Under-forest edible mushroom cultivation soil covering device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522243603.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-23
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本实用新型是为了解决现有的食用菌覆土机构在工作时，存在由于自身结构原因导致的覆土效果差的技术问题，进而提出了一种林下食用菌栽培覆土装置，它包括车架、覆土组件和灌溉组件，覆土组件安装在车架顶面前部，灌溉组件安装在车架顶面后部；
[0018] By designing a vertically adjustable gate and combining it with a disturbance mechanism within the soil tank, the soil covering thickness can be easily adjusted within the range of 2-3 cm to accommodate different fungal species. It is suitable for operation on uneven ground under forest canopies and requires only a simple power source. Furthermore, the irrigation components allow for the simultaneous completion of both soil covering and watering processes.
Smart Images
Figure CN224746983U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation, belonging to the field of understory edible fungi cultivation technology. Background Technology
[0002] Forest understory soil cultivation involves creating raised beds or digging pits in the forest, burying mushroom spawn in the beds or pits, and then covering them with a layer of soil. Suitable mushrooms for this method include oyster mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, elm mushrooms, and long-rooted mushrooms. Technically, the spawn in contiguous planting areas should be arranged neatly with some gaps. The soil covering thickness is generally 2-3 cm, but can be adjusted according to different mushroom species; for example, the soil covering thickness for maitake mushrooms should not exceed 2 cm. After covering with soil, water thoroughly once, and then cover the soil with a layer of straw or leaves to facilitate aeration of the mycelium, prevent soil compaction, and retain moisture. To facilitate temperature and humidity regulation, a plastic film can be used to cover the soil or an arched shed can be built, and drainage ditches should be dug around the beds.
[0003] Existing edible mushroom covering mechanisms suffer from poor soil distribution due to their structural limitations. The soil flows unevenly from the soil box, resulting in poor soil thickness adjustment. Subsequent manual repairs are often required, leading to poor covering effect. Furthermore, manual watering is still necessary after covering, resulting in low planting efficiency.
[0004] In summary, existing edible mushroom casing mechanisms suffer from poor casing effects due to their structural limitations. Utility Model Content
[0005] This utility model aims to solve the technical problem of poor soil covering effect caused by the structural reasons of existing edible fungus covering mechanisms during operation, and proposes a soil covering device for forest edible fungus cultivation. It includes a frame, a soil covering component and an irrigation component. The soil covering component is installed on the front of the top surface of the frame, and the irrigation component is installed on the rear of the top surface of the frame.
[0006] The soil covering assembly includes a soil box, a gate, a limiting mechanism, and a disturbance mechanism. The longitudinal cross-section of the soil box is a right trapezoid, and the cross-section of the bottom surface of the soil box is the sloping side of the right trapezoid. A support column is provided at the bottom of the sloping side. The soil box is installed on the front of the top of the vehicle frame through the support column. The gate is installed vertically on the front of the soil box. A cover plate is installed on the top of the soil box, and a limiting mechanism is installed on the top surface of the cover plate to achieve vertical limiting of the gate.
[0007] The disturbance mechanism is installed inside the soil box near the gate. The disturbance mechanism includes a rotating shaft and disturbance teeth. The cross-sectional shape of the disturbance teeth is L-shaped, and multiple disturbance teeth are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft.
[0008] As another improvement of this utility model, the irrigation component includes a water tank, a water pipe and a sprinkler head. The sprinkler head is installed on the rear side of the water tank through the water pipe. A water inlet is provided on the top of the water tank and a valve is provided on the water pipe. The width of the sprinkler head matches the width of the vehicle frame.
[0009] As another improvement of this utility model, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt, a limiting nut and a limiting hole. The limiting nut is fixedly installed at the front end of the top surface of the cover plate. Multiple limiting holes are evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction on the gate. The limiting bolt passes through the limiting hole and is detachably connected to the limiting nut.
[0010] As another improvement of this utility model, a handle is installed on the outer surface of the gate.
[0011] As another improvement of this utility model, a flow stabilizing plate is installed on the lower front side of the soil box, and an extension plate is provided on the front side of the flow stabilizing plate.
[0012] As another improvement of this utility model, a fixed bracket is installed on the lower side of the flow stabilizer plate, and the apex of the fixed bracket is fixed on the top surface of the flow stabilizer plate, the extension plate and the vehicle frame respectively.
[0013] As another improvement of this utility model, the disturbance mechanism also includes a motor, which is located on one side of the soil box and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
[0014] As another improvement of this utility model, wheels are provided at the bottom of the frame.
[0015] As another improvement of this utility model, a connector is provided at the front end of the frame.
[0016] As another improvement of this utility model, a soil retaining plate is provided inside the soil box.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0018] By designing a vertically adjustable gate and combining it with a disturbance mechanism within the soil tank, the soil covering thickness can be easily adjusted within the range of 2-3 cm to accommodate different fungal species. It is suitable for operation on uneven ground under forest canopies and requires only a simple power source. Furthermore, the irrigation components allow for the simultaneous completion of both soil covering and watering processes. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soil covering device for cultivating edible fungi under forest cover according to this utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a soil covering device for cultivating edible fungi under forest cover according to this utility model.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the soil covering component. Detailed Implementation
[0022] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment describes a soil covering device for cultivating edible fungi under forest cover. It includes a frame 1, a soil covering component, and an irrigation component. The soil covering component is installed on the front of the top surface of the frame 1, and the irrigation component is installed on the rear of the top surface of the frame 1.
[0023] The soil covering assembly includes a soil box 2, a gate 3, a limiting mechanism, and a disturbance mechanism. The longitudinal cross-section of the soil box 2 is a right trapezoid, and the cross-section of the bottom surface of the soil box 2 is the inclined waist of the right trapezoid. A support column 4 is provided at the bottom of the inclined waist. The soil box 2 is installed on the front of the top of the frame 1 through the support column 4. The gate 3 is installed vertically on the front of the soil box 2. A cover plate is installed on the top of the soil box 2, and a limiting mechanism is installed on the top surface of the cover plate to achieve vertical limiting of the gate 3.
[0024] The disturbance mechanism is installed inside the soil box 2 on the side near the gate 3. The disturbance mechanism includes a rotating shaft 5 and disturbance teeth 6. The cross-sectional shape of the disturbance teeth 6 is L-shaped, and multiple disturbance teeth 6 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 5.
[0025] The limiting mechanism can adjust the gate height. By designing a gate with vertical limiting and cooperating with the disturbance mechanism inside the soil box, the soil covering thickness can be easily adjusted within the range of 2-3 cm to accommodate different fungal species. Preferably, the rotating shaft drives the disturbance teeth to rotate counterclockwise, and the soil flows out from below the front of the disturbance teeth. A soil vacuum is formed directly below the disturbance mechanism. On the one hand, when the amount of soil in the soil box is large and tends to block the outlet, the disturbance mechanism can promote the flow of soil in the soil box. The counterclockwise rotation of the L-shaped disturbance teeth is equivalent to slowly lowering the soil to the outlet, which helps to stabilize the soil flow speed in the soil box.
[0026] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment 1 in that the irrigation component includes a water tank 7, a water pipe 8, and a sprinkler head 9. The sprinkler head 9 is installed on the rear side of the water tank 7 via the water pipe 8. A water inlet is located on the top of the water tank 7, and a valve is installed on the water pipe 8. The width of the sprinkler head 9 matches the width of the frame 1. This irrigation component design facilitates the completion of both soil covering and watering processes in one operation, improving planting efficiency. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.
[0027] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 3This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt 10, a limiting nut 11, and limiting holes. The limiting nut 11 is fixedly installed on the front end of the top surface of the cover plate. Multiple limiting holes are evenly arranged longitudinally on the gate 3. The limiting bolt 10 passes through the limiting holes and is detachably connected to the limiting nut 11. This design is simple, reliable, and easy to use. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiment one or two.
[0028] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a handle 12 is installed on the outer surface of the gate 3. This design facilitates manual operation. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one to three.
[0029] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a flow stabilizing plate 14 is installed on the lower front side of the soil tank 2, and an extension plate 15 is provided on the front side of the flow stabilizing plate 14. This facilitates the flow of soil in the soil tank out in a predetermined direction, improving the covering effect. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one to four.
[0030] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a fixed bracket is installed on the lower side of the flow stabilizer 14, and the apex of the fixed bracket is fixed to the top surface of the flow stabilizer 14, the extension plate 15, and the frame 1, respectively. This design improves the reliability of the flow stabilizer 14 and the extension plate 15. Other components and connection methods are the same as in any one of specific embodiments one through five.
[0031] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the disturbance mechanism also includes a motor 16, which is located on one side of the soil box 2 and drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. It is suitable for operation on uneven ground under forest canopy, and the power source is simple. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through six.
[0032] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that wheels are provided at the bottom of the frame 1. The wheels are designed with appropriate dimensions to meet the needs of understory planting. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through seven.
[0033] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 3This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a connector is provided at the front end of the frame 1. This design facilitates use with agricultural machinery such as tractors for pulling. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through eight.
[0034] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a retaining plate is installed inside the soil tank 2. The retaining plate is positioned on both sides of the gate, with a design that eliminates dead angles to prevent soil from accumulating and hardening on both sides of the gate. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through nine.
[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 3 Explanation of the working principle of this utility model:
[0036] The vehicle frame connects to an external tractor via a connector. Soil is loaded into the soil tank, and water is added to the water tank. Depending on the type of mushroom being cultivated, such as Grifola frondosa, the gate at the soil outlet is adjusted to the appropriate thickness, such as 2cm. The vehicle frame is then pulled at a constant speed, allowing it to move steadily over the mushroom bed, while simultaneously turning on the watering switch. Once the device has passed, the soil covering and watering are complete. Combining these two crucial steps into one significantly improves work efficiency and saves manpower and time. The adjustable soil outlet ensures precise soil thickness, avoiding the unevenness often encountered with manual soil covering.
[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation, characterized in that... It includes a frame (1), a soil covering assembly and an irrigation assembly, the soil covering assembly being installed on the front of the top surface of the frame (1) and the irrigation assembly being installed on the rear of the top surface of the frame (1); The soil covering assembly includes a soil box (2), a gate (3), a limiting mechanism, and a disturbance mechanism; the longitudinal section of the soil box (2) is a right trapezoid, the cross-sectional shape of the bottom surface of the soil box (2) is the sloping waist of the right trapezoid, and a support column (4) is provided at the bottom of the sloping waist. The soil box (2) is installed on the front of the top of the frame (1) through the support column (4), the gate (3) is installed vertically on the front of the soil box (2), and a cover plate is installed on the top of the soil box (2). A limiting mechanism is installed on the top surface of the cover plate, and the vertical limiting of the gate (3) is achieved through the limiting mechanism. The disturbance mechanism is installed inside the soil box (2) on the side near the gate (3). The disturbance mechanism includes a rotating shaft (5) and disturbance teeth (6). The cross-sectional shape of the disturbance teeth (6) is L-shaped, and multiple disturbance teeth (6) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (5).
2. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation assembly includes a water tank (7), a water pipe (8), and a sprinkler head (9). The sprinkler head (9) is installed on the rear side of the water tank (7) via the water pipe (8). A water inlet is provided on the top of the water tank (7), and a valve is provided on the water pipe (8). The width of the sprinkler head (9) matches the width of the frame (1).
3. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism includes a limiting bolt (10), a limiting nut (11), and a limiting hole. The limiting nut (11) is fixedly installed at the front end of the top surface of the cover plate. Multiple limiting holes are evenly arranged along the longitudinal direction on the gate (3). The limiting bolt (10) passes through the limiting hole and is detachably connected to the limiting nut (11).
4. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that, A handle (12) is installed on the outer surface of the gate (3).
5. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow stabilizer plate (14) is installed on the lower front side of the soil box (2), and an extension plate (15) is provided on the front side of the flow stabilizer plate (14).
6. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that, A fixed bracket is installed on the lower side of the flow stabilizer (14), and the top of the fixed bracket is fixed on the top surface of the flow stabilizer (14), the extension plate (15) and the frame (1).
7. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disturbance mechanism also includes a motor (16), which is located on one side of the soil box (2) and is used to drive the rotating shaft (5) to rotate.
8. The soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame (1) is equipped with wheels.
9. A soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the frame (1) is provided with a connector.
10. A soil covering device for understory edible fungi cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A retaining plate is installed inside the soil box (2).