Multistage air distribution anti-blocking fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-stage air-distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, relating to the field of fluidized bed technology. It includes a shell, inside which at least three air distribution plates are fixedly installed. An adjustment and cleaning mechanism is provided inside each air distribution plate. The adjustment and cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame, a rotating shaft, gears, and air guides. Several movable slots are formed inside each air distribution plate. The movable frame is rotatably connected inside the movable slots. The rotating shaft is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame, and the air guides are fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame. Air holes are formed inside the movable frame, and gears are fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft. In the technical solution provided by this utility model, the adjustment and cleaning mechanism uses a rotating shaft to drive the movable frame to rotate inside the air distribution plate. The rotation of the movable frame drives the air guides to rotate as well, causing the air guides to reverse. By using airflow to reverse-fluidize the air guides, material adhering to the inner wall of the air guides can be blown off, preventing clogging of the air holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluidized bed technology, and in particular to a multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor. Background Technology

[0002] A multi-stage air distribution fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor is a high-efficiency reaction device for the pyrolysis conversion of raw materials such as biomass, waste or coal. It achieves efficient control of the pyrolysis process through multi-stage air distribution design and fluidization technology. The reactor is equipped with multiple air distribution layers (usually 2-4 stages). Each layer controls the airflow velocity and distribution through independent air chambers and gas distribution plates (such as perforated plates, air caps, etc.) to form gradient fluidization.

[0003] When processing high-tar, high-ash, or viscous raw materials, traditional multi-stage air-distributed fluidized bed pyrolysis reactors are prone to material adhesion into the air distribution plate holes, leading to blockage and affecting the treatment efficiency of the reactor. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-stage air-distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, so as to solve the problem that when the prior art processes high tar, high ash or viscous raw materials, the material is very easy to adhere to the air holes of the air distribution plate, resulting in air hole blockage, which affects the processing effect of the multi-stage air-distribution fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, including an outer shell, at least three air distribution plates are fixedly installed inside the outer shell, a cyclone separator is fixedly installed inside the outer shell, an air inlet is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer shell, a feed pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the outer shell, a bubble cap is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer shell, the bubble cap is located at the top of the air inlet, and an adjustment and cleaning mechanism is provided inside the air distribution plates;

[0006] The adjustable cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame, a rotating shaft, a gear, and an air guide. The air distribution plate has several movable slots inside. The movable frame is rotatably connected inside the movable slots. The rotating shaft is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame. The air guide is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame. The movable frame has air holes inside. The gear is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft.

[0007] Optionally, several movable frames are provided, and a connecting rod is installed on one side of each movable frame. The several movable frames are fixedly connected to each other by the connecting rod.

[0008] Optionally, the movable groove is an arc-shaped groove.

[0009] Optionally, a sealing ring is fixedly installed on the top of the movable frame, and the sealing ring is located in the gap between the movable frame and the movable groove.

[0010] Optionally, a mounting cover is fixedly installed on one side of the housing, the gear is located inside the mounting cover, a gear belt is provided inside the mounting cover, and several gears are connected by gear belt transmission.

[0011] Optionally, the adjusting rod is fixedly installed on one side of one of the gears, and the adjusting rod is rotatably connected inside the mounting cover.

[0012] Optionally, a mounting bracket is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting cover, a mounting cavity is opened in the inner wall of the mounting bracket, a spring is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the mounting cavity, a locking block is fixedly installed at one end of the spring, and a slot that matches the locking block is opened in the side wall of the adjusting rod.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages:

[0014] 1. The present invention relates to a multi-stage air-distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, which adopts an adjustment and cleaning mechanism. By setting a rotating shaft, it can drive the movable frame to rotate inside the air distribution plate. The rotation of the movable frame can drive the air guide to rotate together, causing the air guide to reverse. By using the airflow to flush the air guide in reverse, the material adhering to the inner wall of the air guide can be blown off, preventing the air holes from being blocked.

[0015] 2. The multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor of this utility model can control the rotation of gears by setting an adjustment rod. By setting the gears so that when one gear rotates, the gear belt can drive the other gears to rotate together, thereby controlling all movable frames to rotate at the same time, making adjustment and control more convenient.

[0016] These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air distribution plate structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the air distribution plate of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear belt structure of the mounting cover of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting bracket of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer shell of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Outer shell; 2. Mounting cover; 3. Adjusting rod; 4. Air distribution plate; 5. Movable frame; 6. Sealing ring; 7. Rotating shaft; 8. Gear; 9. Movable groove; 10. Air guide; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Mounting frame; 13. Gear belt; 14. Mounting cavity; 15. Spring; 16. Locking block; 17. Locking groove; 18. Air inlet; 19. Cyclone separator; 20. Feeding pipe; 21. Bubble cap. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the implementation methods without creative effort are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] The following describes in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention: a multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] For easier understanding, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 An embodiment of a multi-stage air-distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor provided by this utility model includes an outer shell 1, at least three air distribution plates 4 are fixedly installed inside the outer shell 1, a cyclone separator 19 is fixedly installed inside the outer shell 1, an air inlet 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer shell 1, a feed pipe 20 is fixedly installed at the top of the outer shell 1, a bubble cap 21 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer shell 1, the bubble cap 21 is located at the top of the air inlet 18, and an adjustment and cleaning mechanism is provided inside the air distribution plates 4;

[0029] The adjustable cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame 5, a rotating shaft 7, a gear 8, and an air guide 10. The air distribution plate 4 has several movable slots 9 inside. The movable frame 5 is rotatably connected inside the movable slots 9. The rotating shaft 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame 5. The air guide 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame 5. The movable frame 5 has air holes inside. The gear 8 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft 7.

[0030] It should be noted that a multi-stage air distribution structure can be formed by setting several air distribution plates 4. A rotating shaft 7 can be used to drive the movable frame 5 to rotate inside the air distribution plate 4. An air guide 10 can be used to guide the airflow through the air holes. The rotation of the movable frame 5 can drive the air guide 10 to rotate together, causing the air guide 10 to reverse. By using the airflow to backwash the air guide 10, the material adhering to the inner wall of the air guide 10 can be blown off, preventing the air holes from being blocked. A cyclone separator 19 is used to separate solid particles such as carbon black and catalysts in the airflow. A feed pipe 20 can be used to add materials and fluidizing media. The fluidizing media is usually quartz sand, alumina, or catalyst particles. A bubble cap 21 can be set to avoid gas short-circuiting and prevent the airflow from rising directly vertically to form a "jet", ensuring that the gas is evenly distributed on the bed cross section.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are several movable frames 5. A connecting rod 11 is installed on one side of each movable frame 5. The movable frames 5 are fixedly connected to each other by the connecting rod 11. The movable groove 9 is an arc-shaped groove.

[0032] It should be noted that by setting the connecting rod 11, several movable frames 5 can be connected to each other, so that when one movable frame 5 rotates, it can drive the other movable frames 5 to rotate together.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a sealing ring 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable frame 5, and the sealing ring 6 is located in the gap between the movable frame 5 and the movable groove 9.

[0034] It should be noted that the sealing ring 6 can be used to seal the gap between the movable frame 5 and the movable groove 9, preventing air and materials from entering the movable groove 9 and preventing materials from adhering to the movable groove 9.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a mounting cover 2 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer casing 1. The gear 8 is located inside the mounting cover 2. A gear belt 13 is provided inside the mounting cover 2. Several gears 8 are connected by transmission through the gear belt 13. An adjusting rod 3 is fixedly installed on one side of one of the gears 8. The adjusting rod 3 is rotatably connected inside the mounting cover 2. A mounting bracket 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting cover 2. A mounting cavity 14 is opened in the inner wall of the mounting bracket 12. A spring 15 is fixedly installed in the inner wall of the mounting cavity 14. A locking block 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the spring 15. A locking groove 17 that fits with the locking block 16 is opened on the side wall of the adjusting rod 3.

[0037] It should be noted that the mounting cover 2 can be used to protect the gear 8 and prevent air leakage from the outer casing 1. The adjusting rod 3 can be used to control the rotation of the gear 8. By setting the gear 8 so that when one gear 8 rotates, the gear belt 13 can drive the other gears 8 to rotate together, thereby controlling all movable frames 5 to rotate together. The spring 15 can be used to support the locking block 16. By setting the locking groove 17, the locking block 16 can be locked into the locking groove 17 to limit the adjustment rod 3. The end faces of the locking block 16 and the locking groove 17 are triangular.

[0038] The cyclone separator 19 and the bubble cap 21 in this utility model are known components and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] Working principle: During operation, high-temperature pyrolysis fluidizing gas is supplied to the interior of the outer shell 1 through the air inlet 18. The raw materials and fluidizing medium to be fluidized can be added to the interior of the outer shell 1 through the feed pipe 20. The raw materials are cracked at 400-800℃, and large organic molecules are decomposed into small molecular products. After the fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor has been running for a period of time, it is briefly paused. During this process, rotating the adjusting rod 3 can drive one of the gears 8 to rotate. When gear 8 rotates, the gear belt 13 can drive the other gears 8 to rotate together. The rotation of gear 8 can drive the rotating shaft 7 to rotate. The rotation of rotating shaft 7 can drive the movable frame 5 to rotate. The rotation of movable frame 5 can drive the air guide 10 to rotate together, causing the air guide 10 to reverse. After that, the fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor runs again. By using the airflow to backwash the air guide 10, the material adhering to the inner wall of the air guide 10 can be blown down, preventing the air holes from being blocked.

[0040] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that: Includes an outer shell (1), inside which at least three air distribution plates (4) are fixedly installed, inside which a cyclone separator (19) is fixedly installed, at the bottom of the outer shell (1) is fixedly installed, at the top of the outer shell (1) is fixedly installed, at the top of the outer shell (1) is fixedly installed, at the inner wall of the outer shell (1) is fixedly installed, at the top of the air inlet (18), and at the inside of the air distribution plate (4) is an adjustment and cleaning mechanism; The adjusting cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame (5), a rotating shaft (7), a gear (8), and an air guide (10). The air distribution plate (4) has several movable slots (9) inside. The movable frame (5) is rotatably connected inside the movable slots (9). The rotating shaft (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame (5). The air guide (10) is fixedly installed on one side of the movable frame (5). The movable frame (5) has air holes inside. The gear (8) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft (7).

2. The multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several movable frames (5) are provided, and a connecting rod (11) is installed on one side of each movable frame (5). Several movable frames (5) are fixedly connected to each other by the connecting rod (11).

3. The multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active groove (9) is an arc-shaped groove.

4. The multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable frame (5), and the sealing ring (6) is located in the gap between the movable frame (5) and the movable groove (9).

5. A multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting cover (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the outer shell (1). The gear (8) is located inside the mounting cover (2). A gear belt (13) is provided inside the mounting cover (2). Several gears (8) are connected by transmission through the gear belt (13).

6. A multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: One of the gears (8) is fixedly mounted on one side with an adjusting rod (3), which is rotatably connected inside the mounting cover (2).

7. A multi-stage air distribution anti-clogging fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mounting bracket (12) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting cover (2). A mounting cavity (14) is opened on the inner wall of the mounting bracket (12). A spring (15) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting cavity (14). A locking block (16) is fixedly installed on one end of the spring (15). A slot (17) that matches the locking block (16) is opened on the side wall of the adjusting rod (3).

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