Automatic bearing cap assembling machine

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bearing assembly, in particular to a bearing cover cap automatic assembly machine, which comprises a machine table and a rotating mechanism, a first feeding mechanism, a second feeding mechanism and a stamping mechanism integrated on the machine table. The rotating mechanism is circumferentially distributed with a first feeding station, a second feeding station, a pressing station and a discharging station, and realizes workpiece circulation through intermittent rotation; the first feeding mechanism conveys the cover cap to the first feeding station; the second feeding mechanism stores bearings in a multi-storage unit layer stack, and cooperates with a driving element to complete accurate bearing feeding through gravity falling; the bearing is transferred to the second feeding station by a mechanical hand; the stamping mechanism cooperates with double air cylinders to realize pressing assembly of the bearing and the cover cap; and the discharging mechanism separates finished products from waste. The equipment realizes full-automatic pressing assembly of the bearing and the cover cap through integrated rotating mechanism, automatic feeding and stamping of the bearing and the cover cap, and has the advantages of improving assembly efficiency, reducing manual labor intensity and reducing the pressing defect rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bearing assembly technology, and in particular to an automatic bearing cap assembly machine. Background Technology

[0002] Bearing packaging is a crucial step in ensuring product safety during storage and transportation and preventing surface scratches. Cap packaging, due to its ability to provide airtight protection and allow for stacking, has become a common method for packaging small and medium-sized bearings. The cap and bearing typically employ an interference fit design, requiring external force to achieve a tight assembly. Currently, the industry generally relies on manual operation for cap pressing. Operators hold the bearing, align it with the cap opening, and press it in place by tapping with their palms or using simple tools. This is not only physically demanding but also poses occupational health risks such as wrist strain and hand pressure injuries over time. In terms of production efficiency, manual pressing typically yields less than 5,000 pieces per person, and the defect rate (3%–5%) is affected by operator skill, resulting in cap misalignment and incomplete pressing. This makes it difficult to meet the high-efficiency and standardized requirements of large-scale production. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides an automatic bearing cap assembly machine. By integrating a rotating mechanism, automatic feeding and stamping of bearings and caps, it realizes fully automatic pressing assembly of bearings and caps, which has the advantages of improving assembly efficiency, reducing manual labor intensity, and reducing the pressing failure rate.

[0004] This application provides an automatic assembly machine for bearing caps, including a machine base, wherein the machine base integrates a rotating mechanism, a first feeding mechanism, a second feeding mechanism and a stamping mechanism; The rotating mechanism is circumferentially distributed with a first loading station, a second loading station, a pressing station, and a unloading station; The first feeding mechanism is used to transport the caps to the first feeding station; The second feeding mechanism includes a first robotic arm, a support frame, and a positioning plate, a feeding assembly, a first driving component, a second driving component, and a third driving component disposed on the support frame; The support frame is provided with a plurality of storage units arranged at intervals along its length. Each storage unit has a vertical receiving cavity for stacking and placing bearings, and its side wall is provided with a mating hole communicating with the vertical receiving cavity. The positioning plate is connected to the output end of the first driving component, and the positioning plate is provided with a number of positioning blocks that correspond one-to-one with the mating holes, for axial positioning of the bearings in the storage unit. The feeding assembly is connected to the output end of the third driving component, the third driving component is slidably engaged with the support frame, and the second driving component drives the third driving component to move along the length direction of the support frame; the feeding assembly is provided with a plurality of positioning posts, each positioning post being coaxial with the vertical receiving cavity of a storage unit, for receiving the falling bearing; The first robotic arm is used to grab the bearing from the second feeding mechanism and transfer it to the second feeding station; The stamping mechanism is used to press the bearing into the cap to form an assembled product.

[0005] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism includes a turntable, a drive assembly, and an assembly fixture; The drive assembly is fixed on the machine base, and its rotation shaft is connected to the center of the turntable to drive the turntable to rotate intermittently; The assembly fixture has a mounting cavity for positioning the cap. There are four assembly fixtures, which are evenly distributed around the turntable and flow sequentially to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station and the unloading station. The assembly fixtures slide vertically on the turntable.

[0006] In some embodiments, the assembly fixture includes a jig, a guide shaft, a linear bearing, a retaining ring, a spring, and a connecting plate; The guide shaft consists of two shafts. One end of the guide shaft is fixed to the connecting plate, and the other end is sequentially fitted with a spring, a retaining ring, and a linear bearing before passing through the turntable and connecting to the fixture. The two ends of the spring abut against the retaining ring and the connecting plate, respectively.

[0007] In some embodiments, the mounting cavity extends through the assembly fixture and the turntable, and the connecting plate has a through hole coaxial with the mounting cavity; The machine base is equipped with four photoelectric sensors, which correspond to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station, and the unloading station, respectively. When each assembly fixture is located at the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station, and the unloading station, the detection end of the photoelectric sensor detects whether the workpiece is in place through the through hole and the mounting cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first robotic arm includes a support, a slide cylinder, a material handling cylinder, and an expansion gripper finger; the support is fixed on the machine base, the slide cylinder is horizontally mounted on the support, the material handling cylinder is vertically fixed to the output end of the slide cylinder, and the output end of the material handling cylinder is connected to the expansion gripper finger.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first feeding mechanism includes a second robotic arm, a vibratory feeder, and a receiving assembly; The second robotic arm has the same structure as the first robotic arm; The vibratory feeder is fixed on the machine platform, and its discharge end is connected to the receiving station of the receiving component. The receiving assembly is used to receive the caps conveyed by the vibratory feeder, and is then gripped by the second robotic arm into the mounting cavity of the assembly fixture.

[0010] In some embodiments, the receiving assembly includes a fixing plate, a cylinder plate, a receiving plate, a receiving cylinder, a pressure block, and a push rod motor; The fixed plate is fixed to the second robotic arm, the cylinder plate is disposed on the fixed plate, and the cylinder plate is provided with guide rails along the height direction of the machine tool; The receiving plate is slidably engaged with the guide rail via a slider. The receiving cylinder is mounted on the cylinder plate and its output end is connected to the slider. The receiving plate has a first stepped groove and a notch communicating with the first stepped groove on one side. The notch is connected to the discharge end of the vibratory feeder for receiving caps. The pressure block is embedded in the first stepped groove, and the push rod motor is fixed on the receiving plate. Its output end is connected to the pressure block to position and press the cap.

[0011] In some embodiments, the support frame includes a base plate, side plates, and a load-bearing plate, wherein the load-bearing plate is connected to the base plate via the side plates, and the load-bearing plate is provided with a guide channel; The guide channel is provided with a second stepped groove, and the feeding assembly includes a feeding plate and a plug-in plate. The plug-in plate passes through the guide channel and is provided with the plurality of positioning posts on its top. The guide channel near the first robot arm forms a transfer station with the second stepped groove, and the bearing supported by the positioning column near the transfer station is pushed to the transfer station by the third driving component; The first driving component, the second driving component, and the third driving component are all linear cylinders; The top of the positioning post is provided with a tapered guide portion with a taper of 30°~60°; The storage unit is equipped with a photoelectric sensor on one side, with the detection end facing the transfer station, to monitor whether the bearing is in place.

[0012] In some embodiments, the stamping mechanism includes a frame, a first stamping cylinder, and a second stamping cylinder; The frame is fixed on the machine platform, and the two ends of the frame facing the rotating mechanism are respectively provided with a first fixed seat and a second fixed seat; The first stamping cylinder is mounted on the first fixed base, and its output end is connected to a pressure sensor. The detection end of the pressure sensor faces the mounting cavity of the assembly fixture and is used to detect the pressing pressure. The second stamping cylinder is mounted on the second fixed base, and its output end is provided with a horizontally extending stamping plate. The stamping plate is opposite to the connecting plate and is used to drive the fixture to push upward, so as to cooperate with the first stamping cylinder to complete the pressing of the bearing and the cap.

[0013] In some embodiments, a feeding mechanism is also included, which is located on one side of the feeding station and includes a third robotic arm, a first housing, a second housing, a transmission component, and a waste box. The structure of the third robotic arm is the same as that of the first robotic arm; The first housing is tilted and fixed on the machine platform by a mounting bracket, with one end being the discharge port and the other end communicating with the second housing; The second housing is vertically mounted on the machine base, with a feed inlet at the top and a waste outlet at the bottom; the waste box is placed on the machine base and directly opposite the waste outlet. A baffle is rotatably mounted inside the second housing via a rotating shaft. The transmission component is mounted on the first housing, and its piston rod is hinged to the rotating shaft via a connecting rod. When the baffle closes the internal channel of the second housing, the feed inlet is connected to the discharge outlet. When the baffle opens the internal channel of the second housing, the feed inlet is connected to the waste outlet.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, the automatic bearing cap assembly machine provided in this application features a rotating mechanism with sequentially rotating first loading station, second loading station, pressing station, and unloading station. The caps are conveyed to the first loading station via the first loading mechanism. The rotating mechanism rotates intermittently, moving the first loading station (with caps) to the second loading station. A large batch of bearings in an orderly stacked state is stored in several storage units. The bearings fall under their own weight, precisely positioned by a first drive component and a positioning plate. Stable conveying of individual bearings is achieved through the coordinated action of the second and third drive components and the feeding assembly. A first robotic arm conveys the bearings to the second loading station, whereupon the rotating mechanism rotates, and a stamping mechanism completes the pressing operation between the caps and the bearings. This assembly machine offers advantages such as improved bearing unloading efficiency, ensured positioning accuracy, and enhanced stability for continuous operation. Attached Figure Description The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic bearing cap assembly machine shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second feeding mechanism shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating mechanism shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly fixture shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first robotic arm shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first feeding mechanism shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the material receiving assembly shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving plate structure shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the stamping mechanism shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure label: 1. Machine tool; 2. Rotating mechanism; 21. Turntable; 22. Drive assembly; 23. Assembly fixture; 230. Mounting cavity; 231. Fixture; 232. Guide shaft; 233. Linear bearing; 234. Retaining ring; 235. Spring; 236. Connecting plate; 236a. Through hole; 3. First feeding mechanism; 31. Second robotic arm; 32. Vibratory feeder; 33. Receiving assembly; 331. Fixing plate; 332. Cylinder plate; 333. Receiving plate; 333a. First stepped groove; 333b. Notch; 334. Receiving cylinder; 335. Pressing block; 336. Push rod motor; 4. Second feeding mechanism; 41. First robotic arm; 411. Bracket; 412. Mounting base; 413. Picking cylinder; 414. Expanding gripper finger; 42. Support frame; 421. Base plate; 422. Side plate; 423. Bearing plate; 423a. Guide channel; 423b. Second stepped groove; 43. Positioning plate; 43a. Positioning block; 44. Feeding assembly; 441. Positioning column; 442. Feeding plate; 443. Insertion plate; 45. First driving component; 46. Second driving component; 47. Third driving component; 48. Storage unit; 48a. Mating hole; 5. Stamping mechanism; 51. Frame; 52. First stamping cylinder; 53. Second stamping cylinder; 54. First fixed seat; 55. Second fixed seat; 56. Pressure sensor; 57. Stamping plate; 6. Unloading mechanism; 61. Third robotic arm; 62. First housing; 63. Second housing; 64. Transmission component; 65. Waste box; 66. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0018] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In the bearing packaging process, the pressing operation between the cap and the bearing is mainly done manually. Operators need to hold the bearing, align it with the cap opening, and apply pressure using their palms or simple tools to achieve an interference fit. This method of operation is labor-intensive and carries high occupational health risks; long-term operation can easily lead to wrist strain and pressure injuries to the palms. In terms of production efficiency, the single-person capacity for manual pressing is usually insufficient, and it is affected by the operator's skill level, easily resulting in quality problems such as cap misalignment and incomplete pressing, leading to a high defect rate and making it difficult to meet the efficiency and consistency requirements of large-scale production.

[0021] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an automatic bearing cap assembly machine. By integrating a rotating mechanism, automated feeding, and a stamping mechanism, it achieves fully automatic pressing and assembly of bearings and caps, which has the advantages of improving assembly efficiency, reducing manual labor intensity, and reducing the failure rate of pressing.

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 4 This application provides an automatic assembly machine for bearing caps, with a machine base 1. The machine base 1 integrates a rotating mechanism 2, a first feeding mechanism 3, a second feeding mechanism 4, and a stamping mechanism 5. The rotating mechanism has a first loading station, a second loading station, a pressing station and a unloading station distributed circumferentially. The first feeding mechanism 3 is used to transport the cap to the first feeding station; The second feeding mechanism 4 includes a first robotic arm 41, a support frame 42, and a positioning plate 43, a feeding assembly 44, a first driving member 45, a second driving member 46 and a third driving member 47 disposed on the support frame 42. The support frame 42 is provided with a plurality of storage units 48 arranged at intervals along its length. Each storage unit 48 has a vertical receiving cavity for stacking and placing bearings, and its side wall is provided with a mating hole 48a communicating with the vertical receiving cavity. The positioning plate 43 is connected to the output end of the first driving member 45, and the positioning plate 43 is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks 43a corresponding one-to-one with the mating holes 48a, for axial positioning of the bearings in the storage unit 48. The feeding assembly 44 is connected to the output end of the third driving member 47. The third driving member 47 is slidably engaged with the support frame 42. The second driving member 46 drives the third driving member 47 to move along the length direction of the support frame 42. The feeding assembly 44 is provided with a plurality of positioning posts 441. Each positioning post 441 is coaxial with the vertical receiving cavity of a storage unit 48 and is used to receive the falling bearing. The first robotic arm 41 is used to grab the bearing from the second feeding mechanism 4 and transfer it to the second feeding station; The stamping mechanism 5 is used to press the bearing into the cap to form an assembled product.

[0024] Specifically, the rotating mechanism 2 is a device used to facilitate the flow of bearings and caps at different workstations. Precise control of the rotation angle ensures synchronous operation at each workstation. The rotating mechanism 2 has a first loading station, a second loading station, a pressing station, and a unloading station evenly distributed circumferentially, with an included angle of 90° between adjacent workstations. The rotating mechanism 2 achieves intermittent 90° rotation using a servo motor. The first loading station refers to the station where the first loading mechanism 3 transports the caps to the rotating mechanism 2. After the first loading mechanism 3 loads the caps into the first loading station, the rotating mechanism 2 rotates 90°, moving the cap-loading station to the second loading station. The second loading station is where the bearings are placed inside the caps, specifically implemented by the second loading mechanism 4. The support frame 42 of the second feeding mechanism 4 is provided with several storage units 48 arranged at intervals along its length. Each storage unit 48 can be sequentially defined as the first storage unit, the second storage unit, the third storage unit, ... the nth storage unit, where the first storage unit is close to the second feeding station. The vertical accommodating cavity of the storage unit 48 can accommodate several stacked bearings, which can be sequentially defined from bottom to top as the first bearing, the second bearing, the third bearing, ... the nth bearing. The positioning plate 43 has a long strip-shaped structure, and the positioning block 43a extends outward from the surface of the positioning plate 43. The surface of the positioning block 43a facing the mating hole 48a has an arc-shaped structure adapted to the outer periphery of the bearing. The bottom of the feeding assembly 44 is connected to the output end of the third driving member 47, and the positioning post 441 is located at the top of the feeding assembly 44. Driven by the third driving member 47, the positioning post 441 passes through the vertical accommodating cavity and enters the inner hole of the first bearing. Driven by the second driving component 46, the feeding component 44 moves along the length of the support frame 42 toward the second feeding station. The bearings of the next-level storage unit 48 are successively fed into the previous-level storage unit 48 under the limiting action of the positioning block 43a, thereby realizing the orderly relay conveying of multiple sets of bearings.

[0025] The bearing unloading process of the second feeding mechanism 4 is as follows: (1) The positioning pins 441 of the feeding assembly 44 are precisely aligned with the bottom of each storage unit 48. Under the driving action of the third driving member 47, they rise and pass through and support the first bearing inside the vertical receiving cavity. At this time, the first driving member 45 drives the positioning plate 43 to move away from the storage unit 48, and the positioning block 43a disengages from the bearing.

[0026] (2) After the feeding assembly 44 descends by one bearing height, the first driving component 45 drives the positioning plate 43 to move toward the storage unit 48, and the positioning block 43a inserts into the mating hole 48a and presses against the second bearing, thereby achieving temporary locking of the upper bearing.

[0027] (3) The second drive component 46 drives the feeding assembly 44 to move horizontally, and then the third drive component 47 drives the feeding assembly 44 to rise, so that the first bearing is precisely aligned with the gripping position of the first robot arm 41. The first robot arm 41 transports the bearing to the second loading station. During the rising process of the feeding assembly 44, the first bearing of the original second storage unit 48 enters the first storage unit 48, and due to the continuous pressure of the positioning block 43a, the bearing is confined within the first storage unit 48; at the same time, the first bearing of the third storage unit 48 enters the second storage unit 48, and so on.

[0028] (4) The third driving component 47 drives the feeding component 44 to descend and reset, and the second driving component 46 drives the feeding component 44 to move back to the initial position. The positioning column 441 is realigned below each storage unit 48. Steps 1 to 3 are repeated to achieve continuous feeding. After the first robotic arm 41 places the bearing at the second loading station, the rotating mechanism 2 transports the cap to be assembled and the bearing to the pressing station. The stamping mechanism 5 presses the bearing into the cap to form the finished product. Finally, the rotating mechanism 2 transports the assembled finished product to the unloading station, where the unloading mechanism 6 or a person picks it up to complete the finished product output.

[0029] Accordingly, to facilitate the replacement of the storage unit 48 when it is out of material and to accommodate bearings of different sizes, the storage unit 48 and the support frame 42 are detachably connected. T-shaped slots are machined at intervals along the length of the support frame 42's bearing plate 423. A wedge-shaped positioning platform is provided at the bottom of the inner sidewall of each slot, and a limit baffle is provided at the end of the slot. The spacing between the slots is consistent with the arrangement spacing of the storage units 48, and wear-resistant nylon bushings are embedded in the slots. L-shaped stainless steel lugs extend symmetrically from both sides of the bottom of the storage unit 48. The ends of the lugs are provided with inclined locking parts that match the wedge-shaped positioning platforms, and polyurethane buffer pads are installed at the bottom. Guide rounded corners are machined on the outer sides of the lugs to facilitate quick insertion into the slots.

[0030] In addition, to increase the clamping force of the positioning block on the bearing, an annular friction plate is installed on the inner wall of the lowest point of the storage unit 48 (i.e., the area of ​​the first bearing).

[0031] In this embodiment, by integrating the rotating mechanism 2 and the automated feeding and stamping mechanism 5, the fully automated pressing and assembly of the bearing and the cap is realized, which effectively improves production efficiency, reduces the defect rate, and avoids occupational health risks caused by manual operation. Furthermore, the rotating mechanism 2 includes a turntable 21, a drive assembly 22, and an assembly fixture 23; The drive assembly 22 is fixed on the machine base 1, and its rotation shaft is connected to the center of the turntable 21 to drive the turntable 21 to rotate intermittently; The assembly fixture 23 has a mounting cavity 230 for positioning the cap. There are four assembly fixtures 23. The four assembly fixtures 23 are evenly distributed around the turntable 21 and flow sequentially with the turntable 21 to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station and the unloading station. The assembly fixtures 23 are slidably mounted on the turntable 21 in the vertical direction.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the drive assembly 22 drives the turntable 21 via a servo motor for precise indexing. Each 90-degree rotation causes the assembly fixture 23 to sequentially enter one of the four workstations. When the turntable 21 stops, the assembly fixture 23 at the first loading station receives the cap, the second loading station places the bearing, the pressing station performs stamping assembly, and the unloading station removes the finished product. The vertical sliding characteristic of the assembly fixture 23 allows it to adaptively adjust its height during the pressing process, cooperating with the stamping mechanism 5 to complete the interference fit assembly. The structural design of the four assembly fixtures 23 distributed circumferentially on the turntable 21 allows each process to be executed in parallel, significantly shortening the assembly cycle of a single part.

[0033] Furthermore, the assembly fixture 23 includes a jig 231, a guide shaft 232, a linear bearing 233, a retaining ring 234, a spring 235, and a connecting plate 236; There are two guide shafts 232. One end of each guide shaft 232 is fixed to the connecting plate 236, and the other end is sequentially fitted with a spring 235, a retaining ring 234, and a linear bearing 233 before passing through the turntable 21 and connecting to the fixture 231. The two ends of the spring 235 abut against the retaining ring 234 and the connecting plate 236, respectively. The lower ends of the two guide shafts 232 of the assembly fixture 23 are welded or bolted to the connecting plate 236, and the upper ends sequentially pass through the spring 235, the retaining ring 234, and the linear bearing 233 before being locked to the fixture 231 by nuts. The two ends of the spring 235 abut against the retaining ring 234 and the connecting plate 236, respectively, to buffer the impact force from the stamping mechanism 5. The linear bearing 233 is embedded in the mounting hole of the turntable 21 and has a clearance fit with the guide shaft 232.

[0034] Furthermore, the mounting cavity 230 passes through the assembly fixture 23 and the turntable 21, and the connecting plate 236 is provided with a through hole 236a coaxial with the mounting cavity 230; The machine base 1 is equipped with four photoelectric sensors, which correspond to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station, and the unloading station, respectively. When each assembly fixture 23 is located at the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station, and the unloading station, the detection end of the photoelectric sensor detects whether the workpiece is in place through the through hole 236a and the mounting cavity 230.

[0035] like Figure 6As shown, four photoelectric sensors, such as diffuse reflection photoelectric sensors, are installed on the upper surface of machine 1 at the corresponding four workstations. The detection end of the photoelectric sensor is vertically upward, and the sensor's signal line is connected to the equipment control system via an aviation connector and interlocked with the drive assembly 22. When the assembly fixture 23 moves to a certain workstation, the infrared light emitted by the sensor passes through the through hole 236a and the mounting cavity 230 in sequence. If the workpiece has reached the designated position, the light will be blocked, and the sensor will output a low-level signal, allowing the control system to allow the turntable 21 to rotate; if there is no workpiece, the sensor will output a high-level signal, and the equipment will record the situation. If material leakage occurs every time the turntable 21 rotates, the equipment will issue an alarm, and personnel will be required to perform inspection and maintenance. Furthermore, the first robotic arm 41 includes a support 411, a slide cylinder 412, a material handling cylinder 413, and an expansion gripper finger 414; The bracket 411 is fixed on the machine base 1, the slide cylinder 412 is horizontally mounted on the bracket 411, the material picking cylinder 413 is vertically fixed on the output end of the slide cylinder 412, and the output end of the material picking cylinder 413 is connected to the expansion clamp finger 414.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown, the bracket 411 of the first robotic arm 41 is fixed to the machine base 1 by expansion bolts. The slide cylinder 412 is horizontally fixed to the top of the bracket 411 by bolts. The cylinder body of the picking cylinder 413 is fixedly installed on the output end of the slide cylinder 412 by bolts. The piston rod end of the picking cylinder 413 is threadedly connected to the expansion gripper 414. When the feeding assembly 44 pushes the bearing to the transfer station, the piston rod of the picking cylinder 413 extends, the expansion gripper 414 inserts into the inner hole of the bearing and inflates to achieve gripping; then the output end of the slide cylinder 412 drives the picking cylinder 413 to move horizontally to the second loading station, the picking cylinder 413 descends to put the bearing into the cap, and resets after venting and releasing the grip.

[0037] Furthermore, the first feeding mechanism 3 includes a second robotic arm 31, a vibratory feeder 32, and a receiving assembly 33; The second robotic arm 31 has the same structure as the first robotic arm 41; The vibratory feeder 32 is fixed on the machine base 1, and its discharge end is connected to the receiving station of the receiving component 33. The receiving assembly 33 is used to receive the caps conveyed by the vibratory feeder 32, and the second robotic arm 31 grasps them into the mounting cavity 230 of the assembly fixture 23.

[0038] like Figures 8-10As shown, the vibratory feeder 32 is a feeding device that achieves workpiece orientation and sorting through vibration. Specifically, it can be implemented using an electromagnetically driven vibratory feeder, whose internal spiral track can arrange disordered caps into a predetermined direction for output. The vibratory feeder 32 of the first feeding mechanism 3 is fixed to the machine base 1 by a shock-absorbing pad, and the end of the discharge track is connected to the notch 333b of the receiving component 33 by a positioning pin. The structure of the second robot 31 is exactly the same as that of the first robot 41, and its picking range covers the first stepped groove 333a of the receiving component 33 and the first feeding station. The vibratory feeder 32 sorts the disordered caps into an open-facing state through electromagnetic vibration, and sends them into the first stepped groove 333a of the receiving plate 333 via the discharge track. The receiving cylinder 334 drives the receiving plate 333 to rise, and the push rod motor 336 pushes the pressure block 335 to press and position the caps. After the second robot 31 grabs the caps, the receiving plate 333 descends and resets, waiting for the next cap.

[0039] Furthermore, the receiving assembly 33 includes a fixing plate 331, a cylinder plate 332, a receiving plate 333, a receiving cylinder 334, a pressure block 335, and a push rod motor 336; The fixed plate 331 is fixed on the second robot arm 31, the cylinder plate 332 is disposed on the fixed plate 331, and the cylinder plate 332 is provided with guide rails along the height direction of the machine base 1; The receiving plate 333 is slidably engaged with the guide rail via a slider. The receiving cylinder 334 is mounted on the cylinder plate 332 and its output end is connected to the slider. The receiving plate 333 has a first stepped groove 333a. One side of the receiving plate 333 has a notch 333b that communicates with the first stepped groove 333a. The notch 333b is connected to the discharge end of the vibrating plate 32 and is used to receive caps. The pressure block 335 is embedded in the stepped groove, and the push rod motor 336 is fixed on the receiving plate 333. Its output end is connected to the pressure block 335 to position and press the cap.

[0040] Specifically, the fixing plate 331 of the receiving assembly 33 is connected to the bracket 411 of the second robot arm 31 by bolts. The cylinder plate 332 is vertically welded to the fixing plate 331, and the guide rail is fixed to the side of the cylinder plate 332 by countersunk screws. The receiving plate 333 is slidably connected to the guide rail by a T-shaped slider. The cylinder body of the receiving cylinder 334 is bolted to the bottom of the cylinder plate 332, and the piston rod is threaded to the slider. After the cap enters the first stepped groove 333a through the notch 333b, the receiving cylinder 334 drives the receiving plate 333 to rise to the picking position. The push rod motor 336 pushes the pressure block 335 toward the cap, pressing the cap tightly inside the stepped groove to prevent displacement during the gripping process. After the picking operation is completed, the push rod motor 336 resets, and the receiving plate 333 descends to the initial position. In this implementation, the combined design of the stepped groove and the notch 333b enables automatic centering of the cap, which, together with the mechanical positioning of the pressure block 335, can significantly improve the success rate of grasping. The lifting and lowering motion of the receiving plate 333 converts the horizontal feeding of the vibratory feeder 32 into vertical picking, avoiding interference between the robot arm and the vibratory feeder 32.

[0041] Furthermore, the support frame 42 includes a base plate 421, a side plate 422 and a bearing plate 423. The bearing plate 423 is connected to the base plate 421 through the side plate 422, and the bearing plate 423 is provided with a guide channel 423a. The guide channel 423a is provided with a second stepped groove 423b. The feeding assembly 44 includes a feeding plate 442 and a plug-in plate 443. The plug-in plate 443 passes through the guide channel 423a and is provided with the plurality of positioning posts 441 at its top. The guide channel 423a near the first robot arm 41 forms a transfer station with the second stepped groove 423b. The bearing supported by the positioning column 441 near the transfer station is pushed to the transfer station by the third drive component 47. The first drive unit 45, the second drive unit 46 and the third drive unit 47 are all linear cylinders; The top of the positioning post 441 is provided with a tapered guide portion with a taper of 30°~60°; The storage unit 48 is equipped with a photoelectric sensor on one side, with the detection end facing the transfer station, to monitor whether the bearing is in place.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, the base plate 421, side plate 422, and bearing plate 423 of the support frame 42 are connected by welding or bolts. A second stepped groove 423b is milled in the guide channel 423a of the bearing plate 423. The plug plate 443 of the feeding assembly 44 passes through the guide channel 423a, and the top is fixed to the feeding plate 442 by screws. The positioning post 441 is integrally formed with the feeding plate 442. In specific implementation, the height of the vertical receiving cavity can stack 20 to 30 bearings. The tapered guide part at the top of the positioning post 441 has a taper of 45°. The photoelectric sensor is installed on the side of the storage unit 48, and the detection end is aligned with the transfer station. The feeding assembly 44 rises under the action of the third driving member 47, and the positioning post 441 is inserted into the inner hole of the lowest bearing. The first driving member 45 pushes the positioning plate 43 so that the positioning block 43a is inserted into the mating hole 48a and abuts against the upper bearing. The second driving member 46 drives the feeding assembly 44 to move horizontally to the transfer station. After the photoelectric sensor detects the bearing, the first robot arm 41 performs the gripping.

[0043] like Figure 12 As shown, the stamping mechanism 5 further includes a frame 51, a first stamping cylinder 52 and a second stamping cylinder 53; The frame 51 is fixed on the machine base 1, and the two ends of the frame 51 facing the rotating mechanism 2 are respectively provided with a first fixed seat 54 and a second fixed seat 55. The first stamping cylinder 52 is mounted on the first fixed base 54, and its output end is connected to the pressure sensor 56. The detection end of the pressure sensor 56 faces the mounting cavity 230 of the assembly fixture 23 and is used to detect the pressing pressure. The second stamping cylinder 53 is mounted on the second fixed base 55, and its output end is provided with a horizontally extending stamping plate 57. The stamping plate 57 is opposite to the connecting plate 236 and is used to drive the fixture 231 to push upward, cooperating with the first stamping cylinder 52 to complete the pressing of the bearing and the cap. When the assembly fixture 23 moves to the pressing station, the piston rod of the second stamping cylinder 53 extends, pushing the stamping plate 57 to lift the connecting plate 236 upward, so that the fixture 231 rises; at the same time, the piston rod of the first stamping cylinder moves downward, the pressure sensor 56 contacts the bearing and applies pressure, holds the pressure for 0.5 seconds and then resets; the pressure sensor 56 provides real-time feedback of the pressure curve, and if it exceeds the set range, the equipment will automatically alarm.

[0044] like Figure 13 As shown, the automatic bearing cap assembly machine further includes a feeding mechanism 6, which is located on one side of the feeding station and includes a third robot arm 61, a first housing 62, a second housing 63, a transmission component 64, and a waste box 65. The structure of the third robotic arm 61 is the same as that of the first robotic arm 41; The first housing 62 is obliquely fixed on the machine base 1 by a mounting bracket, one end of which is the discharge port and the other end is connected to the second housing 63; The second housing 63 is vertically mounted on the machine base 1. The top of the second housing 63 forms a feed inlet, and the bottom forms a waste outlet. The waste box 65 is placed on the machine base 1 and is directly opposite the waste outlet. A baffle is rotatably mounted inside the second housing 63 via a rotating shaft 66. The transmission component 64 is mounted on the first housing 62, and its piston rod is hinged to the rotating shaft 66 via a connecting rod. When the baffle closes the internal channel of the second housing 63, the feed inlet connects to the discharge outlet. When the baffle opens the internal channel of the second housing 63, the feed inlet connects to the waste outlet. The third robotic arm 61 grabs the finished product from the unloading station and places it into the feed inlet of the second housing 63. If the pressing pressure is qualified, the baffle remains closed, and the finished product slides along the first housing 62 into the finished product box. If the pressure is abnormal, the control system drives the piston rod of the transmission component 64 to retract, which in turn drives the baffle to rotate 90° via the connecting rod, opening the internal channel, and the finished product falls into the waste box 65.

[0045] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic assembly machine for bearing caps, characterized in that, It includes a machine base (1), which integrates a rotating mechanism (2), a first feeding mechanism (3), a second feeding mechanism (4) and a stamping mechanism (5); The rotating mechanism (2) has a first loading station, a second loading station, a pressing station and a unloading station distributed circumferentially. The first feeding mechanism (3) is used to transport the cap to the first feeding station; The second feeding mechanism (4) includes a first robotic arm (41), a support frame (42), and a positioning plate (43), a feeding assembly (44), a first driving member (45), a second driving member (46), and a third driving member (47) disposed on the support frame (42); The support frame (42) is provided with a plurality of storage units (48) arranged at intervals along its length. The storage unit (48) has a vertical receiving cavity for stacking bearings, and its side wall is provided with a mating hole (48a) communicating with the vertical receiving cavity. The positioning plate (43) is connected to the output end of the first driving member (45), and the positioning plate (43) is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks (43a) corresponding one-to-one with the mating holes (48a) for axial positioning of the bearings in the storage unit (48); The feeding assembly (44) is connected to the output end of the third driving member (47), the third driving member (47) is slidably engaged with the support frame (42), and the second driving member (46) drives the third driving member (47) to move along the length direction of the support frame (42); the feeding assembly (44) is provided with a plurality of positioning posts (441), each positioning post (441) being coaxial with the vertical receiving cavity of a storage unit (48) to receive the falling bearing; The first robotic arm (41) is used to grab the bearing from the second loading mechanism (4) and transfer it to the second loading station; The stamping mechanism (5) is used to press the bearing into the cap to form an assembled product.

2. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (2) includes a turntable (21), a drive assembly (22), and an assembly fixture (23); The drive assembly (22) is fixed on the machine base (1), and its rotation shaft is connected to the center of the turntable (21) to drive the turntable (21) to rotate intermittently; The assembly fixture (23) has a mounting cavity (230) for positioning the cap. There are four assembly fixtures (23). The four assembly fixtures (23) are evenly distributed around the turntable (21) and flow sequentially to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station and the unloading station with the turntable (21). The assembly fixtures (23) slide vertically on the turntable (21).

3. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The assembly fixture (23) includes a jig (231), a guide shaft (232), a linear bearing (233), a retaining ring (234), a spring (235), and a connecting plate (236); There are two guide shafts (232). One end of the guide shaft (232) is fixed to the connecting plate (236), and the other end is connected to a spring (235), a retaining ring (234) and a linear bearing (233) in sequence, then passes through the turntable (21) and is connected to the fixture (231). The two ends of the spring (235) abut against the retaining ring (234) and the connecting plate (236) respectively.

4. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting cavity (230) passes through the assembly fixture (23) and the turntable (21), and the connecting plate (236) is provided with a through hole (236a) coaxial with the mounting cavity (230); The machine base (1) is equipped with four photoelectric sensors, which correspond to the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station and the unloading station respectively. When each assembly fixture (23) is located at the first loading station, the second loading station, the pressing station and the unloading station respectively, the detection end of the photoelectric sensor detects whether the workpiece is in place through the through hole (236a) and the mounting cavity (230).

5. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first robotic arm (41) includes a bracket (411), a slide cylinder (412), a picking cylinder (413), and an expansion gripper (414); the bracket (411) is fixed on the machine base (1), the slide cylinder (412) is horizontally mounted on the bracket (411), the picking cylinder (413) is vertically fixed on the output end of the slide cylinder (412), and the output end of the picking cylinder (413) is connected to the expansion gripper (414).

6. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first feeding mechanism (3) includes a second robotic arm (31), a vibratory feeder (32), and a receiving assembly (33); The structure of the second robotic arm (31) is the same as that of the first robotic arm (41); The vibratory feeder (32) is fixed on the machine base (1), and its discharge end is connected to the receiving station of the receiving component (33); The receiving assembly (33) is used to receive the caps conveyed by the vibratory feeder (32) and is picked up by the second robot (31) into the mounting cavity (230) of the assembly fixture (23).

7. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The receiving assembly (33) includes a fixing plate (331), a cylinder plate (332), a receiving plate (333), a receiving cylinder (334), a pressure block (335), and a push rod motor (336); The fixed plate (331) is fixed on the second robot (31), the cylinder plate (332) is disposed on the fixed plate (331), and the cylinder plate (332) is provided with a guide rail along the height direction of the machine table (1); The receiving plate (333) is slidably engaged with the guide rail via a slider. The receiving cylinder (334) is mounted on the cylinder plate (332) and the output end of the receiving cylinder (334) is connected to the slider. The receiving plate (333) has a first stepped groove (333a). One side of the receiving plate (333) has a notch (333b) that communicates with the first stepped groove (333a). The notch (333b) is connected to the discharge end of the vibratory feeder (32) for receiving caps. The pressure block (335) is embedded in the first stepped groove (333a), and the push rod motor (336) is fixed on the receiving plate (333), with its output end connected to the pressure block (335) to position and press the cap.

8. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (42) includes a base plate (421), a side plate (422) and a bearing plate (423). The bearing plate (423) is connected to the base plate (421) through the side plate (422). The bearing plate (423) is provided with a guide channel (423a). The guide channel (423a) is provided with a second stepped groove (423b), and the feeding assembly (44) includes a feeding plate (442) and a plug-in plate (443). The plug-in plate (443) passes through the guide channel (423a) and is provided with the plurality of positioning posts (441) on its top. The guide channel (423a) near the first robot (41) forms a transfer station with the second stepped groove (423b). The bearing supported by the positioning column (441) near the transfer station is pushed to the transfer station by the third drive component (47). The first drive unit (45), the second drive unit (46) and the third drive unit (47) are all linear cylinders; The top of the positioning post (441) is provided with a tapered guide with a taper of 30°~60°; The storage unit (48) is equipped with a photoelectric sensor on one side, with the detection end facing the transfer station, for monitoring whether the bearing is in place.

9. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stamping mechanism (5) includes a frame (51), a first stamping cylinder (52) and a second stamping cylinder (53); The frame (51) is fixed on the machine base (1), and the two ends of the frame (51) facing the rotating mechanism (2) are respectively provided with a first fixed seat (54) and a second fixed seat (55); The first stamping cylinder (52) is mounted on the first fixed base (54), and its output end is connected to the pressure sensor (56). The detection end of the pressure sensor (56) faces the mounting cavity (230) of the assembly fixture (23) and is used to detect the pressing pressure. The second stamping cylinder (53) is mounted on the second fixed base (55), and its output end is provided with a horizontally extending stamping plate (57). The stamping plate (57) is opposite to the connecting plate (236) and is used to drive the fixture (231) to push upward, and cooperate with the first stamping cylinder (52) to complete the pressing of the bearing and the cap.

10. The automatic bearing cap assembly machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding mechanism (6), which is located on one side of the feeding station and includes a third robot (61), a first housing (62), a second housing (63), a transmission component (64), and a waste box (65); The structure of the third robotic arm (61) is the same as that of the first robotic arm (41); The first housing (62) is fixedly mounted on the machine base (1) at an incline by a mounting bracket. One end of the housing is the discharge port, and the other end is connected to the second housing (63). The second housing (63) is vertically mounted on the machine base (1). The top of the second housing (63) forms a feed inlet, and the bottom forms a waste outlet. The waste box (65) is placed on the machine base (1) and is directly opposite the waste outlet. A baffle is rotatably provided inside the second housing (63) via a rotating shaft (66). The transmission component (64) is mounted on the first housing (62), and its piston rod is hinged to the rotating shaft (66) via a connecting rod. When the baffle closes the internal channel of the second housing (63), the feed port is connected to the discharge port. When the baffle opens the internal channel of the second housing (63), the feed port is connected to the waste port.

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