Sample bearing mechanism for rock mass permeability test
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522547930.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-01
AI Technical Summary
然而，对于破碎岩体的渗流过程，采用理论和数值模拟的研究手段具有显著局限性，实验室试验是该领域研究的主要研究手段之一，对于传统渗流试验的样本承载机构，其结构较为简单，功能单一，仅具有样品的承载及提供加压约束的功能，而且不便于收集渗流实验过程中的固定颗粒物和水，从而无法定量地获得真实的渗流试验数据，为此 ，亟需提供一种用于破碎岩体渗流试验的样本承载机构
[0011]本实用新型中，使缸筒支撑座的上端中心开设有漏斗状的空心容纳腔，并于空心容纳腔的底部开设倾斜的导流管道，可以便于集中收集渗流试验过程中流出的细小固体颗粒物和水，并可以经导流管道快速外排。在空心容纳腔的上端盖设格栅盖板，一方面可以作为渗流缸筒的支撑体，另一方面可以为流出的细小固体颗粒物和水提供收集通道。通过下渗流板的设置，可以便于在试验过程中，渗流缸筒中的水及细小颗粒可以从下渗流板顺利流出。通过上渗流板的设置，可以便于利用渗流压头通过上渗流板向有破碎岩体试样施加压力，有利于实现均匀的加压过程。在出料管路出口端的下方设置集液杯，并于集液杯上开口端设置过滤网，这样，可以通过过滤网实现所收集的水和固体细小颗粒的筛分，再通过后续的称量工序，便能定量地获取的精准的试验数据。
Smart Images
Figure CN224744764U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of seepage technology, specifically a sample support mechanism for seepage tests in fractured rock masses. Background Technology
[0002] Compared to intact, dense rock masses, fractured rock masses are characterized by heterogeneity, diversity, and randomness in structure and surface shape. This results in water seepage processes within fractured rock masses being highly concealed, exhibiting poor spatial distribution regularity, and being difficult to predict. Currently, major disasters caused by seepage frequently occur in tunnel and mining engineering. Studying the seepage process can effectively reduce or avoid the occurrence of water inrush, mud inrush, and sand inrush disasters. However, theoretical and numerical simulation methods have significant limitations in studying the seepage process of fractured rock masses. Laboratory experiments are one of the main research methods in this field. Traditional sample support mechanisms for seepage tests are relatively simple in structure and have a single function, only providing sample support and pressure constraint. Moreover, they are not convenient for collecting fixed particles and water during the seepage experiment, thus failing to obtain quantitative and accurate seepage test data. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a sample support mechanism for seepage tests in fractured rock masses. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a sample carrying mechanism for seepage tests in fractured rock masses. This device has a reasonable structure, diverse functions, and strong versatility. It can be used to test seepage in fractured rock masses of different scales as well as water and sand seepage in fractured rock masses. It can quantitatively obtain seepage test parameters, which is beneficial for promoting the relationship between indoor tests and actual disasters in the field, and can efficiently assist in the formulation of disaster prevention and control measures.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a sample carrying mechanism for seepage tests on fractured rock masses, including a cylinder support base, a grid cover plate, a seepage cylinder, a lower seepage plate, a fractured rock mass sample, an upper seepage plate, a discharge pipe, a collection cup, and a filter screen. The cylinder support is horizontally arranged, and a funnel-shaped hollow receiving cavity is opened in the central area of its upper part. The large-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity extends to the upper end face of the cylinder support. A guide pipe is opened inside the hollow receiving cavity below it. The guide pipe is inclined with the inside higher than the outside. Its inlet end is connected to the small-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity, and its outlet end extends to the outer wall of the cylinder support and is connected to the discharge port. The grating cover is made of high-strength steel beams and is installed on the upper end of the cylinder support seat; The seepage cylinder is vertically installed at the upper end of the grid cover plate; The outer diameter of the lower seepage plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder and is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder. The fractured rock mass sample is filled inside the seepage cylinder and located above the lower seepage plate; The outer diameter of the upper seepage plate is matched with the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder and is set in the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder, while located at the top of the fractured rock sample. The inlet end of the discharge pipe is connected to the discharge interface, and its outlet end extends to the outside of the cylinder support. The liquid collection cup is located below the outlet end of the discharge pipe; The filter screen is installed at the upper opening end of the liquid collection cup.
[0005] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the seepage test process of fractured rock mass under the condition of dyed aeolian sand, a gate is also included; the outer contour of the seepage cylinder is rectangular, and a groove is provided on the upper right side; the gate is inserted into the seepage cylinder through the groove to realize the vertical isolation of the seepage cylinder space.
[0006] Furthermore, in order to directly measure the volume of water that seeps out during the test, the collection cup is a measuring cup.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the upper and lower seepage plates have the same structure, both being made of grating plates.
[0008] Furthermore, in order to visually observe the internal conditions of the percolation cylinder at different test stages, the rear wall panel of the percolation cylinder is made of high-strength tempered glass.
[0009] Furthermore, to facilitate observation at different experimental stages, dyed aeolian sand is also included; the dyed aeolian sand is filled inside the seepage cylinder.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the discharge pipe extends horizontally along its length, or extends obliquely downward from the inlet end to the outlet end.
[0011] In this invention, a funnel-shaped hollow cavity is formed at the center of the upper end of the cylinder support, and an inclined guide pipe is formed at the bottom of the hollow cavity. This facilitates the collection of fine solid particles and water flowing out during the seepage test, and allows for rapid discharge through the guide pipe. A grid cover is installed on the upper end of the hollow cavity, serving both as a support for the seepage cylinder and as a collection channel for the flowing fine solid particles and water. The lower seepage plate allows water and fine particles in the seepage cylinder to flow out smoothly during the test. The upper seepage plate allows pressure to be applied to the fractured rock sample using a seepage head, promoting a uniform pressurization process. A collection cup is installed below the outlet of the discharge pipe, and a filter screen is installed at the open end of the collection cup. This allows for the sieving of collected water and fine solid particles through the filter screen, and subsequent weighing allows for the quantitative and accurate acquisition of test data.
[0012] This device boasts a rational structure, diverse functions, and strong versatility. It can be used to test seepage in fractured rock masses of different scales, as well as water-sediment seepage in fractured rock masses. It can quantitatively obtain seepage test parameters, which is beneficial for understanding the relationship between laboratory tests and actual field disasters, and can effectively assist in the formulation of disaster prevention and control measures. This device can be used to measure various test parameters, including permeability, particle loss patterns in fractured rock masses, sand particle seepage patterns in water-sediment seepage, sand storage in fractured rock masses, and particle size variation patterns in fractured rock masses under laterally confined uniaxial compression. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the seepage cylinder, upper seepage plate, lower seepage plate and gate in this utility model.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Seepage cylinder, 2. Cylinder support, 3. Guide pipe, 4. Collection cup, 5. Filter screen, 6. Upper seepage plate, 7. Lower seepage plate, 8. Crushed rock sample, 9. Slide, 10. Gate, 11. Grating cover, 12. Discharge pipe, 13. Discharge interface, 14. Hollow receiving cavity, 15. Dyed aeolian sand. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0016] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a sample carrying mechanism for seepage tests in fractured rock mass, including a cylinder support 2, a grid cover plate 11, a seepage cylinder 1, a lower seepage plate 7, a fractured rock mass sample 8, an upper seepage plate 6, a discharge pipe 12, a collection cup 4, and a filter screen 5. The cylinder support 2 is horizontally arranged, and a funnel-shaped hollow receiving cavity 14 is opened in the central area of its upper part. The large-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity 14 extends to the upper end face of the cylinder support 2. A guide pipe 3 is opened below the hollow receiving cavity 14 inside. The guide pipe 3 is inclined with the inside higher than the outside. Its inlet end is connected to the small-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity 14, and its outlet end extends to the outer side wall of the cylinder support 2 and is connected to the discharge port 13. The grating cover plate 11 is made of high-strength steel beam and is installed on the upper end of the cylinder support 2; The seepage cylinder 1 is vertically installed at the upper end of the grid cover plate 11; The outer diameter of the lower seepage plate 7 is adapted to the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder 1, and is set at the bottom of the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder 1; The fractured rock sample 8 is filled inside the seepage cylinder 1 and is located above the lower seepage plate 7; The outer diameter of the upper seepage plate 6 is adapted to the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder 1, and is set in the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder 1, while being located above the fractured rock sample 8. The inlet end of the discharge pipe 12 is connected to the discharge interface 13, and its outlet end extends to the outside of the cylinder support 2. The liquid collection cup 4 is located below the outlet end of the discharge pipe 12; The filter screen 5 is installed at the upper opening end of the liquid collection cup 4.
[0017] To facilitate seepage tests on fractured rock masses with the participation of dyed aeolian sand, a gate 10 is also included. The outer contour of the seepage cylinder 1 is rectangular, with a groove 9 on its upper right side. The gate 10 is inserted into the seepage cylinder 1 through the groove, achieving vertical isolation of the space within the seepage cylinder 1. Thus, when the gate is fully inserted into the groove, a sand storage space is isolated in the upper part of the gate. Before the test begins, the gate can be directly removed, allowing the dyed aeolian sand to fall directly onto the upper end of the fractured rock mass sample. Then, pressure loading and pressurized water supply can be performed, enabling seepage tests on fractured rock masses with the participation of dyed aeolian sand. When seepage tests on fractured rock masses with the participation of dyed aeolian sand are not required, the gate assembly is unnecessary.
[0018] In order to directly measure the volume of water that seeps out during the test, the collection cup 4 is a measuring cup.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the upper seepage plate 6 and the lower seepage plate 7 have the same structure and are both made of grating plates.
[0020] To allow for a direct observation of the internal conditions of the percolation cylinder at different test stages, the rear wall panel of the percolation cylinder 1 is made of high-strength tempered glass.
[0021] To facilitate observation at different experimental stages, dyed aeolian sand 15 is also included; the dyed aeolian sand 15 is filled inside the seepage cylinder 1.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the discharge pipe 12 extends horizontally along its length, or extends obliquely downward from the inlet end to the outlet end.
[0023] In this invention, a funnel-shaped hollow cavity is formed at the center of the upper end of the cylinder support, and an inclined guide pipe is formed at the bottom of the hollow cavity. This facilitates the collection of fine solid particles and water flowing out during the seepage test, and allows for rapid discharge through the guide pipe. A grid cover is installed on the upper end of the hollow cavity, serving both as a support for the seepage cylinder and as a collection channel for the flowing fine solid particles and water. The lower seepage plate allows water and fine particles in the seepage cylinder to flow out smoothly during the test. The upper seepage plate allows pressure to be applied to the fractured rock sample using a seepage head, promoting a uniform pressurization process. A collection cup is installed below the outlet of the discharge pipe, and a filter screen is installed at the open end of the collection cup. This allows for the sieving of collected water and fine solid particles through the filter screen, and subsequent weighing allows for the quantitative and accurate acquisition of test data.
[0024] This device boasts a rational structure, diverse functions, and strong versatility. It can be used to test seepage in fractured rock masses of different scales, as well as water-sediment seepage in fractured rock masses. It can quantitatively obtain seepage test parameters, which is beneficial for understanding the relationship between laboratory tests and actual field disasters, and can effectively assist in the formulation of disaster prevention and control measures. This device can be used to measure various test parameters, including permeability, particle loss patterns in fractured rock masses, sand particle seepage patterns in water-sediment seepage, sand storage in fractured rock masses, and particle size variation patterns in fractured rock masses under laterally confined uniaxial compression.
Claims
1. A sample carrying mechanism for seepage tests in fractured rock mass, comprising a cylinder support (2), characterized in that, It also includes a grid cover plate (11), a seepage cylinder (1), a lower seepage plate (7), a broken rock mass sample (8), an upper seepage plate (6), a discharge pipe (12), a collection cup (4), and a filter screen (5); The cylinder support (2) is horizontally arranged, and a funnel-shaped hollow receiving cavity (14) is opened in the central area of its upper part. The large-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity (14) extends to the upper end face of the cylinder support (2). A guide pipe (3) is opened below the hollow receiving cavity (14) inside. The guide pipe (3) is inclined with the inside higher than the outside. Its inlet end is connected to the small-diameter end of the hollow receiving cavity (14), and its outlet end extends to the outer wall of the cylinder support (2) and is connected to the discharge port (13). The grating cover (11) is made of high-strength steel beam and is placed on the upper end of the cylinder support seat (2); The seepage cylinder (1) is vertically installed at the upper end of the grid cover plate (11); The outer diameter of the lower seepage plate (7) is matched with the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder (1) and is set at the bottom of the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder (1); The fractured rock sample (8) is filled inside the seepage cylinder (1) and located above the lower seepage plate (7); The outer diameter of the upper seepage plate (6) is matched with the inner diameter of the seepage cylinder (1) and is set in the inner cavity of the seepage cylinder (1), while located above the fractured rock sample (8). The inlet end of the discharge pipe (12) is connected to the discharge interface (13), and its outlet end extends to the outside of the cylinder support seat (2); The liquid collection cup (4) is located below the outlet end of the discharge pipe (12); The filter screen (5) is installed at the upper opening end of the liquid collection cup (4).
2. The sample support mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gate (10); the outer contour of the seepage cylinder (1) is rectangular, and a groove (9) is provided on the upper right side; the gate (10) is inserted into the seepage cylinder (1) through the groove (9) to achieve vertical isolation of the seepage cylinder (1) space.
3. The sample support mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection cup (4) is a measuring cup.
4. The sample support mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper seepage plate (6) and the lower seepage plate (7) have the same structure and are both made of grating plates.
5. A sample bearing mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rear wall panel of the seepage cylinder (1) is made of high-strength tempered glass.
6. A sample support mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes dyed aeolian sand (15); the dyed aeolian sand (15) is filled inside the seepage cylinder (1).
7. A sample support mechanism for seepage testing in fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge pipe (12) extends horizontally in the length direction, or extends obliquely downward from the inlet end to the outlet end.