A tilt squeeze type die casting machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of die casting equipment, in particular to an inclined injection type die casting machine which comprises a mold closing unit, an injection unit and a mold locking unit. The moving direction of the punch is at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, so that the metal liquid is pushed upwards from the bottom, the front end pushes the air upwards and the air is discharged through the exhaust groove; a soup inlet is arranged at the bottom of the barrel to avoid the air entrainment problem of the traditional top soup inlet; the straight runner and the cross runner are connected at an obtuse angle to reduce the air entrainment at the turning position. Through the inclined injection mode, the application can significantly reduce the internal porosity and oxidation inclusion defects of the casting, improve the compactness and mechanical properties of the casting, is suitable for various metal material die casting processes, and has high practicability and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of die casting equipment, and more specifically to an inclined injection die casting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Die casting equipment plays a vital role in modern industrial manufacturing, particularly in the mass production of complex-shaped metal parts. Traditional horizontal die casting machines primarily employ horizontal injection devices. Their working principle involves pouring molten metal into the pressure chamber after mold closing, followed by the injection punch propelling the molten metal through the runner into the mold cavity, where it cools and solidifies under pressure. However, this horizontal injection method suffers from significant air entrapment problems in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the production demands of high-quality castings. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 When the injection plunger speed is low, air is easily trapped at the tail end of the molten metal; while at higher plunger speeds, the molten metal flow creates waves, causing air to be trapped within them. Furthermore, when the molten metal flows at high speeds, cavitation forms at the right-angle junction of the sprue and runner, further increasing the risk of gas entrapment. These defects make the casting prone to porosity, oxide inclusions, and other problems, thus reducing the density and mechanical properties of the casting and affecting the quality and reliability of the product. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention addresses the air entrapment problem inherent in existing horizontal die-casting machines during horizontal injection, proposing an inclined injection die-casting machine. To this end, this invention employs an upward inclined injection method and optimizes the structural design of the barrel, sprue, and runner to achieve the technical goal of reducing air entrapment and improving casting quality.

[0004] This invention provides an inclined injection die casting machine, comprising a mold closing unit, an injection unit, and a mold locking unit. The mold closing unit consists of a moving plate, a fixed plate, a tie rod, and a mold moving unit. The moving plate moves horizontally and closes with the fixed plate to form a mold cavity, which is connected to the barrel of the injection unit. Further, the injection unit includes a barrel and a punch. The punch moves at a certain angle to the horizontal plane and is inclined downwards. A sprue is provided on the bottom side of the barrel, and the sprue is opened and closed by a sealing plate moving along the barrel axis. Specifically, the mold locking unit is used to clamp the moving mold and the fixed mold during the injection process, preventing the mold from separating due to expansion forces and avoiding defects such as flash.

[0005] Furthermore, the working process of this utility model includes the following steps: S1: After the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, the mold locking unit is activated to ensure that the mold is pressed tightly; S2: The sprue sealing plate retracts to open the sprue at the bottom of the barrel, and the molten metal in the holding furnace enters the barrel along the feed pipe under the action of low-pressure air. After reaching the set weight, the sealing plate moves forward to close the sprue; S3: The injection device drives the punch to move in an inclined downward direction, pressing the molten metal from bottom to top along the sprue and runner into the mold cavity; S4: During the injection process, since the barrel and sprue are inclined downward, the air is always above the molten metal and is pushed to the top of the cavity during the advance of the molten metal, and is finally discharged through the preset venting groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer circle of the punch slides in contact with the inner hole of the barrel, and the punch moves back and forth along the axis of the barrel. The punch and the punch drive component are either fixedly connected or connected by a sliding groove; when fixedly connected, the movement direction of the piston rod in the punch drive component is parallel to the movement direction of the punch; when connected by a sliding groove, the movement direction of the injection piston rod and the movement direction of the punch may not be parallel.

[0007] The key innovation of this invention lies in the design of the injection unit and its integration with the overall system. Specifically, the inclined arrangement of the barrel and punch in the injection unit ensures that as the molten metal is propelled upwards within the barrel, the front end consistently pushes air upwards, thus avoiding the problem of air getting trapped at the tail end or in the waves of the molten metal, which exists in traditional horizontal injection methods. Furthermore, an opening at the bottom of the barrel and the bottom-feeding method concentrate air at the top of the molten metal, avoiding the waterfall-like drop phenomenon that occurs with traditional top-opening feeding methods, thereby reducing the risk of air entrapment. In addition, the downward-sloping design of the barrel and sprue results in an obtuse angle at the transition between the sprue and runner, significantly reducing air entrapment at the transition point compared to traditional right-angle designs.

[0008] Specifically, this invention features an optimized design for the molten metal inlet at the bottom of the cylinder. The inlet is opened and closed by a sealing plate that moves along the cylinder's axis, its stroke precisely matching the molten metal supply to ensure a quantitative supply. Furthermore, the sealing plate's drive mechanism employs a linear drive, with a hydraulic cylinder or electric actuator as its power source to ensure the stability and reliability of the sealing plate's operation. Additionally, the connection between the inlet at the bottom of the cylinder and the holding furnace is achieved through a feed pipe, the inner diameter of which matches the cylinder's volume to ensure smooth flow of the molten metal under low-pressure air.

[0009] Furthermore, the transition angle between the sprue and the runner in this invention is designed as an obtuse angle. The specific angle range is optimized based on the fluidity of the molten metal and the injection speed to minimize air entrapment at the transition point. Specifically, the inner wall surfaces of the sprue and runner are polished, with a roughness value controlled below Ra0.8 to reduce resistance during molten metal flow and minimize cavitation. In addition, a guide structure is provided at the connection point between the sprue and the runner to guide the molten metal through a smooth transition, further reducing the risk of air entrapment.

[0010] This invention also improves the venting structure of the mold cavity. A venting groove is provided at the top of the cavity. The cross-sectional shape of the venting groove is trapezoidal, and its width and depth are optimized according to the filling speed and injection pressure of the molten metal to ensure that air can be smoothly discharged without affecting the filling efficiency of the molten metal. Furthermore, the outlet end of the venting groove is connected to a vacuum system, which accelerates air discharge through negative pressure suction, thereby further improving the venting effect.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in the following aspects: First, by adopting an upward oblique injection method, the molten metal pushes the air upward as it is propelled from the bottom up in the barrel, and the air is smoothly discharged through the pre-set venting groove, effectively reducing defects such as porosity and oxide inclusions inside the casting. Second, the bottom-opening method of pouring the molten metal avoids the waterfall-like drop phenomenon that exists with the traditional top-opening method, significantly reducing the risk of air entrapment. Third, the obtuse angle design of the sprue and runner further reduces air entrapment at the turning points compared to the right angle design. Finally, through the optimized design of the venting groove structure and its combination with a vacuum system, the venting effect is further improved, thereby significantly enhancing the density and mechanical properties of the casting.

[0012] In particular, the technical solution of this utility model has high practicality and scalability. The tilting injection method is not only suitable for common aluminum alloy die casting, but can also be applied to the die casting processes of various metal materials such as magnesium alloys and zinc alloys. Furthermore, the tilt angle of the injection unit can be adjusted according to the fluidity of different materials and the structural characteristics of the castings to meet diverse production needs. In addition, the structural design of this utility model is compact and reasonable, facilitating upgrades and modifications to existing die casting equipment, thereby reducing the cost and difficulty of technical implementation.

[0013] In summary, this invention, through the adoption of an inclined injection method and optimized structural design, solves the air entrapment problem in traditional horizontal injection, significantly improving the quality and performance of die-cast parts. The technical solution described in detail the specific implementation methods of each component and their interaction relationships, providing clear technical guidance for those skilled in the art, and has significant application value and promotional significance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how low punch speed leads to air being trapped at the tail end of the molten metal; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined injection die-casting machine in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the die-casting machine in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a magnified cross-sectional view of a portion of the die-casting machine in Example 1; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the die-casting machine in Example 2.

[0015] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Flow divider cone; 2. Cavity; 3. Horizontal runner; 4. Straight runner; 5. Sprue sealing plate; 6. Punch; 7. Sealing plate drive; 8. Feed pipe; 9. Mold moving unit; 10. Mold locking unit; 11. Moving plate; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Tie rod; 14. Barrel; 15. Sprue; 17. Injection piston rod; 18. Injection cylinder; 19. Slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] This utility model provides an inclined injection die casting machine, combined with the attached... Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 The specific implementation methods are described in detail below. (See attached document.) Figure 2-4 As shown, the die-casting machine includes a mold-closing unit, an injection unit, and a mold-locking unit. The mold-closing unit consists of a moving plate 11, a fixed plate 12, a tie rod 13, and a mold-moving unit 9. The moving plate 11 moves horizontally and closes with the fixed plate 12 to form a mold cavity 2. The cavity 2 is connected to the barrel 14 of the injection unit through a sprue 4 and a runner 3. A sprue 15 is provided on the bottom side of the barrel 14. The punch 6 inside the barrel 14 moves in an upward inclined direction during the injection process, and its direction of movement forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane. The outer circle of the punch 6 slides in contact with the inner hole of the barrel 14, and the punch 6 moves back and forth along the axis of the barrel. The sealing plate drive 7 drives the sprue sealing plate 5 to move along the axis of the barrel to realize the opening and closing operation of the sprue 15. The mold-locking unit 10 operates after the moving mold and the fixed mold are closed, pressing the moving plate 11 and the fixed plate 12 together to prevent the mold from separating due to the expansion force during the injection process and to avoid defects such as flash.

[0020] In actual operation, the mold-moving unit 9 is first activated, causing the moving plate 11 to move horizontally and close with the fixed plate 12 to form a complete mold cavity 2. Then, the mold-locking unit 10 is activated to ensure the mold is tightly closed. After the mold is closed, the slurry outlet plate 5 retracts under the action of the sealing plate drive 7, opening the slurry inlet 15 at the bottom of the material cylinder 14. (See attached...) Figure 3 As shown, the molten metal in the holding furnace enters the barrel 14 along the feed pipe 8 under the action of low-pressure air. After reaching the set weight, the sprue sealing plate 5 advances to close the sprue 15. At this time, the injection device is activated, driving the punch 6 to move in a downward inclined direction, pressing the molten metal from bottom to top along the sprue 4 and the runner 3 into the mold cavity 2. Since both the barrel 14 and the sprue 4 are designed to be inclined downward, the molten metal pushes the air upward during the process, and the air is eventually pushed to the top of the cavity 2 and discharged through the preset venting groove.

[0021] Further combine with the appendix Figure 2 and attached Figure 3The molten metal inlet 15 at the bottom of the sprue 14 is designed as an open type. Compared with the traditional top-opening sprue method, this design significantly reduces the risk of air entrapment. With traditional top-opening sprues, the molten metal is prone to air entrapment due to its cascading flow. This invention, with its bottom-opening sprue, concentrates air at the top of the molten metal, fundamentally solving this problem. Furthermore, the inclination angles of the sprue 14 and the sprue 4 are precisely calculated, ensuring that the transition angle between the sprue 4 and the runner 3 is an obtuse angle rather than a right angle. This obtuse angle design significantly reduces the flow resistance of the molten metal at the transition point, lowering the probability of cavitation and further reducing air entrapment. The inner surfaces of the sprue 4 and the runner 3 are polished, with a roughness value controlled below Ra0.8 to ensure smooth molten metal flow and reduce flow resistance.

[0022] The design of the venting structure is also one of the key aspects of this invention. A venting groove is provided at the top of the cavity 2. The cross-sectional shape of the venting groove is trapezoidal, and its width and depth are optimized based on the filling speed and injection pressure of the molten metal. This design ensures that air can be smoothly discharged without affecting the filling efficiency of the molten metal. The outlet end of the venting groove is connected to a vacuum system, which accelerates air discharge through negative pressure suction, thereby further improving the venting effect. In practical applications, the introduction of the vacuum system not only improves venting efficiency but also effectively avoids internal defects in the casting caused by poor venting.

[0023] During the injection process, the angle between the moving direction of the punch 6 and the horizontal plane is designed to be a specific angle, which is adjusted according to the fluidity of the molten metal and the structural characteristics of the casting. For example, for aluminum alloys with good fluidity, the angle can be set between 15° and 20°; while for magnesium alloys with poor fluidity, the angle can be appropriately increased to 25° to 30°. This flexible adjustment method allows the die-casting machine to adapt to the die-casting needs of various metal materials. At the same time, the drive mechanism of the punch 6 uses a hydraulic cylinder or electric push rod as a power source to ensure the stability and reliability of the punch 6's operation. The sealing plate drive 7 also adopts a linear drive method, and its stroke range is precisely matched with the molten metal feed rate, thereby ensuring a quantitative supply of molten metal.

[0024] To further improve the quality and performance of die-cast parts, this invention optimizes the structure of the molten metal inlet 15 at the bottom of the barrel 14. The connection between the molten metal inlet 15 and the holding furnace is achieved through the feed pipe 8. The inner diameter and cross-sectional dimensions of the feed pipe 8 are matched with the mass and time of the molten metal being fed to ensure smooth flow of the molten metal under low-pressure air. In addition, the inner wall surface of the barrel 14 is pre-treated, exhibiting high wear resistance and corrosion resistance, thus extending the service life of the equipment. In actual operation, after the molten metal enters the barrel 14 through the molten metal inlet 15, the punch 6 quickly presses it into the sprue 4, and then into the cavity 2 along the runner 3. Throughout the process, the molten metal maintains an upward propulsion state, with the front end pushing the air upwards, and finally discharged through the exhaust channel.

[0025] This invention is applicable to die-casting processes for various metal materials, including but not limited to aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, and zinc alloys. In practical applications, users can adjust the tilt angle of the injection unit according to the characteristics of different materials and the specific requirements of the casting. For example, when producing thin-walled castings, the tilt angle can be increased to improve the filling speed of the molten metal; while when producing thick-walled castings, the tilt angle can be appropriately reduced to decrease the flow resistance of the molten metal. Furthermore, the invention features a compact and reasonable structural design, facilitating upgrades and modifications to existing die-casting equipment, thereby reducing the cost and difficulty of implementation.

[0026] In summary, this invention, through the adoption of an inclined injection method and optimized structural design, solves the air entrapment problem present in traditional horizontal injection, significantly improving the quality and performance of die-cast parts. (Appendix) Figure 1 This illustrates the phenomenon in the background art where low punch speed causes air to become trapped at the tail end of the molten metal. This invention, however, completely avoids this problem by using an upward, oblique injection method, ensuring that the molten metal consistently pushes the air upwards during the injection process. (Attached) Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 This clearly demonstrates the overall structure of the die-casting machine and the arrangement of its key components, providing clear technical guidance for technicians. The embodiments of this utility model fully consider various factors in practical applications, and through precise calculations and optimized design, ensure the feasibility and practicality of the technical solution.

[0027] In this embodiment, the punch drive component is configured as an injection piston rod 17. One end of the injection piston rod 17 is connected to the punch 6, and the other end is connected to the injection cylinder 18, which provides power to the injection piston rod 17. In this embodiment, the connection between the punch 6 and the punch drive component is fixed. The direction of movement of the injection piston rod 17 is parallel to the direction of movement of the punch 6, and the injection cylinder 18 forms a certain installation angle with the horizontal plane. With this structure, the injection piston rod 17 can partially extend into the barrel 14, resulting in a relatively compact structure.

[0028] Example 2: Please see Figure 5 Unlike Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the connection between the punch 6 and the injection piston rod 17 is a sliding connection. A groove is provided on the connector of the punch 6, and a slider is provided at the head of the injection piston rod 17. The slider and the head of the injection piston rod 17 can rotate relative to each other, and the slider slides into the groove. In this structure, the moving direction of the injection piston rod 17 and the moving direction of the punch 6 do not need to be parallel, and the injection cylinder 18 can be placed horizontally. However, it should be noted that in this embodiment, the connector of the punch 6 needs to be set to a certain length. When the punch moves to its maximum stroke, the injection piston rod 17 needs to be outside the barrel 14 to avoid interference between the injection piston rod 17 and the barrel.

[0029] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are within its protection scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within its protection scope.

Claims

1. A tilt-squeeze type die casting machine comprising a mold clamping unit, a squeeze unit, and a mold locking unit, characterized by: The mold closing unit includes a moving plate (11), a fixed plate (12), a tie rod (13), and a mold moving unit (9). The moving plate (11) moves horizontally and closes with the fixed plate (12) to form a mold cavity (2). The cavity (2) is connected to the barrel (14) of the injection unit through the sprue (4) and the runner (3). The injection unit includes a barrel (14) and a punch (6). The moving direction of the punch (6) forms a certain angle with the horizontal plane. The bottom side of the barrel (14) is provided with a sprue (15). The sprue sealing plate (5) moves along the axis of the barrel to realize the opening and closing of the sprue (15). The mold clamping unit (10) is used to press the moving plate (11) and the fixed plate (12) together during the injection process.

2. The tilt-squeeze type die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized by: The soup inlet (15) at the bottom of the feed cylinder (14) is connected to the heat preservation furnace through the feed pipe (8), and the inner cross-sectional dimensions of the feed pipe (8) are matched with the mass and time of the molten metal being fed.

3. The tilt-squeeze type die casting machine according to claim 2, characterized by: The soup opening sealing plate (5) is driven by the sealing plate drive (7), which adopts a linear drive method and its power source is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

4. The tilt-squeeze type die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer circle of the punch (6) slides in contact with the inner hole of the barrel (14), and the punch (6) moves back and forth along the axis of the barrel.

5. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punch (6) and the punch drive component are either fixedly connected or connected by a sliding groove. When fixedly connected, the moving direction of the piston rod in the punch drive component is parallel to the moving direction of the punch (6). When connected by a sliding groove, the moving direction of the injection piston rod and the moving direction of the punch (6) may not be parallel.

6. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition angle between the sprue (4) and the glide (3) is an obtuse angle, and the surface roughness value of the inner wall of the sprue (4) and the glide (3) is controlled below Ra0.

8.

7. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection between the sprue (4) and the glide sprue (3) is provided with a guide structure to guide the molten metal to transition smoothly.

8. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the mold cavity (2) is provided with an exhaust groove.

9. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outlet end of the exhaust duct is connected to a vacuum system.

10. The inclined injection die casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the barrel (14) is pretreated to improve its wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

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