A two-way self-centering fixture

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of bidirectional self-centering fixture, belong to machine tool fittings field.It solves the problem that traditional fixture cannot realize radial clamping and axial clamping synchronously.This bidirectional self-centering fixture, including axial guide rail frame and radial guide rail frame, axial guide rail frame and radial guide rail frame are set as cross structure, two opposite axial centering fixtures are movably set on axial guide rail frame, two opposite radial centering fixtures are movably set on radial guide rail frame, slide is equipped on axial guide rail frame and radial guide rail frame, axial centering fixture and radial centering fixture are fixed on corresponding slide, and it is moved by slide, drive mechanism is equipped in axial guide rail frame and radial guide rail frame, drive mechanism is used to drive corresponding slide relative movement, so that axial centering fixture or radial centering fixture relative movement is positioned clamping to be realized.The utility model has the advantages of high efficiency, axial and radial clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of machine tool accessories, and relates to a clamp, particularly a bidirectional self-centering clamp. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, inspection, and assembly, rapid and precise positioning and clamping of rotating workpieces such as shafts and discs is crucial for ensuring process quality. Traditional fixtures often employ unidirectional clamping mechanisms, such as three-jaw chucks or multiple independently operating hydraulic clamps, which have significant limitations when clamping irregular workpieces or workpieces requiring bidirectional concentric positioning. First, traditional fixtures typically cannot achieve synchronous self-centering in both the axial and radial directions. Operators need to adjust the clamping elements on both sides separately, a cumbersome and inefficient process. Furthermore, it is difficult to ensure precise alignment of the workpiece axis with the machine tool spindle or inspection datum, introducing human error. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the prior art by providing a bidirectional self-centering clamp with both axial and radial clamping capabilities.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solution: a bidirectional self-centering fixture, characterized in that it includes an axial guide rail frame and a radial guide rail frame, the axial guide rail frame and the radial guide rail frame are arranged in a cross structure, two opposing axial centering fixtures are movably arranged on the axial guide rail frame, and two opposing radial centering fixtures are movably arranged on the radial guide rail frame; Both the axial guide rail frame and the radial guide rail frame are equipped with sliding plates. The axial centering clamp and the radial centering clamp are fixed on the corresponding sliding plates and are moved by the sliding plates. Both the axial guide rail frame and the radial guide rail frame are equipped with a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is used to drive the corresponding slide plate to move relative to each other, thereby causing the axial centering clamp or the radial centering clamp to move relative to each other to achieve positioning and clamping.

[0005] In the aforementioned bidirectional self-centering fixture, the driving mechanism includes a servo motor, a forward lead screw, a reverse lead screw, and a coupling. The forward and reverse lead screws are connected by the coupling, and the servo motor is used to synchronously drive the forward and reverse lead screws to rotate in opposite directions.

[0006] In the aforementioned bidirectional self-centering fixture, the sliding plate is movably connected to the forward and reverse lead screws via sliders.

[0007] In the above-mentioned bidirectional self-centering fixture, the driving mechanism includes a first sliding plate, a second sliding plate, a hydraulic cylinder, a driving rack, and a driving gear. The first sliding plate is fixed to one end of the driving rack by a fixing block. The bottom of the second sliding plate is provided with an inner cavity groove. The bottom of the inner cavity groove is provided with a meshing tooth. The driving gear meshes with the meshing tooth and is movably disposed in the inner cavity groove. In the aforementioned bidirectional self-centering fixture, the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the drive rack to move axially, thereby causing the first and second slide plates to move relative to each other through the transmission of the drive rack, drive gear, and meshing teeth.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, this bidirectional self-centering fixture has the following advantages: 1. The cross-shaped bidirectional guide rail structure achieves synchronous self-centering in both axial and radial dimensions, resulting in high positioning accuracy and strong versatility. It is particularly suitable for axisymmetric parts that require centering and clamping. 2. Two optional drive methods provide flexibility. The combination of servo motor and lead screw provides smooth transmission and precise control, which is suitable for high-precision automation scenarios, while the combination of hydraulic and gear and rack can output greater clamping force, which is suitable for processing heavy workpieces. 3. The symmetrical drive design eliminates the cumulative error of single-sided drive, ensuring the repeatability of the centering process, making the entire system compact, rigid, and highly synchronized, effectively improving clamping efficiency and machining quality. At the same time, its modular design also facilitates maintenance and functional expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of this bidirectional self-centering fixture.

[0010] Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the drive mechanism of this bidirectional self-centering clamp.

[0011] Figure 3 This is a simplified diagram of the drive mechanism of this bidirectional self-centering clamp.

[0012] In the diagram, 1. Axial guide rail frame; 2. Radial guide rail frame; 3. Axial centering fixture; 4. Radial centering fixture; 5. Servo motor; 6. Forward lead screw; 7. Reverse lead screw; 8. Coupling; 9. First slide plate; 10. Second slide plate; 11. Hydraulic cylinder; 12. Drive rack; 13. Drive gear; 14. Inner cavity groove; 15. Meshing teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0014] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this bidirectional self-centering fixture includes an axial guide rail frame 1 and a radial guide rail frame 2, which are arranged in a cross structure. Two opposing axial centering clamps 3 are movably mounted on the axial guide rail frame 1, and two opposing radial centering clamps 4 are movably mounted on the radial guide rail frame 2. Both the axial guide rail frame 1 and the radial guide rail frame 2 are equipped with sliding plates. The axial centering clamps 3 and radial centering clamps 4 are fixed to the corresponding sliding plates and moved by the sliding plates. Both the axial guide rail frame 1 and the radial guide rail frame 2 are equipped with driving mechanisms. The driving mechanisms are used to drive the corresponding sliding plates to move relative to each other, thereby causing the axial centering clamps 3 or radial centering clamps 4 to move relative to each other to achieve positioning and clamping.

[0015] The drive mechanism includes a servo motor 5, a forward lead screw 6, a reverse lead screw 7, and a coupling 8. The forward lead screw 6 and the reverse lead screw 7 are connected by the coupling 8. The servo motor 5 is used to synchronously drive the forward lead screw 6 and the reverse lead screw 7 to rotate in opposite directions. The slide plate is movably connected to the forward lead screw 6 and the reverse lead screw 7 by a slider. The coupling 8 is a bevel gear coupling 8, which is used to realize the orthogonal transmission between the forward lead screw 6 and the reverse lead screw 7.

[0016] The drive mechanism includes a first slide plate 9, a second slide plate 10, a hydraulic cylinder 11, a drive rack 12, and a drive gear 13. The first slide plate 9 is fixed to one end of the drive rack 12 by a fixing block. The bottom of the second slide plate 10 is provided with an inner cavity groove 14. The bottom of the inner cavity groove 14 is provided with a meshing tooth 15. The drive gear 13 meshes with the meshing tooth 15 and is movably disposed in the inner cavity groove 14. The hydraulic cylinder 11 is used to drive the drive rack 12 to move axially. Thus, through the transmission of the drive rack 12, the drive gear 13, and the meshing tooth 15, the first slide plate 9 and the second slide plate 10 move relative to each other.

[0017] The drive mechanism is also equipped with a position sensor to detect the movement of the skateboard and feed it back to the control system.

[0018] Through a built-in drive mechanism, two opposing slides are synchronously driven to move precisely in opposite directions, thereby causing the axial or radial centering fixture 4 fixed on them to move synchronously closer or further away. During clamping operations, the two opposing fixtures move simultaneously towards the center of the workpiece, achieving automatic centering and ensuring that the workpiece is stably and accurately positioned at the predetermined positions of the axis and radial center. Specifically, there are two drive methods: First, a servo motor 5 is used to synchronously drive the forward and reverse lead screws 7 through a coupling 8, causing the slider and slide connected to the lead screw to generate relative movement; Second, a hydraulic cylinder 11 is used to push the drive rack 12, which drives the drive gear 13 meshing with it to rotate. The gear then interacts with the meshing teeth 15 at the bottom of the second slide, converting the linear motion of the rack into the relative linear motion of the two slides. Both methods can efficiently and synchronously control the clamping and releasing of the fixture.

[0019] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0020] Although this document uses a considerable amount of technical terms, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional self-centering fixture, characterized in that, It includes an axial guide rail frame (1) and a radial guide rail frame (2), which are arranged in a cross structure. Two opposing axial centering clamps (3) are movably arranged on the axial guide rail frame (1), and two opposing radial centering clamps (4) are movably arranged on the radial guide rail frame (2). The axial guide rail frame (1) and the radial guide rail frame (2) are both equipped with sliding plates. The axial centering clamp (3) and the radial centering clamp (4) are fixed on the corresponding sliding plates and are moved by the sliding plates. Both the axial guide rail frame (1) and the radial guide rail frame (2) are equipped with a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is used to drive the corresponding slide plate to move relative to each other, so that the axial centering clamp (3) or the radial centering clamp (4) can move relative to each other to achieve positioning and clamping.

2. The bidirectional self-centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a servo motor (5), a forward lead screw (6), a reverse lead screw (7), and a coupling (8). The forward lead screw (6) and the reverse lead screw (7) are connected by the coupling (8). The servo motor (5) is used to synchronously drive the forward lead screw (6) and the reverse lead screw (7) to rotate in both directions.

3. A bidirectional self-centering fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slide plate is movably connected to the forward-rotating lead screw (6) and the reverse-rotating lead screw (7) via sliders.

4. A bidirectional self-centering fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism includes a first slide plate (9), a second slide plate (10), a hydraulic cylinder (11), a drive rack (12), and a drive gear (13). The first slide plate (9) is fixed to one end of the drive rack (12) by a fixing block. The bottom of the second slide plate (10) is provided with an inner cavity groove (14). The bottom of the inner cavity groove (14) is provided with a meshing tooth part (15). The drive gear (13) meshes with the meshing tooth part (15) and is movably disposed in the inner cavity groove (14).

5. A bidirectional self-centering fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hydraulic cylinder (11) is used to drive the drive rack (12) to move axially, thereby causing the first slide plate (9) and the second slide plate (10) to move relative to each other through the transmission of the drive rack (12), drive gear (13) and meshing teeth (15).

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