Anti-collision structure for plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant protection unmanned plane, proposes a kind of anti-collision structure for plant protection unmanned plane, including connecting assembly, the connecting assembly is symmetrically arranged on the landing gear of plant protection unmanned plane, the connecting assembly includes installation shell, the installation shell is fixedly connected on the landing gear of one side of unmanned plane, the bottom of the installation shell is fixedly connected with several support legs for take-off and landing buffer, the installation shell is fixedly connected with connecting plate, the second buffer assembly and the first buffer assembly are sequentially installed on the connecting plate, can the multi-direction collision force be guided to the anti-collision structure main body, the first buffer component is to cope with slight scratch and low-speed collision, when impact force breaks through the first buffer limit, trigger second buffer component. Through the above technical scheme, the problem that single buffer structure in the prior art cannot simultaneously adapt to slight scratch and other impacts, slight collision is easy to cause excessive structural loss, and strong collision is not sufficient in energy absorption, leading to the problem of protection failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural drone technology, specifically to an anti-collision structure for agricultural drones. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural drones are unmanned aerial vehicles specifically designed for plant protection operations in agriculture, forestry, and other fields. Their core purpose is to replace manual labor in field operations such as pesticide spraying, seed sowing, and crop monitoring. In complex operating scenarios such as farmland and orchards, agricultural drones need to fly at low altitudes to complete tasks such as pesticide spraying and crop monitoring. During flight and takeoff and landing, they are prone to collisions with obstacles such as tree branches, fences, and crop stalks.

[0003] In existing technologies, most anti-collision structures use elastic telescopic rods placed on the sides of the drone. However, the telescopic rod is a single buffer structure and cannot simultaneously adapt to minor scrapes, low-speed collisions, and high-intensity impacts. Minor collisions can easily cause excessive structural damage, while strong collisions can lead to protection failure due to insufficient energy absorption. Therefore, this utility model proposes an anti-collision structure for agricultural drones. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention proposes an anti-collision structure for plant protection drones, which solves the problem that the single buffer structure in related technologies cannot simultaneously adapt to minor scratches and other impacts, and that minor collisions can easily cause excessive structural damage, while strong collisions can lead to protection failure due to insufficient energy absorption.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A collision avoidance structure for an agricultural plant protection drone, including a connecting component, the connecting component being symmetrically arranged on the landing gear of the agricultural plant protection drone, the connecting component including a mounting shell, the mounting shell being fixedly connected to the landing gear on one side of the drone, the bottom of the mounting shell being fixedly connected to a plurality of support legs for landing cushioning, a connecting plate being fixedly connected to the mounting shell, and a second buffer component and a first buffer component being sequentially installed on the connecting plate; The second buffer assembly includes a buffer shell, which is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. Buffer foam is installed inside the buffer shell, and a through hole is provided in the center of the buffer foam. A guide seat is fixedly connected to the front end of the buffer shell, and a guide rod is slidably installed on the guide seat. An installation head is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod away from the guide seat, and a drum-shaped head is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod near the guide seat.

[0006] Preferably, the mounting head is fixedly connected with several threaded tapers, and the outer wall of the guide rod is fitted with a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the mounting head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide seat.

[0007] Preferably, the buffer shell is fixedly connected to both the left and right sides with limiting seats, and the inner wall of the limiting seats is provided with wedge-shaped elastic blocks.

[0008] Preferably, the mounting head is fixedly connected to both sides with limiting rods, and the limiting rods have a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks arranged in an array. The wedge-shaped blocks are engaged with the elastic blocks on the inner wall of the limiting seat.

[0009] The preferred first buffer assembly includes a mounting plate, which is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting head. A sleeve rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a sleeve is slidably mounted on the sleeve rod. A spring is provided between the sleeve and the mounting plate. Support plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve, and top rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve near the mounting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the sleeve and the end of the support plate are fixedly connected to a first annular shell, the first annular shell has an arc-shaped structure, and a second annular shell is rotatably installed on both sides of the first annular shell.

[0011] Preferably, limit plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the first annular shell, and the first buffer assembly also includes a buffer pad, which is fixedly connected to the ends of the second annular shell and the first annular shell.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: In this invention, multi-directional collision forces can be guided to the main body of the anti-collision structure, avoiding structural damage caused by localized force concentration. The second spring of the first buffer component achieves restorable elastic buffering by sliding along the sleeve rod through the sleeve, which is specifically designed to deal with minor scratches and low-speed collisions, ensuring that the structure is undamaged after a minor collision and does not affect subsequent use. When the impact force exceeds the first buffer limit, the top rod triggers the second buffer component. The first spring first performs preliminary elastic buffering, the one-way ratchet mechanism limits the rebound and retains the compression stroke, and then the drum-shaped head evenly squeezes the buffer foam and the threaded cone increases the contact area to improve shear resistance, forming a high-order energy absorption barrier.

[0013] In this invention, the one-way ratchet mechanism, through the one-way engagement characteristic of the wedge block and the elastic block, prevents the limit rod from rebounding on its own after the first collision, retaining the compressed stroke and avoiding the initial empty stroke during subsequent secondary collisions. It directly enters the higher-level buffer stage. The spherical design of the drum-shaped head can smoothly expand the foam through holes, generating uniform frictional resistance. When the threaded cone penetrates, it quickly increases the contact area, improves the extrusion and shear resistance, reduces the risk of secondary impact, and improves the protective reliability and service life of the anti-collision structure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1This is a perspective view of the entire utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting component structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer shell structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second buffer component of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first buffer component of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Connecting assembly; 101. Mounting shell; 102. Support leg; 103. Connecting plate; 2. Second buffer assembly; 201. Buffer shell; 202. Limiting seat; 203. Buffer foam; 204. Guide seat; 205. Mounting head; 206. Guide rod; 207. Drum-shaped head; 208. Threaded taper; 209. Limiting rod; 210. Wedge block; 211. Spring one; 3. First buffer assembly; 301. Mounting plate; 302. Sleeve rod; 303. Spring two; 304. Sleeve; 305. Top rod; 306. Support plate; 307. First annular shell; 308. Second annular shell; 309. Limiting plate; 310. Buffer pad. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0018] Example like Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment proposes a collision avoidance structure for an agricultural drone, including a connecting component 1. The connecting component 1 is symmetrically arranged on the landing gear of the agricultural drone. The connecting component 1 includes a mounting shell 101, which is fixedly connected to the landing gear on one side of the drone. Several support legs 102 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting shell 101 for landing cushioning. A connecting plate 103 is fixedly connected to the mounting shell 101. A second buffer component 2 and a first buffer component 3 are sequentially installed on the connecting plate 103. The second buffer component 2 and the first buffer component 3 provide collision protection for the drone. The second buffer component 2 includes a buffer shell 201, which is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 103. A buffer foam 203 is installed inside the buffer shell 201, and a through hole is provided in the center of the buffer foam 203. A guide seat 204 is fixedly connected to the front end of the buffer shell 201. A through hole is provided in the center of the guide seat 204. The size of the through hole is the same as that of the buffer foam 203. Several small through holes are evenly arranged around the outer ring of the guide seat 204. A guide rod 206 is slidably mounted on the guide seat 204. An installation head 205 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod 206 away from the guide seat 204. A drum-shaped head 207 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod 206 near the guide seat 204. Several threaded cones 208 are fixedly connected to the installation head 205. The threaded cones 208 slide in the small through holes on the outer ring of the guide seat 204. A spring 211 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod 206. One end of the spring 211 is fixedly connected to the installation head 205, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide seat 204.

[0019] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the buffer shell 201 is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the limiting seat 202, and the inner wall of the limiting seat 202 is provided with a wedge-shaped elastic block; the mounting head 205 is fixedly connected to the two sides of the limiting rod 209, and a number of wedge-shaped blocks 210 are arrayed on the limiting rod 209, and the wedge-shaped blocks 210 are engaged with the elastic blocks on the inner wall of the limiting seat 202. When a collision occurs, the impact force is transmitted to the mounting head 205 through the first buffer assembly 3, compressing the spring 211 for initial elastic buffering. Simultaneously, the limiting rods 209 on both sides of the mounting head 205 move accordingly. The wedge-shaped blocks 210 arrayed on the limiting rods 209 interact with the wedge-shaped elastic blocks on the inner wall of the limiting seat 202, forming a one-way ratchet mechanism. Under the initial impact, the limiting rods 209 can slide inward, but will be stuck by the elastic blocks and cannot rebound on their own. After the first collision, a portion of the compressed stroke is retained, so that if a subsequent collision occurs, the system will directly enter a higher level of buffering. Without initial free stroke, when the impact force overcomes the preload of spring 211, the mounting head 205 drives the guide rod 206 and the front drum head 207 and threaded cone 208 to penetrate into the buffer foam 203 together. The drum head 207 enters the through hole in the center of the buffer foam 203 first. Due to its spherical shape, it can smoothly compress and expand the diameter of the through hole, generating uniform frictional resistance. When the threaded cone 208 penetrates the foam, the contact area with the foam increases rapidly, resulting in an increase in compression and shear resistance, forming a high-order energy absorption barrier. The buffer foam 203 is preferably a closed-cell high-density polyethylene foam.

[0020] like Figure 5 As shown, the first buffer assembly 3 includes a mounting plate 301, which is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting head 205. A sleeve rod 302 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 301, and a sleeve 304 is slidably mounted on the sleeve rod 302. A spring 303 is provided between the sleeve 304 and the mounting plate 301. Support plates 306 are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve 304. Top rods 305 are symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve 304 near the mounting plate 301. A first annular shell 307 is fixedly connected to the ends of the sleeve 304 and the support plates 306. The first annular shell 307 has an arc-shaped structure. A second annular shell 308 is rotatably mounted on both sides of the first annular shell 307. Limiting plates 309 are fixedly connected to both ends of the first annular shell 307 to limit the rotation range of the second annular shell 308. The first buffer assembly 3 also includes a buffer pad 310, which is fixedly connected to the ends of the second annular shell 308 and the first annular shell 307.

[0021] The annular structure, consisting of a first annular shell 307 and two rotatable second annular shells 308, guides collisions from the front, rear, and sides to the main body of the anti-collision structure. The buffer pad 310 covers the outside of the annular shell, directly contacting the obstacle. It absorbs minor impacts through its own material deformation and increases friction to prevent hard slippage between the UAV and the obstacle. When the annular shell is impacted, the force is transmitted to the sleeve 304 through the support plate 306. The sleeve 304 slides along the sleeve rod 302, compressing the spring 303 between it and the mounting plate 301, providing a first-stage recoverable elastic buffer, mainly to deal with minor scrapes or low-speed collisions during flight. If the impact force is large enough, the displacement of the sleeve 304 will reach its limit. At this time, the end of the top rod 305 fixed to it will tightly abut against the mounting head 205. After that, any additional impact force will directly push the mounting head 205 through the top rod 305, thereby triggering the buffer of the second buffer assembly 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, when an agricultural drone collides during flight or takeoff and landing, the impact force first acts on the buffer pad 310 of the first buffer assembly 3. The buffer pad 310 absorbs the small impact energy through its own material deformation and increases friction to prevent the drone from hard slipping off the obstacle. The impact force is transmitted through the buffer pad 310 to the first annular shell 307 and the second annular shell 308. The first annular shell 307 and the second annular shell 308 guide the impact from the front, rear, or side to the main body of the anti-collision structure. Subsequently, the impact force is transmitted through the support plate 306 to the sleeve 304. The sleeve 304 slides along the sleeve rod 302, compressing the second spring 303, providing the first stage of recoverable elastic buffering, mainly used to deal with minor scrapes or low-speed collisions. If the impact force is large, the displacement of the sleeve 304 reaches its limit. At this time, the end of the top rod 305 fixed on the sleeve 304 tightly abuts against the mounting head 205, directly transmitting the impact force to the second buffer assembly 2. In component 2, the impact force is initially buffered by the compression spring 211 via the mounting head 205. Simultaneously, the limiting rods 209 on both sides of the mounting head 205 move accordingly. The wedge-shaped blocks 210 on the limiting rods 209 interact with the wedge-shaped elastic blocks on the inner wall of the limiting seat 202, forming a one-way ratchet mechanism. This allows the limiting rods 209 to slide inward but is locked to prevent rebound, thus preserving the compression stroke. This allows subsequent collisions to directly enter a higher level of buffering. When the impact force overcomes the preload of the spring 211, the mounting head 205 drives the guide rod 206 and the drum-shaped head 207 and threaded cone 208 at the front end to penetrate into the buffer foam 203. The drum-shaped head 207 enters the through hole in the center of the buffer foam 203 first. Due to its spherical shape, it compresses and expands the diameter of the through hole, generating uniform frictional resistance. When the threaded cone 208 penetrates the buffer foam 203, the contact area increases rapidly, leading to an increase in compression and shear resistance, forming a high-order energy absorption barrier, thereby effectively buffering strong collisions.

[0023] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A collision avoidance structure for agricultural drones, characterized in that, The device includes a connecting component (1), which is symmetrically arranged on the landing gear of the plant protection drone. The connecting component (1) includes a mounting shell (101), which is fixedly connected to the landing gear on one side of the drone. Several support legs (102) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting shell (101) for landing cushioning. A connecting plate (103) is fixedly connected to the mounting shell (101), and a second buffer component (2) and a first buffer component (3) are sequentially installed on the connecting plate (103). The second buffer assembly (2) includes a buffer shell (201), which is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (103). A buffer foam (203) is installed inside the buffer shell (201). A through hole is provided in the center of the buffer foam (203). A guide seat (204) is fixedly connected to the front end of the buffer shell (201). A guide rod (206) is slidably installed on the guide seat (204). An installation head (205) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod (206) away from the guide seat (204). A drum-shaped head (207) is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod (206) near the guide seat (204).

2. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting head (205) is fixedly connected with several threaded cones (208), and the outer wall of the guide rod (206) is fitted with a spring (211). One end of the spring (211) is fixedly connected to the mounting head (205), and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide seat (204).

3. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer shell (201) is fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the limiting seat (202), and the inner wall of the limiting seat (202) is provided with a wedge-shaped elastic block.

4. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting head (205) is fixedly connected to two sides of a limiting rod (209), and a number of wedge blocks (210) are arrayed on the limiting rod (209). The wedge blocks (210) are engaged with the elastic blocks on the inner wall of the limiting seat (202).

5. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer assembly (3) includes a mounting plate (301), which is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting head (205). A sleeve rod (302) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (301), and a sleeve (304) is slidably mounted on the sleeve rod (302). A spring (303) is provided between the sleeve (304) and the mounting plate (301). Support plates (306) are fixedly connected to both sides of the sleeve (304), and top rods (305) are symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve (304) near the mounting plate (301).

6. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sleeve (304) and the support plate (306) are fixedly connected together to a first annular shell (307). The first annular shell (307) has an arc-shaped structure, and a second annular shell (308) is rotatably installed on both sides of the first annular shell (307).

7. The anti-collision structure for a plant protection drone according to claim 6, characterized in that, Limiting plates (309) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first annular shell (307). The first buffer assembly (3) also includes a buffer pad (310), which is fixedly connected to the ends of the second annular shell (308) and the first annular shell (307).

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