A plate separating mechanism for a plate stacking machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of plate separating mechanism for plate feeding machine, relate to plate feeding machine technical field, the plate separating mechanism for plate feeding machine, including machine body and the material frame being set on it, further including mounting bracket and the plate separating mechanism being set on it, mounting bracket and plate separating mechanism are respectively and spacedly provided with two groups, two groups of plate separating mechanism cooperation, to store pcb board;The plate separating mechanism includes placing piece, plate separating piece and pusher piece.The utility model pcb board can be tightly stacked, compared with the conventional material frame needs to be reserved for push plate mechanism a large number of operating space, in the material frame of same volume, more pcb board can be stored, reduces the frequency of changing material, improves the equipment comprehensive efficiency, and prevent the concomitant lifting caused by interplate adsorption, solve the problem of "pushing more board once", and effectively overcome the problem of push rod skidding, clamping board and unstable friction caused by water film under humid environment, ensure the smooth and reliable of pushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of board loading machine technology, specifically a board splitting mechanism for board loading machines. Background Technology

[0002] The SMT board loading machine is a key piece of equipment at the beginning of an automated production line. It is responsible for separating and pushing multiple PCBs stored in the material basket one by one onto the production line in an orderly manner. The reliability of its board separation and pushing process directly determines the operating efficiency and stability of the entire production line.

[0003] In existing technologies, PCB (PCB board) loading machines typically use fixed-gap metal or plastic guide rails to guide and support the PCB, and push it using lateral push rods. However, in actual production processes, especially in high-humidity environments such as coastal areas, rainy seasons, or specific humid process workshops, this type of structure reveals significant drawbacks: Humid air causes condensation on the PCB surface and guide rails, significantly altering the coefficient of friction. Unstable static friction between the push rod and the PCB, and between the PCB and the guide rail, leads to push rod slippage, weak pushing, or PCB jamming in the guide rails. Even with gaps between PCBs, the microscopic water film still generates capillary adhesion, causing PCBs to "stick" together. This adhesion can easily push out multiple PCBs simultaneously, causing malfunctions. Furthermore, the fixed spacing design results in low space utilization in the material frame.

[0004] Therefore, how to prevent PCB board displacement failure and improve the utilization rate of the material frame in a humid environment is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a PCB splitting mechanism for a board loading machine, including a machine body and a material frame mounted thereon, a mounting frame and a PCB splitting mechanism mounted thereon, and two sets of the mounting frame and PCB splitting mechanism are arranged side by side and spaced apart. The PCB splitting mechanism is mounted on the mounting frame, and the two sets of PCB splitting mechanisms cooperate to store PCB boards. The PCB splitting mechanism includes a placement component, a PCB splitting component, and a pushing component. Multiple sets of the placement component and PCB splitting component are arranged side by side and spaced apart. A PCB splitting component is movably connected between two sets of placement components. Four sets of pushing components are arranged in a row and symmetrically, located on the upper sides of the material frame, to push the PCB splitting component to move the corresponding placement component upward, thereby moving the PCB board to be unloaded upward. The placement component includes a guide rail, a support component, and a pressing component. The support component includes fixed ball bearings to support the PCB board. The pressing component includes movable ball bearings and an adaptive spring to press and limit the PCB board.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the guide rail is slidably mounted on the mounting frame. The end of the guide rail is horizontally C-shaped for storing PCB boards. Mounting plates are symmetrically fixed on the side of the guide rail near the mounting frame. The partition component is mounted on the mounting plate, and a round hole adapted to the pusher component is opened on the end of the mounting plate away from the guide rail. A sliding plate is fixed in the middle part of the side of the guide rail near the mounting frame and is located between the two mounting plates. A guide rod is fixed on the mounting frame and passes through the sliding plate.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the support members and the extrusion members are arranged side by side and spaced apart, and are detachably installed on the guide rail; the support members and the extrusion members each include a base, the base includes a column and two symmetrical outer plates, and the two outer plates are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the column.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the base of the support member is engaged at the bottom of the guide rail, and the base of the extrusion member is engaged at the top of the guide rail. The top and bottom of the guide rail are respectively provided with slots that are compatible with the base. Elastic cards are respectively installed on both sides of the base, and the inner sidewall of the slot is provided with a card groove that is compatible with the elastic card.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a ball seat is installed between the movable ball and the adaptive spring. The ball seat is movably connected to the upper base and extends into the base. The adaptive spring is installed in the upper base. The fixed ball is rotatably installed in the lower base.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the partition plate includes a push plate, a movable plate and a connecting spring. The connecting spring is installed between the inner side wall of the mounting plate and the movable plate. The movable plate is slidably connected to the mounting plate, and its upper end is rotatably located at the lower end of the push plate. The upper end of the push plate is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate above the mounting plate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the pushing component includes a push rod, a fixing plate, and an electric push rod. The electric push rod is installed on the machine body, the fixing plate is installed on the movable end of the electric push rod, and the push rod is fixed on the fixing plate. Multiple push rods are arranged side by side and are adapted to the round holes opened on the mounting plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This board feeding machine uses a board separating mechanism. With this mechanism, only a small space needs to be reserved for the topmost PCB board to be pushed out. The PCB boards can be stacked tightly. Compared with the traditional material frame that requires a large amount of operating space for the pushing mechanism, more PCB boards can be stored in the same volume of material frame, reducing the frequency of material changing and improving the overall efficiency of the equipment. At the same time, the pushing component plays a mechanical locking role on the PCB board below while lifting the target PCB board, preventing the PCB board from being lifted together due to adsorption between boards. This solves the problem of "pushing multiple boards at once" and changes sliding friction to rolling friction. It effectively overcomes the problems of push rod slippage, board jamming and unstable friction caused by water film in humid environments, ensuring smooth and reliable pushing.

[0014] 2. The upper plate adopts a split plate mechanism. With the cooperation of the base and the elastic card, it can be quickly disassembled and assembled when the ball bearing is damaged, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material frame structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting bracket of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the elastic card and the guide rail of this utility model; Figure 6 This utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Material frame; 3. Mounting frame; 4. Guide rail; 5. Mounting plate; 6. Slide plate; 7. Guide rod; 8. Push plate; 9. Moving plate; 10. Connecting spring; 11. Insert rod; 12. Fixed plate; 13. Electric push rod; 14. Base; 15. Fixed ball; 16. Moving ball; 17. Adaptive spring; 18. Ball seat; 19. Elastic card. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-6This utility model discloses a board-splitting mechanism for a board loading machine, including a machine body 1 and a material frame 2 disposed thereon, as well as a mounting frame 3 and a board-splitting mechanism disposed thereon. The mounting frame 3 and the board-splitting mechanism are arranged side by side and spaced apart in two sets. The distance between the two sets of mounting frames 3 is adjustable (existing technology). The board-splitting mechanism is mounted on the mounting frame 3. The two sets of board-splitting mechanisms cooperate to store PCB boards.

[0019] Multiple PCB partitioning mechanisms are installed side-by-side on the mounting frame 3. The partitioning mechanisms at corresponding positions on the two sets of mounting frames 3 work together to form independent PCB board channels for storing PCB boards.

[0020] The PCB separation mechanism includes placement components, separation components, and pushing components. The placement components and separation components are arranged in multiple sets side by side and spaced apart. A set of separation components is movably connected between two sets of placement components. Four sets of pushing components are arranged in rows and symmetrically, located on the upper sides of the material frame 2, and are used to push the separation components to push the corresponding placement components upward, so that the PCB board to be unloaded moves upward.

[0021] Specifically, the partition includes a push plate 8, a movable plate 9, and a connecting spring 10. The connecting spring 10 is installed between the inner side wall of the mounting plate 5 and the movable plate 9. The movable plate 9 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 5, and its upper end is rotatably located at the lower end of the push plate 8. The upper end of the push plate 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 5 above the mounting plate 5.

[0022] The pushing component includes a push rod 11, a fixing plate 12, and an electric push rod 13. The electric push rod 13 is mounted on the machine body 1, and the fixing plate 12 is mounted on the movable end of the electric push rod 13. The push rod 11 is fixed on the fixing plate 12, and multiple push rods are arranged side by side, which are adapted to the round holes opened on the mounting plate 5.

[0023] The guide rail 4 is slidably mounted on the mounting bracket 3. The end of the guide rail 4 is horizontally C-shaped to store the PCB board. The mounting plate 5 is symmetrically fixed on the side of the guide rail 4 near the mounting bracket 3. The sub-board is mounted on the mounting plate 5, and the end of the mounting plate 5 away from the guide rail 4 has a round hole that matches the pusher.

[0024] A slide plate 6 is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the guide rail 4 near the mounting bracket 3 and is located between two mounting plates 5. A guide rod 7 is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 3 and passes through the slide plate 6.

[0025] In this embodiment, the mounting plate 5 on the uppermost guide rail 4 is not equipped with a partition plate, but its bottom is rotatably connected to the push plate 8 in the partition plate on the lower mounting plate 5. The bottom of the mounting plate 5 on the lowermost guide rail 4 is not connected to the push plate 8, but a partition plate is installed on its top. The slide plate 6 on the guide rail 4 and the mounting plate 5 are both slidably connected to the mounting frame 3 and pass through the mounting frame 3.

[0026] When the material frame 2 moves to the unloading position under the action of the machine body 1, the PCB board to be unloaded moves to the set position. The electric push rod 13 pushes the insertion rod 11 to move through the fixing plate 12 and inserts it into the mounting plate 5 in the placement parts on both sides of the PCB board below the unloading PCB board. It squeezes and pushes the moving plate 9, and the connecting spring 10 is compressed. The moving plate 9 pushes the push plate 8. Under the limiting guidance of the guide rod 7, the guide rails 4, mounting plate 5 and slide plate 6 on both sides of the unloading PCB board move upward, so that the unloading PCB board moves to the unloading position, and the pushing structure in the machine body 1 pushes it out.

[0027] After being pushed out, the electric push rod 13 resets. Under the action of the resetting connecting spring 10 and the gravity of the placement part, the upward-moving guide rail 4 falls back to its original position. The machine body 1 then drives the material frame 2 to continue moving upward. This process can be repeated.

[0028] When in a humid environment, the water film on the PCB board and the metal or plastic surface of the traditional guide rail will form an unstable lubrication layer, which will cause a sharp reduction in static friction and cause the push rod to slip, or cause a sudden increase in dynamic friction due to capillary adsorption and cause jamming, or cause the problem of pushing multiple boards at once.

[0029] In this process, PCBs that need to be unloaded from stacked PCBs can be separated for unloading by the pusher structure. In humid environments, the insertion of the insert rod 11 not only pushes the PCB to be unloaded upwards but also limits the placement components on both sides of the PCB below, preventing a sudden increase in dynamic friction due to capillary adhesion, which could cause the PCB below to move. With the vertically movable placement components and the separate and pusher components, only a small upward movement space needs to be reserved at the top of the material frame 2. Multiple PCBs can be stacked close together, avoiding the waste of storage space in the material frame 2 and the impact on equipment efficiency caused by reserving sufficient space above and below the PCB placement space to accommodate the pusher structure.

[0030] The placement component includes a guide rail 4, a support component, and a pressing component. The support component includes a fixed ball bearing 15 for supporting the PCB board. The pressing component includes a movable ball bearing 16 and an adaptive spring 17 for pressing and limiting the PCB board.

[0031] Specifically, multiple support components and extrusion components are arranged side by side and spaced apart, and are detachably installed on the guide rail 4. Each support component and extrusion component includes a base 14, which includes a column and two symmetrical outer plates, which are fixed to the top and bottom of the column respectively.

[0032] A ball seat 18 is installed between the movable ball 16 and the adaptive spring 17. The ball seat 18 is movably connected to the upper base 14 and extends into the base 14. The adaptive spring 17 is installed in the upper base 14. The fixed ball 15 is rotatably installed in the lower base 14.

[0033] In this embodiment, a row of support members is installed at the bottom of the guide rail 4. The support members are securely locked in the slots at the bottom of the guide rail 4 by their bases 14 and by elastic clips 19. Multiple freely rotatable fixed balls 15 jointly support the bottom surface of the PCB board.

[0034] A row of pressing parts is installed at the top of the guide rail 4. Its base 14 is also fixed to the slot at the top of the guide rail 4 by elastic clips 19. The ball seat 18 floats downwards under the action of the adaptive spring 17, causing the movable ball 16 to always press firmly against the upper surface of the PCB board. The spring force ensures that the movable ball 16 maintains good contact with the PCB board regardless of its thickness, providing stable rolling limit rather than rigid jamming. This adapts to PCB boards of different thicknesses, improving the device's compatibility.

[0035] By using the ball bearings (movable ball bearing 16 and fixed ball bearing 15), the surface contact sliding friction between the PCB board and the guide rail 4 is transformed into point contact rolling friction. Regardless of whether a water film forms on the board surface, the only resistance required to push the PCB board is the slight resistance of the ball bearings themselves rotating, thus fundamentally eliminating the aforementioned problems and ensuring that the PCB board can be pushed with minimal and stable resistance even in humid environments.

[0036] Specifically, the base 14 in the support is engaged at the bottom of the guide rail 4, and the base 14 in the extrusion is engaged at the top of the guide rail 4. The top and bottom of the guide rail 4 are respectively provided with slots that are compatible with the base 14. Elastic cards 19 are installed on both sides of the base 14, and the inner sidewall of the slot is provided with a card slot that is compatible with the elastic card 19.

[0037] In this embodiment, the base 14 is fixed by the elastic card 19, which makes it easy to disassemble the corresponding base 14 according to the usage requirements or when the structure on the base 14 is damaged, rather than disassembling the entire guide rail 4, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and easy to operate.

[0038] The working principle and usage process of this utility model are as follows: During use, the PCB board is manually or automatically placed into the respective board-separating channels of the material frame 2 (i.e., between the two guide rails 4 at the corresponding positions of the two sets of mounting brackets 3), and placed on the fixed ball bearings 15 at the bottom to prevent the PCB board from being stored in an overly humid environment, which would affect the conveying. Subsequently, the movable ball bearings 16 at the top are automatically pressed down under the action of the adaptive spring 17, gently and stably clamping the PCB board between the upper and lower rows of ball bearings (movable ball bearings 16 and fixed ball bearings 15). After the loading is completed, the material frame 2 is conveyed to the machine body 1 and moved to the unloading position. The PCB board to be unloaded is moved to the set position. Position: The electric push rod 13 pushes the insertion rod 11 to move and insert it into the mounting plate 5 in the placement parts on both sides of the PCB board below the PCB board to be unloaded. It squeezes and pushes the moving plate 9, and the connecting spring 10 is compressed. The moving plate 9 pushes the push plate 8. Under the limiting guidance of the guide rod 7, the guide rails 4, mounting plate 5 and slide plate 6 on both sides of the PCB board to be unloaded move upward, so that the PCB board to be unloaded moves to the unloading position. The pushing structure in the machine body 1 pushes it out. After being pushed out, the electric push rod 13 resets. Under the reset of the connecting spring 10 and the action of gravity, the upward-moving guide rail 4 falls back to reset. The machine body 1 drives the material frame 2 to continue to move upward. The operation can be repeated.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A board separating mechanism for a board stacking machine, comprising a machine body (1) and a material frame (2) provided on the machine body (1), characterized in that, It also includes a mounting frame (3) and a PCB separation mechanism on it. The mounting frame (3) and the PCB separation mechanism are arranged side by side and spaced apart. The PCB separation mechanism is installed on the mounting frame (3). The two sets of PCB separation mechanisms cooperate to store the PCB board. The PCB separation mechanism includes a placement component, a PCB separation component, and a pushing component. The placement component and the PCB separation component are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in multiple sets. A PCB separation component is movably connected between two sets of placement components. The pushing component is arranged in four sets in parallel and symmetrically, and is located above the outer sides of the material frame (2) to push the PCB separation component, thereby pushing the corresponding placement component to move upward, so that the PCB to be unloaded moves upward. The placement component includes a guide rail (4), a support component, and a pressing component. The support component includes a fixed ball bearing (15) for supporting the PCB board. The pressing component includes a movable ball bearing (16) and an adaptive spring (17) for pressing and limiting the PCB board.

2. The board separating mechanism for a board stacking machine according to claim 1, wherein: The guide rail (4) is slidably mounted on the mounting frame (3). The end of the guide rail (4) is horizontally C-shaped for storing PCB boards. The guide rail (4) is symmetrically fixed with mounting plates (5) on the side near the mounting frame (3). The sub-board is mounted on the mounting plate (5), and the mounting plate (5) has a round hole adapted to the pusher at the end away from the guide rail (4). The guide rail (4) has a slide plate (6) fixed in the middle part near the mounting frame (3) and is located between two mounting plates (5). A guide rod (7) is fixed on the mounting frame (3) and passes through the slide plate (6).

3. The board separating mechanism for a board stacking machine according to claim 2, wherein: The support members and the extrusion members are arranged side by side and spaced apart, and are detachably installed on the guide rail (4); The support and the extrusion component each include a base (14), the base (14) includes a column and two symmetrical outer plates, the two outer plates are respectively fixed to the top and bottom of the column.

4. The board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (14) in the support is engaged at the bottom of the guide rail (4), and the base (14) in the extrusion is engaged at the top of the guide rail (4). The top and bottom of the guide rail (4) are respectively provided with slots that are compatible with the base (14). The base (14) has elastic cards (19) installed on both sides, and the inner sidewall of the slot is provided with a card slot that matches the elastic card (19).

5. A board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ball seat (18) is installed between the movable ball (16) and the adaptive spring (17). The ball seat (18) is movably connected to the upper base (14) and extends into the base (14). The adaptive spring (17) is installed in the upper base (14). The fixed ball (15) is rotatably mounted in the base (14) below.

6. A board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition plate includes a push plate (8), a movable plate (9), and a connecting spring (10). The connecting spring (10) is installed between the inner side wall of the mounting plate (5) and the movable plate (9). The movable plate (9) is slidably connected to the mounting plate (5), and its upper end is rotatably located at the lower end of the push plate (8). The upper end of the push plate (8) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (5) above the mounting plate (5).

7. A board-splitting mechanism for a board-loading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing component includes a push rod (11), a fixing plate (12), and an electric push rod (13). The electric push rod (13) is installed on the machine body (1), the fixing plate (12) is installed on the movable end of the electric push rod (13), and the push rod (11) is fixed on the fixing plate (12) and multiple push rods are arranged side by side, which are adapted to the round holes opened on the mounting plate (5).

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