Activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction organic tail gas

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of resource recycling and environmental protection, in particular to a vanadium extraction organic tail gas active carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower, which comprises a filter tower mechanism, the filter tower mechanism is communicated with a cryogenic tower through a pipeline, the pipeline is arranged at the top of the filter tower mechanism and the cryogenic tower, and a tail gas purifier is arranged on one side of the pipeline; the cryogenic tower, the pipeline and the flow guide cover and other components are arranged, the flow guide cover and the pipeline are matched with each other, the flow guide cover can guide the tail gas into the pipeline, and then the tail gas treated by the filter tower mechanism is transported into the cryogenic tower through the pipeline. The cryogenic tower can perform deep condensation treatment on the residual organic tail gas after filtration through an ultralow-temperature environment, so that the recyclable components in the organic tail gas are condensed and liquefied, and the device can efficiently recycle the screened organic components through low-temperature condensation, the emission of the organic tail gas is reduced, and the resource utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of resource recycling and environmental protection technology, and in particular to an activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] The vanadium extraction process generates exhaust gases containing various organic compounds. These gases are complex and potentially hazardous; direct emission not only pollutes the environment but also wastes resources. Currently, traditional exhaust gas treatment methods are insufficient in terms of organic component recovery efficiency and purification effectiveness. Some processes struggle to simultaneously achieve efficient dust removal, deep organic component recovery, and low energy consumption. For example, adsorption alone may not adequately remove dust impurities from the exhaust gas, affecting subsequent recovery; while simple cooling recovery is insufficient for pre-purification, leading to equipment blockage and reduced processing efficiency.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors have discovered the following drawbacks: the existing devices do not employ a combination design similar to that of inclined spray heads, capillary tubes, and porous activated carbon filter cakes, resulting in poor dust removal performance of exhaust gas, failure to fully utilize the adsorption capacity of activated carbon, and inability to effectively remove fine particles and impurities from the exhaust gas.

[0004] The lack of a function to pre-cool the exhaust gas through liquid spraying results in a high temperature of the exhaust gas before it enters the cryogenic tower, which increases the load on the cryogenic tower and affects the efficiency of cryogenic recovery. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this application provides an activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas.

[0006] The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic waste gas provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic waste gas includes a filter tower mechanism. The filter tower mechanism is connected to a cryogenic tower via a conduit. The conduit is located at the top of both the filter tower mechanism and the cryogenic tower. A waste gas purifier is installed on one side of the conduit. The filter tower mechanism includes a filter tower shell for containing waste gas, an activated carbon adsorption component for treating waste gas, and a recovery component for collecting waste liquid. The activated carbon adsorption component includes a spray head inclined downwards at 30°, a capillary tube for guiding liquid into the filter disc, and a filter disc that works with the liquid to remove dust from the waste gas. The filter disc is composed of multiple porous activated carbon filter cakes. Through capillary action, the moisture in the capillary tube spreads to the entire activated carbon filter cake, and the liquid works with the waste gas to remove dust and adsorb impurities in the waste gas. The filter disc is fixedly installed inside the filter tower shell. A hole is opened through the top of each filter disc, and the capillary tube is fixedly sleeved inside the hole of the filter disc.

[0007] Optionally, the recovery assembly includes an air inlet pipe fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter tower shell, a funnel for collecting waste liquid dripping from the filter disc, a guide ring for guiding the exhaust gas in a spiral upward motion, and a drain pipe for discharging the waste liquid. The air inlet pipe and the drain pipe are symmetrically arranged. The guide ring is fixedly sleeved on one side of the funnel. The funnel collects the waste liquid dripping from the filter disc and concentrates the waste liquid for discharge through the drain pipe. The guide ring consists of a positioning ring and multiple exhaust gas guide pipes inclined at 45°. The bottom of the funnel is connected to the drain pipe.

[0008] Optionally, an inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell. The inlet pipe supplies liquid to the liquid supply ring, ensuring that there is sufficient liquid in the filter tower to participate in the exhaust gas treatment process. The liquid supply ring is connected to the spray head.

[0009] Optionally, the filter disc is composed of multiple porous activated carbon filter cakes, and the activated carbon filter cakes guide the moisture from the capillaries to spread throughout the entire activated carbon filter cake via capillary action. The capillaries guide the liquid into the filter disc, providing liquid to the filter disc and assisting in the filtration and adsorption processes.

[0010] Optionally, a flow guide shroud is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell. The flow guide shroud is installed on the top of the filter tower shell and communicates with the duct to guide the exhaust gas into the duct, ensuring that the exhaust gas smoothly enters the cryogenic tower. The flow guide shroud is connected to the duct.

[0011] Optionally, the filter disc cools the exhaust gas inside the filter tower shell to 4-10°C using liquid sprayed from the spray head.

[0012] Optionally, the duct guides the exhaust gas inside the filter tower mechanism to the interior of the cryogenic tower, which further cools the exhaust gas to -75°C.

[0013] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects: 1. This utility model, by incorporating components such as a cryogenic tower, duct, and flow guide, utilizes the cooperative relationship between the flow guide and the duct to guide the exhaust gas into the duct, which then transports the treated exhaust gas from the filtration tower mechanism to the interior of the cryogenic tower. The cryogenic tower performs deep condensation treatment on the residual organic exhaust gas after filtration in an ultra-low temperature environment, causing the recyclable components to condense and liquefy. This achieves the effect of efficiently recovering the screened organic components through low-temperature condensation, reducing organic exhaust gas emissions and improving resource utilization efficiency.

[0014] 2. This utility model, by incorporating components such as a cryogenic tower and a filter tower, and through the cooperative relationship between the filter tower and the cryogenic tower, enables the filter tower to perform preliminary purification of the exhaust gas via activated carbon adsorption components. The pre-treated exhaust gas is then transported to the cryogenic tower via a conduit. The cryogenic tower deeply cools the pre-treated exhaust gas in an ultra-low temperature environment, further condensing and separating its complex components. This achieves the effect of deep purification and effective recovery of organic exhaust gas generated during vanadium extraction through a staged treatment process, improving the overall system's processing efficiency and environmental performance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the filter tower mechanism in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure installation of the filter tower mechanism in an embodiment of this application; Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Filter tower mechanism; 101. Filter tower shell; 102. Air inlet pipe; 103. Liquid outlet pipe; 104. Funnel; 105. Guide ring; 106. Filter plate; 107. Capillary tube; 108. Liquid inlet pipe; 109. Liquid supply ring; 110. Spray head; 111. Flow guide hood; 2. Conduit; 3. Cryogenic tower; 4. Exhaust gas purifier. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-4 This application will be described in further detail.

[0017] This application discloses an activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas.

[0018] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-4 An activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas includes a filter tower mechanism 1, which is connected to a cryogenic tower 3 via a conduit 2. The conduit 2 is located at the top of both the filter tower mechanism 1 and the cryogenic tower 3, and a tail gas purifier 4 is installed on one side of the conduit 2. The filter tower mechanism 1 includes a filter tower shell 101 for containing tail gas, an activated carbon adsorption assembly for treating tail gas, and a recovery assembly for collecting waste liquid. The activated carbon adsorption assembly includes a spray head 110 inclined downward at 30°, a capillary tube 107 for guiding liquid into a filter disc 106, and a filter disc 106 for dust removal of tail gas in conjunction with the liquid. The filter disc 106 is fixedly installed inside the filter tower shell 101, and a hole is opened through the top of each filter disc 106. The capillary tube 107 is fixedly sleeved inside the hole of the filter disc 106, guiding liquid into the filter disc 106 to provide liquid to the filter disc 106 and assisting in the filtration and adsorption process.

[0019] The recovery assembly includes an air inlet pipe 102 fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter tower shell 101, a funnel 104 for collecting waste liquid dripping from the filter plate 106, a guide ring 105 for guiding the exhaust gas to rise in a spiral shape, and a drain pipe 103 for discharging the waste liquid. The air inlet pipe 102 and the drain pipe 103 are symmetrically arranged. The guide ring 105 is fixedly sleeved on one side of the funnel 104. The guide ring 105 is composed of a positioning ring and multiple exhaust gas guide pipes set at an inclination of 45°. The bottom of the funnel 104 is connected to the drain pipe 103. The funnel 104 collects the waste liquid dripping from the filter plate 106 and concentrates the waste liquid for discharge through the drain pipe 103.

[0020] In the production of vanadium batteries, high-temperature exhaust gases containing volatile organic compounds and dust are generated during electrolyte preparation and electrode coating. The equipment usage process is as follows: The exhaust gas enters the filter tower mechanism 1 through the air inlet pipe 102 at the bottom of the filter tower shell 101.

[0021] The 45° inclined exhaust gas guide pipe of the guide ring 105 forces the exhaust gas to rise in a spiral shape, prolonging the residence time and enhancing the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0022] The inlet pipe 108 delivers cooling water (or cryogenic circulating fluid) to the supply ring 109, and the liquid is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the filter plate 106 through the spray head 110 tilted at 30°.

[0023] The filter disc 106 is composed of a porous activated carbon filter cake. The liquid diffuses to the entire filter cake through the capillary action of the capillary tube 107, forming a wet adsorption layer.

[0024] The spray liquid cools the high-temperature exhaust gas to 4-10℃, while the droplets collide with the airflow to trap dust particles, achieving initial cooling and dust removal.

[0025] The moistened activated carbon filter cake physically adsorbs organic matter such as acetone and toluene in the exhaust gas. After purification, the gas enters the cryogenic tower 3 through the guide hood 111 and the duct 2.

[0026] Waste liquid carrying dust and some organic matter is collected by funnel 104, discharged through drain pipe 103 and sent to wastewater treatment system for solid-liquid separation.

[0027] The cryogenic tower 3 further cools the exhaust gas to -75°C, allowing residual organic matter to be condensed and recovered, and the final emission gas meets environmental protection standards.

[0028] It is worth noting that the exhaust gas from the vanadium extraction process contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter, dust, and other harmful substances (including acidic gases or trace metal compounds). The spray liquid in filter tower 1 removes particulate matter and dust from the exhaust gas, while the moistened activated carbon filter cake removes organic matter such as acetone and toluene. The exhaust gas purifier 4 includes a wet scrubber, a high-efficiency demister, and a modified activated carbon adsorber connected in sequence. The wet scrubber is connected to filter tower 1 via conduit 2, and the modified activated carbon adsorber is connected to cryogenic tower 3. The exhaust gas is purified by filter tower 1. The exhaust gas will then enter the wet scrubber through duct 2. The wet scrubber is used to remove acidic gases, soluble metal compounds, and large-diameter spray droplets. The high-efficiency demister is used to remove residual spray droplets (containing adsorbed metal / acidic components). The modified activated carbon adsorber is used to remove residual acidic gases and trace organic matter. The exhaust gas purified by the exhaust gas purifier 4 enters the cryogenic tower 3. The cryogenic tower 3 is used to perform deep condensation treatment (cooling to -75℃) on the exhaust gas pretreated by the filter tower mechanism 1 to liquefy and recover organic components (such as VOCs), thereby achieving comprehensive treatment of the exhaust gas.

[0029] Example 2 Please see Figures 1-4 A liquid inlet pipe 108 is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell 101. The liquid inlet pipe 108 provides liquid to the liquid supply ring 109, which is connected to the spray head 110.

[0030] The filter disc 106 is composed of multiple porous activated carbon filter cakes, and the activated carbon filter cakes guide the moisture from the capillary tube 107 to spread throughout the entire activated carbon filter cake through capillary action.

[0031] A flow guide shroud 111 is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell 101, and the flow guide shroud 111 is connected to the conduit 2.

[0032] The filter plate 106 cools the exhaust gas inside the filter tower shell 101 to 4-10°C by spraying liquid through the spray head 110.

[0033] The conduit 2 guides the exhaust gas inside the filter tower mechanism 1 to the interior of the cryogenic tower 3, where the cryogenic tower 3 further cools the exhaust gas to -75°C.

[0034] In the vanadium alloy smelting process, the exhaust gas generated by the high-temperature smelting furnace contains oil mist, dust, and a small amount of vanadium pentoxide particles, requiring efficient purification. The equipment operation process is as follows: The smelting exhaust gas (approximately 120°C) enters the filter tower mechanism 1 through the air inlet pipe 102. The spiral guide design of the guide ring 105 slows down the airflow speed and avoids the impact of high temperature on the activated carbon filter cake.

[0035] The spray head 110 sprays an alkaline solution containing surfactants, which forms a wet adsorption layer through the activated carbon filter cake of the filter plate 106, intercepting oil mist and vanadium pentoxide particles.

[0036] After the spray liquid exchanges heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas, it cools down to 10°C, while the alkaline solution neutralizes the acidic components in the exhaust gas.

[0037] Activated carbon filter cake adsorbs residual volatile organic compounds (such as phenols) in the exhaust gas. After purification, the gas enters the cryogenic tower 3 through the guide hood 111 and the duct 2.

[0038] The waste liquid (containing oil, vanadium particles and alkaline solution) collected by funnel 104 is transported to sedimentation tank through drain pipe 103 to recover vanadium resources and regenerate alkaline solution.

[0039] The cryogenic tower 3 cools the exhaust gas to -75°C, completely separating residual organic matter, and the recovered condensate can be reused in the smelting process.

[0040] Further explanation is needed: the exhaust gas enters through the inlet pipe 102 at the bottom of the filter tower shell 101, and forms a spiral upward airflow through the spiral exhaust gas guide pipe of the guide ring 105, prolonging the residence time of the exhaust gas in the tower and increasing the contact efficiency with the treatment medium. The top liquid inlet pipe 108 delivers liquid to the liquid supply ring 109, and sprays it evenly onto the filter plate 106 through the spray head 110 at a 30° angle. The filter plate 106 is composed of a porous activated carbon filter cake. Through the capillary action of the capillary tube 107, the liquid spreads to the entire filter cake, forming a moist adsorption filter layer. The sprayed liquid cools the exhaust gas to 4-10℃, and at the same time... The contact between droplets and airflow traps dust particles, achieving dust removal and preliminary cooling. The activated carbon filter cake physically adsorbs organic components in the exhaust gas in a moist state. The purified exhaust gas enters the cryogenic tower 3 through the top guide hood 111 and the duct 2. The waste liquid carrying dust and some organic matter during the filtration process is collected through the funnel 104 and discharged for recycling through the drain pipe 103, realizing solid-liquid separation and resource recycling. This mechanism completes the pretreatment of exhaust gas through gas-liquid contact, activated carbon adsorption, and spiral guide design, providing clean and low-temperature gas source conditions for the subsequent low-temperature recovery of the cryogenic tower 3, significantly improving the overall system's treatment efficiency and recovery effect.

[0041] The implementation principle of the activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas in this application embodiment is as follows: First, the exhaust gas is introduced. The exhaust gas enters the filter tower mechanism 1 through the air inlet pipe 102 at the bottom of the filter tower shell 101. Under the action of the guide ring 105, a spiral upward airflow is formed. The exhaust gas guide pipe is set at an angle of 45°, which prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas in the tower and creates more sufficient contact conditions for subsequent treatment.

[0042] Secondly, cooling and dust removal: the liquid inlet pipe 108 at the top delivers liquid to the liquid supply ring 109. The liquid is evenly sprayed onto the filter plate 106 through the spray head 110 tilted at 30°. The filter plate 106 is composed of a porous activated carbon filter cake. With the help of the capillary action of the capillary tube 107, the liquid spreads to the entire filter cake, forming a moist adsorption filter layer. In this process, the sprayed liquid cools the exhaust gas to 4-10°C. At the same time, the droplets come into contact with the airflow, trapping dust particles in the exhaust gas, thus achieving dust removal and preliminary cooling.

[0043] Next, organic matter is adsorbed. The activated carbon filter cake in a moist state exerts a physical adsorption effect to adsorb and purify the organic components in the exhaust gas, further improving the cleanliness of the exhaust gas.

[0044] Next, the gas is transported. The pre-treated exhaust gas is guided into the cryogenic tower 3 through the top guide shroud 111 and the duct 2 to prepare for subsequent deep treatment. During this process, the exhaust gas purifier 4 purifies the exhaust gas flowing into the cryogenic tower 3 from inside the duct 2 to further remove harmful substances from the exhaust gas.

[0045] Finally, waste liquid recycling and deep treatment: the waste liquid carrying dust and some organic matter generated during the filtration process is collected by funnel 104 and discharged for recycling through drain pipe 103, realizing solid-liquid separation and resource recycling. The cryogenic tower 3 further cools the introduced tail gas to -75℃, completing the deep recycling treatment of organic tail gas. The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas, comprising a filtration tower mechanism (1), characterized in that: The filter tower mechanism (1) is connected to the cryogenic tower (3) through the conduit (2). The conduit (2) is set at the top of the filter tower mechanism (1) and the cryogenic tower (3). A tail gas purifier (4) is set on one side of the conduit (2). The filter tower mechanism (1) includes a filter tower shell (101) for containing tail gas, an activated carbon adsorption component for treating tail gas, and a recovery component for collecting waste liquid. The activated carbon adsorption component includes a spray head (110) set at a 30° downward angle, a capillary tube (107) for guiding liquid into the filter plate (106), and a filter plate (106) for dust removal treatment of tail gas in conjunction with liquid. The filter plate (106) is fixedly installed inside the filter tower shell (101). The top of the filter plate (106) is provided with a hole. The capillary tube (107) is fixedly sleeved inside the hole of the filter plate (106).

2. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recovery assembly includes an air inlet pipe (102) fixedly installed at the bottom of the filter tower shell (101), a funnel (104) for collecting waste liquid dripping from the filter disc (106), a guide ring (105) for guiding the exhaust gas to rise in a spiral shape, and a drain pipe (103) for discharging the waste liquid. The air inlet pipe (102) and the drain pipe (103) are symmetrically arranged. The guide ring (105) is fixedly sleeved on one side of the funnel (104). The guide ring (105) is composed of a positioning ring and multiple exhaust gas guide pipes arranged at an inclination of 45°. The bottom of the funnel (104) is connected to the drain pipe (103).

3. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet pipe (108) is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell (101). The liquid inlet pipe (108) provides liquid to the liquid supply ring (109), which is connected to the spray head (110).

4. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter disc (106) is composed of multiple porous activated carbon filter cakes, and the activated carbon filter cakes guide the moisture from the capillary tube (107) to spread throughout the entire activated carbon filter cake through capillary action.

5. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flow guide shroud (111) is fixedly installed on the top of the filter tower shell (101), and the flow guide shroud (111) is connected to the conduit (2).

6. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter plate (106) cools the exhaust gas inside the filter tower shell (101) to 4-10°C by the liquid sprayed by the spray head (110).

7. The activated carbon adsorption-cryogenic recovery tower for vanadium extraction of organic tail gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conduit (2) guides the exhaust gas inside the filter tower mechanism (1) to the interior of the cryogenic tower (3), which further cools the exhaust gas to -75°C.

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