Plant blanket and planting system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of plant blanket and planting system.The plant blanket is multilayer structure, the multilayer structure at least includes the surface layer and bottom layer of laminated arrangement, the surface layer is connected with the bottom layer, the surface layer is stereoscopic form and is formed with the stereoscopic cavity for plant root system growth between the bottom layer, the surface layer can be opened with multiple plant planting mouth.Compared with the flat gap formed between two layers of plane form, stereoscopic form is formed between the surface layer and the bottom layer Stereoscopic cavity, plant can be easily inserted into stereoscopic cavity by the planting mouth of surface layer, and the root growth position of plant is easily adjusted.Planting mouth can be opened at any position of surface layer according to planting demand and design style, and the number of planting mouth is not limited.The plant blanket of the embodiment replaces the manufacturing mode of artificial sewing multiple cultivation bags to plant blanket, improves the manufacturing efficiency of plant blanket, and reduces cost, simultaneously improves the planting efficiency of plant and the diversification of planting style.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of planting technology, and in particular to a plant mat and planting system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agriculture, the emergence of plant mats allows for planting without soil, making them more suitable for landscaping projects. Currently, a novel planting method combining modular planting with a mat-like carrier is used, with multiple cultivation bags placed on the mat for cuttings. This is commonly seen in rooftop greening, vertical greening, and slope ecological restoration. While these cultivation bags are typically sewn manually onto the plant mat, achieving basic modular planting, the production efficiency is extremely low, labor costs are high, and structural stability is poor, prone to "sewing failure." Furthermore, the fixed volume of the cultivation bags limits the arrangement of multiple bags, making it impossible to create diverse planting effects on the plant mat. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a plant mat that replaces the method of manually sewing multiple cultivation bags into a plant mat, greatly improving the production efficiency of plant mats, reducing costs, and simultaneously improving plant planting efficiency and diversifying planting styles.

[0004] This utility model further proposes a planting system.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the plant mat has a multi-layer structure, the multi-layer structure includes at least a top layer and a bottom layer stacked together, the top layer is connected to the bottom layer, the top layer has a three-dimensional shape and forms a three-dimensional cavity between it and the bottom layer for plant root growth, and the top layer may have multiple plant planting openings.

[0006] Therefore, by designing the surface layer in a three-dimensional shape, compared to the flat gap formed between two planar layers, a three-dimensional cavity is created between the surface and the bottom layers. This allows plants to be easily inserted into the cavity through the planting openings on the surface layer, and the root growth position of the plants can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, planting openings can be created at any location on the surface layer according to planting needs and design styles, and there is no limit to the number of planting openings, satisfying personalized planting requirements. The plant mat in this embodiment replaces the method of manually sewing multiple cultivation bags into a plant mat, greatly improving the production efficiency of the plant mat, reducing costs, and simultaneously increasing planting efficiency and diversifying planting styles.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-section of the surface layer has a plurality of protruding units and a plurality of recessed units, the protruding units and the recessed units are alternately arranged along a first direction of the surface layer, and extend or alternately arranged along a second direction of the surface layer to form the three-dimensional shape of the surface layer; wherein, the first direction is the extending direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the surface layer within the cross-section, and the angle α between the second direction and the first direction is α > 0; the protruding unit includes at least one protrusion.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protrusion extends along the second direction of the surface to form a strip-shaped protrusion, and the width of the strip-shaped protrusion changes periodically along the second direction; wherein, the periodic alternation includes a continuous and smoothly transitioning tapering segment and a widening segment, the width of the tapering segment gradually decreases along the second direction, and the width of the widening segment gradually increases along the length direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protruding units and the recessed units are continuously and alternately arranged from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer; or, the protruding units and the recessed units are alternately arranged along the first direction of the surface layer to form a group, and multiple groups are spaced apart from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer, and the surface portion between adjacent groups is flat.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer has a pleated three-dimensional structure.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pleated three-dimensional structure includes one of the following three-dimensional structures: wavy pleats, sawtooth pleats, trapezoidal pleats, fan-shaped pleats, and accordion pleats.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer is a three-dimensional mesh structure, the three-dimensional mesh structure includes a plurality of mesh units distributed along the extension direction and thickness direction of the surface layer, and the plurality of mesh units include a first type of mesh unit and a second type of mesh unit with different heights, the first type of mesh unit and the second type of mesh unit are arranged in an alternating pattern of high and low in the three-dimensional mesh structure.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the multilayer structure further includes at least one functional layer, wherein the at least one functional layer is stacked in the three-dimensional cavity and connected to the surface layer and the bottom layer; wherein, the at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer, and the surface layer, the growth matrix layer and the bottom layer are stacked and connected in sequence; or the at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer and a nonwoven fabric layer, and the surface layer, the nonwoven fabric layer, the growth matrix layer and the bottom layer are stacked and connected in sequence.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the growth substrate layer is one of the following: hydrophilic polyurethane sponge layer, rock wool layer, organic sheet layer, melamine resin sponge layer, adhesive substrate layer, soil and / or granular layer fixed with non-woven fabric; and / or the surface layer / bottom layer is a soft and flexible polymer material layer or a polymer coating material layer.

[0015] A planting system according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: a carrier having a bearing surface; and a plant mat disposed on the bearing surface.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer structure of the plant blanket according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure label: 100. Plant mat; 1. Surface layer; 11. Raised unit; 12. Recessed unit; 2. Bottom layer; 3. Growth substrate layer; 4. Non-woven fabric layer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0020] The following is for reference. Figure 1 This invention describes a plant mat 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The plant mat 100 provides support for plants through its mat structure, ensuring stable plant growth and enabling plants to become a core force in soil and water conservation. Before the plants mature, the mat's own support structure covers the ground surface, slowing down rainwater erosion and preventing soil loss, thus buying time for plant growth. As the plants grow, their roots spread laterally and penetrate deeply within the mat structure, even penetrating the structure and reaching deep into the underground soil, effectively locking in the soil and enhancing soil and water conservation.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the plant mat 100 has a multi-layer structure, which includes at least a top layer 1 and a bottom layer 2 stacked together, with the top layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 connected. The top layer 1 has a three-dimensional shape, and a three-dimensional cavity for plant root growth is formed between the top layer 1 and the bottom layer 2. The top layer 1 can have multiple plant planting openings.

[0022] Specifically, surface layer 1 has a three-dimensional form, meaning that surface layer 1 itself is not a flat, planar material, but rather a three-dimensional spatial shape formed through structural design or technological processing, and this three-dimensional spatial shape can support its own spatial structure. After surface layer 1 and bottom layer 2 are connected, a non-flat, spatially-oriented three-dimensional cavity is formed between the two layers, which is different from the flat gap formed between two planar forms. Among them, bottom layer 2 can be planar or have a basic form.

[0023] By creating a planting opening in the surface layer 1, plants can be inserted into the three-dimensional cavity between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2. Because the surface layer 1 is three-dimensional, it will deform during the insertion of the plant, while the bottom layer 2 deforms less than the surface layer 1. Compared to the flat gap formed between two planar layers, the three-dimensional cavity formed between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 allows plants to be easily inserted through the planting opening and the root growth position of the plant can be easily adjusted.

[0024] Furthermore, the plant mat 100, which is composed of a three-dimensional surface layer 1 and a bottom layer 2, allows planting openings to be made at any location on the surface layer 1 according to planting needs and styles, with no limit on the number of planting openings. This design replaces the manual sewing of multiple cultivation bags into the plant mat 100, greatly improving the production efficiency of the plant mat 100 and reducing costs.

[0025] Furthermore, the three-dimensional cavity formed between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 is filled with a growth substrate. After the plant is inserted, its roots can spread laterally and penetrate deeply vertically within the three-dimensional cavity, rather than being squeezed by the flat gaps, which greatly improves the survival rate and lodging resistance of the plant. At the same time, the three-dimensional cavity can also retain air and moisture, providing a good growth space for microbial activities.

[0026] It should be noted that the plant mat 100 is not manufactured with planting openings. When planting plants using the plant mat 100, planting openings are made in the surface layer 1 to insert the plants into the three-dimensional cavity beneath the surface layer 1. Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the multi-layer structure consists only of the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2, a three-dimensional cavity is formed between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2. If other layers, such as functional layers, are provided between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2, a three-dimensional cavity is formed between the surface layer 1 and the functional layer below it.

[0027] Therefore, by designing the surface layer 1 as a three-dimensional shape, compared to the flat gap formed between two planar layers, the three-dimensional surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 form a three-dimensional cavity. Plants can be easily inserted into the three-dimensional cavity through the planting opening of the surface layer 1, and the root growth position of the plants can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, planting openings can be made at any position on the surface layer 1 according to planting needs and design styles, and there is no limit to the number of planting openings, satisfying personalized planting requirements. The plant mat 100 in this embodiment replaces the method of manually sewing multiple cultivation bags into the plant mat 100, greatly improving the production efficiency of the plant mat 100, reducing costs, and simultaneously improving plant planting efficiency and diversifying planting styles.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-section of the surface layer 1 has a plurality of protruding units 11 and a plurality of recessed units 12. The protruding units 11 and the recessed units 12 are arranged alternately along the first direction of the surface layer 1 and extend or alternately along the second direction of the surface layer 1 so that the surface layer 1 forms a three-dimensional shape.

[0029] The first direction is an extension direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the surface layer 1 within the cross-section, and the second direction forms an angle α with the first direction, where α > 0. The protrusion unit 11 includes at least one protrusion.

[0030] It is understandable that the three-dimensional form of surface layer 1 is determined by the structural arrangement in the first and second directions. Firstly, along the first direction (the direction perpendicular to the thickness of surface layer 1 within its cross-section), the raised units 11 and recessed units 12 are arranged alternately. This can be understood as constructing the basic structure in a planar dimension, for example, forming a continuous sequence of "convex → concave → convex → concave" along the first direction, laying the foundation for the subsequent three-dimensional form. Secondly, along the second direction (an angle α > 0 with the first direction, i.e., another direction that does not coincide), there are two ways to transform the structure from "planar" to "three-dimensional." The first method: extension. The raised units 11 and recessed units 12 are stretched as a whole along the second direction. For example, if the first direction is a horizontal alternation of "convex → concave," after stretching along the second direction, it becomes "strip-shaped convex → strip-shaped concave," forming a long strip-shaped three-dimensional structure. The second method: alternating arrangement. The raised units 11 and recessed units 12 also alternate in a "convex → concave" pattern along the second direction, ultimately forming a grid-like three-dimensional structure similar to "square convex parts + square concave parts."

[0031] Wherein, the angle α between the second direction and the first direction is greater than 0. Specifically, for example, the angle α between the two directions is 90°, meaning the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. For example, the first direction is the X-axis direction of the plant mat 100, and the second direction is the Y-axis direction of the plant mat 100. Alternatively, the angle α between the two directions satisfies "0 < α < 90°" or "90° < α < 180°", meaning the first and second directions neither coincide nor are perpendicular, but rather intersect at an angle. For example, the first direction is the X-axis direction of the plant mat 100, and the angle α between the second direction and the X-axis direction is 60°.

[0032] Furthermore, the protruding unit 11 includes at least one protrusion. It can be understood that the protruding unit 11 may include one protrusion, or two protrusions, or three protrusions, etc. It should be noted that regardless of whether the protruding unit 11 includes one, two, or three protrusions, it is still alternately arranged with the recessed unit 12 in the first direction, only the shape of the individual protruding unit 11 varies depending on the number of protrusions.

[0033] Thus, the plant mat 100, with its three-dimensional structure formed by the arrangement of raised units 11 and recessed units 12, possesses excellent extensibility on its surface layer 1. When a plant is inserted into the three-dimensional cavity through the planting opening of the surface layer 1, the surface layer 1 deforms locally to accommodate the inserted plant. Simultaneously, a three-dimensional cavity is formed between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2. Compared to the flat gap formed between two planar layers, this allows for easy insertion of plants and convenient adjustment of the plant's root position.

[0034] In one embodiment of this utility model, the first direction is set as the X-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 (one raised part) and the recessed unit 12 (one recessed part) are arranged alternately along the first direction (raised → recessed → raised → recessed). The second direction is set as the Y-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 and the recessed unit 12 are also arranged alternately along the second direction, ultimately forming a grid-like three-dimensional structure (similar to a checkerboard).

[0035] In another embodiment of this utility model, the first direction is set as the X-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 (a raised part) and the recessed unit 12 (a recess) are arranged alternately along the first direction (raised → recessed → raised → recessed). The second direction is set as the Y-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 and the recessed unit 12 extend along the second direction, ultimately forming a long strip-shaped three-dimensional structure that is "horizontally and vertically perpendicular".

[0036] In another embodiment of this utility model, the first direction is set as the X-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 (a raised part) and the recessed unit 12 (a recess) are arranged alternately along the first direction (raised → recessed → raised → recessed). The second direction is set at 60° with the X-axis direction α, and the raised unit 11 and the recessed unit 12 extend along the 60° direction, ultimately forming an "inclined" elongated three-dimensional structure.

[0037] In another embodiment of this utility model, the first direction is set as the X-axis direction of the plant blanket 100, and the raised unit 11 (a raised part) and the recessed unit 12 (a recess) are arranged alternately along the first direction (raised → recessed → raised → recessed). The second direction is set at 60° with the X-axis direction α, and the raised unit 11 and the recessed unit 12 are also arranged alternately along the 60° direction, ultimately forming an "inclined" rhomboid three-dimensional structure.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protrusion extends along the second direction of the surface layer 1 to form a strip-shaped protrusion, and the width of the strip-shaped protrusion changes periodically and alternately along the second direction. The periodic alternation includes a continuous and smoothly transitioning tapering segment and a widening segment, where the width of the tapering segment gradually decreases along the second direction, and the width of the widening segment gradually increases along the length direction.

[0039] Specifically, based on the alternating arrangement of raised units 11 and recessed units 12 along the first direction of surface layer 1, the raised units 11 extend along the second direction of surface layer 1 to form strip-shaped protrusions. As the strip-shaped protrusions extend along the second direction, their width exhibits a periodic, smooth change of "shrinking → expanding → shrinking → expanding," rather than being a straight strip with a fixed width. Here, the width refers to the maximum dimension between the two sides of the strip-shaped protrusion along the first direction within the cross-section of surface layer 1. For example, the strip-shaped protrusion may change from "5cm wide → shrinking to 3cm → expanding to 5cm → shrinking back to 3cm." Each cycle of "shrinking + expanding" constitutes one period. The width change within each period consists of a "gradually shrinking segment" and a "gradually expanding segment," with no sharp edges or breaks between the two segments, forming a continuous and smooth shape. The outline of the strip-shaped protrusion extending along the second direction resembles two symmetrically extended wavy lines. The aforementioned strip-shaped protrusion refers to a single protrusion extending along the second direction.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the raised units 11 and the recessed units 12 are continuously and alternately arranged from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer 1. Alternatively, the raised units 11 and the recessed units 12 are alternately arranged along the first direction of the surface layer 1 to form a group, and multiple groups are spaced apart from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer 1, with the portion of the surface layer 1 between adjacent groups being flat.

[0041] It can be understood that the first arrangement pattern involves the continuous alternation of raised units 11 and recessed units 12 along the first direction from one side to the other without any gaps or gaps. That is, from the beginning (e.g., the left side) to the end (e.g., the right side) of the surface layer 1, the rhythm of "convex → concave → convex → concave" is always maintained, without any flat areas or intervals, and the entire coverage area in the first direction is composed of raised units 11 and recessed units 12. The second arrangement pattern involves first arranging the raised units 11 and recessed units 12 alternately along the first direction to form "a complete set of alternating units" (e.g., "convex 1 → concave 1 → convex 2 → concave 2" is a set); then placing multiple sets of such units at intervals along the first direction from one side to the other, with the surface layer 1 between sets being flat. In other words, the overall arrangement follows the pattern of "[convex-concave group 1] → [flat segment 1] → [convex-concave group 2] → [flat segment 2] → … → [convex-concave group n]". The concave-concave structure exists only within the "group", and the areas between groups are flat surfaces without any concave-concave structures. The first mode allows for a larger planting area than the second mode; choose according to your planting needs.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer 1 has a pleated three-dimensional structure.

[0043] It is understandable that the "concave-convex structure" of the pleats enhances the extensibility and support of the surface layer 1. Furthermore, the surface layer 1, with its three-dimensional pleated structure, can temporarily deform under external force and recover its pleats after the force disappears. With this design, when a plant is inserted into the plant mat 100 through the planting opening, the surface layer 1 undergoes localized deformation, allowing for easy insertion and convenient adjustment of the plant's root position. Specifically, the surface layer 1 is processed using a pleating technique to form a three-dimensional pleated structure. This pleating process allows for precise control over the direction (e.g., first and second directions), amplitude (e.g., shallow pleats, deep pleats), and density (e.g., dense pleats, sparse pleats) of the pleats, meeting the functional and aesthetic requirements of different products.

[0044] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the pleated three-dimensional structure includes one of the following three-dimensional structures: wavy pleats, sawtooth pleats, trapezoidal pleats, fan-shaped pleats, and accordion pleats.

[0045] Specifically, the cross-section of wavy folds presents a continuous, smooth wave curve, with natural transitions between convex (fold peaks) and concave (fold valleys) and no obvious sharp angles, resulting in good extensibility of surface layer 1. The cross-section of serrated folds features alternating "V"-shaped or "tooth-like" zigzag lines, with distinct acute or obtuse angles between fold peaks and valleys, lacking smooth transitions, resembling a "continuous sawtooth profile," giving surface layer 1 a strong three-dimensional effect. The cross-section of trapezoidal folds features alternating "trapezoidal" steps, with parallel straight lines on the sides of each fold, and horizontal planes between fold peaks and valleys, resembling "continuously stacked trapezoidal blocks," exhibiting strong structural stability and maintaining fixed spatial gaps. Fan-shaped folds resemble an "open fan," with narrow fold spacing near the center point, gradually widening outwards, forming a unique fan-shaped profile. Accordion folds have folds that alternate uniformly in a "U"-shaped or "square wave" pattern along a fixed direction, with all folds having completely consistent width and depth.

[0046] Therefore, the various folded three-dimensional structures mentioned above all have a certain strength, thus effectively maintaining the three-dimensional structure of surface 1, making it difficult for the structure of surface 1 to easily disintegrate, and also have a certain degree of extensibility, so that they can deform to adapt to the insertion of plants.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer 1 is a three-dimensional mesh structure. The three-dimensional mesh structure is formed by a plurality of mesh units distributed along the extension direction and thickness direction of the surface layer 1. The plurality of mesh units include a first type of mesh unit and a second type of mesh unit with different heights. The first type of mesh unit and the second type of mesh unit are arranged in an alternating pattern of high and low in the three-dimensional mesh structure.

[0048] Specifically, along the thickness direction (Z-axis of surface layer 1), in two adjacent cells, one is a convex cell and the other is a concave cell, forming a continuous alternating arrangement of convex cell-concave cell-convex cell; the convex cell protrudes away from the bottom layer 2 along the thickness direction, and the concave cell is recessed towards the bottom layer 2 along the thickness direction, and the protrusion height of the convex cell matches the concavity depth of the concave cell, so that the three-dimensional grid structure forms a continuous and regular concave-convex undulation shape in the thickness direction.

[0049] Furthermore, in the three-dimensional grid structure, a set of convex and concave cells that are arbitrarily adjacent along the thickness direction constitutes a concave-convex unit. Multiple concave-convex units are arranged sequentially along the thickness direction, and the structural parameters of each unit are consistent. These parameters include the convex height of the convex cells, the concave depth of the concave cells, and the center-to-center distance between the convex and concave cells along the thickness direction. This three-dimensional grid structure can be manufactured using a hot-pressing process, which is convenient and provides stable molding. The surface layer 1 formed by the three-dimensional grid structure has good ductility and support, and its uniform spatial density is beneficial for plant insertion and growth.

[0050] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the plant planting opening is a linear incision, formed along the fold lines in the pleated or grid-like three-dimensional structure. It can be understood that by creating the planting opening along the fold lines to form a linear incision, the planting opening can be hidden through the stacking of folds, improving aesthetics. Furthermore, the plant roots that are inserted benefit from this, as the plant's morphology is characterized by large leaves, thin stems, and large roots; ensuring the stem can be inserted is sufficient, as in the case of cuttings, where roots will develop after insertion.

[0051] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the multi-layer structure further includes at least one functional layer, which is stacked within the three-dimensional cavity and connected to the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2. That is, one or more material layers with specific functional properties are added to the three-dimensional cavity of the multi-layer structure to meet the requirements for plant growth. The requirements for the functional layer vary depending on the different application scenarios of the plant mat 100.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer 3, and a surface layer 1, a growth matrix layer 3 and a bottom layer 2 are sequentially stacked and connected.

[0053] Specifically, the growth substrate layer 3 is the "core functional carrier" of the plant mat 100 and is crucial to its multi-layered structure. It is layered within the three-dimensional cavity between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2, providing a basic environment for plant growth. This includes supporting the soil, nutrient solution, or culture medium needed for microbial cultivation. It needs to be connected to both the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 to maintain its position and prevent displacement. The three-dimensional shape of the surface layer 1 forms a three-dimensional cavity with the bottom layer 2, rather than being flatly attached, providing sufficient growth space for the plants in the growth substrate layer 3 and improving plant growth rate. The growth substrate layer 3 must be connected to both the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2 simultaneously to prevent displacement or accumulation during use (such as handling or watering), ensuring uniform distribution of the growth substrate layer 3 and allowing plant roots to maintain stable contact with the growth substrate.

[0054] According to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer 3 and a nonwoven fabric layer 4, with the surface layer 1, the nonwoven fabric layer 4, the growth matrix layer 3 and the bottom layer 2 being stacked and connected in sequence.

[0055] It is understandable that, to prevent soil from seeping into the growth substrate layer 3 during the process of inserting plants with soil and during the growth process, a non-woven fabric layer 4 is placed between the surface layer 1 and the growth substrate layer 3, further forming a multi-layer structure of "surface layer 1 - non-woven fabric layer 4 - growth substrate layer 3 - bottom layer 2". This arrangement not only prevents soil from seeping into the growth substrate but also does not obstruct air circulation and enhances the structural stability of the multi-layer structure. Furthermore, considering that some growth substrates (such as loose nutrient soil) are easily dispersed and may experience localized depressions or accumulations due to handling or vibration if directly sandwiched between the surface layer 1 and the bottom layer 2, a further multi-layer structure of "surface layer 1 - non-woven fabric layer 4 - growth substrate layer 3 - non-woven fabric layer 4 - bottom layer 2" can be formed. The fibrous structure of the non-woven fabric layer 4 can wrap around and support the growth substrate layer 3 from both sides, maintaining its uniform distribution, preventing deformation, and also preventing the loss of water and nutrients.

[0056] Furthermore, the main component of the nonwoven layer 4 is preferably polyester, which can improve water absorption and breathability. The nonwoven layer 4 can be made of polyester and viscose composite (needle punching or hydroentangling process) or polyester and hydrophilic fiber composite (needle punching or hydroentangling process), which can not only improve water absorption but also improve the strength of the nonwoven layer 4.

[0057] The nonwoven layer 4 also possesses high strength and abrasion resistance, is not easily damaged, can be reused, and has good breathability, allowing for air circulation and preventing the growth of moisture and mold, thus facilitating plant growth. To ensure that the nonwoven fabric does not negatively impact plant growth over the long term, the nonwoven layer 4 can be made from biodegradable and decomposable raw materials, making it environmentally friendly and easy to process through cutting, sewing, and heat pressing.

[0058] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the growth matrix layer 3 is a soft and bendable non-solid material layer.

[0059] This design allows the non-solid material layer to store water and nutrients, facilitating the supply of these nutrients to the plant roots. When the growth substrate layer 3 is a non-solid material layer, it not only possesses sufficient strength to resist deformation and provide support, but also exhibits a degree of elasticity, enabling it to wrap and protect the plant roots, thereby promoting plant growth.

[0060] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the growth matrix layer 3 is one of the following: hydrophilic polyurethane sponge layer, rock wool layer, organic sheet layer, melamine resin sponge layer, adhesive matrix layer, soil and / or particle layer fixed with non-woven fabric.

[0061] Specifically, the growth substrate layer 3 can be a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge, or rock wool suitable for plant growth, or melamine resin sponge, or an organic sheet layer. The organic sheet layer is a sheet made of coconut coir / straw organic matter bonded together, where the adhesive can be urea-formaldehyde resin or a polymer fiber hot melt adhesive. Alternatively, the growth substrate layer 3 can also be an adhesive substrate layer, formed by bonding soil and / or granules, or a non-woven fabric can be used to fix the growth substrate layer 3 formed by soil and / or granules, thereby meeting the growth needs of plant roots.

[0062] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the surface layer 1 / bottom layer 2 is a soft and bendable polymer material layer or a polymer coating material layer. This can give the surface layer 1 / bottom layer 2 a certain strength, prevent it from easily deforming, and provide support, thereby effectively maintaining the three-dimensional structure of the surface layer 1 and making it less likely for the structure of the surface layer 1 and bottom layer 2 to easily disintegrate, which can facilitate the insertion of plants.

[0063] Polymer materials include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and silicone rubber. Polymer materials encompass plastics, synthetic fibers (such as polyester and acrylic), and rubber. Polymer coating materials are functional films / coatings derived from polymer materials. They are formed by processing polymer materials into films or coatings using specific techniques. Specifically, a polymer film can be applied to the outer surface of a polymer material, or placed between the polymer material layer and the plant. This reduces evaporation from the planting structure, provides insulation, and effectively improves overall mechanical properties such as tensile strength and tear resistance. For example, applying aluminum foil to the outer surface of a polymer material can effectively reflect light and lower root temperature, thereby increasing light exposure to the leaves.

[0064] In some embodiments of this utility model, the soft and bendable polymer material layer is one of the following: a polyester material layer, a composite material layer of polyester and viscose, or a composite material layer of polyester and hydrophilic fibers.

[0065] Specifically, the main component of the polymer material layer is preferably polyester, which can improve water absorption and breathability. Furthermore, a composite of polyester and viscose or a composite of polyester and hydrophilic fibers can also be used. In this way, not only can water absorption be improved, but also the strength of the surface layer 1 / bottom layer 2 can be improved, and the stability of the three-dimensional morphology of the surface layer 1 can be improved.

[0066] In some embodiments of this invention, the flexible and bendable polymer material layer is a plastic layer. Due to the low cost and ease of processing of plastics, as well as their good surface compatibility, they can be laminated with substrates (metal foils, films, etc.), simplifying the lamination process while ensuring interlayer stability after lamination.

[0067] The planting system according to a second aspect of this utility model includes: a carrier and a plant mat 100. The carrier has a bearing surface, and the plant mat 100 is disposed on the bearing surface. Specifically, traditional planting systems are set as a whole. Because the plant mat 100 has a certain degree of flexibility, by setting a carrier, the plant mat 100 can be laid and fixed on the carrier. Depending on the planting system's location in different environments, the carrier can be set accordingly, thus facilitating the placement of the plant mat 100 in different environments.

[0068] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A plant blanket, characterized in that, The plant mat has a multi-layer structure, which includes at least a top layer and a bottom layer stacked together. The top layer is connected to the bottom layer. The top layer has a three-dimensional shape and forms a three-dimensional cavity between it and the bottom layer for plant root growth. The top layer may have multiple plant planting openings.

2. The plant mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the surface layer has multiple protruding units and multiple recessed units. The protruding units and the recessed units are arranged alternately along a first direction of the surface layer and extend or alternately along a second direction of the surface layer so that the surface layer constitutes the three-dimensional shape. Wherein, the first direction is the extending direction within the cross-section perpendicular to the surface thickness direction, the second direction is at an angle α with the first direction, and α > 0; the protrusion unit includes at least one protrusion.

3. The plant mat according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protrusion extends along the second direction of the surface to form a strip-shaped protrusion, and the width of the strip-shaped protrusion changes periodically along the second direction. The periodic alternation includes a continuous and smoothly transitioning shrinking segment and a widening segment. The width of the shrinking segment gradually decreases along the second direction, and the width of the widening segment gradually increases along the length direction.

4. The plant mat according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raised units and the recessed units are continuously and alternately arranged from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer; or, the raised units and the recessed units are alternately arranged along the first direction of the surface layer to form a group, and multiple groups are spaced apart from one side to the other along the first direction of the surface layer, and the surface portion between adjacent groups is flat.

5. The plant mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface layer has a wrinkled three-dimensional structure.

6. The plant mat according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pleated three-dimensional structure includes one of the following: wavy pleats, sawtooth pleats, trapezoidal pleats, fan-shaped pleats, and accordion pleats.

7. The plant mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The surface layer has a three-dimensional mesh structure, which is formed by a number of mesh units distributed along the extension direction and thickness direction of the surface layer. The number of mesh units includes a first type of mesh unit and a second type of mesh unit with different heights. The first type of mesh unit and the second type of mesh unit are arranged in an alternating pattern of high and low in the three-dimensional mesh structure.

8. The plant mat according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-layer structure further includes at least one functional layer, wherein the at least one functional layer is stacked within the three-dimensional cavity and connected to the surface layer and the bottom layer; Wherein, the at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer, and the surface layer, the growth matrix layer and the bottom layer are stacked and connected in sequence; or the at least one functional layer includes a growth matrix layer and a nonwoven fabric layer, and the surface layer, the nonwoven fabric layer and the growth matrix layer and the bottom layer are stacked and connected in sequence.

9. The plant mat according to claim 8, characterized in that, The growth substrate layer is one of the following: a hydrophilic polyurethane sponge layer, a rock wool layer, an organic sheet layer, a melamine resin sponge layer, an adhesive substrate layer, soil and / or granular layer fixed with nonwoven fabric; and / or The surface layer and / or the bottom layer are soft and flexible polymer material layers or polymer coating material layers.

10. A planting system, characterized in that, include: The carrier has a bearing surface; And, the plant blanket according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plant blanket is disposed on the bearing surface.

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