A C-type lifting tool for assembling precast roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations

Abstract

This utility model discloses a C-type lifting tool for assembling rectangular prefabricated subway station roof slabs, including a main frame, a cable-stayed restraint assembly, a vertically adjustable positioning assembly, a longitudinally adjustable positioning assembly, and a counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly. The main frame has a C-shaped opening structure. The cable-stayed restraint assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame. The vertically adjustable positioning assembly is located on the main frame and is used to adjust the vertical position or angle of the prefabricated roof slab. The longitudinally adjustable positioning assembly is located on the main frame and is used to adjust the longitudinal position of the prefabricated roof slab. The counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly is located on the back of the main frame and is used to adjust the counterweight of the lifting tool to balance the center of gravity of the prefabricated roof slab. Through the synergistic effect of these components, the problems of low precision, poor efficiency, and high safety risks of traditional lifting tools are comprehensively solved, enabling precise assembly, safe lifting, and construction without dismantling supports for prefabricated roof slabs, significantly improving project quality and construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of construction technology for rectangular prefabricated subway stations, specifically to a C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of rectangular prefabricated subway stations, the assembly quality of precast roof slabs directly determines the structural safety and construction efficiency. Existing technologies present significant problems in the hoisting of precast roof slabs. Current hoisting equipment lacks effective component restraint mechanisms, making the roof slabs prone to tilting and swaying due to uneven loads during hoisting, leading to excessive assembly deviations and affecting structural sealing and integrity. Traditional hoisting equipment has insufficient structural adaptability; it cannot avoid the first concrete support, requiring additional support removal and repositioning procedures, thus increasing the construction period for each ring of roof slabs, and the dismantling process can easily damage the stability of the foundation pit. The positioning and adjustment mechanism is crudely designed, only achieving centimeter-level adjustments, which is insufficient to meet the high-precision requirements of precast component docking, and lacks independent vertical and longitudinal adjustment functions, resulting in low assembly alignment efficiency. The load balance of the hoisting equipment relies on experience-based judgment, lacking quantitative counterweight adjustment methods, which can easily lead to tipping risks when the center of gravity of the roof slab shifts, seriously threatening construction safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A C-type lifting tool for assembling precast roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations, comprising: The main frame has a C-shaped opening structure; The cable-stayed restraint components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame. The cable-stayed restraint components are used to connect with the precast roof slab and constrain it to limit the swaying and tilting of the precast roof slab. The vertical positioning adjustable component is set on the main frame and is used to adjust the vertical position or angle of the precast top slab. The longitudinal positioning adjustable component is set on the main frame and is used to adjust the longitudinal position of the precast top slab. The counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly is located at the back of the main frame. The counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly is used to adjust the counterweight of the lifting device to balance the center of gravity of the precast roof slab.

[0005] Furthermore, the cable-stayed restraint assembly includes a connecting lock that connects to the lifting point of the precast roof slab, a shackle that cooperates with the connecting lock and is used to transmit force flow, and a rigging screw that cooperates with the shackle and is used to adjust the length. The end of the rigging screw away from the shackle is connected to the main frame. The cable-stayed restraint assembly forms a symmetrical restraint on the precast roof slab through pre-tensioning force.

[0006] Furthermore, the vertical positioning adjustable component includes a support set on the main frame, a fixing plate set on the support, and a pad connected to the fixing plate by a pin. The thickness of the pad can be changed to adjust the horizontal angle of the precast top slab.

[0007] Furthermore, a rubber pad is provided on the upper surface of the fixing plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal positioning adjustable component includes a fixed frame mounted on the main frame, a nut mounted on the fixed frame, an adjustable screw threaded into the nut, and a nylon head mounted at the end of the adjustable screw.

[0009] Furthermore, the counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly includes modular counterweight blocks installed on the back of the main frame, sensors for detecting the tilt angle of the precast roof slab, and a control system for controlling the counterweight adjustment. By adding or removing counterweight blocks, the center of gravity of the main frame and the precast roof slab are aligned on the same vertical line.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner side of the C-shaped opening structure of the main frame adopts a rounded transition.

[0011] Furthermore, the opening size of the main frame is adapted to the first concrete support of the rectangular prefabricated subway station, allowing passage under the first concrete support.

[0012] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: The C-shaped lifting tool for assembling rectangular prefabricated subway station roof slabs provided by this utility model has a reliable structure. The overall C-shaped structure allows for spatial avoidance of the first concrete support, eliminating the need for support removal and repositioning, significantly shortening the construction period and ensuring the stability of the foundation pit. The inclined cable constraint component effectively limits the swaying and tilting of the roof slab through symmetrical pre-tightening force, improving lifting stability. The vertical and longitudinal positioning adjustable components, combined with a laser positioning instrument, achieve millimeter-level precise alignment, meeting the high-precision assembly requirements of prefabricated components. The counterweight adjustment and balancing component uses sensors and a control system to achieve quantitative load adjustment, eliminating the risk of tipping over due to center of gravity shift. These four core design features work synergistically to comprehensively solve the problems of low precision, poor efficiency, and high safety risks associated with traditional lifting tools, achieving precise assembly, safe lifting, and support-free construction of prefabricated roof slabs, greatly improving project quality and construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device structure in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical positioning adjustable component structure in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal positioning adjustable component structure in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device in use according to this utility model; Figures 1 to 4 The reference numerals in the attached drawings represent: 1-main frame, 2-stayed cable restraint assembly, 3-vertical positioning adjustable assembly, 4-longitudinal positioning adjustable assembly, 5-counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly, 6-first concrete support, 20-connecting lock, 21-shackle, 22-rigging screw, 30-support, 31-fixing plate, 32-pin, 33-pad, 34-rubber pad, 40-fixing frame, 41-nut, 42-adjustable screw, 43-nylon head, 10-precast roof slab. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a C-type lifting tool for assembling precast roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations includes a main frame 1, a cable restraint assembly 2, a vertical positioning adjustable assembly 3, a longitudinal positioning adjustable assembly 4, and a counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly 5.

[0016] In this embodiment, the main frame 1 serves as the load-bearing foundation for the lifting equipment. The main frame 1 features a C-shaped opening structure, the size of which is adapted to the spacing of the first concrete support 6 in a rectangular prefabricated subway station (opening height 4.6m, depth ≥2m, overall height 6.5m). It can pass directly under the concrete support, allowing the top panel to be lifted directly to the assembly position without dismantling the support, achieving interference-free construction with "supports not removed, lifting equipment passes directly." Simultaneously, it is integrally welded from Q355B low-alloy high-strength steel plates, verified by finite element analysis (maximum stress ≤235MPa, maximum deformation ≤2mm), ensuring that the strength and stability requirements for the top panel lifting are met. The inner side of the C-shaped opening structure of the main frame 1 uses a rounded transition to avoid rigid collision with the concrete support. Wear-resistant lining plates (10mm thick, Mn13 material) are installed at the opening edges to improve wear resistance when in contact with the support.

[0017] In this embodiment, the cable-stayed restraint assembly 2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame 1. The cable-stayed restraint assembly 2 is used to connect with and constrain the precast roof slab 10 to limit the swaying and tilting of the precast roof slab 10. Specifically, the cable-stayed restraint assembly 2 includes a connecting lock 20 connected to the lifting point of the precast roof slab 10, a shackle 21 connected to the connecting lock 20 and used to transmit force flow, and a rigging screw 22 connected to the shackle 21 and used to adjust the length. The end of the rigging screw 22 away from the shackle 21 is connected to the main frame 1. The cable-stayed restraint assembly 2 forms a symmetrical constraint on the precast roof slab 10 through pre-tensioning force. As a component directly connected to the precast roof slab 10, the core function of the connecting lock 20 is to achieve a rigid connection with the reserved lifting point of the precast roof slab 10, ensuring that slippage does not occur during the hoisting process. The connecting lock 20 adopts a duckbill buckle with a rated load capacity of 35t, which can stably grasp the lifting point of the roof slab, providing a basic connection guarantee for subsequent force transmission and constraint. Shackle 21 connects the connecting lock 20 and the rigging screw 22. Its main function is to transmit force. Employing a 50t-class high-strength shackle 21, it stably transfers the load of the top plate borne by the connecting lock 20 to the rigging screw 22. Simultaneously, it adapts to angle changes during hoisting, acting as a force transfer and buffer, ensuring the continuity and safety of force transmission. Rigging screw 22 is connected to shackle 21 at one end and fixed to the main frame 1 at the other. It is a key component for length adjustment and preload application. Its adjustment range is 200-400mm, and the screw specification is M50. By rotating, a preload of 0-10t can be applied. By changing its own length, the tension of the stay cables can be adjusted, thereby forming a symmetrical constraint force on the precast top plate 10. It is the core adjustment component for controlling the swaying and tilting of the top plate.

[0018] Since the cable restraint components 2 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main frame 1, the preload on both sides forms a symmetrical constraint on the top plate. The symmetrical preload will exert a constraint force towards the center on the top plate, limiting the swing amplitude of the top plate in the X-axis (lateral) and Y-axis (longitudinal) directions (controlled within ±3mm), while suppressing the tilt angle in the Z-axis (vertical) direction (≤0.5°), thereby reducing swaying and tilting during hoisting, ensuring the stability of the top plate, and providing conditions for subsequent precise assembly.

[0019] In this embodiment, the vertical positioning adjustable component 3 is mounted on the main frame 1. The vertical positioning adjustable component 3 is used to adjust the vertical position or angle of the precast top slab 10. Specifically, the vertical positioning adjustable component 3 includes a support 30 mounted on the main frame 1, a fixing plate 31 mounted on the support 30, and a pad 33 connected to the fixing plate 31 via a pin 32. A rubber pad 34 is provided on the upper surface of the fixing plate 31. The thickness of the pad 33 can be changed to adjust the horizontal angle of the precast top slab 10. The support 30, as the basic load-bearing component of the vertical positioning adjustable component 3, is fixedly mounted on the main frame 1 to support the fixing plate 31 and the subsequently connected pad 33, providing a stable installation reference for the entire vertical adjustment structure and ensuring the overall structural stability of the component during adjustment. The fixing plate 31 is connected to the support 30 and forms a movable connection with the pad 33 via a pin 32. Its main function is to support the pad 33 and provide a fulcrum for the angle adjustment of the pad 33. The rigid structure of the fixed plate 31 ensures that the pad 33 will not deform excessively under stress, laying the foundation for the stable adjustment of the pad 33. The pad 33 is the core actuator for realizing vertical angle adjustment. It is connected to the fixed plate 31 through the pin 32 and can rotate around the pin 32 at a certain angle. Its thickness can be changed according to the adjustment requirements of the horizontal angle of the precast roof slab 10 (such as selecting pads of different thicknesses). By changing the contact height between the pad 33 and the precast roof slab 10, the horizontal tilt angle of the roof slab can be indirectly adjusted (for example, tilting the roof slab backward to facilitate the insertion of the tenon into the mortise), thereby meeting the angle adaptation requirements when the precast components are joined. The pin 32 is a key connector connecting the fixed plate 31 and the pad 33, allowing the pad 33 to rotate relative to the fixed plate 31, providing freedom of movement for the angle adjustment of the pad 33, and ensuring that the pad 33 can maintain good contact with the precast roof slab 10 when changing to pads of different thicknesses, thus achieving smooth angle adjustment.

[0020] In this embodiment, the longitudinal positioning adjustable component 4 is mounted on the main frame 1. The longitudinal positioning adjustable component 4 is used to adjust the longitudinal position of the precast top slab 10. Specifically, the longitudinal positioning adjustable component 4 includes a fixed frame 40 mounted on the main frame 1, a nut 41 mounted on the fixed frame 40, an adjustable screw 42 threadedly engaged with the nut 41, and a nylon head 43 at the end of the adjustable screw 42. The fixed frame 40 serves as the mounting base for the longitudinal positioning adjustable component 4, fixedly connected to the main frame 1, and is used to support components such as the nut 41 and the adjustable screw 42, providing stable support for the entire longitudinal adjustment structure and ensuring that the components do not shift or shake during adjustment, thus guaranteeing adjustment accuracy and structural stability. The nut 41 is fixedly mounted on the fixed frame 40 and forms a threaded engagement with the adjustable screw 42. It is a key component for achieving linear movement of the screw, with its internal thread precisely matching the external thread of the adjustable screw 42. Through threaded transmission, the rotational motion of the screw is converted into axial linear motion, providing a transmission basis for longitudinal position adjustment. The adjustable screw 42, threadedly connected to the nut 41, is the core component directly performing longitudinal adjustment. The screw is M39x4.0, and its extension length can be precisely adjusted by rotation, thereby pushing the precast roof plate 10 longitudinally for fine-tuning of its longitudinal position. After adjustment, it can be locked with the double nuts 41 to prevent loosening due to vibration or other factors, ensuring stability after positioning. The nylon head 43 is located at the end of the adjustable screw 42 and directly contacts the precast roof plate 10. Made of nylon, it possesses elasticity and wear resistance. During adjustment, it avoids damage to the component caused by rigid collision between the screw end and the precast roof plate 10, while also increasing contact friction to prevent slippage and ensure effective force transmission.

[0021] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned vertical positioning adjustable component 3 and longitudinal positioning adjustable component 4, the two components work together, in conjunction with a laser positioning instrument (accuracy ±1mm), to achieve precise alignment of the precast roof slab 10. The laser positioning instrument, model TopconLN-50, serves as the core measuring tool. Vertical angle reference lines and longitudinal position reference lines are projected in the construction area according to the precast roof slab 10's assembly design position, providing a visual target reference for the adjustment of the two components. Operators determine the direction and magnitude of adjustment by observing the deviation between the edge of the roof slab and the laser reference lines. During operation, the operator rotates the adjustable screw 42. Since the screw and the nut 41 fixed on the mounting bracket 40 form a threaded engagement, the screw's rotational motion is converted into axial linear motion (extending or retracting). The nylon head 43 at the end of the screw directly acts on the precast roof slab 10, pushing or pulling the roof slab longitudinally. Precise adjustment of the longitudinal position can be achieved by controlling the number of rotations of the screw (accuracy up to ±1mm with the laser positioning instrument). Once the precast roof slab 10 is adjusted to the preset longitudinal position, a double-nut 41 locking structure (such as two nuts 41 on the screw being tightened relative to each other, locking the screw position through friction) is used to prevent the screw from shifting due to external forces during hoisting or assembly, ensuring the stability of the longitudinal positioning. The nylon head 43 buffers the contact force between the screw and the roof slab during adjustment and positioning, preventing rigid collisions from damaging the surface of the precast roof slab 10 and protecting the integrity of the component.

[0022] In this embodiment, the counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly 5 is located on the back of the main frame 1. The counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly 5 is used to adjust the counterweight of the lifting device to balance the center of gravity of the precast roof slab 10. Specifically, the counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly 5 includes modular counterweight blocks located on the back of the main frame 1, an inclination sensor for detecting the tilt angle of the precast roof slab 10, and a control system for controlling the counterweight adjustment. By adding or removing counterweight blocks, the center of gravity of the main frame 1 and the precast roof slab 10 are aligned on the same vertical line. The modular counterweight blocks, as the execution component for counterweight adjustment, are located on the back of the main frame 1 (away from the opening side). They adopt a standardized design (each block weighs 50 kg, totaling 20 blocks). Their function is to change the overall counterweight of the lifting device by adding or removing blocks, thereby adjusting the center of gravity position of the lifting device and keeping the center of gravity of the lifting device and the precast roof slab 10 on the same vertical line, balancing the load distribution. The modular design allows operators to quickly add or remove blocks, improving the efficiency of counterweight adjustment. The sensor is specifically a tilt sensor (measuring range ±5°, accuracy ±0.1°), model ZTIS202, used to detect the tilt angle of the precast roof slab 10 in real time. Its function is to monitor the attitude changes of the roof slab during hoisting. When the tilt angle exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 0.5°), it sends a signal to the control system, providing data for counterweight adjustment and ensuring timely detection of center of gravity shift issues. The control system uses a PLC control system as the core control component for counterweight adjustment. Its function is to receive the tilt angle data from the sensor, calculate the required increase or decrease in counterweight weight using existing built-in algorithms, and inform the operator with prompts (such as audible and visual alarms or numerical displays), achieving quantitative guidance for counterweight adjustment and avoiding errors based on experience-based judgment.

[0023] Additionally, it should be noted that components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A C-type lifting tool for assembling precast roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations, characterized in that, include: The main frame (1) has a C-shaped opening structure; The cable-stayed restraint assembly (2) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main frame (1). The cable-stayed restraint assembly (2) is used to connect with the precast top plate (10) and constrain it to limit the swing and tilt of the precast top plate (10). A vertical positioning adjustable component (3) is set on the main frame (1). The vertical positioning adjustable component (3) is used to adjust the vertical position or angle of the precast top plate (10). A longitudinal positioning adjustable component (4) is disposed on the main frame (1), and the longitudinal positioning adjustable component (4) is used to adjust the longitudinal position of the precast top plate (10); The counterweight adjustment and balancing component (5) is located on the back of the main frame (1). The counterweight adjustment and balancing component (5) is used to adjust the counterweight of the lifting device to balance the center of gravity of the precast roof slab (10).

2. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable-stayed restraint assembly (2) includes a connecting lock (20) connected to the suspension point of the precast top slab (10), a shackle (21) connected to the connecting lock (20) and used to transmit force flow, and a rigging screw (22) connected to the shackle (21) and used to adjust the length. The end of the rigging screw (22) away from the shackle (21) is connected to the main frame (1). The cable-stayed restraint assembly (2) forms a symmetrical restraint on the precast top slab (10) through pre-tightening force.

3. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical positioning adjustable component (3) includes a support (30) set on the main frame (1), a fixing plate (31) set on the support (30), and a pad (33) connected to the fixing plate (31) by a pin (32). The thickness of the pad (33) can be changed to adjust the horizontal angle of the precast top plate (10).

4. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 3, characterized in that, A rubber pad (34) is provided on the upper surface of the fixing plate (31).

5. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal positioning adjustable component (4) includes a fixed frame (40) disposed on the main frame (1), a nut (41) disposed on the fixed frame (40), an adjustable screw (42) threadedly engaged with the nut (41), and a nylon head (43) disposed at the end of the adjustable screw (42).

6. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counterweight adjustment and balancing assembly (5) includes a modular counterweight block set on the back of the main frame (1), a sensor for detecting the tilt angle of the precast top plate (10), and a control system for controlling the counterweight adjustment. By adding or removing the counterweight block, the center of gravity of the main frame (1) and the precast top plate (10) are located on the same vertical line.

7. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the C-shaped opening structure of the main frame (1) adopts a rounded transition.

8. The C-type lifting tool for assembling prefabricated roof slabs of rectangular prefabricated subway stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening size of the main frame (1) is adapted to the first concrete support (6) of the rectangular prefabricated subway station, and can pass under the first concrete support (6).

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