Ecological box cage and chain ecological box cage revetment

Abstract

This utility model relates to ecological cages and chain-type ecological cage revetments. The ecological cages can be used on ecological revetments and feature a wooden cage body. The cage frame is a wooden frame composed of vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal wooden frames connected together. Each vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frame is composed of two parallel round logs with equal outer diameters. The three-way connecting parts of the logs have laterally open slots. The depth of the slot is the radius of the log, and the width is twice the diameter of the log. The slots on the two logs forming the same frame align to create rectangular through holes. The rectangular through holes on the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames are cyclically interlocked, thereby achieving the connection of the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames at the cage corners. Chain-type ecological cage revetments are provided with several of the above-mentioned ecological cages, with the ecological cages at least located at part of the revetment's slope toe, forming a support structure for the revetment at the corresponding slope toe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to ecological cages and chain-type ecological cage revetments. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological revetments refer to restored natural riverbanks or artificial revetments with the permeability of natural riverbanks. They enable water exchange and regulation between the riverbank and the river water, possess a certain degree of flood resistance, and provide habitats for fish, benthic organisms, and aquatic plants. However, existing ecological revetments still have certain limitations in terms of eco-friendliness. For example, Chinese patent document CN118007583A discloses a composite ecological landscape revetment for addressing soil erosion, comprising two composite slope sections and an ecological permeable road located between the two slope sections. The composite slope section includes a patterned ecological landscape slope section above the ecological permeable road and a gabion ecological plant bag slope section below the ecological permeable road. An anti-erosion section is set below the gabion ecological plant bag slope section. Chinese patent document CN108547254A discloses a river ecological revetment and its construction method, including a permeable adsorption filter layer, a wooden pile toe protection, a gabion retaining wall, a bottom sediment ecological bag layer, and a vegetation layer. The permeable adsorption filter layer is arranged at the junction of the riverbank slope and the riverbed, and includes two layers of permeable concrete and an adsorption filter layer. The bottom end of the sheet pile toe protection is embedded in the riverbed adjacent to the outer edge of the bottom step of the permeable adsorption filter layer. The gabion retaining wall includes gabion boxes and supports. The bottom sediment ecological bag layer is composed of several bottom ecological bags. The vegetation layer consists of a soil layer and a vegetation net. Most of these existing technologies require the installation of rigid concrete or stone structures to a certain extent. These structures, which have a certain degree of permeability, are gabions, which are wire mesh cages filled with stones. Both these rigid structures and gabions can block air and water permeation to a certain extent, which is not conducive to the exchange and regulation of water between the riverbank and the river water, nor is it conducive to the growth and development of plant roots and the restoration of the ecosystem. In addition, the corrosion and damage of the wire mesh used for gabions will also have an adverse impact on the environment.

[0003] On the other hand, in engineering, the connection between wooden strips similar to the frame of a cage is mostly done by nailing and binding with steel wire. After a period of use, the nails will loosen due to the shrinkage or decay of the wood and lose their fixing ability. The steel wire, due to its own flexibility, cannot guarantee the stability of the wooden structure after the nails lose their fixing ability, and the structure is prone to twisting or falling apart. Even if mortise and tenon joints are used or combined, the axial connection strength is limited. When the whole structure expands or rots and loosens, the tenon is prone to falling out. Therefore, wooden cages made using the above-mentioned existing connection technology are not suitable for use in revetments (especially at the foot of slopes). Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide eco-friendly ecological cages and chain-type ecological cage revetments.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: an ecological cage, which has a wooden cage body (or cage, or simply wooden cage). The frame of the cage body is a wooden frame made up of vertical, horizontal and vertical wooden frames. The cage body has a planting layer for planting plants, a coarse gravel layer below the planting layer and a top protective layer above the planting layer.

[0006] Preferably, the planting layer consists of laid planting bags.

[0007] Preferably, the top protective layer is composed of fine gravel.

[0008] If necessary, permeable geotextile can be installed around all or part of the filling material (e.g., fine gravel layer) inside the cage to reduce erosion of the filling material (e.g., planting soil, fine gravel, etc.). For example, when setting the filling material, the geotextile is attached to the inside of the cage and surrounds the filling area. Then, the area enclosed by the geotextile is filled with filling material, and the filling material is used to press and fix the geotextile. During the filling process, the geotextile is adjusted as needed to make it more flat and adhere to the inner wall of the cage.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical frame, horizontal frame, and longitudinal frame are connected at the corners of the cage in a three-way loop snap-fit ​​configuration.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames are each composed of two parallel round logs, each with the same outer diameter. The three-way connecting part of the log (the part used to achieve three-way cyclic interlocking) is provided with a side-opening slot. The depth of the slot (the dimension in the radial direction of the log) is the radius of the log, and the width (the dimension in the axial direction of the log) is twice the diameter of the log. The slots on the two logs forming the same frame are combined to form a rectangular through hole. The rectangular through holes on the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames are cyclically interlocked, thereby achieving three-way cyclic interlocking of the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames at the cage corners.

[0011] Preferably, the logs are pine wood that has undergone preservative treatment.

[0012] Furthermore, the cage body is provided with cage bars, which are parallel to each other on the same side and are connected at both ends to the corresponding side frame, for example, to the round wood on the inner side (near the cage bar side) of the corresponding side frame.

[0013] Preferably, the cage bars are made of thin round wood (round wood with a diameter smaller than that used as the frame, for example, pine wood), and the cage bars are connected to the corresponding frame (for example, the inner round wood of the corresponding side frame) by interlocking or mortise and tenon joints (connected by mortise and tenon joints).

[0014] Preferably, the cage body is provided with a pull door that can be pulled up. The pull door includes an upper pull rod, a lower pull rod, and several door strips connected to the upper and lower pull rods at both ends. The upper frame of the pull door (the horizontal frame above the door opening) is provided with several door strip holes (vertical through holes, which can be set on any round wood in the upper frame or between two round woods) for the door strips to pass through. The door strips pass through their respective door strip holes and slide in cooperation with the door strip holes (hole walls) (in a way that allows the door strips to slide up and down under the action of external force when opening and closing the door).

[0015] The chain-type ecological cage revetment is equipped with any of the ecological cages disclosed in this utility model. The number of ecological cages is multiple, and they are set at least at part of the slope toe of the revetment to form a support structure for the revetment at the corresponding slope toe.

[0016] Furthermore, at least some of the cages in the eco-friendly cages are interconnected.

[0017] Preferably, the connection between any two interconnected cages is any of the following connection methods: 1) The horizontal frames of the two cages (horizontal frames at the same height on opposite sides) are connected by dowels (using a dowel connection structure for straight connection). 2) The two cages share a single vertical frame.

[0018] Furthermore, the tenon and mortise connection method can be as follows: the round logs connecting the horizontal frame (which can be two round logs that make up the frame, or any one of them) are provided with tenon and mortise connection parts. The tenon and mortise connection parts are semi-cylindrical. The tenon and mortise connection parts of the two round logs are joined (overlapped) to form a cylindrical shape. The ends of the two tenon and mortise connection parts are axially tenon and mortise-and-tenon connected (the two ends are respectively provided with matching tenons and mortises, and the extension direction of the tenons is parallel to the axis of the round logs). The middle of the mating surface of the two tenon and mortise connection parts is provided with a dowel groove. The two dowel grooves are joined to form a dowel hole (usually a through hole). A matching wooden dowel is tightly inserted into the dowel hole.

[0019] Filler material can be placed inside the cage, and plants can be grown on the filler material.

[0020] For example, the cage is filled from bottom to top with coarse gravel, plant bags (or planting base, such as planting soil) and fine gravel, forming a coarse gravel layer, a planting layer and a fine gravel layer. Plants (such as emergent plants) are planted on the planting layer, and the planted plants penetrate through the fine gravel layer and extend to the top of the cage to form a plant landscape.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Because the ecological box cage is made of wood, and the wood is treated with preservatives, it has a long service life. Within its effective service life, it is sufficient to support the full growth of plant roots, forming a root-soil composite. The crisscrossing root network tightly binds soil particles, increasing the soil's resistance to migration, improving the soil layer's resistance to slippage, inhibiting soil erosion on the slope surface, and achieving slope stability. Furthermore, the decaying wood cage provides nutrients for plant growth, improving soil quality. Since the three-way loop interlocking between the wooden cage frames and the tenon-and-mortise connections between the cages are based on the wood's own connection structure, there is no need for steel nails or wire binding. This not only facilitates on-site construction but also prevents environmental impact from steel corrosion. At the same time, these connection structures are highly durable; even with gaps, errors, or some decay, they can maintain effective connections. Because the wooden cage connection method is adaptable to connections between cages of different heights and angles, the cages can be set according to the actual conditions of the slope, making it widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram (side view / longitudinal section) of an example of the revetment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (top view) of an example of the revetment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the eco-box / wooden cage of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-way loop snap-fit ​​structure involved in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection process of the three-way loop snap-fit ​​structure involved in this utility model, wherein Figure (a) shows that both longitudinal column slots are in a non-snapping state; Figure (b) shows that the lower longitudinal column slot is in a snap-fit ​​state; and Figure (c) shows that both longitudinal columns are in a snap-fit ​​state. Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the tenon and pin connection structure involved in this utility model. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the straight connection between two ecological boxes (cages) involved in this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stepped connection between two ecological boxes (cages) involved in this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the common side connection of two ecological boxes (cages) involved in this utility model.

[0023] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Ecological box; 2. Fine gravel; 3. Ecological planting bag; 4. Coarse gravel; 5. Aquatic plants; 7. Fixing stake; 9. Ecological slope; 10. Wooden cage; 11. Frame; 12. Cage bar; 13. Shared vertical frame; 14. Top pull rod; 15. Bottom pull rod; 16. Door strip; 20. Three-way loop snap-fit ​​structure; 21. Slot; 30. Dowel joint structure; 31. Dowel joint part; 32. Tenon; 33. Mortise hole; 36. Dowel groove; 37. Wooden dowel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] See Figures 3 to 5This type of ecological box (or ecological cage) 1 is equipped with a wooden cage (or simply cage body) 10. The wooden cage is composed of a pine frame that has been treated with anti-corrosion and a thin pine fence. Pine logs (processed into cylindrical shapes) with a length of 50-200 cm (the specific size can be set or adjusted according to actual needs, the same below) and a diameter of 5-15 cm without insect holes or rot can be selected to prepare the frame of the wooden cage. The frame 11 made of pine logs (pine logs or other suitable logs, the same below) has a groove 21 carved out at a position 5-20 cm from the end (the corresponding area can be called the three-way connection part or three-way connection segment). The groove corresponds to a semi-cylinder, the depth (corresponding to the radius of the semi-cylinder) is half the diameter of the pine log (the depth can accommodate half a log), and the width (corresponding to the height of the semi-cylinder) is twice the diameter of the pine log (the width can accommodate two logs). The pine logs (or round logs) used for the frame can be of unequal length to allow for the creation of cuboid eco-boxes of different sizes as needed. Due to the requirement of a three-way interlocking mechanism, the slot dimensions for the three-way interlocking structure 20 should be consistent, provided the round logs have the same diameter, to meet the requirements of the three-way interlocking. Each frame of the enclosure consists of two round logs. After installation, the slots of the two round logs on the same frame align to form a rectangular through-hole through which the two logs can pass. Through dimensional matching, the two logs passing through this rectangular through-hole are clamped together. The frame consists of three sides (vertical, horizontal, and vertical borders, collectively referred to as the three-way frame). Each side is made of two round logs. At each corner of the cage, the slotted parts (slotted parts on the logs, or rectangular through-holes) of the three-way frame are interlocked. For example, the two logs in the second direction (the slotted parts of the two logs, hereinafter the same) are clamped into the rectangular through-hole formed by the interlocking slots of the two logs in the first direction. Similarly, the two logs in the third direction are clamped into the rectangular through-hole formed by the interlocking slots of the two logs in the second direction, and the two logs in the first direction are clamped into the rectangular through-hole formed by the interlocking slots of the two logs in the third direction. Because the frame consists of three sides that are mutually constrained in this three-way interlocking structure, a strong and fixed connection is formed. Regardless of the tightness (gap or deformation) between the rectangular through-hole and the round log passing through it, the interlocking structure will not detach, thus ensuring the stability and durability of the connection between the cage frames. Even with some processing and assembly errors, or wear or decay after long-term use, the cage's integrity will be guaranteed. Compared to wire binding or nail connections, especially in coastal areas, this three-way circulating interlocking method significantly extends service life and avoids the environmental impact of metal corrosion.

[0025] join Figure 4 and Figure 5During the assembly of the cage (frame), two round logs I used as the first directional frame (usually a vertical frame for ease of on-site installation) can be joined together first. Then, the corresponding ends (corresponding slots) of two round logs II used as the second directional frame (any horizontal frame; when the lengths of the two horizontal frames are different, the shorter horizontal frame is preferred) are inserted into the rectangular through-hole of the first directional frame. The slots of the two round logs II in the second direction are reversed (opposite to their orientation when joined), and the two round logs in the second direction are pushed to separate (moving in the direction of separation), so that the corresponding slots on the two round logs in the second direction respectively engage on the two side walls (located at both ends of the length of the hole) of the rectangular through-hole of the first directional frame (see...). Figure 4 (See Figure (a)). This creates a gap between the two logs II in the second direction, equal to the diameter of the logs. Two logs III, serving as the third-direction frame, are inserted between the two logs II in the second direction and onto both sides of the two logs I in the first direction. The slots on the two logs III in the third direction are aligned from both sides of the two logs I in the first direction, clamping the two logs I in the rectangular through-hole formed by the aligned slots. Then, the two logs II in the second direction are flipped (or twisted) sequentially (see Figure (a)). Figure 4 As shown in Figures (b) and (c), the two slots on the two round logs II in the second direction are aligned (in a mating state), thus forming the required three-way loop interlocking structure, realizing the loop interlocking of the frame in three directions. Under this three-way loop interlocking structure, as long as the two round logs constituting the same frame are not flipped to the opposite direction at the same time, all the frames cannot be detached.

[0026] During assembly, the relative positions of the two round logs in each direction frame should be reasonably set according to the above requirements (see [reference]). Figures 3-5 To ensure the logs fit the rectangular through-hole, the positions of the two logs in each direction of the frame are appropriately set relative to the through-hole, meeting the requirements for three-way frame interlocking. Suitable tools or equipment can be used to flip the logs. Due to the deformability of wood, under a certain external torque, the required flipping can be achieved without damaging the basic structure, thus not hindering the three-way interlocking. When appropriate, the bottom surface of the corresponding slot can be set as an arc shape to better accommodate the flipping requirements and ensure the firmness of the three-way interlocking.

[0027] The horizontal edges (outer ends of the horizontal edges) of different cages can be connected by a straight dowel joint structure 30 (see...). Figure 6This allows for horizontal or stepped connections between cages. By connecting the corresponding round logs (two or one of the round logs forming the frame) in the corresponding horizontal frames of two cages (e.g., adjacent upper longitudinal frames on the same straight line, or adjacent lower longitudinal frames on the same straight line) with straight dowels (using a straight dowel connection structure), the horizontal connection between the two cages can be achieved (see...). Figure 7 By connecting the corresponding round logs (two or one of the round logs forming the frame) in the horizontal frame at the bottom of one cage (e.g., the lower longitudinal frame) to the corresponding round logs in the horizontal frame at the top of another cage (e.g., the upper longitudinal frame) with straight dowels, a stepped connection between the two cages can be achieved (see...). Figure 8 To achieve a staggered horizontal connection between two cages, connect the top and bottom vertical edges of the left side of one cage to the top and bottom vertical edges of the right side of the cage located to its left front with straight tenons. Similarly, connect the top and bottom vertical edges of the left side of one cage to the top and bottom vertical edges of the right side of the cage located to its left front with straight tenons, and connect the top and bottom vertical edges of the right side of one cage to the top and bottom vertical edges of the left side of the cage located to its right front with straight tenons. This creates a triangular connection between that cage and the two cages located to its left and right front sides. Depending on actual needs, other cage connection methods can be implemented using similar horizontal edge connections.

[0028] The connecting part on the round log used for implementing a straight dovetail connection is (can be called) a dovetail connection part 31, which is semi-cylindrical. The ends of the two dovetail connection parts are provided with mating tenons 32 and mortises (or mortises) 33. The tenons and mortises can be any suitable shape, preferably non-cylindrical, such as square columnar (a columnar shape with a square cross-section) or rectangular columnar (a columnar shape with a rectangular cross-section). The mating surfaces of the two dovetail connection parts (the surfaces that overlap and fit together after being connected, corresponding to the cross-section formed by cutting the cylinder into a semi-cylindrical shape) are provided with a dovetail groove (a groove for mating to form a dovetail hole) 36 in the middle. The two dovetail grooves fit together to form a dovetail hole. The dovetail hole can be any suitable shape, such as a columnar shape with a circular or prismatic cross-section. In the assembly type, the two dovetail connection parts are overlapped (misaligned overlapped), with the tenons and mortises facing each other. Tools or equipment are used to insert (drive) the tenons into the mortises to connect the tenon and mortise. In this state, the dowel grooves of the two tenon joints align perfectly with the composite dowel holes, allowing the matching wooden dowels 37 to be driven into the holes. Thus, the tenon and mortise structure in the tenon-and-mortise connection can prevent relative movement of the two connected logs in any direction perpendicular to the axial direction (the axis of the logs). The dowel structure (wooden dowels and dowel holes) in the tenon-and-mortise connection can prevent relative movement in the axial direction. Simultaneously, the close contact between the two mating surfaces helps to disperse or resist the forces or torques of relative movement, achieving stability and strength in the connection. Depending on actual needs, both pairs of logs on the two frames requiring a straight connection can be connected using straight tenon and mortise joints, or only one pair of logs can be connected.

[0029] When appropriate, other forms of mortise and tenon structures can also be used to achieve straight-line connection and fixation between round logs.

[0030] Depending on actual needs, cage bars 12 can be installed on each side of the cage frame. The density of the cage bars (or the spacing between the cage bars) depends on actual needs. For example, holes (blind holes or through holes) can be drilled every 2-10 cm on two opposite side frames (round logs of the frame). The diameter of the holes can be between 1-15 cm (the specific drilling interval and diameter should be selected according to the diameter of the pine wood). The ends of pine wood of appropriate length and diameter are inserted and fixed (e.g., by interference fit and / or wooden wedges) into the corresponding holes (when it is a blind hole, attention should be paid to the order of assembly) to form cage bars on the corresponding side of the cage.

[0031] When necessary, a sliding door can be installed on the side of the cage facing the river (or another side less likely to be obstructed). The sliding door consists of an upper pull rod 14, a lower pull rod 15, and several vertical door strips 16 fixedly installed between the upper and lower pull rods. The density of the door strips can be the same as or similar to that of the cage bars. Mounting holes (through holes or blind holes) corresponding to the door strips can be provided on the upper and lower rods. The upper and lower ends of the door strips are respectively inserted and fixed into the corresponding mounting holes on the upper and lower pull rods (e.g., through interference fits and / or wooden wedges). Several through holes equal to or slightly thicker than the door strips are provided on the upper frame where the pull rods are located, and the door strips pass through their respective through holes. The upper pull rod is located above the upper frame, and the lower pull rod is located below the upper frame. The length of the lower pull rod should be adapted to (slightly smaller than) the spacing between the cage bars on both sides of the sliding door (no cage bars are provided at the sliding door location), so that the cage bars on both sides of the sliding door do not obstruct the lower pull rod from moving up and down between them. When the sliding door is closed, at least a portion of the upper pull rod protrudes from the upper frame, or the upper end of part or all of the door strip protrudes from the upper pull rod and the upper frame, so as to pull the sliding door upward.

[0032] A door limit / positioning structure matching the pull rod can be provided on the lower frame (e.g., on the round wood forming the lower frame) located below the sliding door. This could be a groove to accommodate the pull rod or a stepped structure that mates with the bottom surface of the pull rod, preventing the pull rod from moving relative to the housing (except upward movement), particularly preventing it from moving outward. Alternatively, a stop or baffle can be provided on the lower frame (the round wood of the lower frame) using a mortise and tenon structure to block the pull rod from the outside (and inside, if necessary) of the pull rod (when the sliding door is closed), preventing it from moving outward (and inward, if necessary) when the sliding door is closed, thus facilitating stability of the sliding door in the closed state. If necessary, a door pin and matching door pin hole can also be provided for fixing the upper and / or lower pull rod (e.g., at corresponding positions on the upper frame and upper pull rod, and / or at corresponding positions on the lower frame and lower pull rod). When the sliding door is closed, insert the sliding door pin into the corresponding sliding door pin hole (tightly fit) (part of the pin can be exposed for easy removal when opening the door) to secure and stabilize the sliding door. If necessary, wedges can also be driven into the through holes on the upper frame for the door strip to pass through, fixing the door strip to the upper frame and thus securing the sliding door. The outer end of the wedge should be partially exposed for easy removal with a suitable tool if needed.

[0033] Both the cage bars and door bars can be made of thin pine wood (cylindrical or near-cylindrical) or other thin round logs. The pull rods can also be made of the same or similar materials, with the diameter determined according to actual needs. For example, they can be made of the same material, 20-100cm long, with a diameter similar to that of the frame pine wood. The thin pine wood at the door should be slightly longer, allowing it to pass through the upper frame pine wood. One end should be directly inserted into the upper rod of the door for fixation, and the other end should be inserted into the lower pull rod, serving as a maintenance opening for the wooden cage.

[0034] The cage is filled with a mixture of coarse gravel (4 layers), ecological planting bags (3 layers), and fine gravel (2 layers) arranged in layers from bottom to top. Coarse gravel with a particle size of 10-30 cm is typically selected. First, 10-30 cm of coarse gravel is laid at the bottom of the wooden cage to prevent it from floating. Then, permeable ecological planting bags containing humus are laid flat on top of the coarse gravel. The number of ecological planting bags can be adjusted according to the type of aquatic plant selected, such as reeds or water onions. The height of the ecological planting bags can be between 10-50 cm, ensuring the surface is basically level. A small opening is made at the top, and 5 aquatic plants (e.g., emergent plants) are planted into the opening of the ecological planting bag. Finally, a layer of fine gravel, 1-5 cm high, is laid on top of the planting bags to reduce wave erosion.

[0035] See Figure 9 At corners and other suitable locations in the ecological enclosure layout, two cages can share a single vertical frame, referred to as the shared vertical frame 13. The upper and lower frames of the two cages connecting to the shared vertical frame should be integral and can be made from sufficiently long round logs. This integrated frame has slots at both ends (located at the dowel joints) and also in the middle for connection with the shared vertical frame. The integrated frame and the shared vertical frame are connected via the same three-way loop interlocking method. The connection between the two cages through a shared vertical edge can be called a shared-edge connection, which can achieve 90° corner connections between cages or staggered parallel connections, etc.

[0036] Ecological boxes can be set up according to actual needs. Through these boxes (and other facilities, if necessary), the revetment can be stabilized and planted with vegetation (e.g., emergent plants), creating an ecological environment. They can be combined with any other suitable existing and other technologies to achieve the construction of the entire revetment. For example, these ecological boxes can be distributed at the toe of the revetment (slope) to form stable support for the ecological slope 9 (see...). Figure 1 and Figure 2 ).

[0037] Example 1. Mortise and tenon joints are cut into the joints of the coarse pine wood used as the frame. Square wooden strips are used to chain the cages together. The mortise and tenon joints are generally half the diameter and 5-15 cm long. A square head with a length, width, and height of 2-5 cm is cut out at the head, and an inner groove of the same size is carved out in the cut-out part. At half the position of the mortise and tenon joint, a right-angled triangular groove (pin groove) with a side length of 2-5 cm is carved out. When two cages are arranged horizontally, their opposite mortise and tenon joints are inserted into the grooves. Then, a square pine wood with a length the same as the diameter of the frame pine wood and a width and height of 2-5 cm is used as a fixing pin (wooden pin). It is inserted into the square hole after the mortise and tenon joints to fix them. This achieves a horizontal chain arrangement of wooden cages (ecological boxes) in the river channel and riverbank. Any number of ecological boxes can be arranged to form a horizontal chain structure according to the length of the river channel, which can be regarded as a chain combination of ecological boxes. At river bends, two eco-boxes connected by a common edge are linked to other eco-boxes in different directions, forming a 90° bend distribution, thus creating a bendable chain of eco-boxes along the river. When the bend is not 90°, different curved shapes can be formed by selecting cages of the same height but different lengths and widths, allowing the chain of eco-boxes to be arranged closely along the river. Similarly, when the riverbed is not level, the length under the frame groove can be appropriately increased to conform to the river slope.

[0038] Every 3-5 enclosures, select 60-300cm long pine logs and place them on the enclosure frame perpendicular to the riverbank slope. The groove on the left end should align with the parallel pine log frame. Sharpen the other side and drill a 4-10cm square hole at a distance of 5-30cm. Insert the log into the slope protection. Use another sharpened pine log of the same specifications as a fixing stake, driving it perpendicular to the slope protection into the hole for fixation. When the planting bags or gravel inside the eco-box are unevenly distributed, the access door (sliding door) can be pulled upwards, and a piece of pine wood can be used to brace against the upper or lower pull rod for fixation. The planting bags can then be rearranged, or gravel can be added. Aquatic plants can also be replanted and debris removed through the maintenance opening.

[0039] Example 2. Using a chain of eco-boxes in areas where riverbank changes can effectively address variations in river bends, enrich the morphology of the bank, improve the erosion resistance of curved riverbanks, and promote the restoration of river ecological functions. The corners between the chain of eco-boxes help create still water zones, providing a good habitat for plants and animals, enriching biodiversity, and forming biological hotspots. The specific implementation is as follows: the horizontal and vertical lengths of the box frames are adjusted according to the designed river bend to create a variety of toothed structures. The horizontal and vertical lengths of the wooden box frames can be adjusted as needed. In areas with high local ecological landscape requirements or large riverbank curves, the horizontal and vertical lengths of the box frames can be appropriately reduced to achieve a near-smooth curve effect.

[0040] Example 3. The wooden cage is constructed from a pine frame treated with preservatives and a fine pine fence. The cage frame is made of interlocking coarse pine logs with grooves at both ends, forming a three-way loop interlocking connection at the intersection. Holes are drilled at intervals in the frame, and fine pine logs are inserted into the grooves within the frame to form the wooden cage. A sliding door is installed on the side facing the river, serving as an inspection port for the wooden cage. Inside the wooden cage, coarse gravel, ecological planting bags, and fine gravel are layered from bottom to top. During installation, coarse gravel is first laid down at the bottom of the wooden cage, followed by permeable ecological planting bags containing humus soil. Aquatic plants are then planted into the ecological planting bags, and finally, a layer of fine gravel is laid on top of the planting bags to reduce wave erosion. Mortise and tenon joints are cut at the joints of the thick pine wood in the wooden cages, and square wooden strips are used to chain the cages together. These chain-linked eco-boxes (eco-box assemblies formed by connecting wooden cages together, or chain cages) are placed within the riverbank. At river bends, eco-boxes connected at the corners using a shared pine wood frame create bends in the chain cages, forming a flexible, riverside arrangement. Every 3-5 cages, a piece of pine wood twice the length is selected and placed in the cage frame perpendicular to the riverbank slope. One side is sharpened and drilled to insert into the slope, and another sharpened pine stake is driven perpendicularly into the hole to secure it. After a period of growth, the roots of aquatic plants can naturally hang from the bottom of the eco-box or grow into the silt at the bottom of the river, achieving ecological revegetation of the aquatic plants on one side of the riverbank slope and also purifying the water. The chain-linked eco-boxes are entirely constructed of natural materials, requiring no metal fixing, and their porous structure creates a suitable habitat for fish and shrimp in the river.

[0041] This utility model has the following features: 1) Ecological boxes are simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to construct in waterways of various sizes; Compared with traditional hard revetments, ecological boxes have a simple structure, are easy to construct, and reduce material and construction costs; 2) All materials are made of natural pine wood, which has been treated with preservatives, is free of chemical pollution, is environmentally friendly, helps maintain ecological balance, and can better integrate into the surrounding natural environment. For example, it can improve the water accessibility of the river while restoring emergent plants. 3) The ecological box has a porous structure, which is conducive to promoting water exchange between the riverbank and the water body and providing a habitat for aquatic organisms; 4) Ecological boxes allow the roots of aquatic plants to grow naturally, which helps to restore the ecological greening of aquatic plants on one side of the riverbank slope, while also purifying water quality and improving biodiversity; 5) The three-way loop snap-fit ​​and tenon combination of the ecological box provides good stability, can resist the impact of water flow, ensure the growth of aquatic plants and the safety of the riverbank, and does not require the installation of metal connectors or steel wire binding, which is more ecologically friendly. 6) Applicable to rivers of various sizes, especially riverbanks with different curvatures and slopes, with good adaptability; 7) The design of the eco-box enhances the accessibility of the riverbank and provides a more natural and friendly environment for the river ecosystem; the eco-box integrates well with the natural environment, which can enhance the aesthetics of the riverbank and increase its landscape value. 8) The ecological box is equipped with an inspection port, which facilitates daily maintenance and plant management, and reduces the difficulty and cost of long-term maintenance; 9) The porous structure of the ecological boxes and the spaces between them provides habitats and breeding grounds for fish, benthic organisms, etc., which helps to restore and enhance the function of the river ecosystem; 10) The container is made of biodegradable materials and promotes the ecosystem, which is in line with the concept of sustainable development and helps to maintain the ecological health of the river in the long term.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the preferred and optional technical means disclosed in this utility model can be arbitrarily combined to form several different specific embodiments when one preferred or optional technical means is a further limitation of another technical means.

Claims

1. An ecological cage, comprising a wooden cage body, characterized in that... The cage frame is a wooden frame made up of vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal wooden frames. Inside the cage, there is a planting layer for planting plants, a coarse gravel layer below the planting layer, and a top protective layer above the planting layer. The vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames are connected at the cage corners by a three-way loop interlocking. Each of the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames is composed of two parallel round logs with equal outer diameters. The three-way connection part of the logs has a side-opening slot. The depth of the slot is the radius of the log, and the width is twice the diameter of the log. The slots on the two logs forming the same frame are combined to form a rectangular through hole. The rectangular through holes on the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames are looped together, thus achieving a three-way loop interlocking of the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal frames at the cage corners.

2. The ecological cage as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The logs are made of pine wood that has been treated with preservatives.

3. The ecological cage as described in claim 1, characterized in that... The cage body is equipped with cage bars, which are parallel to each other on the same side and are connected to the corresponding side frame at both ends.

4. The ecological cage as described in claim 3, characterized in that... The cage bars are made of thin round wood, and the cage bars are connected to the corresponding frame by interlocking or mortise and tenon joints.

5. The ecological cage as described in claim 3, characterized in that... The cage is equipped with a pull door that can be pulled up. The pull door includes an upper pull rod, a lower pull rod, and several door strips that are connected to the upper and lower pull rods at both ends. The upper frame of the pull door area is provided with several door strip holes for the door strips to pass through. The door strips pass through their respective door strip holes and slide in cooperation with the door strip holes.

6. Chain-type ecological cage revetment, characterized in that... The revetment is provided with ecological cages as described in any one of claims 1-5, and the number of ecological cages is multiple, and they are at least set at part of the slope toe of the revetment to form a support structure for the revetment at the corresponding slope toe.

7. The chain-type ecological cage revetment as described in claim 6, characterized in that... At least some of the cages in the eco-friendly cages are interconnected.

8. The chain-type ecological cage revetment as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The connection between any two interconnected cages can be any of the following connection methods: 1) The horizontal frames of the two cages are connected by tenons and pins; 2) The two cages share a single vertical frame.

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