A biomass fuel coke-colloid rapid separator

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of biomass fuel coke-gel quick separator. The quick separator includes degumming device and built-in degumming device in decarbonator;The decarbonator is connected with feed pipeline, and its bottom is connected conical carbon storage chamber through quick release device I;The decarbonator inside is equipped with guide vane along median vertical line;The degumming device is connected with decarbonator by overflow hole being set on the sidewall of decarbonator, and its bottom is connected kettle-shaped glue storage chamber through quick release device II, and top is equipped with discharge gate;All corners in the quick separator are arc angle except the bottom angle of decarbonator. The separator is based on Bernoulli principle and dead zone sedimentation principle, and coke and gel are separated in turn by conical carbon storage chamber and kettle-shaped glue storage chamber, which has the advantages of stable structure, low cost and easy operation, and has excellent separation effect for small flow and high flow rate biomass fuel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model designs a coke-colloid rapid separator, specifically relating to a biomass fuel coke-colloid rapid separator, belonging to the field of solid-liquid separator technology. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the unique raw materials and synthesis pathways of biomass fuels, two key byproducts are inevitably generated: solid coke (Char) and colloidal tar (Tar). The physicochemical properties and residue issues of these two substances severely restrict the system's energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Solid coke is mainly generated when biomass raw materials are pyrolyzed under anaerobic or high-temperature conditions, resulting in porous carbonaceous residue (coke) from the decomposition of cellulose and lignin. Its hazards are mainly manifested in: 1. High-hardness particles (Mohs hardness ≥3) accelerate equipment wear, especially causing irreversible mechanical wear and damage to key components such as internal combustion engine cylinders and gas turbine blades; 2. Coke accounts for 10% to 20% of the total energy of the raw materials. If discharged directly, it will result in the loss of biomass carbon sources; 3. Alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium) enriched in coke ash react with silicon at high temperatures to form low-melting-point eutectics, causing engine blockage. Furthermore, it readily adsorbs heavy metals, and if left untreated, the combustion exhaust gas will cause serious environmental pollution. Colloidal tar, obtained by the dry distillation and enrichment of tar from biomass, is mainly composed of complex organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Its hazards are primarily manifested in the following ways: 1. Colloidal tar accounts for 5%-15% of the fuel's energy, but it is difficult to burn synchronously with combustible gases at low temperatures, leading to reduced energy utilization; 2. Colloidal tar's viscosity increases significantly at low temperatures, causing it to condense and clog pipes and valves, and combine with water and carbon particles to form viscous substances, corroding metal equipment and damaging critical components such as gas turbines; 3. Due to its complex organic structure, colloidal tar releases large amounts of organic VOCs during combustion, reducing the overall environmental protection level of the fuel and causing serious harm to the environment.

[0003] While there are many existing solid-colloid-liquid separators, they are mainly designed for kitchen waste or industrial wastewater. Their systems are complex, consisting of multiple sets of equipment connected in series or parallel. They require a long time to clean and maintain, and most separators are designed for large flow rates, making them difficult to apply in laboratories and small-scale separation systems. Therefore, the market urgently needs a small, quick-cleaning coke-colloid separator. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator. This rapid separator is based on Bernoulli's principle and the dead zone settling principle. First, a zigzag channel induces turbulence in the biomass fuel. Then, in a conical coke storage chamber, most of the solid coke particles and a small portion of colloidal tar in the biomass fuel are rapidly separated and settled. Subsequently, the biomass fuel enters a large-diameter channel, where the fluid velocity is reduced and the fluid is rectified into a horizontal flow, thereby ensuring that the colloidal tar fully settles at the bottom of the kettle-shaped colloidal storage chamber.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, this utility model provides a rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator, including a degumming unit and a decarbonizing unit built into the degumming unit; the decarbonizing unit is connected to the feed pipe, and its bottom is connected to a conical coke storage chamber through a quick-release device I; a guide plate is provided inside the decarbonizing unit along the vertical line; the degumming unit is connected to the decarbonizing unit through an overflow hole opened on the side wall of the decarbonizing unit, and its bottom is connected to a kettle-shaped coke storage chamber through a quick-release device II, and a discharge port is opened at the top;

[0006] In the rapid separator, all corners except for the cone angle at the bottom of the decarbonizer are arc angles.

[0007] The separator provided by this invention utilizes the synergistic effect between its components to generate turbulence through a zigzag channel, promoting primary separation. Then, based on Bernoulli's principle, a conical carbon storage chamber rapidly settles coke, followed by advection settling of colloids in a kettle-shaped colloid storage chamber, thereby achieving rapid removal of coke and colloids from biomass fuel. Furthermore, this invention employs a quick-disassembly design for both the conical carbon storage chamber and the kettle-shaped colloid storage chamber, enabling rapid maintenance and cleaning, and exhibiting excellent separation performance, especially for low-flow-rate, high-velocity biomass fuels.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the feed pipe and the top discharge port of the degummer are respectively equipped with valves.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the valve is one of a gate valve, ball valve, butterfly valve, and plug valve.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the quick-release device is one of a quick-release flange, a hydraulic quick-connect coupling, and a fastening quick-release pipe clamp.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the guide plate is 50-70% of the total length of the decarbonizer.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the decarbonizer is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0013] The ratio of the inner diameters of the decarbonizer and the degummer must be strictly in accordance with the above requirements. If the ratio is too low, the flow rate of the decarbonizer will be too high, and the coke will be carried into the degummer before settling, increasing the subsequent load. If the ratio is too high, the flow rate of the degummer will not decrease sufficiently, and the colloid will be discharged from the outlet before settling sufficiently.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the conical carbon storage chamber is a cone with a base radius equal to the inner diameter of the decarbonizer and a depth of 20-30% of the length of the decarbonizer.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the cone apex angle of the conical carbon storage chamber ranges from 30° to 90°.

[0016] The cone angle of the conical carbon storage chamber must be strictly implemented in accordance with the above requirements. If the angle is too small, it will cause the coke to form a bridging phenomenon at the top corner. As the sedimentation continues to twist, the fluid shear force will increase, causing the settled particles to be resuspended. If the angle is too large, it will directly cause the cone to lose its guiding function, and the coke will not be able to be deposited smoothly in the conical carbon storage chamber.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the arc angle of the container-shaped glue storage chamber is 45~90°.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the container-shaped glue storage chamber is an electrostatic glue storage chamber, which forms an electrostatic field when connected to an external power source.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the cone apex angle of the conical carbon storage chamber ranges from 60° to 90°.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, when the arc angle of the container-shaped glue storage chamber is 90°, its arc angle radius is 5~15% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0021] It is important to note that the combination of the arc angle and the arc angle radius of the container-shaped colloid storage chamber must be carried out in accordance with the above requirements. When the arc angle is too small, a strong vortex will be formed at the corner, which will re-roll up the settled colloid. When the arc angle is too large, it will lead to point dead zones, causing the colloid to accumulate at the arc angle, thereby causing channel blockage.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the overflow hole is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the decarbonizer, and it is located at a distance of 10-20% of the total length of the decarbonizer from the top of the decarbonizer.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the distance between the conical carbon storage chamber and the kettle-shaped gum storage chamber is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the technical solution provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0025] 1) The rapid separator provided by this utility model is based on Bernoulli's principle and the dead zone settling principle. First, the biomass fuel is turbulently generated through the zigzag channel. Then, most of the solid coke particles and a small part of colloidal tar in the biomass fuel are rapidly separated and settled in the conical coke storage chamber. Subsequently, the biomass fuel enters the large inner diameter channel, which reduces the fluid velocity and straightens the fluid into a horizontal flow, thereby ensuring that the colloidal tar settles fully at the bottom of the kettle-shaped coke storage chamber.

[0026] 2) The technical solution provided by this utility model enables rapid inspection and maintenance of the separator through two quick-release devices, which is especially suitable for the pre-separation process in the process of frequently changing various oil products; the separator has the advantages of stable structure, low cost and easy operation, and has excellent separation effect for biomass fuel with small flow rate and high flow velocity. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rapid separator provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fluid operation of the rapid separator provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0029] Among them, 1-feed pipe valve, 2-feed pipe, 3-guide plate, 4-quick release device I, 5-conical carbon storage chamber, 6-quick release device II, 7-pot-shaped glue storage chamber, 8-top discharge port valve of degummer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, it will be described more comprehensively and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator, the specific structure of which includes a degumming unit and a decarbonizing unit built into the degumming unit; the decarbonizing unit is connected to the feed pipe 2, and its bottom is connected to the conical coke storage chamber 5 through a quick-release device I 4; the decarbonizing unit is provided with a guide plate 3 along the vertical line inside; the degumming unit is connected to the decarbonizing unit through an overflow hole opened on the side wall of the decarbonizing unit, and its bottom is connected to the kettle-shaped coke storage chamber 7 through a quick-release device II 6, and a discharge port is opened at the top;

[0033] In the rapid separator, all corners except for the cone angle at the bottom of the decarbonizer are arc angles.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the feed pipe and the top discharge port of the degummer are respectively equipped with valve 1 and valve 8.

[0035] As a preferred option, the valve is a ball valve.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, the quick-release device is a quick-release flange.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the guide plate is 60% of the total length of the decarbonizer.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the decarbonizer is 50% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the conical carbon storage chamber is a cone with a base radius equal to the inner diameter of the decarbonizer and a depth of 20% of the length of the decarbonizer.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the cone apex angle of the conical carbon storage chamber is in the range of 60°.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, when the arc angle of the container-shaped glue storage chamber is 90°, its arc angle radius is 10% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the container-shaped glue storage chamber is an electrostatic glue storage chamber, which forms an electrostatic field when connected to an external power source.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the overflow hole is 50% of the inner diameter of the decarbonizer, and it is located at a distance of 15% of the total length of the decarbonizer from the top of the decarbonizer station.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the distance between the conical carbon storage chamber and the kettle-shaped gum storage chamber is 50% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

[0045] To further illustrate the technical effectiveness of the separator provided in this embodiment, the separator was used to process biomass fuel with a coke content of 2 wt% and a colloid content of 1000 ppm. The process is as follows: First, the feed pipe valve and the top discharge port valve of the decoking device are opened. The biomass fuel enters the decoking device through the feed pipe. During the flow, the coke in the biomass fuel is deposited in the conical coke storage chamber. The fuel continues to enter the decoking device through the overflow hole on the side wall of the decoking device. Due to the increased inner diameter of the decoking device, the flow rate of the fuel is reduced to half that in the decoking device. Subsequently, it is deposited and degummed in the kettle-shaped colloid storage chamber. During the degumming process, an external power source can be connected to form an electrostatic field to accelerate the degumming rate. The degummed fuel is discharged through the top discharge port of the decoking device. After testing, the coke content in the biomass fuel was reduced to below 0.1 wt% and the colloid content was reduced to below 20 ppm after processing by the separator provided in this embodiment, demonstrating excellent separation effect.

Claims

1. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator, characterized in that: It includes a degumming device and a decarbonizing device built into the degumming device; the decarbonizing device is connected to the feed pipe (2), and its bottom is connected to the conical carbon storage chamber (5) through the quick-release device I (4); the decarbonizing device is provided with a guide plate (3) along the vertical line inside; the degumming device is connected to the decarbonizing device through an overflow hole opened on the side wall of the decarbonizing device, and its bottom is connected to the kettle-shaped glue storage chamber (7) through the quick-release device II (6), and a discharge port is opened at the top; In the rapid separator, all corners except for the cone angle at the bottom of the decarbonizer are arc angles.

2. The rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed pipe and the top outlet of the degummer are respectively equipped with valves (1, 8); the valves are one of the following: gate valve, ball valve, butterfly valve and plug valve.

3. The rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-release device is one of the following: quick-release flange, hydraulic quick coupling, and fastening quick-release pipe clamp.

4. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the guide plate is 50-70% of the total length of the decarbonizer; the inner diameter of the decarbonizer is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

5. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical carbon storage chamber is a cone with a base radius equal to the inner diameter of the decarbonizer and a depth of 20-30% of the length of the decarbonizer.

6. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone apex angle of the conical carbon storage chamber is in the range of 30~90°; the arc angle of the kettle-shaped glue storage chamber is 45~90°; the kettle-shaped glue storage chamber is an electrostatic glue storage chamber, which forms an electrostatic field when connected to an external power source.

7. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cone apex angle of the conical carbon storage chamber is in the range of 60~90°; when the arc angle of the kettle-shaped gum storage chamber is 90°, its arc radius is 5~15% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

8. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the overflow hole is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the decarbonizer, and it is located at a distance of 10-20% of the total length of the decarbonizer from the top of the decarbonizer.

9. A rapid biomass fuel coke-colloid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the conical carbon storage chamber and the kettle-shaped gum storage chamber is 40-60% of the inner diameter of the degummer.

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