A switch operating mechanism

Abstract

A switch operating mechanism, belonging to the field of low-voltage electrical technology, includes a drive unit, a turntable, and a locking element. The locking element includes a pair of locking rods pivotally mounted on both sides of the turntable and an elastic element that maintains the locking rods in contact with the turntable. The turntable has a first side and a second side on its circumferential surface, and a step is formed at the junction of the first and second side surfaces. When the drive unit is in a first position, it pushes the locking rods to disengage them from the turntable in the first rotational position. As the drive unit moves to a second position, it drives the turntable to rotate to the second rotational position and releases the locking rods. Under the action of the elastic element, the locking rods maintain contact with the circumferential surface of the turntable until the locking rods abut against the step, at which point the turntable stops in the second rotational position. Advantages: Improved reliability and simplified design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of low-voltage electrical appliance technology, specifically relating to a switch operating mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Switches are widely used in power supply systems, controlling the connection and disconnection of circuits through the rotation of internal moving contacts. A typical example is the Automatic Transfer Switch (ATSE), which excels in emergency power supply scenarios. When the primary power supply fails (e.g., power outage, abnormal voltage), it automatically and quickly switches the load circuit from the primary power supply to the backup power supply, effectively preventing the faulty power supply from continuing to supply power to critical loads and reliably ensuring the operation of the other normal power supply, ultimately achieving uninterrupted operation of the power supply system and guaranteeing power continuity. ATSEs are typically used in critical locations with extremely high power supply reliability requirements, such as hospitals, airports, docks, and banks.

[0003] Currently, to improve switching speed and shorten power interruption time, automatic transfer switches on the market generally adopt electromagnetic excitation drive. This drive method can provide a fast power response to meet the needs of rapid switching. However, this drive method also introduces a new technical challenge, especially in three-position transfer switches that require a dual-position switch. Specifically, when a dual-power transfer switch needs to be switched from the closed position of one power source to the "dual-position" intermediate position where both power sources are disconnected, the electromagnetic drive mechanism still has a large amount of residual energy after operation (such as the residual magnetic energy of the electromagnet, the inertia of moving parts, etc.). Existing operating mechanisms lack effective energy absorption or precise positioning mechanisms, resulting in the moving contact assembly and its linkage mechanism being unable to be reliably braked and accurately stopped at the predetermined dual-position, thus causing the switching operation to fail, failing to achieve true circuit isolation, and posing a safety hazard to equipment and personnel.

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing technology, it is necessary to reasonably improve the operating mechanism structure of the existing dual-power automatic transfer switch. To this end, the applicant has made a beneficial design, and the technical solution described below arises from this background. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a switch operating mechanism that can improve reliability while simplifying the structure.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: a switch operating mechanism includes a driving device, a turntable, and a locking element. The driving device moves linearly between a first position and a second position, and drives the turntable to rotate between a first rotational position corresponding to the switch being closed and a second rotational position corresponding to the switch being open. The locking element includes a pair of locking rods pivotally mounted on both sides of the turntable and an elastic element that keeps the locking rods in contact with the turntable. The turntable has a first side surface and a second side surface on its circumferential surface, and a step is formed at the junction of the first side surface and the second side surface. When the driving device is in the first position, it pushes the locking rods to keep them disengaged from the turntable in the first rotational position. During the movement of the driving device to the second position, it drives the turntable to rotate to the second rotational position and releases the locking rods. Under the action of the elastic element, the locking rods keep in contact with the first side surface and the second side surface of the turntable until the locking rods abut against the step, at which point the turntable stops at the second rotational position.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, a bracket is also included. The driving device includes an electromagnet fixed on the bracket. The electromagnet has a moving iron core and a stationary iron core. A pair of actuating shafts are connected to the moving iron core. When the driving device is in the first position where the moving iron core and the stationary iron core are released, the pair of actuating shafts push the locking rod. During the process of the moving iron core and the stationary iron core being attracted together, and when the driving device is in the second position where the moving iron core and the stationary iron core are attracted together, the pair of actuating shafts release the locking rod.

[0008] In another specific embodiment of this utility model, the driving device further includes a connecting rod and a pair of pull rods respectively disposed on both sides of the turntable. The connecting rod is slidably disposed on the bracket and fixed to the moving iron core of the electromagnet. One end of the pair of pull rods is respectively hinged to the connecting rod through a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft constituting the action shaft. The other end of the pair of pull rods is respectively formed with a driving end face that cooperates with the turntable.

[0009] In another specific embodiment of this utility model, the locking rod includes an unlocking end that cooperates with the actuating shaft and a limiting end that cooperates with the turntable, wherein the unlocking end and the limiting end are located on both sides of the pivot center of the locking rod.

[0010] In another specific embodiment of this utility model, the elastic element is a torsion spring, a compression spring, or a tension spring.

[0011] In another specific embodiment of this utility model, the bracket includes an upper bracket plate and a lower bracket plate arranged in a stacked and spaced manner in the switch height direction. The turntable includes a drive plate and a limiting plate located above the upper bracket plate, and a transmission plate located between the upper bracket and the lower bracket plate. The drive plate, the limiting plate, and the transmission plate are arranged coaxially in sequence in the switch height direction. The drive plate is the rotation output of the switch operating mechanism. The first side, the second side, and the step are formed on the circumferential side of the limiting plate. The driving end face of the pull rod acts on the transmission plate, causing the drive plate, the limiting plate, and the transmission plate to rotate synchronously.

[0012] In a further specific embodiment of this utility model, the end face of the limiting end of the locking rod is configured as a limiting surface, one side of the unlocking end is configured as a guide section, the unlocking end is also provided with a spring abutment hole, and a pivot hole is also provided between the limiting end and the unlocking end.

[0013] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned structure, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: it can effectively solve the problem caused by the residual energy of electromagnetic drive, ensure the turntable stops accurately, fundamentally solve the problem of subsequent action failure caused by inaccurate stopping, improve the reliability of the entire system, and extend the product service life; no additional unlocking device is required, realizing the simplification and optimization of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1a This is a top view of the operating mechanism described in this utility model; Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of the locking rod described in this utility model; Figure 1c This is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive plate is removed when the switch of this utility model is in the first power-on state; Figure 1d for Figure 1c Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 2a This is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive panel has been removed during the process of the switch of the present invention changing from the first power-on position to the double-off position; Figure 2b for Figure 2a View from above after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 3a This is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive disc is removed when the switch of this utility model reaches the double-open position and the electromagnet is not yet de-energized; Figure 3b for Figure 3a Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 4aThis is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive disc is removed when the switch of this utility model reaches the double-open position and the electromagnet is de-energized; Figure 4b for Figure 4a Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 5a A top view of the operating mechanism without the drive disc during the process of the switch of the present invention switching from the double open position to the second power closed position; Figure 5b for Figure 5a Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 6a This is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive disc is removed when the switch is in the second power-on position and the electromagnet is not yet de-energized. Figure 6b for Figure 6a Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket; Figure 7a This is a top view of the operating mechanism after the drive disc is removed when the switch of this utility model reaches the double-open position and the electromagnet is de-energized; Figure 7b for Figure 7a Top view after removing the drive plate, limit plate, and upper bracket.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Drive device, 11. Electromagnet, 111. Moving iron core, 12. Connecting rod, 13. Pull rod, 131. Drive end face, 14. Actuating shaft; 2. Turntable, 21. Drive disc, 22. Limiting disc, 221. First side, 222. Second side, 223. Step, 23. Transmission disc; 3. Locking element, 31. Locking rod, 311. Unlocking end, 3111. Guide end, 3112. Spring hook hole, 312. Limiting end, 3121. Limiting surface, 313. Pivoting hole, 32. Elastic element; 4. Bracket, 41. Upper bracket, 42. Lower bracket, 421. Limiting shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the description of the embodiments is not a limitation on the technical solution. Any formal but not substantive changes made based on the concept of this utility model should be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0017] In the following description, all directional (or orientational) concepts involving up, down, left, right, front, and back refer to the position of the figure being described, and are intended to facilitate public understanding. Therefore, they should not be construed as a special limitation on the technical solution provided by this utility model.

[0018] This utility model relates to a switch operating mechanism. The switch described herein can be a circuit breaker, a disconnector, a dual-power automatic transfer switch, etc. The switch includes an operating mechanism and an actuating mechanism. When the switch is a dual-power automatic transfer switch, the actuating mechanism can be a pair of circuit breakers, respectively located on the left and right sides of the operating mechanism. When the left circuit breaker is closed and the right circuit breaker is open, it is the first power-closed position of the dual-power automatic transfer switch; when both circuit breakers are open, it is the double-open position of the dual-power automatic transfer switch; when the left circuit breaker is open and the right circuit breaker is closed, it is the second power-closed position of the dual-power automatic transfer switch. Of course, the actuating mechanism is not limited to the above form. It can also be a single-pole double-throw structure with a moving contact in the middle and a stationary contact on each side. When the moving contact contacts and closes with one of the stationary contacts, the first power is closed; when the moving contact rotates to the middle position of the pair of stationary contacts, it is the double-open position; when the moving contact closes with the other stationary contact, the second power is closed. This utility model takes a dual-power automatic transfer switch including a pair of circuit breakers as the actuating mechanism as an example.

[0019] The switch operating mechanism includes a drive unit 1, a turntable 2, and a locking element 3. The turntable 2 has... Figures 1a to 1d The position shown corresponds to the left-side circuit breaker being closed, while the dual-power automatic transfer switch is in the first rotation position with the first power supply closed. Figures 4a-4b The second rotation position shown corresponds to the circuit breakers on both sides being open and the dual-power automatic transfer switch being in the double-open position, which is the middle position of the turntable 2 in this embodiment. It also has... Figure 7a , Figure 7b The diagram shows the third rotational position of the automatic transfer switch for the second power supply when the right-side circuit breaker is closed. The drive device 1 moves linearly between the first and second positions, and drives the rotary table 2 to rotate between the first rotational position (closed) and the second rotational position (open). In this embodiment of the automatic transfer switch for the second power supply, the rotary table 2 can be a moving contact support or a rotational output of the operating mechanism.

[0020] See Figures 1a to 1dThe locking element 3 includes a pair of locking rods 31 pivotally mounted on both sides of the turntable 2 and an elastic element 32 that maintains the locking rods 31 in contact with the turntable 2. The turntable 2 has a first side surface 221 and a second side surface 222 on its circumferential surface, and a step 223 is formed at the junction of the first side surface 221 and the second side surface 222. When the driving device 1 is in the first position, it pushes the locking rods 31 to keep them disengaged from the turntable 2 in the first rotation position. As the driving device 1 moves from the first rotation position to the second position, it drives the turntable 2 to rotate to the second rotation position and releases the pressure on the locking rods 31. Under the action of the elastic element 32, the locking rods 31 maintain contact with the side surface of the turntable 2. As the turntable 2 rotates, the turntable 2 stops at the second rotation position when the locking rods 31 abut against the step 23. In this embodiment, the elastic element 32 is a torsion spring, with the center of the torsion spring sleeved on the bracket 4. One end of the torsion spring is hung on one of the pair of locking rods 31, and the other end is hung on the other of the pair of locking rods 31. Of course, the elastic element 32 can also be a compression spring or a tension spring.

[0021] Furthermore, this utility model also includes a bracket 4, which includes an upper bracket plate 41 and a lower bracket plate 42 stacked and spaced apart in the switch height direction. The turntable 2 includes a drive plate 21 and a limiting plate 22 located above the upper bracket plate 41, and a transmission plate 23 located between the upper bracket 41 and the lower bracket plate 42. The drive plate 21, the limiting plate 22, and the transmission plate 23 are all approximately circular and arranged coaxially in sequence in the switch height direction. The drive plate 21 provides the rotation output of the switch operation mechanism. The first side 21, the second side 22, and the step 23 are formed on the circumferential side of the limiting plate 22. The pair of locking rods 31 are located on both sides of the limiting plate 22. The driving end face 131 of the pull rod 13 acts on the transmission plate 23, causing the drive plate 21, the limiting plate 22, and the transmission plate 23 to rotate synchronously.

[0022] The driving device 1 includes an electromagnet 11, which is fixed on the bracket 4 and has a moving iron core 111, a stationary iron core, a coil, and a spring. When the coil is energized, the moving iron core 111 and the stationary iron core attract each other, moving from... Figures 1a to 1d The position shown is converted to Figure 3a , Figure 3b As shown, the moving iron core 111 moves downward to engage; when the coil is de-energized, the moving iron core 111 moves upward to release, as shown in the image. Figure 3a , Figure 3b The position shown is switched to Figure 4a , Figure 4bThe position is shown. A pair of actuating shafts 14 are connected to the moving iron core 111. When the driving device 1 is in the first position where the moving iron core 111 and the stationary iron core are released, the pair of actuating shafts 14 push the locking rod 31. During the process of the moving iron core 111 and the stationary iron core being attracted together, and when the driving device 1 is in the second position where the moving iron core 111 and the stationary iron core are attracted together, the pair of actuating shafts 14 release the locking rod 31.

[0023] The locking rod 31 includes an unlocking end 311 that cooperates with the actuating shaft 14 and a limiting end 312 that cooperates with the turntable 2. The unlocking end 311 and the limiting end 312 are located on both sides of the pivot center of the locking rod 31. The end face of the limiting end 312 of the locking rod 31 is configured as a limiting surface 3121. One side of the unlocking end 311 is configured as a guide section 3111. The unlocking end 311 is also provided with a spring abutment hole 3112 for attaching the two ends of the torsion spring. A pivot hole 313 is also provided between the limiting end 312 and the unlocking end 311. The pivoting of the locking rod 31 is realized through the cooperation of the pivot hole 313 with a pair of pivots extending on the bracket 41.

[0024] The drive device 1 further includes a connecting rod 12 and a pair of pull rods 13. The connecting rod 12 is slidably disposed between the upper and lower supports 41 and 42 via a pair of sliding grooves on the upper and lower supports 41 and 42, and is fixedly connected to the moving iron core 111. The pair of pull rods 13 are slidably disposed between the upper and lower supports 41 and 42 via another pair of sliding grooves on the upper and lower supports 41 and 42, and are arranged in a mirror image on both sides of the transmission disk 23. One end of each pair of pull rods 13 is hinged to the connecting rod 12 via a hinge shaft, and the other end is provided with a drive end face 131 that cooperates with the transmission disk 23. One end of the hinge shaft extends upward out of the upper support 41 to form the action shaft 14, which cooperates with the unlocking end 311 of the locking rod 31.

[0025] Combination Figures 1a-4b The operation process of the switch from the closed position to the double open position is as follows: See Figure 1c , Figure 1d When the switch is in the first power-on position, the drive device 1 has not yet been activated. Under the action of the reset spring (not shown in the figure) inside the drive device 1, the connecting rod 12, which is fixed to the moving iron core 111, is in the upper position. The action shaft 14 on the pair of pull rods 13 abuts against the guide end 3111 on the pair of locking rods 31, so that the pair of locking rods 31 overcome the action of the elastic element 32 and disengage from the limit plate 22. See Figure 2a , Figure 2bWhen the switch needs to be opened, the drive device 1 is energized and attracted. The moving iron core 111 moves downward under the action of electromagnetic attraction, driving a pair of pull rods 13 downward together via the connecting rod 12. When the driving end face 131 of the right pull rod 13 contacts a drive shaft on the transmission disk 23, it drives the transmission disk 23 to rotate clockwise. The drive disk 21 and the limiting disk 22 rotate synchronously with the transmission disk 23. After the moving iron core 111 has moved a certain distance with the connecting rod 12, the actuating shaft 14 disengages from the unlocking end 311 of the pair of locking rods 31. The limiting end 312 of the pair of locking rods 31 abuts against the first side 221 and the second side 222 of the limiting disk 22 under the action of spring force. The moving iron core 111 continues to move downward, and the transmission disk 23 continues to rotate clockwise under the drive of the pull rod 13. The drive disk 21 and the limiting disk 22 continue to rotate synchronously.

[0026] See Figure 3a , Figure 3b When the switch is activated to the double-open position, the drive device 1 has completed the engagement action but has not yet been de-energized. The connecting rod 12 moves downward under the drive of the moving iron core 111 and is limited by the limiting shaft 421 on the lower bracket 42. The limiting disk 22 rotates to the position shown in the figure. Under the action of the elastic element 32, the limiting surface 3121 on the limiting end 312 of the locking rod 31 abuts against the step 223 on the limiting disk 22, thereby locking the limiting disk 22 in the double-open position.

[0027] See Figure 4a , Figure 4b When the switch is held in the double open position, after the drive device 1 is de-energized, the moving iron core 111 is released under the action of the return spring, which drives the connecting rod 12 to move upward. After a certain stroke, a pair of action shafts 14 on the connecting rod 12 respectively contact the guide end 3111 on the unlocking end 311 of the locking rod 31, and push the locking rod 31 to overcome the force of the elastic element 32 and disengage from the limit plate 22, thereby releasing the unlocking of the limit plate 22, the transmission plate 23, and the drive plate 21.

[0028] See Figure 5a , Figure 5bWhen the switch changes from the open position to the closed position, the drive device 1 is energized again and attracted. The moving iron core 111 moves downward under the action of electromagnetic attraction, driving a pair of pull rods 13 downward together via the connecting rod 12. When the driving end face 131 of the right pull rod 13 contacts another drive shaft on the transmission disk 23, it drives the transmission disk 23 to rotate further clockwise. The drive disk 21, the limiting disk 22, and the transmission disk 23 rotate synchronously. After the moving iron core 111 drives the connecting rod 12 to move a certain distance, the actuating shaft 14 begins to disengage from the unlocking end 311 of the pair of locking rods 31. The limiting end 312 of the pair of locking rods 31 abuts against the first side 221 and the second side 222 of the limiting disk 22 under the action of spring force. The moving iron core 111 in the drive device 1 continues to move downward, and the transmission disk 23 continues to rotate clockwise under the drive of the pull rod 13. The drive disk 21 and the limiting disk 22 rotate synchronously. Figure 6a , Figure 6b The moving iron core 111 engages with the stationary iron core, and the switch reaches the second power supply closing position. Next, as... Figure 7a , Figure 7b When the switch is held in the second power-on position, after the drive device 1 is de-energized, the moving iron core 111 is released under the action of the reset spring, which drives the connecting rod 12 to move upward. After a certain stroke, a pair of actuating shafts 14 on the connecting rod 12 contact the guide ends 3111 on the unlocking ends 311 of a pair of locking rods 31, and push the locking rods 31 to overcome the force of the elastic element 32 and disengage from the limit plate 22, thereby releasing the unlocking of the limit plate 22, transmission plate 23, and drive plate 21.

[0029] In summary, when this technical solution is applied to the drive device 1 with an electromagnet, it solves the problem that the turntable 2 cannot be reliably stopped due to the large residual energy of the electromagnetic drive. Especially in the application of dual-power automatic transfer switches, the addition of the locking element 3 ensures that the turntable 2 can be reliably stopped at the dual-position. Furthermore, the high accuracy of the turntable 2's stopping position facilitates reliable coordination between the drive device 1 and the turntable 2 in the next stage, improving operational reliability and preventing jamming or ineffective drive due to inaccurate turntable 2 positioning, thus preventing switch failure. Moreover, this operating mechanism does not require an additional unlocking device; the unlocking action between the locking element 3 and the turntable 2 can be completed through the self-resetting action of the drive device 1, simplifying the design.

Claims

1. A switching operating mechanism comprising a drive device (1), a rotary disc (2) and a locking member (3), the drive device (1) being linearly movable between a first position and a second position and driving the rotary disc (2) to rotate between a first rotary position corresponding to the closing of a switch and a second rotary position corresponding to the opening of a switch, characterized in that: The locking element (3) includes a pair of locking rods (31) pivotally mounted on both sides of the turntable (2) and an elastic element (32) that keeps the locking rods (31) in contact with the turntable (2). The turntable (2) has a first side surface (221) and a second side surface (222) on its circumferential surface, and a step (223) is formed at the junction of the first side surface (221) and the second side surface (222). When the driving device (1) is in the first position, it pushes the locking rods (31) to keep them disengaged from the turntable (2) in the first rotation position. During the movement of the driving device (1) to the second position, it drives the turntable (2) to rotate to the second rotation position and releases the locking rods (31). Under the action of the elastic element (32), the locking rods (31) keep in contact with the first side surface (221) and the second side surface (222) of the turntable (2) until the locking rods (31) abut against the step (223) and the turntable (2) stops in the second rotation position.

2. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bracket (4), and the driving device (1) includes an electromagnet (11) fixed on the bracket (4). The electromagnet (11) has a moving iron core (111) and a stationary iron core. A pair of actuating shafts (14) are connected to the moving iron core (111). When the driving device (1) is in the first position where the moving iron core (111) and the stationary iron core are released, the pair of actuating shafts (14) push the locking rod (31). During the process of the moving iron core (111) and the stationary iron core being attracted together, and when the driving device (1) is in the second position where the moving iron core (111) and the stationary iron core are attracted together, the pair of actuating shafts (14) release the locking rod (31).

3. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The drive device (1) further includes a connecting rod (12) and a pair of pull rods (13) respectively disposed on both sides of the turntable (2). The connecting rod (12) is slidably disposed on the bracket (4) and fixed to the moving iron core (111) of the electromagnet (11). One end of the pair of pull rods (13) is respectively hinged to the connecting rod (12) through a hinge shaft. The hinge shaft constitutes the action shaft (14). The other end of the pair of pull rods (13) is respectively formed with a drive end face (131) that cooperates with the turntable (2).

4. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The locking rod (31) includes an unlocking end (311) that cooperates with the actuating shaft (14) and a limiting end (312) that cooperates with the turntable (2). The unlocking end (311) and the limiting end (312) are located on both sides of the pivot center of the locking rod (31).

5. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The elastic element (32) is a torsion spring, compression spring, or tension spring.

6. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The bracket (4) includes an upper bracket plate (41) and a lower bracket plate (42) stacked and spaced apart in the switch height direction. The turntable (2) includes a drive plate (21) and a limiting plate (22) located above the upper bracket plate (41) and a transmission plate (23) located between the upper bracket plate (41) and the lower bracket plate (42). The drive plate (21), the limiting plate (22) and the transmission plate (23) are arranged coaxially in sequence in the switch height direction. The drive plate (21) is the rotation output of the switch operating mechanism. The first side (221), the second side (222) and the step (223) are formed on the circumferential side of the limiting plate (22). The drive end face (131) of the pull rod (13) acts on the transmission plate (23) to make the drive plate (21), the limiting plate (22) and the transmission plate (23) rotate synchronously.

7. A switch operating mechanism according to claim 4 wherein: The end face of the limiting end (312) of the locking rod (31) is configured as a limiting surface (3121), and a guide section (3111) is configured on one side of the unlocking end (311). A spring abutment hole (3112) is also provided on the unlocking end (311), and a pivot hole (313) is also provided between the limiting end (312) and the unlocking end (311).

Images