Prefabricated assembly unit and assembly type ship lock guide wall

Abstract

This utility model discloses a prefabricated assembly unit and a prefabricated lock navigation wall. The prefabricated assembly unit includes a base, which is rectangular in shape. A filling groove is excavated downwards from the top of the base. Multiple tenons and tongue-and-groove joints protrude from the top surface of the base, while multiple mortise and tenon grooves and tongue-and-groove joints are recessed from the bottom surface. The mortise and tenon grooves correspond one-to-one with the tenons and are matched in shape, with the mortise and tenon grooves located directly below the corresponding tenons. This invention solves the problems of low construction efficiency and insufficient structural performance of existing lock navigation walls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of prefabricated assembly wall technology, specifically to a prefabricated assembly unit and an assembled lock navigation wall. Background Technology

[0002] Existing ship locks on mountainous rivers mostly employ cast-in-place concrete gravity retaining walls or counterweight retaining walls. These structures rely on their own weight for stability, resisting external loads such as earth pressure and water pressure through their own weight. The construction process involves on-site casting, requiring continuous operations across multiple stages, including formwork, rebar tying, concrete pouring, and curing. Cast-in-place concrete navigation walls, on the other hand, are connected to the foundation and interlayer structures using plain concrete or mortar, relying on the material's own bonding strength to achieve overall integrity.

[0003] The cast-in-place concrete navigation wall of the lock has the following technical limitations and defects: (1) Low construction efficiency and difficult quality control: The cast-in-place process is limited by the on-site working conditions and is significantly affected by factors such as climate, formwork installation accuracy and concrete pouring continuity. The construction period for a single section can be as long as 2-3 weeks. Formwork support errors and concrete shrinkage and creep can easily lead to structural dimension deviations, making it difficult to achieve standardized replication. (2) Insufficient seismic performance and poor inter-story sliding stability: Gravity structures rely on their own weight to balance external forces, and under earthquake action, inertial forces can easily cause overall overturning or sliding; the inter-story of counterweight structures relies only on concrete interlocking or mortar bonding, without active shear resistance measures. When the water level drops sharply and the peak ground acceleration is ≥0.1g, the inter-story sliding amount can reach 5-10mm; the shear bearing capacity of traditional structures depends on the material strength, without considering the inter-story collaborative working mechanism, and the anti-sliding safety factor is only 1.0-1.1; (3) Weak foundation adaptability and high risk of uneven settlement: Gravity structures have strict requirements for foundation bearing capacity (≥600kPa), and are prone to excessive settlement (settlement can reach 20-30mm) in soft foundations such as Minjiang silty clay rock; due to the height of the walls and the offset of the center of gravity, the local bearing capacity of the foundation of the counterweight structure is prone to structural cracks. (4) Insufficient durability and environmental protection: It is difficult to control cracks in cast-in-place structures. Under the conditions of dry-wet cycle and chloride salt corrosion, the carbonization depth can reach 5-8 mm / year. A large amount of construction waste is generated during the construction process, and it cannot be disassembled and reused, which is contrary to the concept of green building.

[0004] Therefore, this application is hereby submitted. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated assembly unit and a prefabricated lock navigation wall, which can solve the problems of low construction efficiency and insufficient structural performance of existing lock navigation walls.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A prefabricated assembly unit includes: a base, the base being cuboid in shape, a filling groove being excavated downward from the top of the base, a plurality of tenons and a plurality of tongues and grooves being protruding from the top surface of the base, and a plurality of mortise grooves and a plurality of tongue and groove grooves being recessed from the bottom surface of the base, wherein the mortise grooves correspond one-to-one with the tenons and are matched in shape, and the mortise grooves are located directly below the corresponding tenons, and the tongue and groove grooves correspond one-to-one with the tongues and grooves and are matched in shape, and the tongue and groove grooves are located directly below the corresponding tongues and grooves.

[0007] Optionally, the ratio of the length of the long side to the width of the top surface of the base is 2:1; the number of tenons is 8, with 4 tenons located at the four corners of the top surface of the base, and the remaining 4 tenons located in pairs at the middle of the two long sides of the top surface of the base, so that the two tenons located on the same width side and the two closest tenons form a square insertion area; the number of tongues and grooves is 6, arranged in two symmetrical groups in the two insertion areas, each group including 3 tongues and grooves, one along the width side and the other two along the long side, and the distance between the two ends of the tongue and groove and the corresponding two tenons is the same.

[0008] Optionally, both the tenon and the tongue are frustum-shaped, and the area of ​​the upper base of both the tenon and the tongue is smaller than the area of ​​the lower base.

[0009] Optionally, the tenon is in the shape of a regular square frustum.

[0010] Optionally, the side length of the bottom of the tenon is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the filling groove; the side wall of the filling groove is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs in a direction perpendicular to the bottom of the groove, and the tenon is located on the top surface of one of the reinforcing ribs.

[0011] Optionally, the filling groove is a cuboid concentric with the substrate, so that the thickness of the side walls of the filling groove is the same; the geometric center of the side wall of the substrate is provided with a horizontal connecting hole along the thickness direction, and a bolt is detachably inserted through it.

[0012] Optionally, a vertical hole is provided through the geometric center of the upper bottom of the tenon along a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base, and an anchor bar bundle is inserted into the vertical hole, the anchor bar bundle including multiple anchor bars.

[0013] Optionally, the outer diameter of the anchor bar bundle is smaller than the diameter of the vertical direct hole.

[0014] A prefabricated lock navigation wall includes: multiple prefabricated assembly units of any one of the above, multiple bases horizontally spliced ​​to form multiple layers, all the layers are stacked one after another, and the filling groove is filled with waste soil, gravel and concrete.

[0015] Optionally, the area of ​​the layers decreases layer by layer in the vertical upward direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: This utility model provides a prefabricated assembly unit. By setting a rectangular base, multiple bases can be horizontally and tightly spliced ​​into a layered structure. A filling groove is excavated downwards from the top of the base to allow backfilling with excavated soil, gravel, and concrete, improving structural performance. Furthermore, multiple tenons and tongues are protruding from the top surface of the base, and corresponding tenons and tongues are recessed from the bottom surface. This allows the bases to be horizontally spliced ​​into a layered structure or vertically stacked to form a wall structure. When stacked vertically, the tenons and tongues of the lower bases are inserted into the tenons and tongues of the upper bases, and the weight of the bases and their backfill material presses down on the joints, effectively preventing horizontal slippage between layers. Through the synergy of these features, this prefabricated assembly unit can efficiently construct a lock navigation wall, resulting in a lock navigation wall with excellent structural performance, thus effectively solving the problems of low construction efficiency and insufficient structural performance of existing lock navigation walls. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model after backfilling and with anchor bar bundles inserted. Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the tenon of the prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a stacking structure for a prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection of the same layer substrate of the prefabricated assembly unit provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated lock navigation wall provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0018] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: 10-Base; 11-Filling groove; 111-Reinforcing rib; 12-Tongue; 121-Vertical direct hole; 122-Anchor bar; 13-Rack and tongue; 14-Tongue and groove; 15-Rack and tongue groove; 16-Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Example

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment provides a prefabricated assembly unit, including a base 10, which is rectangular in shape. The top of the base 10 has a filling groove 11 excavated downwards. The top surface of the base 10 has multiple tenons 12 and multiple tongues 13 protruding from it. The bottom surface of the base 10 has multiple mortises 14 and multiple tongue grooves 15 recessed from it. The mortises 14 correspond one-to-one with the tenons 12 and are matched in shape. The mortises 14 are located directly below the corresponding tenons 12. The tongue grooves 15 correspond one-to-one with the tongues 13 and are matched in shape. The tongue grooves 15 are located directly below the corresponding tongues 13.

[0021] This utility model provides a prefabricated assembly unit. By setting a base 10 in a cuboid shape, multiple bases 10 can be horizontally and tightly spliced ​​into a layered structure. Furthermore, a filling groove 11 is excavated downwards from the top of the base 10 to allow backfilling with excavated soil, gravel, and concrete, thereby improving structural performance. Additionally, multiple tenons 12 and tongue-and-groove joints 13 protrude from the top surface of the base 10, while corresponding tenons 14 and tongue-and-groove joints 15 are recessed from the bottom surface of the base 10. This allows the base 10 to not only be horizontally spliced ​​into a layered structure but also vertically... The prefabricated assembly unit is stacked vertically to form a wall structure. When stacked vertically, the tenon 12 and tongue 13 of the lower base 10 are inserted into the tenon 14 and tongue 15 of the upper base 10. The weight of the base 10 and the backfill material inside it presses firmly against the joint of the tenon 12 and tongue 13, which can effectively prevent horizontal slippage between layers. Through the cooperation of the above features, the prefabricated assembly unit can efficiently build a lock navigation wall, and the structure of the built lock navigation wall is excellent, thus effectively solving the problems of low construction efficiency and insufficient structural performance of existing lock navigation walls.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 5To further enhance the splicing possibilities and structural performance during stacking, the length ratio of the long side to the wide side of the top surface of the base 10 is 2:1; there are 8 tenons 12, with 4 tenons 12 located at the four corners of the top surface of the base 10, and the remaining 4 tenons 12 located in pairs at the middle of the two long sides of the top surface of the base 10, so that the two tenons 12 located on the same wide side and the two closest tenons 12 form a square insertion area; there are 6 tongues and grooves 13, arranged symmetrically in two groups in the two insertion areas, with each group including 3 tongues and grooves 13, one along the wide side and the other two along the long side, and the distance between the two ends of the tongue and groove 13 and the corresponding two tenons 12 is the same.

[0023] With the above configuration, two identical screw-in areas are formed on the top surface of each base 10, allowing two bases 10 of different layers to be inserted in parallel (the screw-in areas of the upper and lower bases 10 are aligned and inserted). Alternatively, one base can be rotated horizontally by 90° and inserted vertically with the base 10 below it (one screw-in area of ​​the upper base 10 is inserted with one screw-in area of ​​the lower base 10). This increases the possibility of splicing the stacked structure. When inserted vertically, the two screw-in areas of the lower base 10 are inserted with the two screw-in areas of the two upper bases 10, respectively. This allows the lower base 10 to simultaneously restrict the position of the two upper bases 10, further improving the structural performance after splicing.

[0024] To facilitate insertion and to create a rotation limit after insertion, both the tenon 12 and the tongue and groove 13 are truncated pyramidal in shape, and the area of ​​the upper base of both the tenon 12 and the tongue and groove 13 is smaller than the area of ​​the lower base.

[0025] In order to ensure that the tenon 12 can still be inserted after rotating 90° and to form a rotation limit after insertion, the tenon 12 is in the shape of a regular square frustum.

[0026] In order to further improve the structural strength of the base 10 and highlight the connection performance of the tenon 12, the side length of the bottom of the tenon 12 is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the filling groove 11; the side wall of the filling groove 11 is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs 111 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom of the groove, and the tenon 12 is located on the top surface of one of the reinforcing ribs 111.

[0027] To further enhance the connection performance between substrates 10 in the same layer, the filling groove 11 is a cuboid concentric with the substrate 10, so that the thickness of the side walls of the filling groove 11 is the same; a horizontal connecting hole is provided through the geometric center of the side wall of the substrate 10 along the thickness direction, and a bolt 16 is detachably inserted.

[0028] To further enhance the connection performance between different layers of the substrate 10, a vertical direct hole 121 is provided through the geometric center of the upper bottom of the tenon 12 in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the substrate 10. An anchor bar bundle is inserted into the vertical direct hole 121, and the anchor bar bundle includes multiple anchor bars 122.

[0029] It should be noted that after the construction is completed, concrete should be poured into the vertical hole 121 from top to bottom so that the anchor bar 122 is connected to the tenon 12 and the base 10 as a whole.

[0030] To facilitate subsequent pouring and improve the connection performance after pouring, the outer diameter of the anchor bar bundle is smaller than the diameter of the vertical direct hole 121. Example

[0031] Please Figures 1 to 6 Further reference Figure 7 This embodiment provides a prefabricated lock navigation wall, including: multiple prefabricated assembly units of any of the above, multiple bases 10 horizontally spliced ​​to form multiple layers, all the layers are stacked one by one, and the filling groove 11 is filled with waste soil, gravel and concrete.

[0032] To further improve the horizontal load-bearing capacity of the prefabricated lock navigation wall, the area of ​​the layer plates decreases layer by layer in the vertical upward direction.

[0033] It should be noted that after the construction is completed, turf will be laid in the exposed filling groove 11 to improve the aesthetics.

[0034] The working principle of the above-mentioned prefabricated lock navigation wall is as follows: (1) Load transfer path: Horizontal load transfer: Earth pressure behind the wall → side wall of the base → interlayer anchor bundle → tenon 12 structure of the lower base → bottom plate of the upper base 10 → composite foundation.

[0035] Vertical load transfer: structural self-weight (base 10 + internal backfill soil) → tongue and groove joint 13 (stress dispersion) → base plate of base 10 → composite foundation.

[0036] Model test results show that the peak compressive stress of the foundation is 696.39 kPa, which is lower than the allowable bearing capacity of 700 kPa.

[0037] (2) Anti-slip stabilization mechanism: Interlayer anti-slip: The anchor bundles provide the main shear resistance, and the friction of the contact surface provides additional resistance. Calculations show that the anti-slip safety factor reaches 1.30 under the check condition, which is greater than the lower limit of 1.05 in the standard.

[0038] Overall anti-tilting moment: The filling of the trench 11 with excavated soil increases the anti-tilting moment by 30%, and finite element analysis shows that the anti-tilting safety factor is ≥2.5.

[0039] (3) Deformation coordination mechanism: Modular assembly allows for small relative displacements between the various base components 10, which dissipates energy through the plastic deformation of the anchor bars 122, reducing structural damage under seismic loads.

[0040] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A prefabricated assembly unit, characterized in that, include: The base (10) is rectangular. The top of the base (10) is excavated with a filling groove (11). The top surface of the base (10) is provided with multiple tenons (12) and multiple tongues (13). The bottom surface of the base (10) is provided with multiple mortises (14) and multiple tongue grooves (15). The mortises (14) correspond one-to-one with the tenons (12) and match their shapes. The mortises (14) are located directly below the corresponding tenons (12). The tongue grooves (15) correspond one-to-one with the tongues (13) and match their shapes. The tongue grooves (15) are located directly below the corresponding tongues (13).

2. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the length of the long side to the width of the top surface of the substrate (10) is 2:1; The number of tenons (12) is 8. Four tenons (12) are respectively located at the four corners of the top surface of the base (10), and the remaining four tenons (12) are respectively located in pairs at the middle of the two long sides of the top surface of the base (10), so that the two tenons (12) located on the same wide side and the two closest tenons (12) form a square insertion area. The number of tongue and groove joints (13) is 6, arranged in two symmetrical groups in the two screw insertion areas. Each group includes 3 tongue and groove joints (13), one of which is arranged along the wide side and the other two are arranged along the long side. The distance between the two ends of the tongue and groove joint (13) and the corresponding two tenons (12) is the same.

3. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the tenon (12) and the tongue and groove (13) are frustum-shaped, and the area of ​​the upper base of both the tenon (12) and the tongue and groove (13) is smaller than the area of ​​the lower base.

4. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tenon (12) is in the shape of a regular square frustum.

5. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side length of the bottom of the tenon (12) is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the filling groove (11); The side wall of the filling groove (11) is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs (111) protruding in a direction perpendicular to the bottom of the groove, and the tenon (12) is located on the top surface of one of the reinforcing ribs (111).

6. The prefabricated assembly unit according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The filling groove (11) is a cuboid concentric with the base (10) so that the thickness of the side walls of the filling groove (11) is the same. The sidewall of the substrate (10) has a horizontal connection hole extending through the thickness direction at its geometric center, and a bolt (16) is detachably inserted through it.

7. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The geometric center of the upper bottom of the tenon (12) is provided with a vertical direct hole (121) in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base (10). An anchor bar bundle is inserted in the vertical direct hole (121), and the anchor bar bundle includes multiple anchor bars (122).

8. The prefabricated assembly unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the anchor bar bundle is smaller than the diameter of the vertical direct hole (121).

9. A prefabricated lock navigation wall, characterized in that, include: The prefabricated assembly unit according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein multiple substrates (10) are horizontally spliced ​​to form multiple layers, all of the layers are stacked layer by layer, and the filling groove (11) is filled with waste soil, gravel and concrete.

10. The prefabricated lock navigation wall according to claim 9, characterized in that, The area of ​​the layers decreases layer by layer in the vertical upward direction.

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