A purifying device for controlling the environment in a super-long deep buried tunnel hole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of purification devices for special long deep-buried tunnel hole internal environment control;The device includes the car body of walking, the tail portion of car body is equipped with the dust suction inlet for being inhaled into car body for dust in tunnel hole is adsorbed, between the tail portion of dust suction inlet and the import end of dust adsorption box corresponding to suction fan unit, exhaust fan unit is located in the tail portion of dust adsorption box and with the exhaust port opposite, foam generating system is also set in car body, for generating the foam of dust removal, top portion of dust suction inlet and the top portion of car body are also respectively equipped with the spray head for spraying foam to the rear of car body and the front of car body. After redesign, provide multiple operating modes;The device not only can efficiently solve the problem that long deep-buried tunnel dust concentration is high, purification difficulty is big, has the advantages of convenient operation, low maintenance cost, energy saving and environmental protection, can significantly improve tunnel internal operating environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels, specifically a dust purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In infrastructure construction in transportation, water conservancy, energy and other fields, the control of the construction and operation environment of extra-long, deep-buried tunnels (usually referring to tunnels with a length of more than 10 kilometers and a burial depth of more than 500 meters) is one of the core technical challenges. Due to their enclosed space, long ventilation paths (ventilation resistance can be 3-5 times that of conventional tunnels), and poor air circulation, these tunnels generate a large amount of dust during construction (such as shield tunneling, blasting operations, and support construction) and operation (such as vehicle traffic and equipment operation). The dust mainly includes rock debris dust, mechanical wear dust, and suspended fine particulate matter (PM2.5 / PM10).

[0003] These dust particles not only seriously threaten the health of workers (long-term inhalation can easily lead to pneumoconiosis and respiratory diseases), but also corrode the mechanical and electrical equipment in the tunnel (such as lighting, communication, and tunneling equipment), reducing the service life of the equipment. At the same time, high concentrations of dust can significantly reduce visibility in the tunnel, increase construction accidents (such as mechanical collisions) and operational safety hazards (such as vehicle rear-end collisions), becoming a key factor restricting the construction efficiency and operational safety of extra-long and deep buried tunnels.

[0004] Currently, the industry's methods for handling dust from extra-long, deeply buried tunnels have significant technical shortcomings, specifically as follows: 1. Traditional ventilation and dust suppression are inefficient: relying on fixed axial flow fans or jet fans for forced ventilation, the ventilation distance is far beyond the effective range due to the long tunnel, and dust is prone to form "stagnation zones" in the middle and end of the tunnel, which cannot be completely discharged; moreover, ventilation can only dilute the dust concentration and cannot actively capture dust, so the treatment effect on fine particulate dust is almost zero.

[0005] 2. Water spraying for dust suppression has obvious drawbacks: Water spraying for dust suppression by manual labor or fixed sprinkler systems consumes a large amount of water resources (the water consumption for a single spraying in a very long tunnel can reach tens of tons), increasing construction costs; on the other hand, the increased humidity inside the tunnel can easily lead to muddy bottom surfaces, affecting the passage of engineering vehicles and the progress of construction, and water has a weak ability to adsorb fine particulate dust (fine dust is easily re-raised by airflow), resulting in poor dust suppression stability.

[0006] 3. Limited coverage of fixed adsorption devices: Most existing dust adsorption devices are fixed installations (such as adsorption boxes installed on the side of tunnel walls), which cannot be moved and can only treat dust in local areas. For extra-long tunnels that are several kilometers long, a large number of devices need to be deployed, which leads to a surge in equipment and installation costs. Moreover, most adsorption units are designed as a whole, which need to be disassembled and replaced as a whole after saturation. Maintenance requires shutdown, which seriously affects the continuity of tunnel construction or operation.

[0007] 4. Limited functionality and inconvenient operation: Existing devices only have a single function of "adsorption" or "dust suppression," and cannot flexibly switch working modes according to dust concentration (such as high-concentration dust after blasting and low-concentration dust in daily life), resulting in energy waste or incomplete treatment. In addition, the height of the air intake is fixed (which cannot adapt to the different dust distribution heights in the tunnel, such as low-height dust raised by ground vehicles and medium-to-high-height dust generated by tunneling equipment), and the exhaust port needs to be opened and closed manually (manual operation is unsafe and inefficient in the complex environment of the tunnel), which further limits the practicality of the device.

[0008] In summary, existing technologies cannot meet the requirements of "high efficiency, flexibility, low maintenance cost, and multi-functional integration" for dust treatment in extra-long and deep-buried tunnels. There is an urgent need for a dust purification technology solution that can adapt to the closed environment of extra-long and deep-buried tunnels, has a wide coverage, adjustable functions, and is easy to maintain. Utility Model Content

[0009] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this utility model provides a purification device for environmental control in extra-long and deep buried tunnels. After redesign, the device integrates "dust adsorption purification" and "foam dust suppression purification", and provides multiple operating modes (adsorption alone, foam dust suppression alone, adsorption + dust suppression synergy). This device can not only efficiently solve the problems of high dust concentration and great purification difficulty in extra-long and deep buried tunnels, but also has the advantages of convenient operation, low maintenance cost, energy saving and environmental protection, and can significantly improve the working environment in the tunnel.

[0010] This utility model is implemented as follows: a purification device for controlling the environment inside an extra-long, deep-buried tunnel is constructed. The device comprises a vehicle body capable of traveling within the tunnel, with a compartment for purifying dust inside the tunnel fixedly installed on the vehicle body. The rear of the compartment is equipped with a dust suction inlet for adsorbing dust from the tunnel into the compartment. The interior of the compartment includes a suction fan unit, a dust adsorption box, and an exhaust fan unit. An exhaust vent is located at the top front of the compartment. The suction fan unit is positioned between the rear of the dust suction inlet and the inlet of the dust adsorption box. The exhaust fan unit is located at... At the rear of the dust adsorption box, opposite the exhaust vent, the powerful suction of the suction fan unit draws dust from the outside into the dust adsorption box through the dust intake. After adsorption and filtration, the dust is then discharged from the vehicle compartment through the exhaust vent under the powerful suction of the exhaust fan unit. A foam generating system is also installed inside the vehicle compartment to generate dust removal foam. At the same time, nozzles for spraying foam onto the rear of the vehicle compartment and the front of the vehicle body are installed on the top of the dust intake and the top of the vehicle body, respectively. After the foam is sprayed, the huge specific surface area of ​​the foam can adsorb dust particles in the air, and then the dust is carried away from the air by the bursting of the foam or its own weight, thus achieving sedimentation.

[0011] According to the present application, a purification device for controlling the environment inside an extra-long, deep-buried tunnel is characterized in that: the foam generation system comprises a water tank, a foaming agent tank, a mixing tank, and a foam generator, the foam generator being connected to a corresponding nozzle via a pipeline.

[0012] According to the present application, a purification device for environmental control inside a long, deep-buried tunnel is characterized in that: multiple sets of dust adsorption units capable of adsorbing dust are arranged vertically inside the dust adsorption box, and each set of dust adsorption units can independently move and intersect within the dust adsorption box.

[0013] According to the present application, a purification device for environmental control inside a long, deep-buried tunnel is characterized in that: a retractable corrugated section is added between the dust suction inlet and the rear of the carriage, and a rear cylinder assembly is installed on the top of the carriage. The telescopic end of the rear cylinder assembly is fixed to the top of the dust suction inlet. The telescopic movement of the rear cylinder assembly can drive the dust suction inlet to move, thereby causing the outer port of the dust suction inlet to be adjusted up and down, thus changing the height of dust adsorption.

[0014] According to the present application, a purification device for controlling the environment inside an extra-long, deep-buried tunnel is characterized in that: an exhaust cover is provided at the exhaust port, the lower edge of the exhaust cover is rotatably connected to the top of the carriage by a hinge, and a front-end cylinder assembly is provided on the top of the carriage. The telescopic end of the front-end cylinder assembly is fixed to the outside of the exhaust cover. The telescopic movement of the front-end cylinder assembly can drive the exhaust cover to move at the exhaust port, thereby automatically opening and closing the exhaust port.

[0015] According to the present application, a purification device for environmental control inside a long, deep-buried tunnel is characterized in that the carriage has an openable side, which facilitates maintenance of the internal equipment after the side is opened.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels provided in this application systematically optimizes the shortcomings of existing technologies and has the following significant beneficial effects: First, it boasts high mobility, wide coverage, and suitability for extremely long tunnel scenarios. This device uses a vehicle-mounted purification system that can move inside the tunnel. It does not require fixed installation and can be flexibly moved according to the dust concentration areas in the tunnel (such as the tunneling face and vehicle parking points) to achieve precise "point-to-point" purification. Compared with traditional fixed devices, it can cover tunnels several kilometers long without the need to deploy multiple sets of equipment, which greatly reduces equipment and installation costs and effectively solves the problem of "local retention" of dust in extra-long tunnels.

[0017] Secondly, it integrates multiple functions, flexibly adapts to different dust conditions, and has high purification efficiency. The device integrates a dual system of "dust adsorption and purification" and "foam dust suppression and purification," providing three operating modes (adsorption only, foam dust suppression only, and adsorption + dust suppression synergy): For low-concentration dust, simply activating the adsorption system is sufficient for efficient filtration, reducing energy consumption. For high concentrations of dust or fine particulate matter (PM2.5), activate the foam dust suppression system. Utilize the huge specific surface area of ​​foam (tens of times that of water) to powerfully adsorb dust, preventing fine dust from being stirred up again. The dust suppression efficiency far exceeds that of traditional water spraying. Under extremely high dust concentration conditions, the dual systems work together to achieve dual purification through "capture first, then filtration," with a dust removal rate of over 95%, which is significantly better than existing single-function devices.

[0018] Third, the height of the air intake is adjustable, making it highly targeted for dust capture. An extendable corrugated section is added between the dust suction inlet and the carriage, and the height of the suction inlet is adjusted up and down by the rear cylinder group (adaptive range 0.5-3m). It can accurately capture dust at different heights in the tunnel (such as low-height dust raised by ground vehicles and medium-to-high-height dust generated by tunneling equipment), avoiding the "missed capture" problem of traditional fixed-height suction inlets and improving dust capture efficiency by more than 30%.

[0019] Fourth, the exhaust vent opens and closes automatically, making it convenient to operate and highly safe. The exhaust vent is equipped with a rotatable exhaust cover, which is automatically opened and closed by a front-end cylinder group. This eliminates the need for manual operation in the complex environment of the tunnel, reducing safety risks for workers and improving the efficiency of the device's start-up and shutdown. At the same time, when the exhaust cover is closed in the non-working state, it can prevent dust and moisture in the tunnel from entering the carriage and corroding core components such as the fan unit and adsorption box, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0020] Fifth, the adsorption unit is easy to maintain, ensuring continuous tunnel operation. The dust adsorption box is equipped with multiple independent dust adsorption units arranged vertically, and each unit can move and intersect independently along the adsorption box. When the adsorption unit is saturated, there is no need to disassemble the entire adsorption box. Only the saturated unit needs to be removed and replaced. The maintenance time is reduced to 1 / 5 of that of the traditional integrated adsorption device, avoiding downtime for tunnel construction or operation due to maintenance and ensuring the continuity of operation.

[0021] 6. Foam dust suppression is water-saving and environmentally friendly, with no risk of water accumulation. The foam dust suppression system generates foam by mixing water tanks and foaming agent tanks in a certain proportion. Compared with traditional water spraying dust suppression, the water consumption is only 1 / 10 of the latter, which greatly reduces water consumption. Moreover, after the foam absorbs dust, it will either break or settle due to its own weight, without excess water accumulation, thus avoiding muddy tunnel bottoms that affect the passage of engineering vehicles and solving the defects of traditional water spraying that are "high in water consumption and prone to water accumulation".

[0022] 7. Compact structure, high integration, suitable for enclosed tunnel spaces. The device integrates core components such as the suction fan unit, dust adsorption box, exhaust fan unit, and foam generation system into the carriage. It has a compact structure and a small footprint (carriage width ≤ 2.5m). It can move flexibly in the narrow space of the tunnel without occupying too much construction or operation passage, and is suitable for the closed and space-limited environment of extra-long and deep buried tunnels.

[0023] In summary, this device not only efficiently solves the problems of high dust concentration and difficulty in purification in long and deep buried tunnels, but also has the advantages of convenient operation, low maintenance cost, energy saving and environmental protection. It can significantly improve the working environment in tunnels, protect personnel health and equipment safety, and improve tunnel construction efficiency and operational safety. It has extremely high engineering practical value and promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figures 1-2 This is a schematic diagram of the purification device of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the foam generation system in the purification device of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the purification device of this application being implemented inside an extra-long, deep-buried tunnel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-4 This utility model will be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] This utility model provides a purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, it can be implemented as follows: The device includes a vehicle body 1 capable of traveling inside a sufficiently long and deep buried tunnel. A compartment 2 for purifying dust inside the tunnel is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 1. A dust suction inlet 3 for adsorbing dust inside the tunnel is installed at the rear of the compartment 2. The interior of the compartment 2 is equipped with a suction fan unit 4, a dust adsorption box 5, and an exhaust fan unit 6. An exhaust vent 7 is located at the top front of the compartment 2. The suction fan unit 4 is positioned between the rear of the dust suction inlet 3 and the inlet of the dust adsorption box 5. The exhaust fan unit 6 is located at the rear of the dust adsorption box 5 and is connected to the dust adsorption box 5. Opposite to the exhaust vent 7, the dust is drawn from the outside into the dust adsorption box 5 through the dust inlet 3 by the powerful suction of the suction fan unit 4. After adsorption and filtration, the dust is discharged from the carriage 2 through the exhaust vent 7 by the powerful suction of the exhaust fan unit 6. A foam generating system is also installed in the carriage 2 to generate dust removal foam. At the same time, nozzles 8 are installed on the top of the dust inlet 3 and the top of the carriage 1 to spray foam to the rear of the carriage 2 and the front of the carriage 1, respectively. After the foam is sprayed, the huge specific surface area of ​​the foam can adsorb the dust particles in the air, and then the dust is carried away from the air by the bursting of the foam or its own weight, thus achieving sedimentation.

[0027] The foam generating system comprises a water tank 9, a foaming agent tank 10, a mixing tank 11, and a foam generator 12, which is connected to the corresponding nozzle 8 via a pipeline.

[0028] The foam used in foam dust removal is mainly produced by mixing water, foaming agent and compressed air through a foam generator, which generates a large number of uniform and tiny bubbles through physical action (the preparation of dust removal foam is an existing technology).

[0029] Its core production process consists of three steps: 1. Solution preparation: Water and foaming agent (usually a surfactant to reduce the surface tension of water) are mixed in a water tank in proportion to form a mother liquor with foaming ability. 2. Gas-liquid mixing: The mother liquor is pumped to the foam generator, while compressed air is introduced. In the special structure inside the generator (such as a sieve plate and nozzles), the gas and liquid are violently agitated and cut. 3. Foam formation: The cut gas-liquid mixture forms a large number of small-diameter (usually 1-5 mm) and highly stable foams, which are then transported to the dust removal area through pipes or nozzles.

[0030] The dust adsorption box 5 is equipped with multiple sets of dust adsorption units 5-1 arranged vertically inside, each set of dust adsorption units 5-1 can move and intersect independently inside the dust adsorption box 5.

[0031] A retractable corrugated section 13 is added between the dust suction inlet 3 and the rear of the carriage 2, and a rear cylinder assembly 14 is installed on the top of the carriage 2. The telescopic end of the rear cylinder assembly 14 is fixed to the top of the dust suction inlet 3. The telescopic movement of the rear cylinder assembly 14 can drive the dust suction inlet 3 to move, thereby causing the outer port of the dust suction inlet 3 to be adjusted up and down, thus changing the height of dust adsorption.

[0032] An exhaust cover 15 is provided at the exhaust vent 7. The lower edge of the exhaust cover 15 is rotatably connected to the top of the carriage 2 by a hinge. A front cylinder assembly 16 is provided at the top of the carriage 2. The telescopic end of the front cylinder assembly 16 is fixed to the outside of the exhaust cover 15. The telescopic movement of the front cylinder assembly 16 can drive the exhaust cover 15 to move at the exhaust vent 7, thereby automatically opening and closing the exhaust vent 7.

[0033] The carriage 2 has an openable side 2-1, which facilitates the maintenance of the internal equipment.

[0034] The purification device has the following implementation methods; Method 1: Dust adsorption and purification; drive the vehicle body 1 to a suitable position inside the tunnel, first control the opening of the rear cylinder group 14 to extend and retract, driving the dust suction inlet 3 to a suitable position, at the same time control the movement of the front cylinder group 16 to open the exhaust cover 15, and simultaneously control the start of the suction fan group 4 and the exhaust fan group 6 to operate, sucking the dust inside the tunnel into the dust adsorption box 5 for filtration, after adsorption and filtration, it is discharged from the exhaust port 7 of the vehicle body 2 under the strong suction of the exhaust fan group 6; Method 2: Dust Suppression and Purification; Drive the vehicle body 1 to a suitable position inside the tunnel, and simultaneously control the generation of foam. Turn on the top of the dust suction inlet 3 and the nozzles 8 on the top of the vehicle body 1, and spray the foam from the rear of the vehicle body 2 and the front of the vehicle body 1 respectively. After the foam is sprayed, the huge specific surface area of ​​the foam can be used to adsorb the dust particles in the air, and then the dust will be carried away from the air by the foam rupture or its own weight, thus achieving settling.

[0035] Method 3 combines dust adsorption and purification with foam dust suppression. The vehicle body 1 is driven to a suitable position inside the tunnel. First, the rear cylinder assembly 14 is activated to extend and retract, bringing the dust intake 3 to a suitable position. Simultaneously, the front cylinder assembly 16 is activated to open the exhaust cover 15. At the same time, the suction fan assembly 4 and exhaust fan assembly 6 are activated to draw dust from the tunnel into the dust adsorption box 5 for filtration. After adsorption and filtration, the dust is discharged from the exhaust port 7 of the exhaust fan assembly 6 under strong suction. Simultaneously, foam is generated by opening the nozzles 8 on the top of the dust intake 3 and the top of the vehicle body 1, spraying foam from the rear of the vehicle body 2 and the front of the vehicle body 1, respectively. The large surface area of ​​the foam adsorbs dust particles in the air, which are then carried away by the foam's rupture or gravity, achieving settling.

[0036] The following is a detailed description of the implementation process of the purification device used for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels in this application; I. Preliminary Preparations: Equipment Assembly and Debugging (a) Assembly of the device: The vehicle body 1 (which can be tracked or wheeled and adapted to uneven ground in the tunnel) and the carriage 2 are fixedly connected by high-strength bolts to ensure that the connection rigidity meets the requirements of mobile operation in the tunnel; an installation port is reserved at the rear of the carriage 2, and the dust suction inlet 3 with the retractable corrugated section 13 is sealed and connected to the installation port. At the same time, at the position corresponding to the dust suction inlet 3 on the top of the carriage 2, the rear cylinder group 14 is fixed by the bracket, so that the telescopic end of the cylinder is welded and fixed to the top of the dust suction inlet 3, ensuring that the telescopic action can drive the outer port of the dust suction inlet 3 to achieve vertical height adjustment within the range of 0.5-3m.

[0037] Internal system installation: Inside the carriage 2, a suction fan unit 4, a dust adsorption box 5, and an exhaust fan unit are installed according to a preset layout: The suction fan unit 4 is fixed between the tail end of the dust suction inlet 3 and the inlet end of the dust adsorption box 5 via a shock-absorbing bracket, ensuring that the fan outlet and the inlet end of the dust adsorption box 5 are sealed together to prevent dust leakage; multiple dust adsorption units 5-1 (such as fiber filter cartridges, activated carbon adsorption plates, etc.) are vertically installed inside the dust adsorption box 5, ensuring that each unit can be flexibly inserted along the sliding groove on the inner wall of the adsorption box without jamming; the exhaust fan unit 6 is fixed at the tail end of the dust adsorption box 5, and its air outlet is aligned with the exhaust outlet 7 at the top front end of the carriage 2. An exhaust cover 15 is installed at the exhaust outlet 7 via a hinge. At the same time, a front cylinder assembly 16 is fixed at the top of the carriage 2, so that the extension end of the cylinder is bolted to the outside of the exhaust cover 15 to realize the automatic opening and closing of the exhaust cover 15.

[0038] Foam generation system integration: The water tank 9, foaming agent tank 10, mixing tank 11, and foam generator 12 are fixed in the empty area inside the carriage 2 by brackets and connected in sequence by pipelines: the outlets of the water tank 9 and foaming agent tank 10 are respectively connected to the mixing tank 11 through pipelines with flow valves, and the outlet of the mixing tank 11 is connected to the inlet of the foam generator 12; the foam outlet of the foam generator 12 is connected to the nozzle 8 on the top of the dust suction inlet 3 (facing the rear of the carriage 2) and the nozzle 8 on the top of the vehicle body 1 (facing the front of the vehicle body 1) through pressure-resistant hoses, ensuring that there is no leakage in the pipeline. The angle of the nozzle 8 can be finely adjusted (range ±15°) to cover a wider dust suppression area.

[0039] (II) Equipment Commissioning Mechanical system debugging: Start the walking system of vehicle body 1 and test its stability of starting, stopping, turning and constant speed walking in the tunnel (simulating the working conditions of slope ≤15° and road surface with gravel); control the extension and retraction of the rear cylinder group 14 and observe whether the dust suction inlet 3 moves smoothly up and down along the corrugated section 13 and whether the height adjustment accuracy of the outer port meets the ±50mm requirement; control the extension and retraction of the front cylinder group 16 and check whether the exhaust cover 15 rotates smoothly around the hinge and whether the exhaust port 7 opens and closes completely (the sealing gap is ≤2mm when closed).

[0040] Functional system debugging Fan unit commissioning: Start the suction fan unit 4 and the exhaust fan unit 6. Use an anemometer to detect the intake air velocity at the dust inlet 3 (≥8m / s) and the exhaust air velocity at the exhaust outlet 7 (≥5m / s) to ensure that the airflow forms a stable path in the carriage 2 without vortex dead zones. Foam system commissioning: Add clean water to water tank 9 and add tunnel-specific dust removal foaming agent (such as anionic surfactant) to foaming agent tank 10. Adjust the mixing ratio of water and foaming agent through the flow valve of mixing tank 11 (usually 100:1-50:1). Start foam generator 12 and observe whether nozzle 8 sprays uniform and dense foam (foam diameter 1-3mm, half-life ≥5min). Ensure that the spray coverage of the front and rear nozzles overlaps by ≥1.5m. Adsorption unit debugging: Manually pull out each dust adsorption unit 5-1 and check whether its insertion resistance is ≤50N and whether the unit and the inner wall of the adsorption box are well sealed (gap ≤1mm).

[0041] II. Specific Implementation of the Three Operation Modes (a) Method 1: Dust adsorption and purification (applicable to daily working conditions where dust concentration in tunnels is ≤50mg / m³) Working condition judgment and positioning: Confirm the dust distribution area (such as the road dust area after vehicle passage, small support construction area) by using the dust concentration sensor in the tunnel (or observation by the operator), start the walking system of vehicle body 1, move the device to the downwind position of the area (ensure that the dust suction inlet 3 faces the dust source), stop the vehicle and lock the walking wheels / tracks.

[0042] Air intake and exhaust port adjustment: The control system sends a command to activate the extension and retraction of the rear cylinder group 14: If the dust is concentrated at a height of 0.5-1m above the ground (such as dust raised by vehicles), the cylinder is controlled to retract, causing the outer port of the dust intake 3 to drop to the corresponding height; if the dust is concentrated at a height of 1-3m (such as dust generated by small tunneling equipment), the cylinder is controlled to extend, raising the height of the intake port. After adjustment, the cylinder is locked.

[0043] At the same time, the front cylinder group 16 is activated to extend, causing the exhaust cover 15 to rotate upward around the hinge, fully opening the exhaust port 7 (opening degree ≥ 90°) to avoid obstruction of the exhaust airflow.

[0044] Adsorption and filtration operation: Start the suction fan unit 4 and the exhaust fan unit 6: Under the strong suction of the suction fan unit 4, dust in the tunnel enters the carriage 2 through the dust inlet 3 and the corrugated section 13 with the airflow. Then, the airflow carries the dust into the dust adsorption box 5. Through the physical interception (filter cartridge) and chemical adsorption (activated carbon) of multiple dust adsorption units 5-1, the dust particles in the airflow are removed (filtration efficiency ≥95%, PM2.5 removal rate ≥85%). The purified airflow is discharged from the carriage 2 through the exhaust port 7 under the suction of the exhaust fan unit 6, realizing the directional adsorption and purification of dust in the tunnel.

[0045] Operation monitoring and shutdown: The dust concentration of the purified airflow is monitored in real time by the dust concentration detector in the compartment 2. When the concentration is ≤0.5mg / m³ (meeting the requirements of "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace") and maintained for more than 30 minutes, the suction fan unit 4 and the exhaust fan unit 6 are shut down first. Then, the front cylinder group 16 is started to retract, which drives the exhaust cover 15 to close the exhaust port 7. Finally, the rear cylinder group 14 is started to reset the dust suction inlet 3 to the middle position, and the vehicle body 1 is controlled to move to the next work area or parking point.

[0046] (ii) Method 2: Dust suppression and purification (applicable to high-concentration working conditions in tunnels with dust concentration > 50 mg / m³, such as after blasting or during shield tunneling) Work area positioning: According to the tunnel construction progress (such as within 10 minutes after the blasting operation is completed), start vehicle 1 and move it quickly to the vicinity of the dust source (5-10m away from the dust concentration area). After stopping, adjust the orientation of the vehicle so that the top nozzle 8 of vehicle 1 faces the direction of dust diffusion and the top nozzle 8 of dust suction inlet 3 faces the rear of the dust source, forming a "front and rear surround" spraying range.

[0047] Foam system startup and operation: Solution preparation and foaming: The mixing ratio of water and foaming agent is set by the control system (adjusted to 50:1 under high-concentration dust conditions to enhance foam adsorption capacity), and the flow valves of water tank 9 and foaming agent tank 10 are opened to allow the mixture to enter the mixing tank 11 for thorough stirring (stirring speed 1500r / min, stirring time 30s), and then the mixture is transported to foam generator 12. Foam spraying: Start the foam generator 12, and the generated dense foam is transported to two sets of nozzles 8 through the pipeline. At the same time, open the nozzle valves. The nozzle 8 on the top of the vehicle body 1 sprays foam forward (coverage width ≥ 3m, spraying distance ≥ 8m), and the nozzle 8 on the top of the dust suction inlet 3 sprays foam backward (coverage width ≥ 2m, spraying distance ≥ 6m), forming a "foam curtain" covering the dust diffusion path.

[0048] Dust Settling and System Shutdown: The foam adsorbs airborne dust particles (including PM2.5 / PM10) through its huge specific surface area (200-300 times larger than the same volume of water). After adsorbing the dust, the foam gradually settles to the tunnel floor (or slides down the tunnel wall) due to its increased weight, preventing the dust from being stirred up again. The visibility is monitored by the visibility detector in the tunnel. When the visibility recovers to ≥50m (meeting the safety requirements for tunnel operations) and lasts for 20 minutes, the foam generator 12 and the nozzle valve are shut off first, then the flow valves of the water tank and foaming agent tank are closed, and finally the vehicle body 1 is moved to a safe area to clean the residual foam from the nozzle 8 (to avoid pipe blockage).

[0049] (III) Method 3: Dust adsorption and purification + foam dust suppression synergistic operation (applicable to extreme working conditions where dust concentration in tunnels is >100mg / m³, such as large-scale blasting or simultaneous operation of multiple equipment) Preliminary preparation and positioning Start the vehicle and move it to a position 3-5 meters downwind of the dust source. After stopping, simultaneously complete the following two adjustments: Adsorption system adjustment: Start the rear cylinder group 14 and lower the dust suction inlet 3 to the height of the highest dust concentration (usually 1-2m, confirmed on-site by a portable dust detector), and start the front cylinder group 16 to open the exhaust cover 15. Foam system preparation: Replenish raw materials to water tank 9 and foaming agent tank 10, set the mixing ratio to 40:1 (to enhance foam viscosity under extreme conditions), and complete the mixing of the mixture in mixing tank 11 in advance.

[0050] Dual system coordinated operation Adsorption system startup: Simultaneously start the suction fan unit 4 and the exhaust fan unit 6 to form a stable airflow channel from the dust inlet 3 to the exhaust outlet 7, and directionally adsorb high concentration dust in the tunnel, which is then initially filtered through the dust adsorption box 5; Foam system startup: After the adsorption system has been running for 10 seconds (ensuring stable airflow), start the foam generator 12 and two sets of nozzles 8 to spray high-density foam forward and backward. Under the guidance of the airflow of the adsorption system, the foam can more efficiently cover the dust diffusion area. On the one hand, the foam adsorbs the dust that has not been sucked in, and on the other hand, it prevents the dust from escaping with the airflow during the adsorption process, forming a dual purification effect of "adsorption + interception".

[0051] Operation Control and Shutdown: Real-time monitoring is conducted using a dust concentration detector in carriage 2 and a visibility detector in the tunnel. If the dust concentration in the purified airflow is >1mg / m³, the power of the suction fan unit 4 can be increased (to enhance suction). If the foam settling speed is slow, the proportion of foaming agent can be appropriately increased (to increase the weight of the foam). When the dust concentration in the tunnel is ≤0.5mg / m³ and the visibility is ≥80m, after maintaining this for 30 minutes, first close the foam generator 12 and the nozzle valve, then continue running the adsorption system for 10 minutes (to adsorb residual dust). Subsequently, the fan unit is turned off, the height of the suction inlet and the outer cover of the exhaust outlet are adjusted, and finally the vehicle body is moved and the equipment is cleaned.

[0052] III. Equipment Maintenance and Support Implementation (a) Replacement of dust adsorption unit: When the differential pressure sensor in the dust adsorption box 5 shows a resistance > 1500Pa (indicating that the adsorption unit is saturated), with the device shut down, open the maintenance door on the side of the dust adsorption box 5, manually pull out the saturated dust adsorption unit 5-1 (each group is independently designed and can be replaced individually without disassembling the entire box), replace it with a new adsorption unit, close the maintenance door, start the adsorption system to test the sealing performance (to ensure no dust leakage), the entire maintenance process ≤ 15min, without interrupting tunnel operations.

[0053] (II) Foam system replenishment and inspection: After every 8 hours of operation (or when the foam spray volume reaches 500L), stop the machine and check the liquid levels of water tank 9 and foaming agent tank 10: If the water level is lower than 1 / 3 and the foaming agent level is lower than 1 / 4, clean water (meeting industrial water standards) and special dust removal foaming agent should be added in time; at the same time, check the filter screen of foam generator 12 (to prevent impurities from clogging) and the nozzle of spray head 8 (if there is clogging, use high-pressure air to blow it back) to ensure that the foam generation and spraying functions are normal.

[0054] (iii) Regular system checks A comprehensive inspection will be conducted once a week: Mechanical components: Check the extension and retraction performance of the rear cylinder group 14 and the front cylinder group 16 (whether there is any jamming or air leakage), the sealing condition of the corrugated section 13 (whether there is any damage), and the hinge connection of the exhaust cover 15 (whether there is any looseness). Functional components: Test the noise (≤85dB) and vibration (amplitude ≤0.1mm) of the suction fan unit 4 and the exhaust fan unit 6, check the integrity of the filter material of the dust adsorption unit 5-1 (whether there is any damage), and check the sealing of the joints of the foam pipeline (whether there is any leakage). Control system: Check whether the cylinder control button, blower start / stop switch, and foam system parameter setting functions are normal to ensure that the whole unit is in a stable operating state.

[0055] This application forms an integrated dust suppression system combining points, lines, and surfaces, which is described technically below; Addressing the challenges of long, deep-buried tunnels with their narrow spaces, high dust concentrations, and uneven distribution, this technology utilizes specialized purification devices to construct a comprehensive dust suppression system that combines point, line, and surface approaches. Through precise targeted treatment, continuous dynamic operation, and multi-dimensional synergy of full-area purification, it achieves efficient dust control within the tunnel. The specific technical architecture and implementation logic are as follows: I. Core Technical Architecture: Three-Dimensional Collaborative Design of Points, Lines, and Surfaces (I) "Point" level precision purification module: targeted breakthrough in key dust areas The "point" level module focuses on specific locations where dust is concentrated, achieving precise adsorption and deep treatment. It relies on two core functional components: Adjustable dust adsorption target: The dust suction inlet is linked to the rear cylinder group through a retractable corrugated section, which can flexibly adjust the height of the outer port and accurately target specific points with high dust concentration in the tunnel (such as near the construction face, equipment operation points, etc.) to form a targeted adsorption channel and improve the capture efficiency of local high-concentration dust.

[0056] Modular deep filtration unit: Multiple independent dust adsorption units are arranged vertically inside the dust adsorption box, which can perform point-to-point deep filtration of the inhaled dust. Each unit can move and interweave independently, which facilitates targeted maintenance and optimization for points with different dust particle sizes, ensuring filtration accuracy.

[0057] (ii) Line-level continuous purification module: a dynamic operation line spanning the entire length of the tunnel. The "line" level module, based on a mobile carrier, constructs a continuous cleanup operation link along the tunnel length, and its core functions are: Mobile operation carrier support: The vehicle equipped with a complete set of purification equipment can move freely inside the tunnel, forming a dynamically moving purification operation line along the tunnel axis, breaking through the spatial limitations of fixed purification equipment and adapting to the long-distance purification needs of extra-long tunnels.

[0058] Linear airflow transport channel: The suction fan unit and the exhaust fan unit work together to construct a linear airflow channel from the dust intake to the exhaust outlet, realizing the directional transport of dust and the orderly discharge of purified air along the tunnel axis, forming a continuous airflow purification link.

[0059] Adaptive linear adaptation structure: The length of the stretchable corrugated section adjusts as the vehicle moves, and in conjunction with the height adjustment of the dust suction inlet, it ensures the linear continuity of the adsorption operation when the vehicle moves to different positions in the tunnel, avoiding the interruption of purification due to movement.

[0060] (III) "Surface" level full-area coverage module: Constructing a three-dimensional purification network for tunnel cross sections The "surface" level module uses foam dust suppression as its core to achieve full-area dust coverage and settling within a certain area of ​​the tunnel. This is achieved through two main dimensions: Surface foam coating: The foam generation system mixes water, foaming agent, and compressed air to produce a large number of uniform microbubbles of 1-5mm. These bubbles are then sprayed through nozzles at the front and rear of the vehicle to form a surface foam coating area at the rear and front of the vehicle. Utilizing the foam's large specific surface area, it comprehensively adsorbs dust particles in the air, and then the dust settles throughout the entire area through foam rupture or its own weight.

[0061] Cross-sectional airflow diffusion layer: The exhaust vent is equipped with an adjustable exhaust cover, and the opening and closing angle is controlled by the front cylinder group, so that the purified air forms a uniformly diffused surface airflow along the tunnel cross-section, ensuring that clean air covers the tunnel cross-section area and avoiding uneven cleanliness in local areas.

[0062] II. Collaborative Dust Reduction Mechanism and Implementation Methods The core advantage of this technology lies in the organic synergy of point, line, and surface modules, rather than their independent operation. It adapts to different dust-related scenarios through three flexible implementation methods: (a) Method 1: Point-line synergistic adsorption and purification Relying on a linear mobile work line and airflow channels, the vehicle moves continuously along the tunnel length, while simultaneously capturing dust points along the path through adjustable point-level suction inlets. After deep filtration by modular adsorption units, clean air is discharged through a planar diffusion layer at the exhaust vent. This method is suitable for scenarios where dust distribution in tunnels is relatively dispersed but has localized concentration points, achieving precise and efficient purification along a linear path.

[0063] (ii) Method 2: Line-surface synergistic foam dust suppression Using a linear mobile vehicle as a carrier, a surface-level foam spraying system operates continuously along the tunnel length. The surface foam layer formed by the front and rear nozzles moves with the vehicle to achieve full coverage, thoroughly settling diffuse dust within the tunnel. This method is suitable for scenarios with low dust concentrations but wide distribution areas, preventing dust diffusion through surface coverage.

[0064] (III) Method 3: Point-line-surface multi-dimensional collaborative purification Integrating the functions of three major modules, a comprehensive purification system is formed, encompassing "targeted high-concentration dust removal, continuous linear operation, and full-area surface dust suppression." Based on the "linear" level channels created by the vehicle's movement, "point" level adsorption units precisely treat high-concentration dust particles, while a "surface" level foam layer covers the surrounding area to prevent dust diffusion. The purified air then spreads across the tunnel cross-section via a surface diffusion layer. This method is suitable for extreme scenarios with high dust concentrations and complex distributions, such as the construction of extra-long, deeply buried tunnels, maximizing dust suppression effectiveness.

[0065] III. Technological Adaptability and Advantages This integrated dust suppression technology, combining point, line, and surface approaches, precisely matches the narrow spaces and complex dust environments of extra-long, deeply buried tunnels, effectively addressing the shortcomings of traditional single dust suppression methods, such as insufficient precision, incomplete coverage, and lack of continuity. Through modular design and flexible implementation methods, it can overcome the challenges of handling localized high-concentration dust while achieving long-distance, large-scale, comprehensive purification, providing an efficient and comprehensive technical solution for environmental control within tunnels.

[0066] The social benefits obtained by this application will be described below; This application addresses the core challenges of environmental control within long, deeply buried tunnels, generating significant social benefits across four dimensions: personnel health protection, engineering safety, industry technology upgrading, and ecological and environmental contributions. The specific benefits are as follows: (i) Protect the life and health of tunnel workers and reduce the risk of occupational diseases. Long-distance, deep-buried tunnel construction has a long cycle (usually 3-8 years), and workers are exposed to high concentrations of dust for extended periods. The incidence of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis and chronic bronchitis is 2-3 times higher than the industry average. This device, through a dual purification mechanism of "adsorption + foam dust suppression," can reduce the dust concentration (especially PM2.5 / PM10) in the tunnel from 100-200 mg / m³ to below 0.5 mg / m³, far below the 10 mg / m³ limit stipulated in "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace Part 2: Physical Factors" (GBZ 2.2-2007).

[0067] From a societal perspective, the device can significantly reduce the incidence of occupational diseases in the tunnel industry, reduce labor loss and family burdens caused by pneumoconiosis, alleviate the pressure on the medical system for occupational disease treatment, embody the "people-oriented" infrastructure development concept, and help realize the "Healthy China" strategy in the field of engineering construction.

[0068] (ii) Improve the safety of tunnel construction and operation, and reduce the incidence of safety accidents. High concentrations of dust can reduce visibility in long, deep tunnels to 5-10m (normal safe visibility requires ≥50m), which can easily lead to safety accidents such as collisions of construction machinery, falls of personnel, and rear-end collisions of operating vehicles. According to industry statistics, such accidents account for more than 35% of the total number of tunnel engineering accidents.

[0069] This device ensures safety through two core functions: first, foam dust suppression can increase visibility to over 80m within 5-10 minutes, quickly restoring operational visibility; second, adsorption and purification can maintain a low-dust environment for a long time, preventing electromechanical equipment (lighting, communication, and tunneling equipment) from failing due to dust corrosion. From a social benefit perspective, the device can significantly reduce the accident rate in tunnel engineering, reduce casualties and property losses, ensure the stability of infrastructure construction and operation, and maintain public safety and order.

[0070] (III) Promote the technological upgrading of the tunnel environmental control industry and establish industry technology benchmarks. In the current field of dust control in long, deeply buried tunnels, traditional technologies (fixed ventilation, manual water spraying) suffer from low efficiency and poor adaptability. The industry urgently needs innovative solutions that are "multifunctional, mobile, and intelligent." This device is the first to achieve an integrated design of "mobile carrier + dual purification system + automatic adjustment structure," solving the pain points of traditional technologies such as "narrow coverage, limited functionality, and inconvenient maintenance." The mobile vehicle design breaks the spatial limitations of fixed devices, providing a technological paradigm for "point-to-point" cleaning of extra-long tunnels; Independent, interlocking dust adsorption units and automatically opening and closing exhaust covers are among the structural features that drive the upgrade of tunnel purification equipment from "manual operation" to "automatic maintenance".

[0071] This technology can serve as an industry benchmark, driving the technological research and development of upstream and downstream industrial chains (such as tunnel-specific foaming agents, high-efficiency adsorption materials, and cylinder control components), enhancing my country's independent innovation capabilities in the field of extra-long and deep-buried tunnel equipment, and strengthening international competitiveness.

[0072] (iv) Implement the concept of ecological and environmental protection, and reduce resource consumption and environmental impact. Traditional tunnel water spraying for dust suppression consumes 50-100 tons of water per kilometer per operation, while extra-long tunnels (over 10 kilometers) consume more than 500 tons of water per day. Excess water can easily seep into the soil around the tunnel, affecting the groundwater environment. At the same time, untreated dust can spread to the area around the tunnel entrance with the tunnel ventilation, easily causing regional air pollution.

[0073] This device reduces environmental burden through two major environmentally friendly designs: first, foam dust suppression uses only 1 / 10 of the water required for traditional water spraying, saving over 450 tons of water per day in a 10-kilometer tunnel, aligning with the national water resource strategy of "prioritizing water conservation"; second, adsorption purification allows for centralized dust collection (the dust adsorption unit is recyclable), preventing dust emissions from polluting the surrounding environment. From a social benefit perspective, the device achieves synergistic development between "engineering construction and ecological protection," contributing to the infrastructure industry's transformation towards "green and low-carbon" practices, and meeting the industry's development requirements under the "dual carbon" goal.

[0074] The following explains the value of this application. This application addresses four core needs: adaptability, economy, convenience, and efficiency, providing highly practical solutions for tunnel construction and operation units. Specific benefits are as follows: (i) Strong adaptability: Precisely matches the complex environment of extra-long and deep-buried tunnels, solving the problem that traditional devices are "unusable". Long, deep-buried tunnels are characterized by "enclosed spaces, uneven dust distribution, and varied operating scenarios," making traditional fixed adsorption devices (coverage range ≤ 50 meters) and sprinkler systems (which can cause water accumulation and impede passage) unsuitable. This device achieves full-scenario adaptability through multi-dimensional design: Mobile Adaptability: Tracked / wheeled vehicles can travel stably on slopes ≤15° and gravel roads in tunnels, covering any dusty area in tunnels over 10 kilometers long, without the need to deploy multiple sets of fixed equipment; Highly adaptable: The rear cylinder assembly drives the dust suction inlet to achieve a height adjustment of 0.5-3m, which can accurately capture ground dust (0.5-1m) and tunneling equipment dust (1-3m) to avoid "missing capture"; Operating conditions adaptable: The three operating modes (individual adsorption, individual dust suppression, and synergistic purification) can be flexibly switched according to the dust concentration (low concentration ≤50mg / m³, high concentration >100mg / m³), which can meet the needs of daily maintenance and cope with extreme dust conditions after blasting.

[0075] For users, the device does not require additional modifications due to the tunnel environment and can be put into use directly, solving the core pain point of traditional equipment being "difficult to adapt and unusable".

[0076] (ii) High economic efficiency: Reduces equipment investment and operating costs, solving the problem of "high cost" in traditional solutions. Traditional dust control in long, deeply buried tunnels requires simultaneous investment in fixed ventilation fans (costing 500,000-1,000,000 yuan per unit), water spraying systems (costing 200,000-300,000 yuan per kilometer for pipelines and water pumps), and fixed adsorption boxes (costing 100,000-150,000 yuan per unit, requiring the deployment of 20-30 units), with equipment investment exceeding 500,000 yuan per kilometer. Furthermore, the water consumption of water spraying and the replacement of the entire adsorption box (costing 20,000-30,000 yuan per maintenance) further increase operating costs.

[0077] This device significantly reduces costs through integrated design: Low equipment investment cost: A single unit integrates adsorption, dust suppression, and mobility functions, and can replace 20-30 fixed adsorption boxes + 1 set of water spraying system. The equipment investment for a 10-kilometer tunnel can be reduced by 60%-70%. Low operating costs: Foam dust suppression saves 90% of water, saving more than 160,000 tons of water per year for a 10-kilometer tunnel (calculated based on 360 days of construction per year), saving 100,000 to 150,000 yuan in water costs; the adsorption unit can be replaced independently (single maintenance cost of 3,000 to 5,000 yuan), reducing maintenance costs by more than 80%.

[0078] For users (construction companies and operating units), the equipment can significantly reduce upfront investment and long-term operating costs, thereby improving the economic benefits of the project.

[0079] (III) High Convenience: Simplifies equipment maintenance and operation procedures, solving the problem of "difficult maintenance" of traditional equipment. Traditional dust adsorption devices require complete disassembly of the housing to replace the filter material (each maintenance takes 4-6 hours and requires downtime), and water spraying systems require manual inspection of pipeline leaks (time-consuming and labor-intensive). In addition, the limited working space in long and deep buried tunnels further increases the difficulty of maintenance.

[0080] This device achieves "convenient operation and maintenance" through structural optimization: Easy maintenance: The carriage 2 has an openable side 2-1, which allows direct access to the internal equipment; the dust adsorption unit 5-1 can be independently inserted and pulled out, and a single replacement only takes 15-20 minutes without stopping the machine (it can be replaced while working), greatly reducing downtime losses; Easy to operate: The front-end cylinder group automatically controls the opening and closing of the exhaust cover, and the rear-end cylinder group automatically adjusts the height of the air intake, eliminating the need for manual operation in dangerous areas of the tunnel; the foam system automatically adjusts the ratio of water to foaming agent through the flow valve, eliminating the need for manual liquid preparation.

[0081] For users, the device can reduce maintenance manpower (reducing maintenance personnel by 50%), shorten maintenance time, avoid construction delays caused by maintenance, and improve project progress efficiency.

[0082] (iv) High efficiency: Rapid purification and long-term stable operation solve the problem of "low efficiency" in traditional solutions. Traditional fixed ventilators require 2-3 hours to dilute local dust, and the dust is easily stirred up again after water is sprayed to suppress dust (poor purification stability), which cannot meet the needs of "rapid dust control and long-term dust stabilization" for extra-long and deeply buried tunnels.

[0083] This device improves efficiency through a dual mechanism: Rapid purification: Foam dust suppression can reduce high concentrations of dust (>200mg / m³) to a safe level within 5-10 minutes, and adsorption purification can achieve "real-time adsorption-real-time discharge", with a purification speed 12-15 times that of traditional ventilators; Stable operation: Multiple adsorption units in the dust adsorption box work together to achieve a dust filtration efficiency of ≥95% and a foam half-life of ≥5 minutes (not easily broken), which can maintain a low dust environment for a long time and avoid secondary dust.

[0084] For users, the device can quickly restore tunnel working conditions (such as resuming work within 10 minutes after blasting), improve construction progress (increase annual construction efficiency by 15%-20%); at the same time, the long-term stable low dust environment can extend the service life of electromechanical equipment (extend by 30%-50%), reduce equipment maintenance costs, and further improve the overall benefits of the project.

[0085] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A purification device for controlling the environment inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels, characterized in that; The device includes a vehicle body (1) capable of traveling inside a long, deep-buried tunnel. A compartment (2) for purifying dust inside the tunnel is fixedly installed on the vehicle body (1). A dust suction inlet (3) for adsorbing dust inside the tunnel into the compartment (2) is installed at the rear of the compartment (2). The compartment (2) is equipped with a suction fan unit (4), a dust adsorption box (5), and an exhaust fan unit (6). An exhaust vent (7) is provided at the top front of the compartment (2). The suction fan unit (4) corresponds to the rear end of the dust suction inlet (3) and the inlet end of the dust adsorption box (5). The exhaust fan unit (6) is located at the tail of the dust adsorption box (5) and opposite to the exhaust port (7). Under the strong suction of the suction fan unit (4), the dust is adsorbed from the outside into the dust adsorption box (5) through the dust inlet (3). After adsorption and filtration, the dust is discharged from the carriage (2) through the exhaust port (7) under the strong suction of the exhaust fan unit (6). A foam generating system is also installed in the carriage (2). At the same time, nozzles (8) for spraying foam to the rear of the carriage (2) and the front of the vehicle body (1) are installed on the top of the dust inlet (3) and the top of the vehicle body (1), respectively.

2. The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that; The foam generating system consists of a water tank (9), a foaming agent tank (10), a mixing tank (11), and a foam generator (12), which is connected to the corresponding nozzle (8) through a pipeline.

3. The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that; Multiple dust adsorption units (5-1) capable of adsorbing dust are arranged vertically inside the dust adsorption box (5). Each dust adsorption unit (5-1) can move and intersect independently inside the dust adsorption box (5).

4. The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that; A retractable corrugated section (13) is added between the dust inlet (3) and the rear of the carriage (2), and a rear cylinder assembly (14) is set on the top of the carriage (2). The telescopic end of the rear cylinder assembly (14) is fixed to the top of the dust inlet (3). The telescopic movement of the rear cylinder assembly (14) can drive the dust inlet (3) to move, thereby causing the outer port of the dust inlet (3) to be adjusted up and down, thus changing the height of dust adsorption.

5. The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that; An exhaust cover (15) is provided at the exhaust vent (7). The lower edge of the exhaust cover (15) is connected to the top of the carriage (2) by a hinge to form a rotatable connection. A front cylinder assembly (16) is provided at the top of the carriage (2). The telescopic end of the front cylinder assembly (16) is fixed to the outside of the exhaust cover (15). The telescopic movement of the front cylinder assembly (16) can drive the exhaust cover (15) to move at the exhaust vent (7), thereby automatically opening and closing the exhaust vent (7).

6. The purification device for environmental control inside extra-long, deep-buried tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that; The carriage (2) has an openable side (2-1), which facilitates the maintenance of the internal equipment.

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