High-efficiency denitration reaction tower for biomass boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-efficiency denitration reaction towers for biomass boiler, it is related to flue gas denitration device technical field, including shell and the mixing chamber being opened in the inside of shell, the inside of shell is equipped with catalytic chamber, the inside of shell is symmetrically equipped with the dust removal chamber being communicated with mixing chamber;The utility model is by additionally adding dust removal chamber, and by the cyclone dust removal function formed by gas pipe in dust removal chamber and spiral baffle, the cyclone dust removal structure formed by gas pipe and spiral baffle, the flue gas before entering catalytic chamber can be dusted pretreatment, by centrifugal force effect separation most dust particles in flue gas, significantly reduce the dust amount entering catalytic chamber, reduce the physical scouring abrasion of dust to catalyst plate from source, reduce the accumulation of dust in catalyst plate pore, effectively guarantee the physical integrity and active site utilization rate of catalyst plate, guarantee the high efficiency of denitration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas denitrification devices, specifically a high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass fuel is widely used in industrial boilers due to its renewable and low-carbon emission characteristics. However, the combustion of biomass produces a large amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The flue gas from biomass boilers needs to undergo denitrification treatment to meet environmental emission standards. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology, due to its high denitrification efficiency and stable reaction, has become the core technology for denitrification of flue gas from biomass boilers. Its core principle is to use a catalyst to react a reducing agent (such as ammonia) with NO. The reaction produces harmless nitrogen gas and water.

[0003] However, in the flue gas produced by burning biomass fuels, besides NO... In addition, it contains a large amount of dust particles. In traditional SCR denitrification devices, dust-laden flue gas directly enters the catalytic chamber and comes into contact with the catalyst. The high-speed flue gas carries dust and directly washes over the catalyst surface, causing wear and peeling of the catalyst plates. Especially in areas with turbulent airflow, local wear is aggravated, which greatly shortens the physical service life of the catalyst. At the same time, dust is easy to deposit in the pore channels of the catalyst, causing blockage and reducing the contact area between the flue gas and the active sites of the catalyst, which directly leads to a decrease in denitrification efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a shell and a mixing chamber formed inside the shell, wherein a catalytic chamber is formed inside the shell; The shell has symmetrically arranged dust removal chambers that communicate with the mixing chamber. The dust removal chamber is equipped with an air duct, one end of which extends into the interior of the catalytic chamber. A spiral baffle is fixedly connected between the air duct and the dust removal chamber.

[0006] In a further embodiment, the interior of the mixing chamber is equipped with a spray grid, and the inlet pipe of the spray grid extends to the exterior of the housing.

[0007] In a further embodiment, the mixing chamber is equipped with a static gas mixer located on top of the spray grid, and a gas guide plate is fixed inside the mixing chamber and on top of the static gas mixer.

[0008] In a further embodiment, a flue gas rectifier is fixedly connected inside the catalytic chamber, and two catalyst plates are detachably connected inside the catalytic chamber and at the top of the flue gas rectifier.

[0009] In a further embodiment, the bottom of the housing is symmetrically equipped with a first hopper that communicates with the dust removal chamber. The bottom of the first hopper is connected to a discharge pipe, and a valve is installed on the surface of the discharge pipe.

[0010] In a further embodiment, a second hopper communicating with a mixing chamber is symmetrically mounted on the bottom of the housing. The bottom of the second hopper is connected to a waste discharge pipe, and a valve is installed on the surface of the waste discharge pipe.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the top of the housing is fitted with an exhaust hood that communicates with the catalytic chamber, and the top of the exhaust hood is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention adds a dust removal chamber and forms a cyclone dust removal function through the air duct and spiral baffle inside the chamber. Utilizing the cyclone dust removal structure formed by the air duct and spiral baffle, the flue gas before entering the catalytic chamber can be pre-treated for dust removal. Through centrifugal force, most of the dust particles in the flue gas are separated, significantly reducing the amount of dust entering the catalytic chamber. This reduces the physical erosion and wear of the catalyst plate by dust at the source, reduces the accumulation and blockage of dust in the pores of the catalyst plate, effectively ensures the physical integrity of the catalyst plate and the utilization rate of active sites, and ensures the high efficiency of denitrification. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the shell structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Mixing chamber; 3. Catalytic chamber; 4. Dust removal chamber; 5. Air duct; 6. Spiral baffle; 7. Spray grid; 8. Static gas mixer; 9. Air guide plate; 10. Flue gas rectifier; 11. Catalyst plate; 12. First hopper; 13. Discharge pipe; 14. Second hopper; 15. Waste discharge pipe; 16. Exhaust hood; 17. Exhaust pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] This embodiment discloses a high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers, including a shell 1 and a mixing chamber 2 formed inside the shell 1. A catalytic chamber 3 is also provided inside the shell 1. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in Figure 3, the shell 1 serves as the main supporting structure of the entire denitrification reaction tower, providing enclosed space for each internal chamber to ensure that the flue gas flows along a preset path within the device, while protecting internal components from external environmental influences. The shell 1 is the outermost structure of the entire device. The mixing chamber 2, catalytic chamber 3, dust removal chamber 4, etc., are all located inside the shell 1, serving as the carrier for each functional chamber. The mixing chamber 2 is mainly used to achieve thorough mixing of flue gas and reducing agents, such as ammonia solution. The reducing agent is sprayed through an internally assembled spray structure, causing the reducing agent to react with NO in the flue gas. Uniform contact lays the foundation for subsequent catalytic reactions. Mixing chamber 2, located inside shell 1, is the first core processing chamber after the flue gas enters the device. Catalytic chamber 3 is the core area for the denitrification reaction, achieving NO... The selective catalytic reduction reaction is carried out in a catalytic chamber 3 located inside the shell 1.

[0017] Preferably, a spray grille 7 is installed inside the mixing chamber 2, and the inlet pipe of the spray grille 7 extends to the outside of the housing 1. A static gas mixer 8 is installed inside the mixing chamber 2, located at the top of the spray grille 7. A gas guide plate 9 is fixedly connected inside the mixing chamber 2 and at the top of the static gas mixer 8. A second hopper 14, communicating with the mixing chamber 2, is symmetrically installed at the bottom of the housing 1. A waste discharge pipe 15 is connected to the bottom of the second hopper 14, and a valve is installed on the surface of the waste discharge pipe 15. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in Figure 3, the spray grid 7 acts as a spray component for a reducing agent, such as an ammonia solution. Through evenly distributed nozzles, it atomizes the reducing agent and sprays it into the mixing chamber 2, allowing the reducing agent to initially contact and mix with the flue gas entering the chamber. This provides a foundation for the subsequent efficient denitrification reaction. The spray grid 7 is installed inside the mixing chamber 2, specifically in the lower part, forming the initial mixing area after the flue gas enters. One end of its inlet pipe connects to the grid body, and the other end extends through the housing 1 to the outside, for connection to an external reducing agent supply system, enabling continuous input of the reducing agent. The static gas mixer 8, through internally fixed guide vanes or turbulence structures, further agitates the flue gas and reducing agent after initial mixing by the spray grid 7, breaking the laminar flow state and enhancing the turbulent mixing effect. This ensures uniform distribution of the reducing agent in the flue gas, avoiding excessively high or low local concentrations. The static gas mixer 8 is installed inside the mixing chamber 2 and located directly above the spray grid 7, forming a continuous process from spraying to mixing. It receives the gas-liquid mixture after pretreatment by spraying and further enhances the mixing. The guide plate 9 guides the mixing... The combined flue gas flows along a preset path to prevent eddies or dead zones from forming within the mixing chamber 2. Simultaneously, it provides preliminary rectification of the flue gas, ensuring a more even flow into the dust removal chamber 4 connected to the mixing chamber 2, thus improving subsequent dust removal efficiency. The guide plate 9 is fixed inside the mixing chamber 2 and located directly above the static gas mixer 8, at the junction of the mixing chamber 2 and the dust removal chamber 4. It directly receives the flue gas treated by the static mixer and guides it to the dust removal chambers 4 on both sides. The second hopper 14 collects the waste liquid generated within the mixing chamber 2. For example, the reducing agent solution that has not been completely evaporated after spraying, and coarse particulate impurities such as large-diameter dust that settle in the flue gas due to being moistened by spraying. To prevent impurities from accumulating at the bottom of the mixing chamber 2 and blocking the airflow channel, the second hopper 14 is symmetrically assembled at the bottom of the shell 1 and is directly connected to the bottom of the mixing chamber 2. It is located below the mixing chamber 2, forming a settling and collection path for waste from the mixing chamber 2 to enter the second hopper 14. The bottom of each second hopper 14 is connected to a waste discharge pipe 15, which is used to discharge the waste liquid and impurities collected in the second hopper 14 into the device.

[0018] More specifically, the interior of the shell 1 is symmetrically provided with dust removal chambers 4 that communicate with the mixing chamber 2. An air duct 5 is installed inside the dust removal chamber 4, with one end of the air duct 5 extending into the interior of the catalytic chamber 3. A spiral baffle 6 is fixedly connected between the air duct 5 and the dust removal chamber 4. Figure 2As shown in Figure 3, the dust removal chamber 4 serves as a pre-treatment area for flue gas dust removal. Utilizing the cyclone separation effect formed in conjunction with the air duct 5 and the spiral baffle 6, it separates dust particles carried in the flue gas, reducing the amount of dust entering the subsequent catalytic chamber 3 and protecting the catalyst plate 11. The dust removal chamber 4 is symmetrically located inside the shell 1 and directly connected to the mixing chamber 2. It receives the flue gas treated by the mixing chamber 2 and acts as an intermediate treatment link between the mixing chamber 2 and the catalytic chamber 3. The air duct 5 serves as a guide for the flue gas after dust removal. The cyclone separator transports the purified flue gas from the dust removal chamber 4 to the catalytic chamber 3. Simultaneously, its outer wall, in conjunction with the spiral baffle 6, forms a cyclone separation flow field. The exhaust pipe 5 is located in the central area of ​​the dust removal chamber 4, with one end connected to the interior space of the dust removal chamber 4 to receive the purified flue gas, and the other end extending axially into the catalytic chamber 3, directly guiding the flue gas into the catalytic reaction area. This forms the flue gas flow path: dust removal chamber 4 → exhaust pipe 5 → catalytic chamber 3. The spiral baffle 6 and the dust removal chamber 4... The inner wall and the outer wall of the air duct 5 work together to guide the flue gas entering the dust removal chamber 4 along a spiral path, generating centrifugal force. This centrifugal force causes dust particles in the flue gas to be thrown towards the inner wall of the dust removal chamber 4, achieving gas-solid separation. The spiral baffle 6 is fixed between the outer wall of the air duct 5 and the inner wall of the dust removal chamber 4, and is distributed in a spiral shape around the air duct 5, dividing the annular space of the dust removal chamber 4 into a spiral channel. This forces the flue gas to flow along a spiral trajectory, ensuring the centrifugal separation effect. The flue gas treated in the mixing chamber 2... Guided by the air guide plate 9, the flue gas enters the dust removal chamber 4. Due to the guiding effect of the spiral baffle 6, the flue gas moves in a high-speed spiral motion along the outer wall of the air duct 5 in the dust removal chamber 4. Dust particles are thrown towards the inner wall of the chamber and settle due to centrifugal force. The purified flue gas enters from the inlet of the air duct 5 and is transported to the catalytic chamber 3 for subsequent denitrification reaction. The three processes cooperate through spiral flow field formation → dust separation → clean gas transportation to achieve efficient dust removal pretreatment of the flue gas, directly serving the core objective of protecting the catalyst plate 11.

[0019] Furthermore, a flue gas rectifier 10 is fixedly connected inside the catalytic chamber 3. Two catalyst plates 11 are detachably connected inside the catalytic chamber 3 and at the top of the flue gas rectifier 10. A first hopper 12 communicating with the dust removal chamber 4 is symmetrically mounted at the bottom of the housing 1. A discharge pipe 13 is connected to the bottom of the first hopper 12, and a valve is installed on the surface of the discharge pipe 13. An exhaust hood 16 communicating with the catalytic chamber 3 is mounted at the top of the housing 1. An exhaust pipe 17 is connected to the top of the exhaust hood 16. Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown in Figure 3, the flue gas rectifier 10 is fixedly connected inside the catalytic chamber 3 and located at the lower part of the catalytic chamber 3. It is a flow field regulating component before the flue gas enters the catalytic reaction area. The flue gas rectifier 10 optimizes the flow field of the flue gas entering the catalytic chamber 3 through the air duct 5. By regulating the airflow direction and balancing the flow velocity distribution, the flue gas flows vertically and uniformly to the catalyst plate 11 above, avoiding uneven catalyst utilization or aggravated wear caused by local airflow turbulence. This provides stable flow field conditions for efficient catalytic reaction. There are two catalyst plates 11, which are detachably connected inside the catalytic chamber 3 and located directly above the flue gas rectifier 10. The two catalyst plates 11 are arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction to form a double-layer catalytic structure. Of course, the number of catalyst plates 11 can also be other. As the core carrier of the denitrification reaction, the active components on the surface of the catalyst plate 11 promote the denitrification of NO in the flue gas. A selective catalytic reduction reaction occurs with the reducing agent. The first hopper 12 is symmetrically assembled at the bottom of the shell 1 and directly connected to the bottom of the dust removal chamber 4. The first hopper 12 receives the dust separated from the dust removal chamber 4, collecting dust particles separated by the cyclone dust collector to prevent dust accumulation and blockage of the airflow channel within the dust removal chamber 4, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the dust removal chamber 4. One end of the discharge pipe 13 is connected to the bottom of the first hopper 12, and the other end extends to the outside of the shell 1. The discharge pipe 13 is used to discharge the dust collected by the first hopper 12. The exhaust hood 16 is assembled at the top of the shell 1 and directly connected to the top of the catalytic chamber 3. The purified flue gas collection component gathers the purified flue gas treated by the catalyst plate 11 and guides it to flow towards the exhaust pipe 17. At the same time, it reduces the retention of flue gas at the top of the catalytic chamber 3 and reduces system resistance. One end of the exhaust pipe 17 is connected to the top of the exhaust hood 16, and the other end extends to the outside of the housing 1 for connection to subsequent emission pipes or chimneys. The flue gas purified by the dust removal chamber 4 enters the catalytic chamber 3 through the air duct 5. It is first adjusted to a uniform flow field by the lower flue gas rectifier 10, and then flows through the two layers of catalyst plates 11 to complete the denitrification reaction. The purified flue gas gathers upward to the exhaust hood 16 and is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 17.

[0020] It should be noted that parts have a lifespan and can be replaced during regular maintenance when they no longer meet performance requirements. Deterioration in performance due to prolonged use of parts is not a design defect of this application.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers, comprising a shell (1) and a mixing chamber (2) formed inside the shell (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) has a catalytic chamber (3) inside; The shell (1) has symmetrically arranged dust removal chambers (4) that communicate with the mixing chamber (2). The dust removal chamber (4) is provided with an air duct (5). One end of the air duct (5) extends into the interior of the catalytic chamber (3). A spiral partition (6) is fixed between the air duct (5) and the dust removal chamber (4).

2. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing chamber (2) is equipped with a spray grid (7), and the inlet pipe of the spray grid (7) extends to the outside of the housing (1).

3. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing chamber (2) is equipped with a static gas mixer (8) located on top of the spray grid (7), and a guide plate (9) is fixed inside the mixing chamber (2) and on top of the static gas mixer (8).

4. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the catalytic chamber (3) is fixedly connected to a flue gas rectifier (10), and two catalyst plates (11) are detachably connected inside the catalytic chamber (3) and on top of the flue gas rectifier (10).

5. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the housing (1) is symmetrically equipped with a first hopper (12) that communicates with the dust removal chamber (4). The bottom of the first hopper (12) is connected to a discharge pipe (13), and a valve is installed on the surface of the discharge pipe (13).

6. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the housing (1) is symmetrically equipped with a second hopper (14) that communicates with the mixing chamber (2). The bottom of the second hopper (14) is connected to a waste discharge pipe (15), and a valve is installed on the surface of the waste discharge pipe (15).

7. The high-efficiency denitrification reaction tower for biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the housing (1) is fitted with an exhaust hood (16) that communicates with the catalytic chamber (3), and the top of the exhaust hood (16) is connected to an exhaust pipe (17).

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