A1 and data A2 of the two measuring instruments 13 are recorded.

[0108] Release the force of the first drive cylinder 121, and rotate the first rotating component 161 back and forth for a total of 3 revolutions. Record the data A3 and A4 of the two measuring instruments 13.

[0109] The second drive cylinder 122 is activated until the preload on the first tapered bearing 22 reaches the second predetermined value. The second rotating component 162 is rotated back and forth for a total of 3 revolutions. Data B1 and data B2 of the two measuring instruments 13 are recorded.

[0110] Release the force of the second drive cylinder 122, and rotate the second rotating component 162 back and forth for a total of 3 revolutions. Record the data B3 and data B4 of the two measuring instruments 13.

[0111] Satisfy: L1 = (|A1-A3| + |A2-A4|) / 2;

[0112] L2 = (|B1-B3| + |B2-B4|) / 2;

[0113] L = L1 + L2;

[0114] X1 = L - (Hh);

[0115] Wherein, L1 is the clearance value of the second tapered bearing 23 when the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, L2 is the clearance value of the first tapered bearing 22 when the drive shaft assembly 2 is installed on the base 11, L is the total amount of movement, X1 is the total clearance, H is the first distance between the first blocking surface 31 and the second blocking surface 32 in the axial direction F, and h is the second distance between the third blocking surface 114 and the fourth blocking surface 115 in the axial direction F.

[0116] The terms "upper" and "lower" are used to describe the relative positions of the various structures in the accompanying drawings. They are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this application. Any changes or adjustments to the relative positions without substantially altering the technical content shall also be considered within the scope of implementation of this application.

[0117] It should be noted that, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0118] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A measuring fixture for assisting in measuring the total axial clearance of a first tapered bearing and a second tapered bearing in a drive shaft assembly after it is installed in a gearbox, the gearbox having a first blocking surface that limits the first tapered bearing in the axial direction, and a second blocking surface that limits the second tapered bearing in the axial direction, the first blocking surface and the second blocking surface having a first distance in the axial direction, characterized in that... The measuring fixture includes: A base having a third blocking surface and a fourth blocking surface disposed opposite to each other in the axial direction, the third blocking surface being used to limit the first tapered bearing in the axial direction, the fourth blocking surface being used to limit the second tapered bearing in the axial direction, the third blocking surface and the fourth blocking surface having a second distance in the axial direction, the second distance being smaller than the first distance by the first predetermined value, and the first predetermined value being greater than the absolute value of the total clearance, so that the shaft of the drive shaft assembly can move relative to the base in the axial direction; A driver, disposed on the base, is used to drive the shaft to move axially toward a first side until the preload applied to the first tapered bearing reaches a second predetermined value, and to drive the shaft to move axially toward a second side until the preload applied to the second tapered bearing reaches the second predetermined value. A measuring instrument, disposed on the base, is used to detect the total amount of movement of the shaft relative to the base in the axial direction; Wherein, the total clearance is the difference between the total activity and the first predetermined value.

2. The measuring fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base has a cavity extending through the axial direction. The diameters of the two ends of the cavity are larger than the diameter of the middle portion, so that the connection between the two ends and the middle portion forms a first step surface and a second step surface, respectively. The first step surface is the third blocking surface, and the second step surface is the fourth blocking surface. The two ends are used to accommodate the first tapered bearing and the second tapered bearing, respectively.

3. The measuring fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity wall that accommodates the cavity is a surface of revolution; The base includes a first part and a second part, which are detachably connected. The first part and the second part are spliced ​​at a reference plane, which passes through the rotation center line of the cavity wall.

4. The gauge of claim 1 wherein, The driver includes: A first drive cylinder is capable of extending and retracting in the axial direction. The first drive cylinder is used to extend in the axial direction to drive the shaft to move in the axial direction toward the second side. A second drive cylinder is capable of extending and retracting in the axial direction. The second drive cylinder is used to extend in the axial direction to drive the shaft to move in the axial direction toward the first side.

5. The measurement fixture of claim 4, wherein, Also includes: A fastener is disposed on one side of the base in the axial direction and is fixedly connected to the base; A movable component is disposed on the side of the fixed component that is axially opposite to the base, and the movable component is used to connect the shaft body; The first drive cylinder is disposed between the fixed member and the shaft. When the first drive cylinder extends in the axial direction, it pushes against the shaft, thereby driving the shaft to move in the axial direction toward the second side. The second drive cylinder is sandwiched between the movable member and the fixed member. When the second drive cylinder extends in the axial direction, it pushes against the movable member, thereby driving the shaft to move in the axial direction toward the first side through the movable member.

6. The gauge of claim 5 wherein, Also includes: A first rotating component is used to rotate around the central axis of the shaft and engage with the shaft. The first drive cylinder is located between the fixed component and the first rotating component in the axial direction and pushes against the shaft through the first rotating component. The second rotating component is rotatably engaged with the movable component around the central axis. The second driving cylinder is located axially between the second rotating component and the fixed component, and pushes the movable component through the second rotating component.

7. The measurement fixture of claim 6, wherein, Also includes: A first connecting rod extends axially and passes sequentially through the movable member, the second rotating member, the second driving cylinder, the fixed member, the first driving cylinder, and the first rotating member. The first connecting rod is connected to the movable member and is used to connect the shaft.

8. The gauge of claim 5 wherein, Also includes: A support member, which is axially clamped between the fixing member and the base; The second connecting rod extends axially and passes sequentially through the fixing member, the support member, and the base, respectively connecting the fixing member and the base.

9. The measuring fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of measuring instruments is multiple, and each of the multiple measuring instruments is used to detect the total amount of movement of the shaft at different positions in its circumference.

10. The measuring fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first locking member, detachably connected to the base, is used to press the first outer ring of the first tapered bearing against the third blocking surface in the axial direction; and / or The second locking member, which is detachably connected to the base, is used to press the second outer ring of the second tapered bearing against the fourth blocking surface in the axial direction.

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