Glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with self-cleaning structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of glaze photovoltaic backboard glass with self-cleaning structure, it includes hydrophobic layer, the hydrophobic layer bottom is provided with self-cleaning layer, the self-cleaning layer bottom is provided with heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer bottom is provided with substrate, the substrate bottom is fixedly connected with encapsulation layer, this kind of glaze photovoltaic backboard glass with self-cleaning structure, through the unique connection relationship and shape cooperation of driving unit, support plate grid and elastic film in self-cleaning layer, realize a kind of efficient, active anti dust mechanism, significantly improve the power generation maintenance rate under harsh environment, secondly, through the spherical structure and random distribution form of microcavity in heat insulation layer, and the encapsulation connection of upper and lower sealing plate, while realizing efficient heat insulation, guarantee the long-term reliability and production feasibility of glaze layer structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of backplane glass technology, specifically to a glazed photovoltaic backplane glass with a self-cleaning structure. Background Technology

[0002] Enameled photovoltaic backsheet glass is a special type of glass used on the back of photovoltaic modules. Its surface is coated with enamel or reflective coating to enhance its functional performance. It is mainly used in double-glass modules. By matching the cell layout with the enamel grid, light reflection efficiency is optimized and mechanical strength and weather resistance are improved. In order to reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and improve the overall light transmittance of the module, an enamelled photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure is designed.

[0003] While existing glazed photovoltaic backsheets with self-cleaning structures offer numerous advantages, they still suffer from several drawbacks: Most current self-cleaning photovoltaic glasses rely on superhydrophobic or photocatalytic coatings. These technologies are entirely passive, and their effectiveness is highly dependent on environmental conditions. In areas with little rain, frequent sandstorms, or sticky dust, rainwater is insufficient to completely wash away dirt; instead, it easily mixes with dust to form stubborn mud stains that cover the surface, severely weakening the self-cleaning effect and even reducing power generation efficiency by blocking light. Secondly, the glaze layer in traditional glazed backsheets, designed to increase reflectivity, is a dense solid structure and is itself a good conductor of heat. Heat generated during module operation is easily conducted through the glaze layer to the internal solar cells, causing increased cell operating temperature and reduced power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the dense glaze layer and the glass substrate can easily lead to accumulated thermal stress at the interface under long-term outdoor thermal cycling, posing a risk of micro-cracks or peeling of the glaze layer and affecting the long-term reliability of the product. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of this utility model and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0005] 1. Technical problems to be solved: In order to solve the problems of limited cleaning ability and insufficient heat insulation ability mentioned above, this utility model is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure. Through the unique connection relationship and shape matching of the drive unit, support plate grid and elastic film in the self-cleaning layer, a highly efficient and active anti-dust mechanism is achieved, which significantly improves the power generation retention rate in harsh environments. At the same time, through the spherical structure and random distribution of the micro-cavities in the heat insulation layer, as well as the encapsulation connection of the upper and lower sealing plates, the long-term reliability and production feasibility of the glaze layer structure are ensured while achieving efficient heat insulation.

[0007] 2. Technical Solution: To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure includes a hydrophobic layer, a self-cleaning layer disposed at the bottom of the hydrophobic layer, a heat insulation layer disposed at the bottom of the self-cleaning layer, a substrate disposed at the bottom of the heat insulation layer, and an encapsulation layer fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure of the present invention, the self-cleaning layer includes a support plate, the top of the support plate has multiple grids preset, the inner sidewalls of the grids are inserted with driving units, the top of the support plate is fixedly connected with an elastic membrane, the sidewalls of the elastic membrane are integrally formed with a sealing edge, and the sealing edge is in close contact with the support plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure of the present invention, the heat insulation layer includes an upper sealing plate, a sealing layer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper sealing plate, the sealing layer has multiple micro cavities reserved inside, and a lower sealing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing layer.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure of the present invention, the top of the hydrophobic layer is integrally formed with multiple micro protrusions, and the micro protrusions are asymmetrical wedge-shaped structures.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to this utility model, the grid is a hexagonal structure and the driving unit is a hexagonal structure.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to this utility model, the micro-cavities are spherical structures and are randomly distributed.

[0013] 3. Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This type of glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure fixes the drive unit within a hexagonal grid using a plug-in method, ensuring efficient heat conduction. Simultaneously, the drive unit is bonded to the upper elastic membrane and, together with the surrounding support plates, forms an independent micro-motion unit. When the backsheet temperature rises due to sunlight, the drive unit expands due to heat, pushing up its corresponding local elastic membrane; it returns to its original position when cooled. This daily, periodic, micron-level mechanical deformation fundamentally destroys the adhesion between dust and the membrane surface, making the dust loose and easily removed by wind and rain. Furthermore, this mechanism is completely independent of the scouring force of rainwater, solving the problem of passive cleaning technology failing in areas with low rainfall. This type of glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure forms a highly efficient thermal barrier through randomly distributed spherical microcavities within the sealed layer. The still air inside these microcavities greatly increases the thermal resistance of the heat conduction path, effectively blocking heat transfer to the solar cells and thus reducing the operating temperature. The upper and lower sealing plates integrate this layered structure into a whole, ensuring mechanical strength. More importantly, the spherical cavities have the best stress distribution characteristics among all shapes, which can evenly disperse the internal stress generated by the glaze sintering cooling and thermal expansion and contraction, effectively avoiding microcracks caused by stress concentration and improving product durability. The random distribution allows it to be achieved through a conventional sintering process with the addition of pore-forming agents, eliminating the need for complex layout and reducing manufacturing costs. This structure, which integrates thermal insulation and reliability design, is remarkably innovative. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is a top view of the self-cleaning layer of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the heat insulation layer structure of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the hydrophobic layer of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to the present invention.

[0015] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 100, hydrophobic layer; 110, micro bumps; 200, self-cleaning layer; 210, elastic membrane; 211, sealing edge; 220, support plate; 221, mesh; 230, drive unit; 300, heat insulation layer; 310, upper sealing plate; 320, sealing layer; 321, micro cavity; 330, lower sealing plate; 400, substrate; 500, encapsulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] This utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. In actual manufacturing, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0018] The orientation or positional relationship indicated in the terminology is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] The term "connection method" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This utility model provides an overall structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure, including: Please see Figures 1-5This embodiment of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure includes a hydrophobic layer 100, which is made of fluorocarbon resin modified with nano-silica particles. The hydrophobic layer 100 is mainly used to allow rainwater to form droplets and quickly roll off, carrying away surface dust, while simultaneously protecting the underlying precision self-cleaning layer 200 from ultraviolet radiation, wind and sand abrasion, and chemical corrosion. The bottom of the hydrophobic layer 100 is connected to the self-cleaning layer 200 via precision coating and thermosetting. The bottom of the self-cleaning layer 200 is connected to the heat insulation layer 300 via high-temperature sintering. The bottom of the heat insulation layer 300 is connected to the substrate 400 via high-temperature sintering. The substrate 400 is made of soda-lime glass and serves as the core matrix of the entire backsheet glass, providing the main structural strength and rigidity. The bottom of the substrate 400 is connected to the encapsulation layer 500 via lamination. The encapsulation layer 500 is mainly composed of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, polyethylene terephthalate, and a fluoropolymer film, and is mainly used to bond with the solar cells during the module lamination process, providing encapsulation, insulation, and weather resistance.

[0022] Next, to achieve a self-cleaning effect for this type of backplate glass, the self-cleaning layer 200 specifically includes a support plate 220 made of transparent polyurethane, primarily used to provide mechanical strength for the entire self-cleaning layer 200. The top of the support plate 220 has multiple pre-set grids 221 for precisely accommodating and fixing each drive unit 230. Drive units 230 are inserted into the inner walls of the grids 221, acting as the "engine" of the entire cleaning system. After absorbing heat, they expand in volume, lifting the elastic membrane 210 above; after cooling, they contract, causing the elastic membrane 210 to return to its original position. This periodic motion provides the mechanical force required for cleaning. An elastic membrane 210 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 220. The elastic membrane 210 is made of thermoplastic polyurethane and is mainly used as a key component for performing cleaning actions. Under the drive of the drive unit 230, it undergoes local deformation, thereby "shaking off" the dust attached to it. The side wall of the elastic membrane 210 is integrally formed with a sealing edge 211 to form a sealed edge, preventing moisture and dust from entering the self-cleaning layer 200, protecting the drive unit 230, and ensuring its long-term effective operation. The sealing edge 211 is tightly attached to the support plate 220.

[0023] Meanwhile, for effective heat insulation of this type of backsheet glass, specifically, the heat insulation layer 300 includes an upper sealing plate 310, with a sealing layer 320 integrally formed at the bottom of the upper sealing plate 310. The sealing layer 320 has multiple micro-cavities 321 reserved inside, and the micro-cavities 321 are filled with air. By utilizing the property of air as a heat insulator, a thermal barrier is formed, effectively blocking heat from being conducted from the glass surface to the solar cells, thereby reducing the operating temperature of the module and improving power generation efficiency. A lower sealing plate 330 is integrally formed at the bottom of the sealing layer 320. The materials of the upper sealing plate 310, the sealing layer 320 and the lower sealing plate 330 are all traditional glass enamel. The upper sealing plate 310 and the lower sealing plate 330 are mainly used to provide a dense and flat surface, which facilitates connection with the self-cleaning layer 200 and the glass substrate 400, and protects the internal sealing layer 320.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to improve the hydrophobic efficiency of the hydrophobic layer 100, specifically, the top of the hydrophobic layer 100 is integrally connected with multiple micro protrusions 110. The micro protrusions 110 are asymmetrical wedge-shaped structures, which can provide a directional driving force for the rolling of water droplets, so that the water droplets can be guided away from the surface of the hydrophobic layer 100 more quickly and thoroughly, greatly reducing the risk of water stains forming after a small amount of rainwater evaporates.

[0025] It is worth noting that, in order to improve compressive strength, the grid 221 is a hexagonal structure, which can provide the maximum structural stability and compressive strength with the least amount of material, avoiding the problem of stress concentration at the corners of the traditional square grid 221. The drive unit 230 is a hexagonal structure, which perfectly matches and plugs into the hexagonal grid 221, ensuring the maximum contact area, thereby achieving efficient heat conduction and firm fixation, preventing it from being misaligned or sliding within the grid.

[0026] Finally, to reduce production costs, specifically, the micro-cavities 321 are spherical structures. Among all shapes, the spherical micro-cavities 321 have the most uniform stress distribution and are least prone to breakage when subjected to the shrinkage stress generated by the sintering and cooling of the surrounding glaze, which can ensure the long-term stability of the micro-cavities 321. The micro-cavities 321 are randomly distributed, which is closest to the naturally formed state. The production process is simple and reliable, and no precise layout is required, which reduces manufacturing costs.

[0027] In addition, the circuits, electronic components and modules involved in this utility model are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this utility model does not involve any improvement to the internal structure and method. Combination Figures 1-5 The specific usage process of a glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to this embodiment is as follows: 1. The installation method of the glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass of this utility model is fully compatible with conventional photovoltaic backsheet glass. In the photovoltaic module production process, the bottom encapsulation layer 500 of the substrate 400 is placed downwards, and the substrate is laminated with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA film and solar cells through standard lamination process by heating and pressurization. This produces a photovoltaic module with self-cleaning and heat insulation functions. Its installation and fixing method is no different from that of ordinary modules and can be directly installed on various photovoltaic support systems. 2: When this type of glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass is in operation, the superhydrophobic properties of its surface hydrophobic layer 100 cause rainwater to quickly condense into water droplets. At the same time, the asymmetric wedge-shaped micro-protrusions 110 on the surface of its hydrophobic layer 100 provide directional guidance for the water droplets to roll, allowing them to quickly roll off the surface and carry away most of the loose dust, greatly reducing water stains. For dirt with strong adhesion, the self-cleaning function of this utility model operates automatically: During the day, the component temperature rises, driving the drive unit 230 inside the self-cleaning layer 200 to produce micro-deformation and lift the elastic membrane 210; at night, after the component cools down, the deformation returns to its original position. This daily cycle of "micro-vibration" effect can continuously weaken the adhesion of dirt, allowing it to be completely removed under the action of subsequent rain or wind, achieving continuous cleaning without manual maintenance. 3: The heat insulation function of this type of glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass is completely passive and automatically activated. When sunlight causes the glass surface temperature to rise, the heat must penetrate the heat insulation layer 300 during the process of conducting towards the solar cells. The numerous closed spherical microcavities 321 inside this layer constitute a physical thermal barrier, which greatly slows down the downward transfer of heat, thereby isolating more heat outside the solar cells and effectively maintaining the solar cells in a relatively low operating temperature range, improving their photoelectric conversion efficiency and long service life.

[0028] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A glazed photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure, characterized in that, It includes a hydrophobic layer (100), a self-cleaning layer (200) is disposed at the bottom of the hydrophobic layer (100), a heat insulation layer (300) is disposed at the bottom of the self-cleaning layer (200), a substrate (400) is disposed at the bottom of the heat insulation layer (300), and an encapsulation layer (500) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the substrate (400).

2. The enamel-coated photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-cleaning layer (200) includes a support plate (220), the top of the support plate (220) has multiple grids (221) pre-set, the inner sidewall of the grids (221) is connected to a drive unit (230), the top of the support plate (220) is fixedly connected to an elastic membrane (210), the sidewall of the elastic membrane (210) is integrally formed and connected to a sealing edge (211), and the sealing edge (211) is in close contact with the support plate (220).

3. The enamel-coated photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation layer (300) includes an upper sealing plate (310), a sealing layer (320) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper sealing plate (310), a plurality of micro cavities (321) are reserved inside the sealing layer (320), and a lower sealing plate (330) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing layer (320).

4. The enamel-coated photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the hydrophobic layer (100) is integrally formed with multiple micro protrusions (110), and the micro protrusions (110) are asymmetrical wedge-shaped structures.

5. The enamel-coated photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The grid (221) has a hexagonal structure, and the driving unit (230) has a hexagonal structure.

6. The enamel-coated photovoltaic backsheet glass with a self-cleaning structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The micro-cavities (321) are spherical structures and are randomly distributed.

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