A water diversion device for a diversion-type hydroelectric power plant

Abstract

The utility model provides a diversion device of diversion type hydroelectric power station, including diversion tunnel, pressure forebay and pressure pipeline, diversion tunnel water inlet is connected with diversion dam, sets up in the upstream of power plant building, and forms 20-50m above fall with power plant building, is equipped with first trash rack between diversion tunnel and diversion dam, first trash rack rear end is equipped with first working gate, the water outlet of diversion tunnel is connected with pressure forebay, the water outlet rear end of pressure forebay is equipped with second trash rack, second trash rack rear end is equipped with second working gate, the water outlet of pressure pipeline is connected to the gate valve set up in power plant building, and the pipe body of pressure pipeline is supported and fixed through abutment and branch pier. The utility model simple structure, reasonable in design can prevent dam plant interval dehydration, can be widely applied to the construction of each diversion type hydroelectric power station diversion system, realizes reasonable in design, water and soil conservation, the goal of self -cleaning of dirt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of hydropower station, and specifically relates to a water diversion device for a diversion-type hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] A hydroelectric power station is a power station that generates electricity by utilizing the kinetic energy of the powerful water flow generated by the difference in water level. It has advantages such as no fuel required, low cost, no environmental pollution, simple manufacturing of electromechanical equipment, and flexible operation. Furthermore, the power generation hydraulic structures can be integrated with flood control, irrigation, water supply, navigation, and aquaculture, achieving comprehensive utilization of water resources. Therefore, it is widely used in rural and remote mountainous areas.

[0003] Hydropower stations use a water diversion system to supply water to the station. However, the water diversion devices of early hydropower stations generally suffered from low design standards, severe soil erosion, and difficulties in intercepting and cleaning debris. As a result, the water diversion system of the hydropower station could not effectively filter out larger impurities in the water. The high pressure of the filtration process made it easy for larger impurities to clog or damage downstream equipment, which was detrimental to the normal operation of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a water diversion device for a diversion-type hydroelectric power station, which enables automatic removal of pollutants, ensures smooth water flow, and guarantees zero head loss.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A water diversion device for a water diversion type hydroelectric power station is connected to the power plant after being connected to the water diversion dam. The water diversion device includes a water diversion tunnel, a pressure forebay, and a pressure pipeline.

[0007] The water intake of the water diversion tunnel is connected to the water diversion dam and is located upstream of the power plant, forming a drop of 20-50m or more between them; a first trash rack is provided between the water diversion tunnel and the water diversion dam, and a first working gate is provided at the rear end of the first trash rack; the water outlet of the water diversion tunnel is connected to the pressure forebay.

[0008] The pressure forebay is constructed upstream of the power plant and at the same level as the water diversion tunnel; a second trash rack is provided at the rear end of the outlet of the pressure forebay, and a second working gate is provided at the rear end of the second trash rack; the second working gate is located at the outlet of the pressure forebay and behind the second trash rack.

[0009] The pressure pipeline inlet is connected to the pressure forebay via a second trash rack and a second working gate; the pressure pipeline outlet is connected to a gate valve installed in the power plant building; the pressure pipeline body is supported and fixed by anchor blocks and supports, with the anchor blocks spaced 100-150m apart and the supports spaced 5-10m apart.

[0010] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0011] This utility model's water diversion tunnel is located upstream of the power plant, taking advantage of the mountainous terrain. The pressure pipeline, depending on the power plant's installed capacity, can be laid out using a "one pipeline, multiple units" scheme. The pressure pipeline is constructed from Q-grade carbon steel through welding and is supported and fixed using anchor blocks and supports. It is laid along the ridge, directly diverting water to the generator units in the power plant. A self-cleaning trash rack is used to automatically remove debris, ensuring zero head loss. Anchor blocks are used to anchor the pressure pipeline, supporting its own weight and the weight of the water, preventing displacement due to hydraulic pressure or its own weight. Support blocks are also used to support the pressure pipeline's own weight and the weight of the water, preventing sagging or lateral displacement. Water flows through the diversion dam into the water diversion tunnel. A first trash rack installed at the tunnel's inlet removes debris, ensuring smooth water flow into the pressure forebay. Simultaneously, a self-cleaning second trash rack is installed at the end of the pressure forebay, achieving automatic debris removal and ensuring zero head loss. The large drop between the pressure forebay and the power plant creates a concentrated water level difference. Water is drawn into the pressure pipeline, where it accelerates in the vertical or steeply plunging steel pipes, converting gravitational potential energy into high-speed kinetic energy to drive the turbine-generator unit. To ensure safe operation and meet maintenance needs, a gate valve is installed before the turbine-generator unit's inlet.

[0012] Preferably, the first and second working gates are controlled by a fixed winch hoist; the winch hoist is a dual-purpose type that can be manually or electrically controlled.

[0013] The working gate is a flat gate with roller support. The gate is opened and closed by a fixed winch hoist. The winch hoist can be remotely controlled, allowing for control without entering the ridge, which is convenient and quick.

[0014] Preferably, an ecological flow pre-embedded pipe is installed inside the water diversion tunnel, and a flow sensor is installed inside the ecological flow pre-embedded pipe.

[0015] To ensure that the water flow (volume and level) required to meet the ecological protection requirements of the downstream river channel of the power station's water diversion dam and maintain the structure and function of the aquatic ecosystem is met, hydropower stations that use canal water diversion should construct side weirs or ecological flow pre-buried pipes at appropriate locations after the canal passes the dam to facilitate the release of flow to the downstream river channel. For power stations that use tunnel water diversion, a spillway can be designed using the construction adit near the dam, and a discharge pipe can be installed to release flow to the downstream river channel.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure forebay is equipped with a spillway.

[0017] When the water flow is higher than the flood level, the floodwater flows out from the spillway to prevent the floodwater from overflowing the pressure forebay and flowing onto the hillside, causing soil erosion.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure pipeline body is provided with several expansion joints.

[0019] Expansion joints prevent pressure pipelines from shifting or becoming stressed due to changes in terrain, structure, or environment. They absorb axial, lateral, and angular displacements caused by temperature changes, foundation settlement, or installation errors, preventing pipelines from rupturing due to stress concentration caused by deformation.

[0020] Preferably, the pressure pipeline is fixed at the top of the support by a stiffening ring.

[0021] Stiffening rings can prevent radial instability in pressure pipelines, disperse local stress, and enhance resistance to external pressure, thereby improving the stability of pressure pipelines.

[0022] Preferably, drainage ditches are provided on the ground on both sides of the support along the axial direction of the pressure pipeline.

[0023] Pre-installing drainage ditches at the bottom of pressure pipelines prevents water accumulation when the pipelines are damaged. This also helps prevent water from being unable to drain quickly during severe weather, which could negatively impact the supports and extend their service life.

[0024] Preferably, the first working gate and the second working gate are provided with "P" type water seals on both sides and "I" type water seals at the bottom.

[0025] The "P" type water seal can achieve bidirectional pressure bearing and sealing, while the "I" type water seal can achieve unidirectional pressure bearing and basic sealing. During equipment maintenance, after the working gate is closed, the water volume is intercepted by the "P" type water seal and the "I" type water seal to ensure that there is no water flow affecting maintenance after the gate is closed, which facilitates the staff to handle the fault.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] 1. This utility model has a simple structure and reasonable design, which can prevent dehydration between dams and power plants. It can be widely used in the construction of water diversion systems of various water diversion hydropower stations. It is also applicable in the fields of water diversion irrigation and urban water supply. It can achieve the goals of reasonable design, soil and water conservation, and self-cleaning of pollutants.

[0028] 2. This utility model achieves automatic removal of contaminants by installing self-cleaning trash racks at the water inlet of the water diversion tunnel and the inlet of the pressure steel pipe, ensuring smooth water flow and zero head loss. By reasonably installing expansion joints on the pressure pipeline, it can prevent the pressure pipeline from cracking due to stress concentration caused by deformation, and also avoid axial, lateral, and angular displacement of the pipeline caused by temperature changes (thermal expansion and contraction), foundation settlement, or installation errors.

[0029] 3. This utility model, by setting up an ecological flow pre-embedded pipe in the water diversion tunnel and installing ecological flow monitoring equipment, monitors the ecological flow discharge data in real time to ensure sufficient ecological flow discharge, which can effectively prevent dehydration problems between the water diversion dam and the power plant.

[0030] 4. This utility model has an overflow channel in the pressure forebay. When the water level in the pressure forebay is higher than the flood level, the flood flows out from the overflow channel, preventing the flood from overflowing the pressure forebay and flowing onto the hillside. It has the advantage of effectively preventing soil erosion. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a top view of the structure leading from the water diversion tunnel to the pressure forecourt.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the pressure pipeline leading to the power plant.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for the support piers and pressure pipelines.

[0034] Attached reference numerals: 1-First trash rack, 2-First working gate, 3-Ecological flow pre-buried pipe, 4-Water diversion tunnel, 5-Pressure forebay, 6-Spillway, 7-Second trash rack, 8-Second working gate, 9-Pressure pipeline, 10-Stabilizing pier, 11-Expansion joint, 12-Reinforcing ring, 13-Support pier, 14-Water diversion dam, 15-Gate valve, 16-Drainage ditch, 17-Power plant. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are all conventional technical means in the art.

[0036] Example 1: As Figure 1 The water diversion device of the diversion-type hydroelectric power station shown is connected to the power plant 17 after being connected to the diversion dam 14. The power plant 17 is equipped with gate valve 15 to ensure the safe operation of the unit and meet the needs of unit maintenance. The water diversion device includes a water diversion tunnel 4, a pressure forebay 5 and a pressure pipeline 9.

[0037] The water inlet of the water diversion tunnel 4 is connected to the water diversion dam 14 and is located upstream of the power plant 17, forming a drop of 20-50m or more between them; a first trash rack 1 is provided between the water diversion tunnel 4 and the water diversion dam 14, and a first working gate 2 is provided at the rear end of the first trash rack 1; the water outlet of the water diversion tunnel 4 is connected to the pressure forebay 5.

[0038] The pressure forebay 5 is constructed upstream of the power plant 17 and at the same level as the water diversion tunnel 4; a second trash rack 7 is provided at the rear end of the outlet of the pressure forebay 5, and a second working gate 8 is provided at the rear end of the second trash rack 7; the second working gate 8 is located at the outlet of the pressure forebay 5 and behind the second trash rack 7.

[0039] The inlet of the pressure pipeline 9 is connected to the pressure forebay 5 through the second trash rack 7 and the second working gate 8; the outlet of the pressure pipeline 9 is connected to the gate valve 15 installed in the power plant 17; the pipe body of the pressure pipeline 9 is supported and fixed by the anchor blocks 10 and the support blocks 13, with the anchor blocks 10 spaced at intervals of 100-150m and the support blocks 13 spaced at intervals of 5-10m.

[0040] The first working gate 2 and the second working gate 8 are equipped with "P" type water seals on both sides and "I" type water seals at the bottom.

[0041] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] The water diversion tunnel 4 is located upstream of the power plant 17, following the terrain. The pressure forebay 5 is constructed on the hillside terrace upstream of the power plant 17 and is at the same level as the water diversion tunnel 4. The pressure pipeline 9 can be laid out using a "one pipeline, multiple units" scheme, depending on the installed capacity of the power plant. The pressure pipeline 9 is made of Q235 carbon steel and welded together. It is supported and fixed using anchor blocks 10 and supports 13, and is laid along the ridge, directly diverting water to the generator units in the power plant 17. A self-cleaning trash rack is used to automatically remove debris, ensuring zero head loss. The anchor blocks 10 are used to anchor the pressure pipeline 9, supporting its own weight and the weight of the water, preventing displacement of the pressure pipeline 9 due to hydraulic pressure or its own weight. The supports 13 are used to support the own weight and the weight of the water, preventing the pipeline from sagging or shifting laterally. Water flows through the diversion dam 14 into the diversion tunnel 4. A first trash rack 1 installed at the inlet of the diversion tunnel 4 removes debris, ensuring smooth water flow into the pressure forebay 5. Simultaneously, a self-cleaning second trash rack 7 is installed at the end of the pressure forebay 5 to automatically remove debris, ensuring zero head loss. The pressure forebay 5 has a significant drop in elevation compared to the power plant building 17, creating a concentrated water level difference. Water is diverted into the pressure pipeline 9, where it accelerates in the vertical or steeply descending steel pipe, converting gravitational potential energy into high-speed kinetic energy to drive the turbine generator unit. To ensure safe operation and meet maintenance needs, a gate valve 15 is installed before the turbine generator unit's inlet. A "P"-type water seal provides bidirectional pressure bearing and sealing, while an "I"-type water seal provides unidirectional pressure bearing and basic sealing. During equipment maintenance, the working gate is closed, and the "P"-type and "I"-type water seals intercept water flow, ensuring no water flow affects maintenance after gate closure and facilitating troubleshooting.

[0043] Example 2: This example is a further improvement on Example 1, as detailed below:

[0044] The first working gate 2 and the second working gate 8 are controlled by a fixed winch; the winch is a dual-purpose type that can be manually or electrically controlled.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. The working gate is a flat gate with roller support. The gate is opened and closed by a fixed winch hoist. The winch hoist can be remotely controlled, and can be controlled without entering the ridge, which is convenient and fast.

[0046] Example 3: This example is a further improvement on Example 2, as detailed below:

[0047] An ecological flow pre-embedded pipe 3 is installed inside the water diversion tunnel 4, and a flow sensor is installed inside the ecological flow pre-embedded pipe 3.

[0048] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2. In order to ensure that the water flow (water volume and water level) required to meet the ecological protection requirements of the downstream river channel of the power station's water diversion dam 14 and maintain the structure and function of the aquatic ecosystem is met, the hydropower station using channel water diversion will build a side weir or ecological flow pre-buried pipe 3 at an appropriate position after the channel passes the dam, so as to facilitate the discharge of flow to the downstream river channel. For power stations using tunnel water diversion, a spillway can be designed using the construction adit near the dam, and a discharge pipe can be installed to discharge flow to the downstream river channel.

[0049] Example 4: This example is a further improvement on Example 3, as detailed below:

[0050] The pressure forebay 5 is equipped with a spillway 6.

[0051] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 3. When the water flow is higher than the flood level, the flood flows out from the spillway 6 to prevent the flood from overflowing the pressure forebay 5 and flowing onto the hillside, causing soil erosion.

[0052] Example 5: This example is a further improvement on Example 4, as detailed below:

[0053] The pressure pipeline 9 is equipped with several expansion joints 11.

[0054] The pressure pipe 9 is fixed to the top of the support 13 by a stiffening ring 12.

[0055] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 4. The expansion joint 11 can prevent the pressure pipeline 9 from displacing or being stressed due to changes in terrain structure and environment. The expansion joint 11 can absorb the axial, lateral, and angular displacement of the pressure pipeline 9 caused by temperature changes, foundation settlement, or installation errors, preventing the pressure pipeline 9 from rupturing due to stress concentration caused by deformation. The stiffening ring 12 can prevent radial instability of the pressure pipeline 9, disperse local stress, and improve resistance to external pressure, thereby improving the stability of the pressure pipeline.

[0056] Example 6: This example is a further improvement on Example 5, as detailed below:

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, drainage ditches 16 are provided on the ground on both sides of the support 13 along the axial direction of the pressure pipe 9.

[0058] The working principle of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 5. A drainage ditch is pre-set at the bottom of the pressure pipe 9 to prevent water accumulation when the pressure pipe 9 is damaged. It can also further prevent water accumulation from failing to drain quickly in bad weather, which could have a negative impact on the support 13 and improve the service life of the support 13.

[0059] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this utility model within its substance and protection scope, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A water diversion device for a pumped storage hydroelectric power plant, connected to a diversion dam (14) and to a power house (17) in which a gate valve (15) is provided for controlling the flow of water into the generator, characterized in that: The water intake device includes a water intake tunnel (4), a pressure forebay (5), and a pressure pipeline (9); The water inlet of the water diversion tunnel (4) is connected to the water diversion dam (14), and is located upstream of the power plant (17), forming a drop of 20-50m with the power plant (17); a first trash rack (1) is provided between the water diversion tunnel (4) and the water diversion dam (14), and a first working gate (2) is provided at the rear end of the first trash rack (1); the outlet of the water diversion tunnel (4) is connected to the pressure forebay (5); The pressure forebay (5) is constructed upstream of the power plant (17) and is on the same horizontal plane as the water diversion tunnel (4); a second trash rack (7) is provided at the rear end of the outlet of the pressure forebay (5), and a second working gate (8) is provided at the rear end of the second trash rack (7); the second working gate (8) is located at the outlet of the pressure forebay (5) and behind the second trash rack (7); The inlet of the pressure pipeline (9) is connected to the pressure forebay (5) through the second trash rack (7) and the second working gate (8); the outlet of the pressure pipeline (9) is connected to the gate valve (15) installed in the power plant (17); the pipe body of the pressure pipeline (9) is supported and fixed by the anchor blocks (10) and the support blocks (13), the anchor blocks (10) are set at intervals of 100-150m, and the support blocks (13) are set at intervals of 5-10m.

2. The water diversion device of a water diversion type hydroelectric power plant according to claim 1, characterized by: The first working gate (2) and the second working gate (8) are controlled by a fixed winch; the winch is a dual-purpose type that can be manually or electrically controlled.

3. The water intake device of the diversion-type hydroelectric power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ecological flow pre-embedded pipe (3) is installed inside the water diversion tunnel (4), and a flow sensor is installed inside the ecological flow pre-embedded pipe (3).

4. The water diversion apparatus of a hydro-power plant with diversion of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure forebay (5) is equipped with a spillway (6).

5. The water diversion apparatus of a hydro-power plant with diversion of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure pipeline (9) has several expansion joints (11) on its body.

6. The water diversion apparatus of a hydro-power plant with diversion of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure pipe (9) is fixed at the top of the support (13) by a stiffening ring (12).

7. The water diversion apparatus of a hydro-power plant with diversion of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: Drainage ditches (16) are provided on the ground on both sides of the support (13) along the axial direction of the pressure pipe (9).

8. The water diversion apparatus of a hydro-power plant with diversion of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first working gate (2) and the second working gate (8) are provided with "P" type water seals on both sides and "I" type water seals at the bottom.

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