A folding and unfolding machine with good adaptability

Abstract

This utility model discloses a highly adaptable pallet stacking and destacking machine, comprising a main frame, a drive mechanism, and a fork extension mechanism. A proximity switch assembly and a photoelectric sensor assembly are fixed to the inner side of the main frame. The drive mechanism includes a drive frame, with a transmission shaft, a lifting motor, and a single sprocket at its top. The fork extension mechanism includes a pallet lifting frame, with a bearing seat fixed to one side of the lifting frame. A swing shaft is positioned between the two bearing seats, and a fork is fixed to the bottom end of the swing shaft. A swing driven sprocket is keyed to the swing shaft. A swing motor is fixed to the other side of the lifting frame, and a swing drive sprocket is keyed to the output shaft of the swing motor. This highly adaptable pallet stacking and destacking machine has a compact structure and is easy to maintain. It solves the industry pain point of poor adaptability of traditional one-piece welded fork bodies, reduces the precision requirements for fork body installation, and reduces reliance on parts machining precision, significantly improving installation and debugging efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of intelligent warehousing technology, specifically relating to a pallet destacking and stacking machine with good adaptability. Background Technology

[0002] At the start and end points of automated warehouses or production lines, materials (such as raw materials and finished products) are typically stored and transported on pallets. When materials are removed, empty pallets are left behind; when new materials need to be added, empty pallets need to be prepared in advance. A pallet destacking and stacking machine is the "robot" that automates the handling of these empty pallets. It is an automated device specifically designed to separate empty pallets from a stack (destacking) or to neatly stack multiple empty pallets together (stacking). It is one of the key pieces of equipment for achieving automated pallet flow in modern logistics, warehousing, and production lines, greatly improving efficiency and reducing labor costs and intensity.

[0003] Existing pallet destacking machines typically use a one-piece welded fork body, which is non-adjustable and cannot be used with pallets of different sizes. Furthermore, the fork extension mechanism of existing machines is generally a linear slider, requiring high precision for installation, which is quite difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a more adaptable pallet destacking machine to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reversible tray stacking machine with good adaptability to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a reversible tray destacking and stacking machine, comprising: The main frame has double sprockets at both ends of the bottom inner side, and a proximity switch assembly and a photoelectric sensor assembly are fixed inside the main frame. The drive mechanism includes a drive frame fixed to the top of the main frame. The top of the drive frame is provided with a transmission shaft, a lifting motor and a single sprocket. The two ends of the transmission shaft are keyed to a double sprocket, and the output end of the lifting motor is keyed to a lifting wheel. The fork extension mechanism includes a lifting frame disposed inside the main frame. A bearing seat is fixed on one side of the lifting frame. A swing shaft is provided between two corresponding bearing seats in the vertical direction. A fork body is fixed at the bottom end of the swing shaft. A swing driven sprocket is keyed to the swing shaft. A swing motor is fixed on the other side of the lifting frame. A swing drive sprocket is keyed to the output shaft of the swing motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket are connected by a chain drive, and a tension sprocket is provided between the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket.

[0007] Furthermore, chain connectors are fixed at both the top and bottom ends of the lifting frame, and the chain connectors on the two lifting frames are connected to each other by a chain, which is engaged with a double sprocket and a single sprocket respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the top two ends of the lifting frame are fixed with track wheel uprights, and the track wheel uprights are provided with track wheels that are rotatably connected to the main frame.

[0009] Furthermore, protective edges are fixed to both ends of the side of the lifting frame.

[0010] Furthermore, a drive wheel is keyed to the drive shaft, and the drive wheel is correspondingly arranged with the lifting wheel and connected by a chain three-way transmission.

[0011] Furthermore, the main frame is fixed with support feet at the four bottom corners, and protective nets are provided on the bottom sides and top perimeter of the main frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the proximity switch assembly includes multiple proximity switches, which are respectively disposed at different height positions inside the main frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor assembly includes a transmitter and a receiver, which are respectively disposed on opposite sides inside the main frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the swing motor is a servo motor, which controls the rotation angle of the swing shaft through encoder feedback, and the lifting motor is a variable frequency motor, which adjusts the speed of the transmission shaft through a frequency converter.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: This highly adaptable pallet destacking and stacking machine has a compact structure and is easy to maintain, making it particularly suitable for high-density pallet transfer scenarios in logistics warehousing and production lines. Its innovative design achieves multiple technological breakthroughs, specifically manifested in: 1. By adopting an adjustable fork structure, the fork spacing can be infinitely adjusted by simply adjusting the bearing seat, adapting to pallet specifications of different lengths of the same width, thus solving the industry pain point of poor adaptability of traditional one-piece welded forks; 2. By rotating the swing shaft to drive the fork body to rotate together, the precision requirements for fork body installation are reduced, and the dependence on the machining precision of parts is reduced, resulting in a significant improvement in installation and debugging efficiency. 3. By adopting a coordinated layout of multiple proximity switches and photoelectric sensors, the position, stacking height and operating status of the pallet can be monitored in real time. Combined with the safety design of the protective net, the automation level of the equipment reaches the industry-leading level. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extension fork mechanism of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 100, Main frame; 101, Double sprocket one; 102, Proximity switch assembly; 103, Photoelectric sensor assembly; 104, Support foot; 105, Protective net; 200, Drive mechanism; 201, Drive frame; 202, Drive shaft; 203, Lifting motor; 204, Single sprocket; 205, Double sprocket two; 206, Lifting wheel; 207, Chain one; 208, Drive wheel; 209, Chain three; 300, Fork extension mechanism; 301, Lifting plate frame; 302, Bearing seat; 303, Swing shaft; 304, Fork body; 305, Swing driven sprocket; 306, Swing motor; 307, Swing driving sprocket; 308, Chain two; 309, Tensioning sprocket; 310, Chain connector; 311, Track wheel upright plate; 312, Track wheel; 313, Edge guard. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-4 The adaptable destacking and stacking machine shown includes: The main frame 100 has double sprockets 101 at both ends of the bottom inner side of the main frame 100, and a proximity switch assembly 102 and a photoelectric sensor assembly 103 are fixed on the inner side of the main frame 100. The drive mechanism 200 includes a drive frame 201 fixed to the top of the main frame 100. The top of the drive frame 201 is provided with a transmission shaft 202, a lifting motor 203 and a single sprocket 204. The two ends of the transmission shaft 202 are keyed to a double sprocket 205, and the output end of the lifting motor 203 is keyed to a lifting wheel 206. The fork extension mechanism 300 includes a lifting frame 301 disposed inside the main frame 100. A bearing seat 302 is fixed on one side of the lifting frame 301. A swing shaft 303 is disposed between two corresponding bearing seats 302 in the vertical direction. A fork body 304 is fixed to the bottom end of the swing shaft 303. A swing driven sprocket 305 is keyed to the swing shaft 303. A swing motor 306 is fixed on the other side of the lifting frame 301. A swing drive sprocket 307 is keyed to the output shaft of the swing motor 306.

[0022] For example, see Figure 4 As shown, the oscillating driven sprocket 305 and the oscillating driving sprocket 307 are connected by a chain 308, and a tension sprocket 309 is provided between the oscillating driven sprocket 305 and the oscillating driving sprocket 307.

[0023] In this technical solution, the swing drive sprocket 307 drives the swing driven sprocket 305 to rotate via the second chain 308, which in turn drives the swing shaft 303 and the fork 304 to rotate, realizing the extension and retraction of the fork 304. The tension sprocket 309 can tension the second chain 308, ensuring that the second chain 308 always maintains a suitable tension during the transmission process, avoiding transmission failure or chain derailment caused by chain slack, or avoiding increased wear between the chain and sprocket due to chain tension, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the equipment.

[0024] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, chain connectors 310 are fixed at both the top and bottom ends of the lifting frame 301. The chain connectors 310 on the two lifting frames 301 are connected to each other by chain 207. Chain 207 is engaged with double sprocket 101 and single sprocket 204 respectively.

[0025] In this technical solution, there are four chains 207 in total. One end of two chains 207 is fixedly connected to the chain connectors 310 at both ends of the top of the right-side lifting frame 301 (which is located on the same side as the single sprocket 204). After being redirected by the single sprocket 204 and the double sprocket 101, the other end of the chain 207 is fixedly connected to the chain connectors 310 at both ends of the bottom of the left-side lifting frame 301 (which is located on the same side as the double sprocket 101). One end of the other two chains 207 is fixedly connected to the chain connectors 310 at both ends of the top of the left-side lifting frame 301 (which is located on the same side as the double sprocket 101). After being redirected by the double sprocket 101, the other end of the chain 207 is fixedly connected to the chain connectors 310 at both ends of the bottom of the left-side lifting frame 301 (which is located on the same side as the double sprocket 101). Driven by the double sprocket 101 and the single sprocket 204, the chain 207 can drive the two pallet lifting frames 301 to move synchronously up and down, thereby realizing the pallet unloading and stacking operation. This structure makes the lifting of the pallet lifting frame 301 more stable and reliable, and improves the working stability of the equipment.

[0026] For example, see Figure 4 As shown, the top two ends of the lifting frame 301 are fixed with track wheel uprights 311, and the track wheel uprights 311 are provided with track wheels 312 that are rotatably connected to the main frame 100.

[0027] In this technical solution, the track wheel 312 rolls in cooperation with the main frame 100, which can effectively reduce the frictional resistance of the lifting frame 301 during the lifting process and reduce the energy consumption of the equipment. At the same time, the track wheel 312 can also play a guiding role, ensuring that the lifting frame 301 always moves along the preset trajectory to avoid deviation or shaking, and further improve the stability and reliability of the equipment operation.

[0028] For example, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, protective edges 313 are fixed at both ends of the side of the tray frame 301.

[0029] In this technical solution, the edge protector 313 can protect the sides of the lifting frame 301, preventing the lifting frame 301 from colliding with the pallet or other objects during equipment operation and causing damage, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0030] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, a drive wheel 208 is keyed to the drive shaft 202. The drive wheel 208 is correspondingly arranged with the lifting wheel 206 and is connected by a chain 209.

[0031] In this technical solution, after the lifting motor 203 starts, it drives the lifting wheel 206 to rotate. The lifting wheel 206 drives the transmission wheel 208 to rotate through the chain 3 209, which in turn causes the transmission shaft 202 to rotate synchronously. The double sprockets 205 at both ends of the transmission shaft 202 rotate accordingly, providing power for the transmission of the chain 1 207, thereby realizing the lifting action of the lifting frame 301. This transmission method has a simple and reliable structure, high power transmission efficiency, and can ensure the stable operation of the equipment.

[0032] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, support feet 104 are fixed at the four bottom corners of the main frame 100, and protective nets 105 are provided on the bottom sides and top perimeter of the main frame 100.

[0033] In this technical solution, the support foot 104 can stably support the equipment on the ground, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation. The protective net 105 can effectively prevent operators from accidentally touching the internal moving parts during equipment operation, avoiding safety accidents. At the same time, it can also prevent external debris from entering the equipment and affecting its normal operation, thus improving the safety of equipment use.

[0034] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, the proximity switch assembly 102 includes multiple proximity switches, which are respectively disposed at different height positions inside the main frame 100.

[0035] In this technical solution, multiple proximity switches can monitor the different height positions of the pallet within the equipment in real time. When the pallet moves into the sensing range of the proximity switch, the proximity switch will promptly send a signal to feed back the pallet's position information to the equipment's control system, thereby achieving precise control over the pallet's position. This provides reliable position data support for the automated operation of the equipment, ensuring that the equipment can accurately perform pallet unpacking and stacking operations, and avoiding operational errors or equipment malfunctions caused by misjudgment of position.

[0036] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, the photoelectric sensor assembly 103 includes a transmitter and a receiver, which are respectively disposed on opposite sides inside the main frame 100.

[0037] In this technical solution, the transmitter continuously emits light signals. When the pallet moves within the equipment, it blocks or reflects the light signals. The receiver receives the changed light signals, converts them into electrical signals, and transmits them to the control system. By analyzing the changes in the electrical signals, the control system can accurately determine the pallet's operating status, such as whether it is moving and its speed. It can also detect the pallet's stacking height. When the stacking height reaches a set value, the equipment will automatically stop the stacking operation to prevent safety hazards caused by excessive stacking. This multi-sensor collaborative approach greatly improves the equipment's monitoring accuracy and automation level of the pallet's operating status.

[0038] For example, the swing motor 306 is a servo motor, which controls the rotation angle of the swing shaft 303 through encoder feedback, and the lifting motor 203 is a variable frequency motor, which adjusts the speed of the transmission shaft 202 through a frequency converter.

[0039] In this technical solution, the equipment can dynamically adjust its operating parameters according to actual working conditions, thereby improving the equipment's adaptability and work efficiency.

[0040] Working Principle: When using this adaptable pallet stacking and destacking machine, the lifting motor 203 is first started. The lifting motor 203 drives the lifting wheel 206 to rotate. The lifting wheel 206 drives the transmission wheel 208 to rotate via chain 3 209, which in turn causes the transmission shaft 202 to rotate synchronously. The double sprockets 205 at both ends of the transmission shaft 202 rotate accordingly. Under the combined action of double sprockets 101 and single sprocket 204, chain 1 207 drives the two pallet lifting frames 301 to move synchronously up and down. During the lifting and lowering process of the pallet lifting frames 301, multiple proximity switches in the proximity switch assembly 102 monitor the different height positions of the pallets in the equipment in real time. At the same time, the photoelectric sensor assembly 103 accurately determines the running status and stacking height of the pallets. When the stacking height reaches the set value... When the equipment automatically stops stacking, and the position of the fork 304 needs to be adjusted, the oscillating motor 306 is started. The oscillating motor 306 drives the oscillating drive sprocket 307 to rotate. The oscillating drive sprocket 307 drives the oscillating driven sprocket 305 to rotate through the second chain 308, which in turn drives the oscillating shaft 303 and the fork 304 to rotate, realizing the extension and retraction of the fork 304. The tension sprocket 309 tensions the second chain 308 to ensure that the tension of the second chain 308 is appropriate during transmission. During the entire operation of the equipment, the support feet 104 firmly support the equipment on the ground to ensure stable operation. The protective net 105 prevents operators from accidentally touching the internal moving parts to avoid safety accidents, and also prevents external debris from entering the equipment and affecting normal operation. The edge protector 313 protects the sides of the pallet lifting frame 301 to prevent it from colliding with the pallet or other objects and causing damage, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A highly adaptable tray destacking and stacking machine, characterized in that, include: The main frame (100) has a double sprocket (101) at both ends of the bottom inner side of the main frame (100), and a proximity switch assembly (102) and a photoelectric sensor assembly (103) are fixed on the inner side of the main frame (100). The drive mechanism (200) includes a drive frame (201) fixed to the top of the main frame (100). The top of the drive frame (201) is provided with a transmission shaft (202), a lifting motor (203) and a single sprocket (204). The two ends of the transmission shaft (202) are keyed to a double sprocket (205), and the output end of the lifting motor (203) is keyed to a lifting wheel (206). The fork extension mechanism (300) includes a lifting frame (301) disposed inside the main frame (100). A bearing seat (302) is fixed on one side of the lifting frame (301). A swing shaft (303) is provided between two corresponding bearing seats (302) in the vertical direction. A fork body (304) is fixed at the bottom end of the swing shaft (303). A swing driven sprocket (305) is keyed to the swing shaft (303). A swing motor (306) is fixed on the other side of the lifting frame (301). A swing driving sprocket (307) is keyed to the output shaft of the swing motor (306).

2. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillating driven sprocket (305) and the oscillating driving sprocket (307) are connected by a chain (308), and a tension sprocket (309) is provided between the oscillating driven sprocket (305) and the oscillating driving sprocket (307).

3. The adaptable tray destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chain connectors (310) are fixed at both the top and bottom ends of the lifting frame (301). The chain connectors (310) on the two lifting frames (301) are connected to each other by chain one (207). Chain one (207) is engaged with double sprocket one (101) and single sprocket (204) respectively.

4. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top two ends of the lifting frame (301) are fixed with track wheel uprights (311), and the track wheel uprights (311) are provided with track wheels (312) that are tactilely connected to the main frame (100).

5. The adaptable tray destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the side of the tray frame (301) are fixed with protective edges (313).

6. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive wheel (208) is keyed to the drive shaft (202). The drive wheel (208) is correspondingly arranged with the lifting wheel (206) and is connected by a chain (209).

7. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame (100) is fixed with support feet (104) at the four bottom corners, and the main frame (100) is provided with protective nets (105) on the bottom sides and top perimeter.

8. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximity switch assembly (102) includes a plurality of proximity switches, which are respectively disposed at different height positions inside the main frame (100).

9. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensor assembly (103) includes a transmitter and a receiver, which are respectively located on opposite sides inside the main frame (100).

10. The adaptable destacking and stacking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing motor (306) is a servo motor, which controls the rotation angle of the swing shaft (303) through encoder feedback. The lifting motor (203) is a variable frequency motor, which adjusts the speed of the transmission shaft (202) through a frequency converter.

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