Drill bit stop structure and drilling tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drill bit stop structure and drilling tool relates to the field of drilling engineering technology, and the drill bit stop structure includes: stop main body, and the stop main body includes the first stop structure and the first follow structure along its circumferential arrangement, the second follow structure sets up in the top of drill head body, the second stop structure sets up in the inner wall of outer drill head static cover, and the outer drill head static cover is equipped in the outer periphery of drill head body, driving mechanism can drive stop main body switches in the stop position and follow position, in the stop position, the first stop structure and the second stop structure lock, and the first follow structure and the second follow structure lock, and stop main body, outer drill head static cover, drill head body can not rotate relatively, in the follow position, the first stop structure and the second stop structure are unlocked, and the first follow structure and the second follow structure lock, and stop main body can rotate with outer drill head static cover relatively, and drill head body can not rotate with stop main body relatively, can firm drill head body, improves operation efficiency and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling engineering technology, and in particular to a drill bit stop structure and drilling tool. Background Technology

[0002] In integrated drilling and cementing operations, the drill bit body is fitted with an aluminum alloy core, which acts as a one-way valve in the cementing process, similar to a float valve. After the cementing operation is completed, the aluminum alloy core needs to be destroyed with the drill bit. However, the post-flooding fluid injected during the cementing process can easily push the annular cement up, resulting in a thin or non-existent cement annulus around the drill bit body. Furthermore, the condition of the cement annulus cannot be confirmed downhole, making it impossible to determine whether the drill bit body has been cemented. If the core is destroyed with the drill bit in this situation, the drill bit body may rotate with the aluminum alloy core, reducing the efficiency of core destruction and potentially causing loosening, stripping, or even damage to the drill pipe threads, leading to downhole accidents. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a drill bit stop structure and drill bit tool that can prevent the drill bit body from rotating with the aluminum alloy inner core, stabilize the drill bit body, improve operating efficiency and stability, and solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a drill bit stop structure, including a stop body, a second follower structure, a second stop structure, and a driving mechanism. The stop body includes a first stop structure and a first follower structure arranged circumferentially along the stop body, and the stop body is capable of moving axially along the drill bit body. The second follower structure is disposed on the top of the drill bit body. The second stop structure is disposed on the inner wall of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve, and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve is fitted on the outer periphery of the drill bit body. The driving mechanism is capable of driving the stop body to move closer to or away from the drill bit body, so that the stop body switches between a stop position and a follower position. In the moving position, the stop body is away from the drill bit body, and the first stop structure and the second stop structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation of the stop body and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve. The first follower structure and the second follower structure are also locked to restrict the relative rotation of the drill bit body and the stop body. In the following position, the stop body is close to the drill bit body, and the first stop structure and the second stop structure are unlocked. The stop body and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve can rotate relative to each other, and the first follower structure and the second follower structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation of the drill bit body and the stop body.

[0005] In some embodiments, the stop body includes a stop ring, and a first sliding groove is provided circumferentially at the top of the inner ring of the drill bit body. The stop ring is slidably fitted in the first sliding groove and can slide along the axial direction of the drill bit body in the first sliding groove. The first stop structure and the first follower structure are both disposed on the stop ring. Multiple first stop structures and first follower structures are provided and are arranged alternately and at intervals along the circumference of the stop ring.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first follower structure is a first protrusion extending radially outward from the stop ring; the second follower structure includes a plurality of second grooves corresponding one-to-one with each of the first protrusions, the second grooves being formed on the top of the outer ring of the drill bit body along the axial direction of the drill bit body, the second grooves communicating with the first grooves, each of the first protrusions slidingly engaging with the corresponding second groove, and being able to slide relative to the corresponding second groove along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first stop structure is a second protrusion extending axially away from the drill body along the stop ring.

[0008] In some embodiments, each of the second protrusions also extends radially outward from the stop ring; the total number of the second grooves in the second follower structure is not less than the sum of the number of the first protrusion and the number of the second protrusion; a portion of the second grooves correspond one-to-one with each of the second protrusions, and each of the second protrusions and the corresponding second grooves slide in a sliding fit, enabling them to slide relative to the corresponding second grooves along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second stop structure includes a plurality of stop steps arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the outer drill bit sleeve. Each stop step is a third protrusion on the inner wall of the outer drill bit sleeve that protrudes radially into the outer drill bit sleeve. There is space between any two adjacent stop steps for the first stop structure to be embedded.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism includes a pressure-bearing structure and an elastic body. The pressure-bearing structure is connected to the stop body and is used to abut against the pressure-applying structure of the internal drill bit, so that the stop body moves closer to the drill bit body under the pressure of the pressure-applying structure, and the stop body switches to the stop position. The elastic body is disposed between the drill bit body and the stop body to provide a driving force for the stop body to move away from the drill bit body, so that the stop body switches to the follow-up position.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pressure-bearing structure includes a pressure pin, and the first stop structure has a pin hole along the radial direction of the stop body. One end of the pressure pin is installed in the pin hole, and the other end of the pressure pin extends into the inner ring of the drill bit body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic body includes a plurality of springs, each spring being arranged axially along the drill bit body and the plurality of springs being arranged circumferentially along the drill bit body. The bottom of the stop body is provided with a plurality of first spring seats, and the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of second spring seats. One end of each spring is installed in the corresponding first spring seat, and the other end of each spring is installed in the corresponding second spring seat.

[0013] This utility model provides a drilling tool, including a drill bit body, an outer drill bit stationary sleeve, an inner drilling tool, and the aforementioned drill bit stop structure. The outer drill bit stationary sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the drill bit body; the inner drilling tool is detachably disposed within the inner ring of the drill bit body.

[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art: The drill bit stop structure provided by this utility model, by setting a stop body, a second follower structure, and a second stop mechanism, allows the stop body to switch between a stop position and a follower position under the driving action of the drive mechanism. In the follower position, the first and second stop structures are unlocked, allowing the drill bit body to rotate freely and achieve normal downhole drilling. In the stop position, the first and second stop structures are locked to restrict the relative rotation between the stop body and the outer drill bit sleeve. At the same time, the first and second follower structures are locked to restrict the relative rotation between the drill bit body and the stop body. At this time, the drill bit body will not rotate with the aluminum alloy inner core or move around, thus stabilizing the drill bit body and enabling successful destruction of the aluminum alloy inner core, improving operating efficiency and stability.

[0015] The drilling tool provided by this utility model can perform downhole drilling normally. When it is necessary to destroy the aluminum alloy inner core, it can also prevent the drill bit body and the outer drill bit sleeve from rotating relative to each other. That is, the drill bit body will not rotate with the aluminum alloy inner core, which stabilizes the drill bit body and can successfully destroy the aluminum alloy inner core, thus improving the operating efficiency and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the drill bit stop structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stop body in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the stop body in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external drill bit stationary sleeve in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit body structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the drill bit body in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the drill bit body and the stop body in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pressure pin in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spring in Embodiment 1 of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drill bit in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0018] In the figure: 100, drill bit stop structure; 110, stop body; 111, stop ring; 112, first stop structure; 113, first follower structure; 114, pin hole; 115, first spring seat; 120, second slide groove; 130, stop step; 140, drive mechanism; 141, pressure pin; 142, spring; 200, drill bit body; 210, first slide groove; 220, second spring seat; 300, outer drill bit stationary sleeve; 400, drill tool. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a drill bit stop structure and drill bit tool that can prevent the drill bit body from rotating with the aluminum alloy inner core, stabilize the drill bit body, improve operating efficiency and stability, and solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-10 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment provides a drill bit stop structure 100, for reference... Figure 1 The system includes a stop body 110, a second follower structure, a second stop structure, and a drive mechanism 140. The stop body 110 includes a first stop structure 112 and a first follower structure 113 arranged circumferentially along the stop body 110. The stop body 110 is capable of moving axially along the drill bit body 200. The second follower structure is disposed on the top of the drill bit body 200. The second stop structure is disposed on the inner wall of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300, which is fitted around the outer periphery of the drill bit body 200. The drive mechanism 140 is capable of driving the stop body 110 to move closer to or further away from the drill bit body 200, so that the stop body 110 switches between a stop position and a follower position. In the active position, the stop body 110 is away from the drill bit body 200, and the first stop structure 112 and the second stop structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation of the stop body 110 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300. The first follower structure 113 and the second follower structure are also locked to restrict the relative rotation of the drill bit body 200 and the stop body 110. In the follower position, the stop body 110 is close to the drill bit body 200, and the first stop structure 112 and the second stop structure are unlocked, allowing the stop body 110 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 to rotate relative to each other. The first follower structure 113 and the second follower structure are then locked to restrict the relative rotation of the drill bit body 200 and the stop body 110. The drill bit stop structure 100 provided in this embodiment, by setting the stop body 110, the second follower structure, and the second stop mechanism, allows the stop body 110 to switch between the stop position and the follower position under the driving action of the drive mechanism 140. In the follow-up position, the first stop structure 112 and the second stop structure are unlocked, allowing the drill bit body 200 to rotate freely and achieve normal downhole drilling. In the stop position, the first stop structure 112 and the second stop structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation between the stop body 110 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300. At the same time, the first follow-up structure 113 and the second follow-up structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation between the drill bit body 200 and the stop body 110. At this time, the aluminum alloy inner core is destroyed, meaning the drill bit body 200 will not rotate with the aluminum alloy inner core or move around. This stabilizes the drill bit body 200, allowing it to be destroyed smoothly, thus improving operating efficiency and stability.

[0023] In some implementations, reference Figure 1 and Figure 7The stop body 110 includes a stop ring 111. A first groove 210 is formed circumferentially on the top of the inner ring of the drill bit body 200. The stop ring 111 is slidably fitted into the first groove 210 and can slide along the axial direction of the drill bit body 200 within the first groove 210. A first stop structure 112 and a first follower structure 113 are both disposed on the stop ring 111. Multiple first stop structures 112 and first follower structures 113 are provided and are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the stop ring 111. In this embodiment, by providing a first groove 210 circumferentially on the top of the inner ring of the drill bit body 200, the stop ring 111 slides with the first groove 210, ensuring that the stop body 110 can stably slide along the axial direction of the drill bit body 200 under the driving action of the drive mechanism 140, thus realizing the switching between the active position and the follower position. Furthermore, the first stop structure 112 and the first follower structure 113 are both provided in multiple alternating intervals along the circumference of the stop ring 111, which can make the force on the stop body 110 more balanced in the circumferential direction and avoid the problem of reduced service life of the stop body 110 due to stress concentration on the stop body 110.

[0024] In some implementations, reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The first follower structure 113 is a first protrusion extending radially outward from the stop ring 111. The second follower structure includes a plurality of second grooves 120 corresponding one-to-one with each of the first protrusions. The second grooves 120 are formed on the top of the outer ring of the drill bit body 200 along the axial direction of the drill bit body 200. The second grooves 120 and the first grooves 210 are connected. Each first protrusion and its corresponding second groove 120 are slidably engaged, allowing them to slide relative to the corresponding second groove 120 along the axial direction of the drill bit body 200. In this embodiment, two first protrusions are provided and symmetrically arranged on the stop ring 111. Each first protrusion can move along the axial direction of the drill bit body 200 within the second groove 120 under the drive of the drive mechanism 140. The side of each first protrusion abuts against the groove wall of the second groove 120 to restrict the relative rotation between the stop body 110 and the drill bit body 200. The structure is simple and easy to implement. In some other embodiments, the number of first protrusions can be set to other quantities.

[0025] In some implementations, reference Figure 2The first stop structure 112 is a second protrusion extending axially away from the drill body 200 along the stop ring 111. In this embodiment, the top surface of the second protrusion is higher than the top surface of the stop ring 111, so that when the drive mechanism 140 drives the stop ring 111 away from the drill body 200, the second protrusion protrudes outward from the drill body 200 and can lock with the second stop structure to restrict the relative rotation between the stop body 110 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300. At the same time, the first protrusion abuts against the groove wall of the second slide groove 120, restricting the relative rotation between the stop body 110 and the drill body 200. This ensures that when the aluminum alloy inner core is damaged, the drill body 200 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 cannot rotate relative to each other, that is, the drill body 200 will not rotate or move with the aluminum alloy inner core. In this embodiment, two second protrusions are provided, with two first protrusions and two second protrusions alternately arranged and evenly distributed on the stop ring 111 along its circumference. In other embodiments, the number of second protrusions may be set to other quantities.

[0026] In some implementations, reference Figure 2 Each second protrusion extends radially outward from the stop ring 111; the total number of second grooves 120 in the second follower structure is not less than the sum of the number of first protrusions and second protrusions; some second grooves 120 correspond one-to-one with each second protrusion, and each second protrusion and its corresponding second groove 120 slide in cooperation, allowing them to slide relative to the corresponding second groove 120 along the axial direction of the drill body 200. In this embodiment, four second grooves 120 are provided, which are slidably connected to the corresponding first protrusions and second protrusions respectively. By making the second protrusions also slide in cooperation with the corresponding second grooves 120, the side of the second protrusion also abuts against the groove wall of the corresponding second groove 120 to restrict the relative rotation between the stop body 110 and the drill body 200, which can make the force on the circumferential direction of the drill body 200 more balanced and extend the service life of the drill body 200.

[0027] In some implementations, reference Figure 4 The second stop structure includes multiple stop steps 130 arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the outer drill bit sleeve 300. Each stop step 130 is a third protrusion protruding radially outward from the inner wall of the outer drill bit sleeve 300. There is space between every two adjacent stop steps 130 for the first stop structure 112 to be embedded. In this embodiment, there are two stop steps 130, symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the outer drill bit sleeve 300. When the drive mechanism 140 drives the stop ring 111 away from the drill bit body 200, the second protrusion protrudes outward from the drill bit body 200, and the side of the second protrusion abuts against the side of the corresponding stop step 130. In some other embodiments, the number of stop steps 130 can be set to other quantities, as long as the space between two adjacent stop steps 130 is sufficient for the second protrusion and the stop step 130 to lock together.

[0028] In some implementations, reference Figure 7 The drive mechanism 140 includes a pressure-bearing structure and an elastic body. The pressure-bearing structure is connected to the stop body 110 and is used to abut against the pressure-applying structure of the internal drill bit, so that the stop body 110 moves closer to the drill bit body 200 under the pressure of the pressure-applying structure, and the stop body 110 switches to the stop position. The elastic body is disposed between the drill bit body 200 and the stop body 110 to provide the driving force for the stop body 110 to move away from the drill bit body 200, so that the stop body 110 switches to the follow-up position. By setting up a pressure-bearing structure and an elastic body, the stop body 110 can be switched between the stopped position and the following position. In this embodiment, the inner drill string includes a pressure barrel. The pressure barrel applies pressure to the pressure-bearing structure, which can push the stop body 110 close to the drill bit body 200 along the axis of the drill bit body 200. At this time, the stop body 110 is unlocked from the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300, and the stop body 110 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 can rotate relative to each other. At this time, the drill bit body 200 can rotate freely to achieve normal downhole drilling. When the inner drill string is withdrawn, the stop body 110... Under the elastic force of the elastic body, the stop body 110 is pushed away from the drill bit body 200 along the axis of the drill bit body 200. At this time, the stop body 110 is locked with the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 to restrict the relative rotation between the drill bit body 200 and the stop body 110. At this time, the aluminum alloy inner core is destroyed, and the drill bit body 200 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 cannot rotate relative to each other. That is, the drill bit body 200 will not rotate with the aluminum alloy inner core or move around, thus stabilizing the drill bit body 200 and successfully destroying the aluminum alloy inner core, improving the operating efficiency and stability.

[0029] In some implementations, reference Figure 7 The pressure-bearing structure includes pressure pins 141. A pin hole 114 is radially formed on the first stop structure 112 along the stop body 110. One end of the pressure pin 141 is installed in the pin hole 114, and the other end extends into the inner ring of the drill bit body 200. In this embodiment, four pressure pins 141 are provided, with one end of each pin installed in the pin hole 114 and the other end extending into the drill bit body 200, forming a channel for the inner drill tool to pass through. Each first stop structure 112 has two pressure pins 141, and the tops of the four pressure pins 141 form a pressure-bearing surface to abut against the pressure chamber of the inner drill tool. In other embodiments, pressure can also be achieved through other pressure-bearing structures abutting against the pressure chamber.

[0030] In some implementations, reference Figure 3 , 67. The elastic body includes multiple springs 142, each spring 142 arranged axially along the drill bit body 200 and circumferentially along the drill bit body 200. Multiple first spring seats 115 are provided at the bottom of the stop body 110, and multiple second spring seats 220 are correspondingly provided on the drill bit body 200. One end of each spring 142 is installed in the corresponding first spring seat 115, and the other end of each spring 142 is installed in the corresponding second spring seat 220. Specifically, when the first stop structure 112 and the second stop structure are locked, each spring 142 is in a compressed state. The multiple first spring seats 115 are evenly distributed at the bottom of the stop body 110 at positions corresponding to the first stop structure 112 and the first follower mechanism. The multiple second spring seats 220 are evenly distributed on the plane connecting the four first slide grooves 210 and the second slide groove 120, so that the elastic force applied by the elastic body to the stop body 110 is more uniform, and the movement of the stop body 110 is more stable. In this embodiment, 20 springs 142, 20 first spring seats 115, and 20 220 are provided, and they are evenly distributed within the four second slide grooves 120. In other embodiments, the number of first spring seats 115, second spring seats 220, and springs 142 may be different. In other embodiments, the elastomer may also be a spring 142, with its bottom abutting against the bottom of the first slide groove 210 and its top abutting against the bottom of the stop ring 111, so as to provide a supporting force for the stop ring 111 to move away from the drill bit body 200 after the pressure barrel of the inner drill bit is removed.

[0031] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the first groove 210 is formed on the top of the outer ring of the drill bit body 200, the second groove 120 is formed on the top of the inner ring of the drill bit body 200, the first follower structure 113 is a first protrusion extending radially inward from the stop ring 111, and the first stop structure 112 is a second protrusion extending radially inward from the stop ring 111 while extending axially away from the drill bit body 200 along the stop ring 111.

[0032] Example 3 This embodiment provides a drill bit 400, for reference. Figure 1 and Figure 10 It includes a drill bit body 200, an outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300, an inner drill tool (not shown in the figure), and a drill bit stop structure 100 in Embodiment 1. The outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 is fitted around the outer periphery of the drill bit body 200; the inner drill tool is detachably installed on the inner ring of the drill bit body 200.

[0033] The drill bit body 200 is internally fitted with an aluminum alloy inner core, which acts as a one-way valve during cementing operations using the drill string 400, similar to a float valve. After cementing, the aluminum alloy inner core needs to be removed with the drill bit, i.e., core cleaning. However, during core cleaning, it is necessary to prevent the drill bit body 200 from rotating with the aluminum alloy inner core. Since it is impossible to confirm downhole whether the drill bit body 200 has been cemented, the drill bit body 200 needs to be connected to the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 through the stop body 110 to form a stationary structure. The specific process is as follows: Drilling status: Before drilling, an inner drill tool is installed inside the drill bit body 200. This inner drill tool contains a pressure barrel, a screw, and an inner drill bit. The inner drill bit and drill bit body 200 are connected via a torque transmission pin. The pressure barrel in the inner drill tool applies downward pressure to the pressure pin 141, compressing the springs 142. The stop body 110 on the drill bit body 200 then moves downward, and the drill bit stop structure 100 enters a follow-up state. During drilling, the screw drives the inner drill bit to rotate, which in turn drives the drill bit body 200 to rotate via the torque transmission pin, thus achieving downhole drilling. The stop step 130 of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 does not restrict the movement of the stop body 110, allowing the drill bit body 200 to rotate freely.

[0034] Core cleaning state (damaging the aluminum alloy core): After cementing, to ensure subsequent drilling operations, the aluminum alloy core inside the drill bit body 200 needs to be cleaned, and the drill bit body 200 should be prevented from rotating with the aluminum alloy core. Since it is impossible to confirm downhole whether the drill bit body 200 has been fixed by cement, the drill bit body 200 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 need to be connected by the stop body 110 to form a stationary structure, so as to prevent relative rotation between the drill bit body 200 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300. After the inner drill string is retrieved, the pressure barrel of the inner drill string is disengaged from the pressure pin 141, and the pressure pin 141 loses downward pressure; each spring 142 elastically resets and extends upward, driving the stop body 110 to move upward synchronously, and finally the first stop structure 112 of the stop body 110 is tightly engaged with the stop step 130 of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300. At this time, each spring 142 remains compressed, and the drill body 200 is firmly locked, preventing it from rotating or shifting with the inner core, thus ensuring stable operation of the inner core cleaning process.

[0035] The drill bit 400 provided in this embodiment can perform downhole drilling normally. When it is necessary to destroy the aluminum alloy inner core, it can also prevent the drill bit body 200 and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve 300 from rotating relative to each other. That is, the drill bit body 200 will not rotate with the aluminum alloy inner core, which stabilizes the drill bit body 200 and can successfully destroy the aluminum alloy inner core, thus improving the efficiency and stability of the operation.

[0036] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A drill bit stop structure, characterized in that: include: The stop body includes a first stop structure and a first follower structure arranged circumferentially along the stop body, and the stop body is capable of moving along the axial direction of the drill bit body; The second follower structure is disposed on the top of the drill bit body; The second stop structure is provided on the inner wall of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the drill bit body; as well as A driving mechanism is provided, which can drive the stop body to move closer to or further away from the drill bit body, so that the stop body can switch between a stop position and a follow-up position; in the stop position, the stop body is away from the drill bit body, the first stop structure and the second stop structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation of the stop body and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve, and the first follow-up structure and the second follow-up structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation of the drill bit body and the stop body; In the following position, the stop body is close to the drill bit body, the first stop structure and the second stop structure are unlocked, the stop body and the outer drill bit stationary sleeve can rotate relative to each other, and the first follow-up structure and the second follow-up structure are locked to restrict the relative rotation between the drill bit body and the stop body.

2. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop body includes a stop ring. A first sliding groove is provided on the top of the inner ring of the drill bit body along the circumference. The stop ring is slidably assembled in the first sliding groove and can slide along the axial direction of the drill bit body in the first sliding groove. The first stop structure and the first follower structure are both provided on the stop ring. Multiple first stop structures and first follower structures are provided and are arranged alternately along the circumference of the stop ring.

3. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first follower structure is a first protrusion extending radially outward from the stop ring; The second follower structure includes a plurality of second slide grooves corresponding one-to-one with each of the first protrusions. The second slide grooves are formed on the top of the outer ring of the drill bit body along the axial direction of the drill bit body. The second slide grooves are connected to the first slide grooves. Each of the first protrusions and the corresponding second slide grooves are slidably engaged, and can slide relative to the corresponding second slide grooves along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

4. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first stop structure is a second protrusion extending away from the drill bit body along the axial direction of the stop ring.

5. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the second protrusions also extends radially outward from the stop ring; The total number of the second sliding grooves in the second follower structure is not less than the sum of the number of the first protrusion and the number of the second protrusion; some of the second sliding grooves correspond one-to-one with each of the second protrusions, and each of the second protrusions and the corresponding second sliding grooves slide in a sliding fit, so that they can slide relative to the corresponding second sliding grooves along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

6. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second stop structure includes a plurality of stop steps arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve. Each stop step is a third protrusion on the inner wall of the outer drill bit stationary sleeve that protrudes radially into the outer drill bit stationary sleeve. There is space between any two adjacent stop steps for the first stop structure to be embedded.

7. The drill bit stop structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes: A pressure-bearing structure, connected to the stop body, is used to abut against the pressure-applying structure of the internal drill bit, so that the stop body moves closer to the drill bit body under the pressure of the pressure-applying structure, and the stop body switches to the stop position; and An elastomer is disposed between the drill bit body and the stop body to provide a driving force for the stop body to move away from the drill bit body, thereby switching the stop body to the follow-up position.

8. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing structure includes a pressure pin. The first stop structure has a pin hole along the radial direction of the stop body. One end of the pressure pin is installed in the pin hole, and the other end of the pressure pin extends into the inner ring of the drill bit body.

9. The drill bit stop structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic body includes multiple springs, each spring is arranged along the axial direction of the drill bit body, and the multiple springs are arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill bit body. The bottom of the stop body is provided with multiple first spring seats, and the drill bit body is provided with multiple second spring seats. One end of each spring is installed in the corresponding first spring seat, and the other end of each spring is installed in the corresponding second spring seat.

10. A drilling tool, characterized in that: include: Drill bit body; An outer drill bit sleeve is fitted around the outer periphery of the drill bit body; Internal drill string, detachably mounted within the inner ring of the drill bit body; and The drill bit stop structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 above.

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