Oil bailing multifunctional suction device

Abstract

The utility model relates to oil well development technical field especially relates to a kind of multifunctional sucker rod for oil recovery, including central tube, reducing joint, mounting sleeve, bionic leather bowl, metal spacer ring and oil hole, the connecting place of reducing joint and central tube is set in the thread of mutual screwing, realize detachable assembly, the periphery of mounting sleeve is slidably connected reducing joint, and the periphery of mounting sleeve is fixedly installed with multiple groups of linearly arranged metal spacer ring, bionic leather bowl is fixedly connected between two groups of adjacent metal spacer ring, and the side wall of central tube and reducing joint is all provided with oil hole;The utility model is connected by the modularization thread connection design of reducing joint and central tube, supports quick disassembly replacement mounting sleeve, and then adapts different specifications bionic leather bowl to match multi-size casing operation demand, adapts different size casing to operate, and modularization design realizes overall sucker rod partial replacement, effectively reduces material cost, realizes equipment full life cycle economy optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil well development technology, and in particular to a multi-functional oil retrieval pump. Background Technology

[0002] In the mid-to-late stages of oilfield development, there is a general increase in low-production wells, shut-in wells, and remote wells. These wells are generally characterized by insufficient formation energy, high water cut, and low production. Using traditional pumping units for continuous production is often uneconomical due to high energy consumption and maintenance costs. The oil recovery technology, as an intermittent and low-cost production method, uses mobile oil recovery trucks in conjunction with downhole oil recovery pumps to restore formation vitality by reducing the fluid column pressure in the wellbore. It has become an important technical means for the economical and effective development of such oil wells.

[0003] Existing oil extraction pumps still have significant limitations in practical applications. Most of them are fixed structures, and usually one type of pump can only match a single specification of sleeve, resulting in low applicability. Furthermore, when the sealing part or other high-wear parts of the pump are damaged, the entire pump needs to be replaced, which wastes materials.

[0004] Therefore, to address the aforementioned issues, a multi-functional oil-retrieving extractor can be designed. This extractor utilizes a modular, detachable reducing connector structure to install highly worn sealing components. On one hand, it allows for rapid replacement of suitable sealing components based on the specifications of the on-site casing, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability to different working conditions. On the other hand, when a component of the extractor is damaged, only the damaged module needs to be replaced, avoiding complete scrapping, effectively reducing material costs, and achieving economic optimization throughout the equipment's lifecycle. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problems of existing oil extraction pumps having mostly fixed structures, which typically only match a single specification of sleeve and have low applicability, and the need to replace the entire pump when the sealing part or other high wear parts of the pump are damaged, resulting in wasted materials.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a multi-functional oil-scooping tool, comprising a central tube, a reducing joint, a mounting sleeve, a bionic leather cup, a metal spacer ring, and an oil hole. The connection between the reducing joint and the central tube is provided by mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing joint. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve. The bionic leather cup is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers. Oil holes are opened on the side walls of both the central tube and the reducing joint.

[0007] Preferably, the spacer ring and bionic cup are slidably fitted around the reducer by setting an installation sleeve. During the lowering operation, the installation sleeve slides axially along the reducer joint, disengaging from the oil hole area of ​​the reducer joint, allowing crude oil to enter the internal channel through the oil hole of the reducer joint, and finally be transported to the top of the bionic cup through the oil hole of the central tube. During the lifting and upward movement, the installation sleeve slides down to block the oil hole around the reducer joint. The bionic cup deforms under oil pressure and fits tightly against the casing wall, achieving a seal to prevent crude oil leakage. The spacer ring can prevent excessive deformation of the bionic cup. The reducer joint and the central tube are connected by interlocking threads, which allows for easy disassembly of the reducer joint. After the reducer joint is disassembled, the installation sleeve can be quickly replaced, allowing for the replacement of bionic cups of different specifications according to actual conditions, adapting to different sizes of casings for operation. The modular design of the central tube and reducer joint allows for the replacement of only the damaged module when a local component of the extractor is damaged, avoiding overall scrapping, effectively reducing material costs, and optimizing the economic efficiency of the equipment throughout its entire life cycle.

[0008] Preferably, the opening of the bionic leather bowl faces upward, and the edge of the bionic leather bowl has a beveled structure.

[0009] As a preferred option, the lower surface of the bionic leather bowl has multiple sets of guide grooves.

[0010] Preferably, the oil holes on the sidewalls of the central tube and the reducing joint are in four sets, and are evenly distributed circumferentially around their axis.

[0011] Preferably, an upper limit plate is fixedly installed on the periphery of the central tube, and a lower limit plate is fixedly installed on the periphery of the reducing joint.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the lower limit plate is positioned on the sealing ring, and the lower end of the mounting sleeve has a groove corresponding to the sealing ring.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the central tube is fixedly connected to an upper connector, and the upper end of the upper connector is fixedly installed with a hanging lug.

[0014] Preferably, four sets of springs are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the upper connector, and the four sets of springs are evenly arranged in a circle around the axis of the central tube.

[0015] Preferably, one end of each set of springs is fixedly mounted with a set of mounting brackets, and the inside of the mounting brackets is rotatably connected to the rollers.

[0016] Preferably, four sets of guide telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting frame. The four sets of guide telescopic rods are located inside four sets of springs, and the telescopic ends of the guide telescopic rods are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting frame.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting post is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reducing joint, a connecting sleeve is sleeved around the connecting post, a counterweight head is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a pin is provided inside the connecting sleeve, the pin passing through the connecting post and the connecting sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: The reducing coupling and the central tube are connected by interlocking threads, allowing for easy disassembly of the reducing coupling. After disassembly, the mounting sleeve can be quickly replaced, enabling the replacement of different specifications of bionic cups to accommodate different sizes of sleeves for operation. The modular design of the central tube and reducing coupling allows for the replacement of only the damaged module when a local component of the extractor is damaged, avoiding complete scrapping, effectively reducing material costs, and optimizing the economic efficiency of the equipment throughout its entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the multi-functional oil-scooping extractor of this utility model. Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the counterweight head of the multi-functional oil-scooping extractor of this utility model in disassembled state. Figure 3 The diagram shown is an exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer periphery of the multi-functional oil-scooping pump mounting sleeve of this utility model. Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the oil-scooping multi-functional extractor center tube and the reducing joint in a separated state. Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Central tube; 101. Upper limit plate; 2. Reducing connector; 201. Lower limit plate; 202. Connecting column; 203. Sealing ring; 3. Mounting sleeve; 301. Groove; 4. Bionic cup; 401. Flow guide groove; 5. Metal spacer ring; 6. Upper connector; 601. Hanging lug; 602. Spring; 603. Mounting bracket; 604. Roller; 605. Guide telescopic rod; 7. Counterweight head; 701. Connecting sleeve; 702. Pin; 8. Oil hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4This utility model provides an embodiment: a multi-functional oil-scooping extractor, including a central tube 1, a reducing joint 2, a mounting sleeve 3, a bionic cup 4, a metal spacer ring 5, and oil holes 8. The reducing joint 2 is connected to the central tube 1 by interlocking threads, enabling detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing joint 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacer rings 5 ​​are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two adjacent sets of metal spacer rings 5. Oil holes 8 are provided on the side walls of both the central tube 1 and the reducing joint 2. By setting the mounting sleeve 3, the spacer ring and the bionic cup 4 are slidably mounted on the periphery of the reducing joint 2. During the lowering operation, the mounting sleeve 3 slides axially away from the oil hole 8 area of ​​the reducing joint 2, allowing crude oil to enter the internal channel through the oil hole 8 of the reducing joint 2, and finally pass through the central tube 1. The oil is fed through hole 8 to the top of the bionic cup 4. During the upward lifting process, the mounting sleeve 3 slides down to block the oil hole 8 on the periphery of the reducing joint 2. By setting the bionic cup 4 to deform under oil pressure and tightly adhere to the casing wall, a seal is achieved to prevent crude oil leakage. The spacer ring can prevent excessive deformation of the bionic cup 4. The reducing joint 2 and the central tube 1 are connected by interlocking threads, which allows for easy disassembly of the reducing joint 2. After the reducing joint 2 is disassembled, the mounting sleeve 3 can be quickly replaced, allowing for the replacement of different specifications of the bionic cup 4 according to the actual situation, adapting to different sizes of casing for operation. The modular design of the central tube 1 and the reducing joint 2 allows for the targeted replacement of damaged modules when a local component of the extractor is damaged, avoiding overall scrapping, effectively reducing material costs, and achieving economic optimization throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the bionic cup 4 has an upward-facing opening, and its edge is provided with a beveled structure. Multiple sets of guide grooves 401 are formed on the lower surface of the bionic cup 4. During lowering, the upward-facing bionic cup 4 contracts, allowing liquid to pass through with the help of the guide grooves 401, reducing downward resistance. During lifting, the bionic cup 4 opens, and the beveled structure adheres tightly to the inner wall of the sleeve, cutting off the guide grooves 401. Under the hydraulic pressure above the bionic cup 4, it simulates the principle of a large bowl holding water, automatically deforming and filling micro-gaps upon contact with the sleeve. The central tube 1 and the reducing connector 2 each have four sets of oil holes 8 on their side walls. Furthermore, the oil holes are evenly distributed around its axis in a circular pattern; the evenly distributed multiple sets of oil holes 8 can effectively increase the liquid inlet volume and improve the lowering speed; an upper limit plate 101 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the central tube 1, and a lower limit plate 201 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the reducing joint 2; the sliding of the mounting sleeve 3 is limited by the cooperation of the upper limit plate 101 and the lower limit plate 201; the upper end of the lower limit plate 201 is provided with a sealing ring 203, and the lower end of the mounting sleeve 3 is provided with a groove 301 corresponding to the sealing ring 203; the sealing ring 203 and the groove 301 cooperate to ensure the sealing between the mounting sleeve 3 and the lower plate during the lifting process.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, an upper connector 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central tube 1, and a hanging ear 601 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the upper connector 6; an external hanging drive system can be connected by setting the hanging ear 601; four sets of springs 602 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the upper connector 6, and the four sets of springs 602 are evenly arranged in a circle around the axis of the central tube 1. A set of mounting brackets 603 is fixedly installed at one end of each set of springs 602. The inside of the mounting bracket 603 is rotatably connected to the roller 604. Four sets of guide telescopic rods 605 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting bracket 603. The four sets of guide telescopic rods 605 are respectively located inside the four sets of springs 602, and the telescopic ends of the guide telescopic rods 605 are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting bracket 603; the roller 604 is installed by setting the mounting bracket 603, and when the whole... After the device enters the casing, under the guidance of the guide telescopic rod 605, the spring 602 is compressed, causing the roller 604 to fit tightly against the inner wall of the casing and enter the casing, thus forming an auxiliary centering and straightening structure to ensure the stable lowering of the central tube 1; a connecting column 202 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reducing joint 2, and a connecting sleeve 701 is sleeved around the connecting column 202. A counterweight head 7 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting sleeve 701, and a pin 702 is provided inside the connecting sleeve 701, which passes through the connecting column 202 and the connecting sleeve 701; by sleeved the connecting sleeve 701 around the connecting column 202 and fixed it by setting the pin 702, the counterweight head 7 can be reliably installed. By setting the counterweight head 7, the counterweight is increased, ensuring the stable lowering of the extractor.

[0024] Example 1: Optionally, the utility model provides an embodiment that addresses the equipment corrosion problem for high water-cut oil wells (water cut > 80%): The specific oil well parameters addressed in this embodiment are: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, and crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells suffer from problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution addresses these pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing joint 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing joint 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacer rings 5 ​​are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacer rings 5. Oil holes 8 are opened on the side walls of the central tube 1 and the reducing joint 2. The metal spacer ring 5 and central tube 1 are made of 316L stainless steel to improve corrosion resistance. The biomimetic leather cup 4 is made of hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) with excellent oil and water resistance. An anti-corrosion coating (such as epoxy resin) is added at the oil hole 8. A bimetallic sealing structure is used to enhance corrosion resistance. Salt spray test is conducted to verify corrosion resistance. All metal parts must undergo surface phosphating treatment, and rubber parts must be pretreated in a constant temperature chamber for 24 hours. The assembly process must be completed in a cleanroom with a cleanliness level of 10,000. Special anti-seize lubricant must be applied to key threaded connections.

[0026] Example 2: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the problems of poor centering and insufficient stability required for inclined shaft operations: The specific oil well parameters targeted in this embodiment are: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells have problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution solves the above pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with interlocking threads for detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. A bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two adjacent sets of metal spacers 5. An upper connector 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central tube 1. A lug 601 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the upper connector 6. Four sets of springs 602 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the upper connector 6. The four sets of springs 602 are evenly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the central tube 1. Each set of springs 602 has a diameter of 601. A set of mounting brackets 603 is fixedly installed at one end of each of the 2 components. The interior of the mounting brackets 603 is rotatably connected to the rollers 604. Four sets of guide telescopic rods 605 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting brackets 603. The four sets of guide telescopic rods 605 are located inside the four sets of springs 602 respectively. The telescopic ends of the guide telescopic rods 605 are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting brackets 603. The shape of the bionic cup 4 is optimized to a conical structure to enhance the fit. The arrangement angle of the metal spacer rings 5 ​​is adjusted to 30° to improve stability. The rollers 604 are made of wear-resistant materials to extend their service life. The performance is verified by conducting a deviated well simulation test.

[0028] All metal parts must undergo surface phosphating, and rubber parts must be pre-treated in a constant temperature chamber for 24 hours. The assembly process must be completed in a cleanroom with a cleanliness level of 10,000, and a special anti-galling lubricant must be applied to critical threaded connections.

[0029] Example 3: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the problem of low oil production efficiency for low-permeability oil wells (permeability <10mD).

[0030] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. Oil holes 8 are opened on the side walls of the central tube 1 and the reducing connector 2.

[0031] The number of oil pores was increased to 8 sets, and the distribution logic was optimized; an ultra-low density metal spacer ring 5 (density <7.8g / cm³) was adopted; the deformation mechanism of the bionic leather cup 4 was optimized to enhance the adsorption capacity; low viscosity lubricating oil was used to reduce flow resistance; and permeability testing was conducted to verify the performance.

[0032] All metal parts must undergo surface phosphating, and rubber parts must be pre-treated in a constant temperature chamber for 24 hours. The assembly process must be completed in a cleanroom with a cleanliness level of 10,000, and a special anti-galling lubricant must be applied to critical threaded connections.

[0033] Example 4: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the problem of high flow resistance in high-viscosity crude oil (viscosity > 5000 mPa·s) applications: The specific oil well parameters addressed in this embodiment are: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, and crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells suffer from problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution addresses these pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The opening of the bionic cup 4 faces upward, and the edge of the bionic cup 4 is provided with a beveled structure. Multiple sets of guide grooves 401 are opened on the lower surface of the bionic cup 4. During the lowering process, the bionic cup 4 with the opening facing upward contracts. With the cooperation of the guide grooves 401, the liquid can pass through with reduced descent resistance. During the lifting process, the bionic cup 4 opens, and the beveled structure is close to the inner wall of the sleeve, cutting off the guide grooves 401. Under the hydraulic action above the bionic cup 4, the bionic cup 4 simulates the principle of a large bowl holding water and automatically deforms to fill the micro gaps when it contacts the sleeve.

[0035] The diameter of the central tube 1 was increased to 120mm, and the flow channel design was optimized; a spiral guide groove 401 structure was adopted to reduce flow resistance; a high-temperature viscosity reducer was used to treat crude oil; the deformation mechanism of the bionic cup 4 was optimized to adapt to high-viscosity fluids; and viscosity tests were conducted to verify the performance.

[0036] Example 5: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment that addresses the challenges of high pressure, low temperature, and corrosion in deep-sea oil well operations (water depth > 1500m): The specific oil well parameters addressed in this embodiment are: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, and crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells suffer from problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution addresses these pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization.

[0037] Please see Figure 1In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5.

[0038] The central tube 1 and the reducing joint 2 are manufactured using Ti-6Al-4V ELI (ultra-low gap) grade titanium alloy. This material not only possesses excellent resistance to chloride ion corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, but its high strength-to-weight ratio effectively reduces the weight of the tubing and ensures high toughness at low temperatures. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment is applied to key titanium alloy components to generate a dense, high-hardness, and highly insulating ceramic oxide film, further enhancing corrosion and wear resistance. A hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composite material was developed. The matrix is ​​a modified low-temperature HNBR, ensuring high elasticity even at 4°C. An internally embedded PEEK fiber woven skeleton provides ultra-high compressive strength and extrusion resistance, mimicking the "rigid-flexible" structure of biological tissue.

[0039] A variable cross-section metal spring 602 sealing ring is used, pre-embedded in the packer seat mechanism. Under high pressure, it undergoes controllable plastic deformation, filling the micro-gaps on the metal surface and forming an absolute barrier. As an auxiliary seal, perfluoroether rubber (FFKM) is used, which is currently the elastomer with the best chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and can completely resist the erosion of various downhole media. For moving parts, a stepped coaxial seal specially designed for low temperature and high pressure is used, which is composed of PTFE and O-rings, with low friction coefficient and good low temperature rebound performance.

[0040] Based on finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the contour curve, wall thickness gradient, and wrinkle points of the packer are optimized to ensure uniform and smooth radial deformation during setting, similar to a sea cucumber, thus avoiding stress concentration. A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is embedded inside the packer to monitor temperature, pressure, and strain in real time before and after setting. The data is transmitted to the ground control system via a wet-connector for real-time diagnostics and early warning of operational status.

[0041] It adopts fully synthetic hydrocarbon low-temperature grease with complex lithium soap as thickener and high base oil viscosity index to ensure stable lubricity and adhesion in a wide temperature range of -30℃ to 200℃; the sacrificial anode block is designed to be installed in non-critical parts of the tool to provide cathodic protection for critical precision components and serve as a redundant backup for the corrosion resistance of materials.

[0042] With over 50% improvement in corrosion resistance and a design life extended from 5 years in conventional deep-sea applications to over 15 years in ultra-deep-sea applications, the tool significantly reduces operational risks and non-productive time (NPT). Its pressure resistance reaches 90 MPa, providing robust protection for core production layer operations, with a safety factor far exceeding industry standards. The tool's stable operating temperature range is extended to -30℃ to 175℃, enabling it to operate not only in the frigid deep seabed but also to handle high-temperature production fluids that may arise after well completion testing. Through an integrated sensing system, real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance of the tool's status are achieved, shifting from "passively responding to failures" to "proactively managing health"—a crucial step towards "smart wells." Although the cost per tool increases, its ultra-long lifespan and extremely high reliability can avoid millions or even tens of millions of yuan in well repair costs due to tool failure, significantly reducing the total lifespan cost.

[0043] Example 6: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment that addresses the problems of long horizontal sections and high frictional resistance in shale gas well operations: Shale gas development relies on volumetric fracturing in long horizontal wells (typically 1500-3000 meters, or even longer). In this environment, downhole tools face unique challenges. In long horizontal sections, the tool string has a huge contact area with the wellbore, generating extremely high frictional resistance and rotational torque, which can lead to failure to pump into position ("lock-in"), tool damage, or drill pipe twisting. The wellbore may have doglegs, undulating sections, and narrowing points, placing extremely high demands on tool maneuverability and flexibility. The mud medium containing drill cuttings and fracturing sand causes severe erosion and wear.

[0044] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The upper end of the central tube 1 is fixedly connected to the upper connector 6, and the upper end of the upper connector 6 is fixedly installed with a hanging lug 601.

[0045] The main body section uses a standard 15mm spacing; a wider spacing (e.g., 20mm) can be used at the rear end to increase flexibility and facilitate passage through undulating sections. The spacer ring is made of high-hardness, high-wear-resistant tungsten carbide-based alloy, with a 401 guide groove designed on the surface to facilitate mud passage and reduce suction effects. The spacer ring body adopts a joint-like design, allowing a limited deflection angle and greatly improving the overall flexibility of the tool string. The base of the cup uses a high-modulus material to ensure sealing, while the lip uses a low-modulus, high-elasticity material, allowing it to gently adhere to the well wall under low pump pressure, reducing initial friction, and effectively anchoring and sealing under high pump pressure. Drawing inspiration from the biomimetic principle of earthworm bristles, the cup lip is designed with a micro-flexible protrusion array, which reduces the contact area during movement and can embed into the soft scale layer of the well wall during setting, enhancing anchoring force.

[0046] Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings or nano-composite tungsten carbide (WC / C) coatings are applied to the surfaces of all components in contact with the wellbore, including the central tube 1 and the septum. These coatings have extremely low coefficients of friction (<0.1), extremely high hardness (>2000 HV), and excellent erosion resistance. The coating thickness is increased at areas expected to experience the most severe wear (such as the tool string front and joints) to achieve an optimal balance between cost and performance. A high-performance drag-reducing lubricant pre-fluid is pumped in before the tool string is lowered to form a lubricating film. The tool itself can integrate a slow-release lubrication module to slowly release solid lubricants (such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide particles) during operation, continuously improving the frictional environment.

[0047] The hoist drive system should not only provide a constant feed force but also integrate real-time data monitoring capabilities. By monitoring parameters such as cable tension, pressure, and temperature, the system can calculate and display the downhole friction coefficient of the tool string in real time; establish a digital twin model to simulate the tool running process in advance and predict friction and passability. Real-time comparison between field data and the model allows for immediate warnings in case of anomalies (such as a sudden increase in friction), enabling operators to take measures such as circulating well flushing and moving drill strings to avoid stuck pipe; an ultra-short radius MWD (measurement while drilling) unit can be integrated at the front end of the tool string to transmit real-time wellbore deviation and azimuth data of the tool head, providing operators with decision-making support and enabling a transition from "blind running" to "visual running."

[0048] Example 7: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment, targeting the operational needs of high-temperature and high-pressure composite oil wells (temperature > 200℃, pressure > 50MPa): This embodiment addresses specific oil well parameters: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, and crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells suffer from problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution addresses these pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization. Please see Figure 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing joint 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing joint 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. An upper limit plate 101 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the central tube 1, and a lower limit plate 201 is fixedly installed on the periphery of the reducing joint 2. A sealing ring 203 is provided at the upper end of the lower limit plate 201, and a groove 301 corresponding to the sealing ring 203 is provided at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 3.

[0049] High-performance nickel-based alloys are selected, which maintain excellent mechanical strength and corrosion resistance under high temperature (up to 700°C) and high pressure (over 100 MPa) conditions. Precision forging and heat treatment processes (such as solution treatment + age hardening) are used to optimize the grain boundary structure and avoid the risk of intergranular corrosion and stress cracking under high temperature conditions. CNC machine tools and electrical discharge machining (EDM) are used to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface finish (Ra ≤ 0.8 μm) of the center tube 1 and the reducing joint 2, reducing fluid resistance and local stress concentration.

[0050] The system employs V-shaped or C-shaped metal spring 602 sealing rings (made of Inconel or titanium alloy) to achieve initial sealing through pre-tightening force, and enhances the sealing effect under high pressure using system pressure. It uses perfluoroelastomer rubber (FFKM) or hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) to withstand high temperatures (>300℃) and acidic media (such as H2S, CO2). The metal seal bears the main high-pressure load, while the rubber seal provides elastic compensation and low-frequency vibration damping, reducing the probability of dual-seal failure to 10%. -5 the following.

[0051] Based on biomechanical models of soft tissue (such as creep-relaxation characteristics), a multi-layered heterogeneous material cup was designed: the inner layer is a highly elastic shape memory polymer (SMP), and the outer layer is coated with a carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (PEEK) wear-resistant layer. The contact stress distribution of the cup under high temperature and high pressure was simulated by finite element analysis (FEA), and the lip inclination angle (55°-65°) and compression ratio (15%-20%) were optimized to ensure stable sealing at well depths of over 8000 meters.

[0052] It uses synthetic hydrocarbon (PAO) or perfluoropolyether (PFPE) base oils and adds nano molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) or graphene solid lubricants, covering an operating temperature range of -40℃ to 300℃; it is designed with circulating lubrication and cooling channels, and uses downhole micro-pumps to force lubricate key friction pairs (such as the cup-casing inner wall) to reduce the risk of jamming caused by thermal expansion.

[0053] Example 8: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment that addresses the needs of smart oilfield construction by enabling real-time monitoring of the operational process: The core of Intelligent Oilfield (IoF) lies in the comprehensive digitization of physical entities to achieve real-time optimization and decision-making in production management. In traditional well completion operations, key processes such as packer setting and production monitoring have "data blind spots," which restrict the level of intelligence. The downhole status of tools (such as whether the setting is complete or whether the rubber sleeve is worn) relies on indirect inference from surface parameters, resulting in poor accuracy. Downhole data and surface systems are not fully integrated, making it impossible to form a closed-loop optimization. The health status of tools cannot be assessed in real time, leading to passive responses to malfunctions and unplanned production shutdowns. It is also impossible to dynamically adjust setting or production parameters based on real-time downhole conditions.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The opening of the bionic cup 4 faces upward, and the edge of the bionic cup 4 is provided with a beveled structure. Multiple sets of guide grooves 401 are opened on the lower surface of the bionic cup 4. During the lowering process, the bionic cup 4 with the opening facing upward contracts. With the cooperation of the guide grooves 401, the liquid can pass through with reduced descent resistance. During the lifting process, the bionic cup 4 opens, and the beveled structure is close to the inner wall of the sleeve, cutting off the guide grooves 401. Under the hydraulic action above the bionic cup 4, the bionic cup 4 simulates the principle of a large bowl holding water and automatically deforms to fill the micro gaps when it contacts the sleeve.

[0055] The biomimetic cup 4 integrates a micro fiber optic grating (FBG) strain sensor array at both ends to monitor the contact stress distribution between the cup and the wellbore in real time, accurately determining whether the setting is uniform and intact, and whether there is a risk of point contact or failure. It also integrates a quartz piezoresistive pressure sensor and a platinum resistance temperature sensor (PT1000) to provide high-precision wellbore pressure and temperature data of ±0.1%FS. Furthermore, it integrates a MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) accelerometer to monitor the vibration spectrum during tool descent, determining the smoothness of the pass and calculating relative displacement. A low-power microprocessor is embedded within the tool, providing preliminary edge computing capabilities. Downhole, it can filter, compress, and extract features from raw data (such as calculating stress distribution variance and identifying abnormal vibration modes), uploading only key feature values ​​rather than massive amounts of raw data, significantly saving transmission bandwidth and power consumption.

[0056] Within the toolchain, high-speed CAN bus or wired connections are used between modules to ensure data integrity; electromagnetic wave (EM) or acoustic wave wireless remote transmission technology is used to send data to the wellhead receiver. Adaptive frequency and power modulation algorithms are designed for different well depths and geological conditions to overcome channel attenuation and noise interference, ensuring data transmission rate and reliability. In ultra-long horizontal wells, intelligent coupling repeaters can be used, similar to "Wi-Fi repeaters," to transmit signals step-by-step to the wellhead, building a downhole Internet of Things (IoT).

[0057] The real-time visualization dashboard not only displays pressure and temperature curves but also presents a 3D visualization of the packer cup stress cloud, making the setting status immediately clear. A high-fidelity digital twin model of the packer and wellbore is established, with real-time downhole data driving model operation to predict tool life, assess seal integrity, and provide early warnings of faults. Based on historical and real-time data, machine learning algorithms (such as reinforcement learning) provide operators with optimization suggestions for setting parameters (such as optimal setting pump pressure and stabilization time), and may even enable closed-loop automatic control in the future. The platform provides standardized API interfaces, seamlessly integrating with existing data acquisition and monitoring control systems, distributed control systems, and oil and gas production cloud platforms in the oilfield, breaking down information silos.

[0058] The sensors are integrated into the wellbore structure as a whole, rather than being added later. For example, FBG sensor wires are braided and embedded into the wellbore body, allowing it to sense stress without affecting its mechanical properties. The materials and structure of the wellbore are optimized to ensure that the adhesion and measurement accuracy of the internal sensors remain stable during large deformations, avoiding measurement errors introduced by deformation itself. The physical packer is connected to a virtual wellbore model to simulate various complex working conditions (such as pressure surges and setting anomalies) in a laboratory environment, comprehensively testing the reliability of the sensing system and control algorithms. Pilot tests are conducted on typical wells. The collected full lifecycle data (from deployment to production) is used to iteratively optimize the digital twin model and AI algorithms, making the model "smarter" and its predictions more accurate with use.

[0059] Example 9: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the need for rapid replacement and improve operational efficiency: The specific oil well parameters addressed in this embodiment are: well depth 2000-3000 meters, well temperature range 120-180℃, casing inner diameter 118-124mm, and crude oil viscosity 50-500mPa·s. Traditional pumps in such oil wells suffer from problems such as rapid aging of the piston cup, poor sealing performance, and low operating efficiency. This solution addresses these pain points through material upgrades and structural optimization.

[0060] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. A connecting post 202 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reducing connector 2. A connecting sleeve 701 is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting post 202. A counterweight head 7 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting sleeve 701. A pin 702 is provided inside the connecting sleeve 701. The pin 702 passes through the connecting post 202 and the connecting sleeve 701.

[0061] The design employs fine-pitch or tapered threads to improve connection accuracy and sealing performance, and reduce thread wear; the introduction of a self-locking thread structure avoids loosening during operation and reduces disassembly resistance; and the application of a wear-resistant coating (such as Teflon or tungsten carbide) to the thread surface extends service life and reduces replacement frequency.

[0062] The design features a standardized plug-in interface, compatible with hydraulic or pneumatic drives, enabling one-button locking and releasing; integrated safety pins and status sensors ensure automatic feedback signals after connection, preventing misoperation; lightweight, high-strength materials (such as aerospace aluminum or composite materials) are used to reduce the intensity of manual operation.

[0063] The formula of the diaphragm material has been improved by using high-elasticity, oil-resistant rubber (such as hydrogenated nitrile rubber) to enhance deformation recovery. A multi-layer composite structure (base support + surface elastic layer) is designed to balance compressive strength and flexibility and adapt to different pore sizes, so that the diaphragm can achieve a seal without additional adjustment during installation.

[0064] Develop multi-functional hydraulic wrenches or electric torque tools to achieve precise control of threaded connections (preset torque value); design cup mounting guide clamps to avoid manual alignment difficulties and shorten replacement time; equip mobile tool carts to integrate all special tools, supporting rapid on-site access and recycling.

[0065] Example 10: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment that reduces energy consumption to meet environmental protection and energy-saving requirements: Under the "dual carbon" target, energy conservation and emission reduction in oil and gas field operations have become a core requirement for sustainable development of enterprises. Traditional operating modes consume huge amounts of energy, mainly reflected in: high power demand: large hydraulic or mechanical drive systems have high power consumption and low efficiency; process waste: fixed operating parameters cannot be adaptively adjusted, resulting in energy waste; materials and design: high fluid resistance, and material selection does not take energy consumption into account; single energy structure: completely dependent on the power grid or diesel generators, resulting in high carbon emissions.

[0066] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The upper end of the central tube 1 is fixedly connected to the upper connector 6, and the upper end of the upper connector 6 is fixedly installed with a hanging ear 601. An external hanging drive system can be connected by setting the hanging ear 601.

[0067] Deploying flexible photovoltaic thin-film arrays or mobile photovoltaic panel cabins at the well site provides clean power for the entire operating system (including hoisting drive, lighting, and data systems); in areas with abundant wind resources, installing small vertical axis wind turbines forms a wind-solar hybrid microgrid, improving the stability of energy supply; innovatively designing a regenerative braking energy recovery system allows the gravitational potential energy of the hoisting system to be converted into electrical energy through the drive motor during drilling, stored back in the battery bank, achieving peak shaving and valley filling; constructing an intelligent platform for real-time monitoring of photovoltaic, wind power, battery, and load status. Prioritizing green energy scheduling through algorithms, switching to the grid or generators only when needed, achieves optimal energy economy and environmental friendliness.

[0068] The system replaces traditional asynchronous motors with high-power-density, high-efficiency PMSM motors, paired with intelligent variable frequency drives, enabling soft-start and precise speed / torque control, eliminating high-current surges, and achieving an average energy saving of over 15%. The operation of the hoisting system no longer relies on a fixed speed. Its digital twin model receives real-time friction data from downhole tools, dynamically adjusting the lowering speed and pulling force. It allows for rapid lowering in low-friction sections and stable lowering in complex sections, avoiding ineffective power consumption and system shocks, achieving "on-demand energy supply."

[0069] Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to optimize the topology of the internal and external flow channels of the tool, eliminating eddies and dead zones. A biomimetic drag-reducing streamlined structure (such as a whale fin-shaped leader) is designed, which reduces drilling fluid circulation pressure loss by more than 20%, thereby reducing pumping power. Non-critical pressure-bearing components (such as protective covers and transition joints) are manufactured using carbon fiber composite materials or high-strength aluminum alloys, which significantly reduces the overall weight of the tool string and directly reduces the load and energy consumption of the suspension system. While ensuring strength, biomimetic lattice structure design is used for metal components to achieve a balance between lightweight and high performance.

[0070] By optimizing the material formulation (low-modulus, high-elastomer) and geometry (such as thin lips and deep folds) of the cup, the pump pressure required for its initial deformation is significantly reduced. This means lower pumping power is required for setting, shorter operation time, and lower overall energy consumption; the biomimetic cup 4 has a wider sealing adaptability range, eliminating the need for extremely high pump pressure to squeeze it to fit irregular wellbores, thus avoiding the excessive energy cost of pursuing a perfect seal.

[0071] High-precision smart meters are installed at key nodes such as the drive system and pumping system to accurately collect energy consumption data throughout the entire operation process (from hoisting to drilling, setting, and well completion). In the same well or adjacent wells with similar geological conditions, both traditional and this green system are used for operation, with strict comparisons of "controlled variables" to quantify energy-saving effects. Not only is direct electricity consumption calculated, but the total carbon emissions of the entire operation process are also assessed. By using green electricity, the system can achieve near-zero carbon emissions during the operation process, resulting in significant carbon reduction benefits.

[0072] Example 11: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the equipment corrosion problem in corrosive oil well operations: Corrosive oil wells (rich in H2S, CO2, highly salinized brine, microorganisms, etc.) are the "cancer" of the oil and gas industry, posing a fatal threat to equipment integrity; including electrochemical corrosion, stress corrosion cracking (SCC), hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC), corrosion fatigue, crevice corrosion, and microbial corrosion (MIC); high temperature and high pressure environments can drastically accelerate the corrosion rate; well completion tools are typically designed for a lifespan of several years or even more than ten years, during which they cannot be replaced, requiring extremely high reliability.

[0073] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5.

[0074] The reducing joint 2 and the central tube 1 are made of materials that exceed conventional stainless steel, with scientific material selection based on the specific corrosive medium; super 13Cr martensitic stainless steel or 15Cr alloy is used; and nickel-based alloys are selected. Their pitting resistance equivalent (PREN) value far exceeds 40, effectively resisting the corrosion of chloride ions and sulfides.

[0075] The biomimetic leather cup 4 uses perfluoroether rubber (FFKM), which is the "king" of the elastomer field. It has unparalleled resistance to H2S, CO2, acids and hydrocarbon media at high temperatures, making it the first choice for dealing with extreme chemical corrosion. For medium-level corrosive environments, optimized HNBR can be used, and its durability can be further improved by adding nano-level antioxidants and flame-retardant fillers.

[0076] At locations where the medium flows, such as oil hole 8 and the inner wall of the central tube 1, an ultra-high-speed laser cladding (EHLA) technology is used to clad a layer of corrosion-resistant alloy coating, forming a metallurgical bond that combines the strength of the substrate with surface corrosion resistance. The cost is far lower than that of using nickel-based alloys as a whole. High-performance polymer coatings such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and modified epoxy phenolic resin are applied to provide excellent insulation and chemical inertness.

[0077] In non-critical locations of the packer assembly, block-shaped sacrificial anodes (such as aluminum alloy anodes) are installed. These provide electrochemical protection for the tool body, acting as a "last line of defense," and are particularly effective in preventing electrochemical corrosion in underwater or humid environments.

[0078] Integrated corrosion pads or resistance probes (ER probes) are used for offline or online monitoring of average corrosion rates; integrated linear polarization resistance (LPR) probes are used for real-time monitoring of instantaneous corrosion rates; a digital twin of the tool is established, and actual downhole temperature, pressure, and media composition data are input. Through corrosion prediction models, the corrosion status and remaining life of key components are calculated and warned in real time, realizing the transformation from "periodic overhaul" to "predictive maintenance".

[0079] Example 12: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to improve operational accuracy for high-precision control requirements: In the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs (such as thin interbedded layers and fractured-vuggy reservoirs), extremely high precision is required for packer setting position, setting status, and production control. Traditional operating methods lack precision, resulting in incomplete setting or positional deviations, leading to inter-layer flow and severely affecting the effectiveness of stratified fracturing or stratified production; they cannot accurately isolate non-target layers, causing resource waste or excessive water / gas production; and they rely on repeated adjustments based on manual experience, resulting in long operation times and unstable success rates.

[0080] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The opening of the bionic cup 4 faces upward, and the edge of the bionic cup 4 is provided with a beveled structure. Multiple sets of guide grooves 401 are opened on the lower surface of the bionic cup 4. During the lowering process, the bionic cup 4 with the opening facing upward contracts. With the cooperation of the guide grooves 401, the liquid can pass through with reduced descent resistance. During the lifting process, the bionic cup 4 opens, and the beveled structure is close to the inner wall of the sleeve, cutting off the guide grooves 401. Under the hydraulic action above the bionic cup 4, the bionic cup 4 simulates the principle of a large bowl holding water and automatically deforms to fill the micro gaps when it contacts the sleeve.

[0081] An integrated fiber optic grating (FBG) sensor network is incorporated inside the biomimetic cup 4 and on the outer wall of the tool string to monitor the contact stress distribution cloud map during the setting process in real time with millimeter-level spatial resolution, accurately determining whether a 360° uniform seal has been formed. High-precision quartz pressure sensors (accuracy ±0.025%FS) and platinum resistance temperature sensors (PT1000, accuracy ±0.1℃) provide extremely accurate environmental parameters. An integrated high-precision inertial measurement unit (IMU), combined with gamma-ray or electromagnetic ranging sensors, achieves centimeter-level downhole depth positioning and tool attitude (inclination, azimuth) measurement, ensuring absolutely accurate setting position. A high-speed data acquisition chip is used, with a sampling frequency reaching kHz levels. Multi-sensor data fusion (MSDF) is performed downhole to eliminate single-point errors and generate highly reliable status information.

[0082] The software platform not only displays data but also performs AI image recognition based on stress cloud maps to automatically diagnose the setting status (e.g., "excellent," "good," "poor contact on the left side") and provide operational suggestions. It also develops control algorithms based on fuzzy logic or neural networks. These algorithms dynamically calculate and instruct the surface pumping system to adjust pump pressure and flow rate based on real-time feedback stress distribution data, achieving an adaptive optimization process of "setting, sensing, and adjusting simultaneously" until the preset optimal stress distribution state is reached. The tool's digital twin model runs in real-time in the cloud, receiving downhole data and quickly simulating and predicting results under different control parameters, then sending the optimal parameters to the surface system for proactive control.

[0083] By employing composite material layup design, the sealing cup exhibits differentiated moduli in different directions, thereby achieving controllable and directional deformation expansion and avoiding irregular expansion. The sealing cup is designed with two or three stages of setting stroke. The first stage involves low pressure adhesion to the wellbore, the second stage involves medium pressure to achieve basic sealing, and the third stage involves high pressure (activated only when needed) to achieve ultra-high pressure sealing. This significantly improves the precision of control and the controllability of the process.

[0084] A test bench was built, connecting the physical servo drive system, sensors, and a virtual wellbore model. Various wellbore conditions (ellipticity, dogleg degree) and friction were simulated in the laboratory, subjecting the entire closed-loop control system to tens of thousands of tests and algorithm iterations to ensure its reliability and robustness. During field tests, the system automatically recorded all operational data and results. This massive amount of data was used to train the control algorithm through deep learning, enabling it to continuously evolve and become increasingly "intelligent," better able to handle complex operating conditions never before encountered.

[0085] Order-of-magnitude improvement in operational precision: Setting position accuracy has improved from "meter-level" to "centimeter-level," and setting status control has improved from "qualitative" to "quantitative and visual," with overall control precision improving by more than 20%; Significantly improved recovery rate and operational success rate: Ensuring that each packer achieves a perfect seal in the precise location greatly improves the effectiveness of stratified fracturing and stratified exploitation, and is expected to increase the recovery rate by 5-15%. The first-time success rate of operations has increased to over 99%; Extreme optimization of energy and material consumption: Adaptive control algorithms apply only the necessary pressure, avoiding energy waste and tool wear caused by "over-setting," achieving "optimal performance with minimal energy consumption"; Driving operational mode transformation: Transforming packer operations from "craftsmanship" to "repeatable and predictable scientific processes," reducing reliance on operator experience and achieving standardization and automation; Empowering digital oilfields: The generated high-precision, high-value downhole data is the core asset for building digital twin oilfields, providing an unprecedented data foundation for the optimization of the entire life cycle of the oilfield.

[0086] Example 13: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address the need for multi-functional integration and achieve multiple uses with a single device: Modern oil and gas field development pursues cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and intelligentization. Traditional single-function tools result in cumbersome work processes, low equipment utilization, and high costs. The main challenges are: Lengthy tool strings: Implementing multiple functions requires combining multiple tools, resulting in complex pipe strings, increased friction, and more potential failure points.

[0087] Low operational efficiency: Frequent drilling and tool changes result in a high proportion of non-productive time (NPT).

[0088] Data silos: Data from different tools is difficult to integrate and unify, making it impossible to create synergy.

[0089] Insufficient adaptability: Fixed-function tools cannot cope with the complex needs of dynamic changes downhole.

[0090] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5.

[0091] The packer is designed as a multifunctional intelligent platform, rather than a single tool. Its core tube 1 serves as the "backbone," reserving standardized mechanical, electrical, and data interfaces (such as industry-standard metal-faced sealed electrical connectors); integrating a distributed fiber optic sensing (DTS / DAS) unit and a micro-seismic detector array to achieve continuous profile monitoring of temperature, vibration, and acoustic waves; integrating a wirelessly controlled adjustable throttle valve (ICV) to achieve precise production control and intelligent water discovery for each production layer; integrating a micro-pump valve system and a storage tank to enable real-time injection of corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, or production-enhancing agents downhole; and including downhole safety valves, power generation modules (turbine generators), data relay modules, etc. Users can selectively install the required modules on the platform, much like "assembling a computer," according to geological design and development needs.

[0092] The cup-shaped valve employs a multi-layered composite structure. The base layer provides high-strength support; the middle layer is a sensing layer with an embedded fiber optic sensor network; the surface layer is an elastomer with special functionalities (such as chemical corrosion resistance and low friction coefficient); it can switch between the following operating modes: Setting mode: high-pressure expansion to achieve a seal; Production mode: can slightly retract to reduce flow resistance, or allow the production fluid to pass through through a special channel; Logging mode: maintains minimal contact, allowing the production profile logging instrument to pass smoothly.

[0093] A data bus based on the downhole IoT protocol was developed to collect, package, and upload data from all modules in a unified manner. The ICS software platform incorporates a rule engine and AI algorithms. For example, when the monitoring module detects a water outflow signal from a certain layer, it can automatically send a command to the flow control module to reduce the opening of the throttle valve for that layer, achieving automatic water control without human intervention. A visual interface is provided, integrating packer status, data from each module, and control options onto a single screen, allowing engineers to perform "one-click" collaborative operations or view the overall health status of the system.

[0094] Before deployment, all planned functional modules are loaded into the digital twin model for virtual debugging. The collaborative work and mutual influence of each module under different work sequences (such as setting-acid injection-production-monitoring) are simulated to identify and resolve potential conflicts in advance. The twin model is used to predict the impact of enabling different combinations of functions at different development stages on tool life and system performance, thereby formulating optimal operation and maintenance strategies.

[0095] Example 14: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to reduce the weight of the equipment in order to meet the requirements of lightweight design: With the development of unconventional oil and gas and deep-sea exploration and development, downhole tool strings are becoming longer and more complex, leading to a sharp increase in weight and bringing a series of challenges. Heavy tools require more powerful drive equipment, resulting in slower tripping and running-in speeds and longer operation cycles. Heavy equipment increases the requirements for transportation, installation, and drilling platform loads (such as crane and derrick loads), significantly increasing operating costs. Excessive tool string weight may exceed the tensile strength limit of drill pipe or cables, posing a risk of breakage. It also increases the difficulty of handling complex downhole conditions. In remote areas, offshore platforms, or re-entry operations of old wells, equipment weight and size are key limiting factors.

[0096] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5. The upper end of the central tube 1 is fixedly connected to the upper connector 6, and the upper end of the upper connector 6 is fixedly installed with a hanging ear 601. An external hanging drive system can be connected by setting the hanging ear 601.

[0097] Main structural materials: Titanium alloy (TC4, etc.): Continues to be the core choice, its specific strength (strength / density) is much higher than that of high-strength steel, making it an ideal material for the central tube 1 and the reducing joint 2; High-strength aluminum alloy: Used to manufacture non-core pressure-bearing components and external assemblies, further reducing weight. Surface hardening treatment (such as micro-arc oxidation) is required to improve wear and corrosion resistance; Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials are used to manufacture non-pressure-bearing or low-pressure-bearing components such as protective covers and centralizers. CFRP has a density only 1 / 4 that of steel and 1 / 2 that of titanium, but its specific modulus and specific strength are extremely high, achieving maximum weight reduction.

[0098] The lightweight biomimetic cup is made of high-performance engineering plastics and elastomers. It uses polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or polyimide (PI) as the skeleton structure, covered with a hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) sealing layer. This "rigid-flexible" biomimetic structure significantly reduces the use of heavy metal skeletons while ensuring sealing performance.

[0099] Using finite element analysis (FEA) and topology optimization algorithms, each component is intelligently designed to "place materials where they are needed." All materials in areas that do not bear loads or have low stress are removed to achieve a biomimetic, skeletal-like lightweight structure. A three-dimensional lattice structure is introduced into non-critical internal areas. This structure, composed of repeating tiny crystal lattices, is extremely lightweight and effectively transfers loads, representing the highest level of biomimetic application in lightweighting. Functions that originally required multiple parts to assemble (such as flow channels, sensor slots, and connecting threads) are formed in one piece using 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technology, completely eliminating connectors, seals, and additional weight.

[0100] The cable or wire rope with high-strength composite material winding core is used to replace the traditional steel cable; the drive system itself adopts a high-strength aluminum alloy frame and permanent magnet synchronous servo motor, which improves power density while reducing its own weight; the lightweight tool string itself means a significant reduction in downhole friction resistance, which allows the use of smaller tonnage work vehicles or drilling rigs, forming a virtuous cycle of weight reduction for the entire system from downhole to the surface.

[0101] Before manufacturing, digital twin technology is used to conduct comprehensive static, dynamic, fatigue life and vibration modal analysis of the lightweight design to ensure that weight reduction does not sacrifice performance and reliability; high-cycle tensile-compression-torsion composite load fatigue test is carried out on a hydraulic servo test bench to verify whether its life meets the requirements; the performance stability of composite materials and non-metallic components is tested in a simulated well environment; and functional and reliability tests are carried out in parallel with traditional tools to quantify the performance changes brought about by lightweighting.

[0102] Example 15: Optionally, the utility model provides another embodiment to address wear resistance requirements and improve equipment lifespan: In fields such as oil extraction, mining machinery, and heavy industry, critical equipment components (such as the metal spacer 5 and bionic cup 4 in this solution) are subjected to harsh conditions of high wear and corrosion for extended periods. Frequent wear-induced failures are the main causes of equipment downtime, high maintenance costs, and low production efficiency. This project aims to significantly improve the wear resistance of critical moving parts through a systematic and comprehensive improvement scheme, ultimately achieving the core objectives of reducing total operating costs and improving overall equipment efficiency (OEE).

[0103] Please see Figure 1In this embodiment, the connection between the reducing connector 2 and the central tube 1 is provided with mutually screwed threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve 3 is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector 2. Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers 5 are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve 3. The bionic cup 4 is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers 5.

[0104] Material selection for the metal spacer 5: Tungsten carbide (WC) cemented carbide or ceramic-metal composite materials are used. These materials have extremely high hardness and wear resistance, making them suitable for extreme wear environments.

[0105] The biomimetic leather cup uses four materials: abandoning traditional rubber, it adopts polyurethane (PU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or nylon (PA) as the matrix, and fills it with carbon fiber, graphite, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) or nano-ceramic particles.

[0106] A 3D model of the sealing cup was established, and finite element analysis software was used to simulate its stress distribution, contact pressure, and deformation under working conditions. High stress concentration and abnormal wear areas were identified as key optimization targets. The interference fit and tilt angle of the sealing lip were optimized to ensure sufficient sealing force while reducing unnecessary frictional resistance. A reasonable back support and reinforcing rib structure was designed to ensure uniform deformation of the sealing cup under high pressure, avoiding local wrinkles or extrusion, thereby reducing wear. The "flexible hinge" design concept was introduced to decompose the overall large deformation into multiple controllable local flexible deformations, reducing the wear rate of individual parts.

[0107] For the metal spacer ring 5, high-velocity oxygen fuel cell (HVOF) or explosive spraying techniques are used to apply tungsten carbide-cobalt, chromium, or ceramic coatings. These coatings are dense, have high bonding strength, and exhibit excellent wear resistance. For high-precision components, physical / chemical vapor deposition techniques can be used to deposit diamond-like carbon films, titanium nitride, or chromium nitride films. These coatings have extremely high hardness, extremely low coefficients of friction, and do not affect the part's dimensions. For the metal substrate, laser cladding, plasma nitriding, and other techniques are used to modify the chemical composition and properties of the surface material, obtaining a reinforced layer with excellent wear resistance.

[0108] Implementation results: Significantly improves equipment reliability and lifespan: Wear resistance is improved by more than 50%, directly translating to doubling the equipment overhaul cycle, reducing spare parts replacement frequency, and lowering inventory costs; significantly reduces overall operating costs. Reduce downtime losses: Unplanned downtime is reduced by 40%, ensuring production continuity and increasing output value.

[0109] Reduced maintenance costs: Saves significant costs on labor, parts replacement, and troubleshooting.

[0110] Improved energy efficiency: The low coefficient of friction design reduces the operating resistance of the equipment, thereby reducing drive energy consumption.

[0111] Enhanced production safety and environmental adaptability: More reliable seals and longer lifespan reduce the risk of media leakage due to component failure, improving production safety and environmental friendliness, and making the equipment more adaptable to harsh working conditions (such as deep well and ultra-deep well mining).

[0112] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional oil-scooping pump, comprising a central tube (1), characterized in that: It also includes a reducing connector (2), a mounting sleeve (3), a bionic cup (4), a metal spacer (5), and an oil hole (8). The connection between the reducing connector (2) and the central tube (1) is provided with interlocking threads to achieve detachable assembly. The mounting sleeve (3) is slidably connected to the periphery of the reducing connector (2). Multiple sets of linearly arranged metal spacers (5) are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting sleeve (3). The bionic cup (4) is fixedly connected between two sets of adjacent metal spacers (5). Oil holes (8) are provided on the side walls of both the central tube (1) and the reducing connector (2).

2. The multi-functional oil-scooping extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the bionic leather bowl (4) faces upward, and the edge of the bionic leather bowl (4) is provided with a sloping structure.

3. The multi-functional oil-scooping pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the bionic leather cup (4) has multiple sets of guide grooves (401).

4. The multi-functional oil-scooping pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil holes (8) on the sidewalls of the central tube (1) and the reducing joint (2) are in four groups and are evenly distributed around their axis.

5. The multi-functional oil-scooping extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper limit plate (101) is fixedly installed on the periphery of the central tube (1), and a lower limit plate (201) is fixedly installed on the periphery of the reducing joint (2).

6. The multi-functional oil-scooping extractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the lower limit plate (201) is set on the sealing ring (203), and the lower end of the mounting sleeve (3) is provided with a groove (301) corresponding to the sealing ring (203).

7. The multi-functional oil-scooping pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the central tube (1) is fixedly connected to the upper connector (6), and the upper end of the upper connector (6) is fixedly installed with a hanging ear (601).

8. The multi-functional oil-scooping pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: Four sets of springs (602) are fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the upper connector (6), and the four sets of springs (602) are evenly arranged in a circle around the axis of the central tube (1).

9. The multi-functional oil-scooping pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each set of springs (602) has a set of mounting brackets (603) fixedly installed at one end, and the interior of the mounting brackets (603) is rotatably connected to the rollers (604).

10. The multi-functional oil-scooping extractor according to claim 9, characterized in that: Four sets of guide telescopic rods (605) are fixedly installed on the periphery of the mounting bracket (603). The four sets of guide telescopic rods (605) are located inside the four sets of springs (602), and the telescopic ends of the guide telescopic rods (605) are fixedly connected to one side of the mounting bracket (603).

11. The multi-functional oil-scooping extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting post (202) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the reducing joint (2). A connecting sleeve (701) is sleeved around the connecting post (202). A counterweight head (7) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the connecting sleeve (701). A pin (702) is provided inside the connecting sleeve (701). The pin (702) passes through the connecting post (202) and the connecting sleeve (701).

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