A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of a tunnel blast hole

Abstract

This invention provides a measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of blasting holes in tunnels. It includes an internal extension rod, a limiting device fixedly installed on the outer wall of the internal extension rod, a first limiting plate fixedly connected to the upper end of the internal extension rod, a conversion support fixedly connected above the first limiting plate, an external extension rod fixedly above the conversion support, and a second limiting plate at the upper end of the external extension rod. Reflective sheets are adhered to the centers of both the first and second limiting plates. After inserting the internal extension rod into the blasting hole to be measured, the limiting device positions the internal extension rod, and the coordinates of the two reflective sheets are measured. By combining the offset data obtained from the measurement of the two reflective sheets with the distance between the two reflective sheets, the deflection direction and angle of the blasting hole can be calculated. This provides accurate data support for adjusting blasting hole parameters in New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) tunnel construction, thereby better controlling over- and under-excavation during tunnel excavation and reducing their occurrence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel blasting hole drilling angle measurement technology, specifically a measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) tunnel construction uses handheld rock drills. However, the inherent structure of ordinary pneumatic drills, limited by complex construction environments and varying operator experience, makes it difficult to precisely control the drilling angle of blasting holes. This results in significant deviations in the external drilling angle, affecting blasting effectiveness, easily leading to over-excavation and under-excavation, increasing construction costs, and threatening tunnel stability. During drilling, traditional methods rely on visual adjustments, and even after hole completion, inspection typically only measures the depth of the blasting hole, not the precise drilling angle. The drilling angle also significantly impacts post-blasting over-excavation and under-excavation. Therefore, a device capable of accurately measuring the drilling angle is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, this utility model provides a measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of a tunnel blasting hole, including an inner extension rod. A limiting device is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner extension rod. A first limiting plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner extension rod. A conversion support is fixedly connected above the first limiting plate. An outer extension rod is fixed above the conversion support. A second limiting plate is provided at the upper end of the outer extension rod. A reflective sheet is glued to the center of both the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate.

[0004] Furthermore, the limiting device includes a first positioning sleeve and a second positioning sleeve fixed above and below the outer wall of the extension rod inside the hole. The first positioning sleeve and the second positioning sleeve are both triangular rings of the same size and shape. Each of the three corners of the triangular ring is provided with a U-shaped groove. The U-shaped groove is provided with a positioning pin. The outer surface of the positioning pin is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate. The other end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a guide wheel. A pin is fixed in the middle of the connecting plate. The two sides of the pin in the middle of the connecting plate on the first positioning sleeve are rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod and the driven rod, respectively. The other end of the driven rod is rotatably connected to the pin in the middle of the connecting plate on the second positioning sleeve. The other end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to a support located on the side wall of the driven nut through a pin. The driven nut is threaded with a rotating threaded sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer surface above the extension rod inside the hole.

[0005] Furthermore, a positioning screw is provided on one side of the first positioning sleeve and the second positioning sleeve.

[0006] Furthermore, one end of the connecting plate is provided with a round hole A for rotatably connecting with the positioning pin, and the other end of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission rod has through holes A at both ends, which are respectively rotatably connected to the pin shaft and the pin rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the driven rod has through holes B at both ends that are rotatably connected to the pin.

[0009] Furthermore, a limiting sleeve that engages with the extension rod inside the hole is fixed at the upper center of the first positioning sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating threaded sleeve includes a threaded sleeve and a rotating ring fixed to the upper end of the threaded sleeve, the side of which is provided with vertical anti-slip teeth.

[0011] Furthermore, the conversion support includes support legs, the lower ends of multiple support legs are equidistantly fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the first limiting plate, and their upper ends are fixedly connected to a fixing threaded sleeve, which is threadedly fixed to the lower end of the extension rod outside the hole.

[0012] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: After inserting the in-hole extension rod of this device into the blasting hole to be measured, the positioning device positions the in-hole extension rod so that the central axes of the in-hole extension rod, the external extension rod, and the centers of the two reflectors are all on the same axis. The coordinates of the two reflectors are measured. By combining the offset data obtained from the measurement of the two reflectors with the distance between the two reflectors, the deflection direction and angle of the blasting hole can be calculated. The use of this device can accurately measure the drilling angle of the blasting hole at the tunnel face, providing accurate data support for adjusting the blasting hole parameters during the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) tunnel construction process. This allows for better control of over-excavation and under-excavation during tunnel excavation, reducing the occurrence of over-excavation and under-excavation, ensuring process quality, and generating economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first or second positioning sleeve of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first positioning sleeve and the limiting sleeve of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate and guide wheel of this utility model; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the driven rod of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the driven nut and support of this utility model; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating threaded sleeve of this utility model; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the in-hole extension rod, the first limiting plate, and the conversion support of this utility model; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the external extension rod and the second limiting plate of this utility model; In the diagram: 1. In-hole extension rod; 2. Limiting device; 21. First positioning sleeve; 22. Second positioning sleeve; 23. U-shaped groove; 231. Positioning pin; 232. Connecting plate; 233. Guide wheel; 234. Pin shaft; 235. Round hole A; 236. Threaded hole; 24. Transmission rod; 241. Through hole A; 25. Driven rod; 251. Through hole B; 26. Driven nut; 27. Support; 271. Pin; 28. Rotating threaded sleeve; 281. Threaded sleeve; 282. Rotary ring; 283. Anti-slip teeth; 29. ​​Limiting sleeve; 3. First limiting plate; 4. Conversion support; 41. Support leg; 42. Fixing threaded sleeve; 5. Out-of-hole extension rod; 6. Second limiting plate; 7. Reflector; 8. Positioning screw; 9. Positioning screw. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0015] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0016] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0017] Example 1, as Figure 1-13 As shown, a measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of a tunnel blasting hole includes an inner extension rod 1, a limiting device 2 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner extension rod 1, a first limiting plate 3 fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner extension rod 1, a conversion support 4 fixedly connected above the first limiting plate 3, an outer extension rod 5 fixedly fixed above the conversion support 4, a second limiting plate 6 provided at the upper end of the outer extension rod 5, and a reflective sheet 7 glued to the center of both the first limiting plate 3 and the second limiting plate 6.

[0018] In this embodiment, the limiting device 2 includes a first positioning sleeve 21 and a second positioning sleeve 22 fixed above and below the outer wall of the extension rod 1 inside the hole. The first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22 are both equilateral triangular rings of the same size and shape. The setting of the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22 only indicates the description of their position. Each of the three corners of the triangular ring is provided with a U-shaped groove 23. The U-shaped slot 23 is provided with a positioning pin 231 inside. The outer surface of the positioning pin 231 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate 232. The other end of the connecting plate 232 is fixedly connected to a guide wheel 233. A pin 234 is fixed in the middle of the connecting plate 232. The two sides of the pin 234 in the middle of the connecting plate 232 on the first positioning sleeve 21 are rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod 24 and the driven rod 25, respectively. The other end of the driven rod 25 is rotatably connected to the pin 234 in the middle of the connecting plate 232 on the second positioning sleeve 22. The other end of the transmission rod 24 is rotatably connected to the support 27 on the side wall of the driven nut 26 through a pin 271. A rotating threaded sleeve 28 is threaded inside the driven nut 26, and the rotating threaded sleeve 28 is fitted above the outer surface of the extension rod 1 inside the hole.

[0019] In this embodiment, a positioning screw 9 is provided on one side of the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22. After the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22 are respectively fitted into the extension rod 1 in the hole, and the positions of the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22 are determined, the positioning screw 9 is tightened to fix the positions of the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22 fitted on the extension rod 1 in the hole, so that they will not be displaced when subjected to force.

[0020] In this embodiment, one end of the connecting plate 232 is provided with a round hole A235 for rotatably connecting with the positioning pin 231, and the other end of the connecting plate 232 is provided with a threaded hole 236. The guide wheel 233 can be fixed to the upper end of the connecting plate 232 by passing a screw through the center hole of the guide wheel 233 and then screwing the screw head into the threaded hole 236. At the same time, the guide wheel 233 can rotate freely around the screw rod.

[0021] In this embodiment, the transmission rod 24 has through holes B241 at both ends that are rotatably connected to the pin 234 and the pin 271, respectively, and the driven rod 25 has through holes B251 at both ends that are rotatably connected to the pin 234. A limiting sleeve 29 is fixed at the upper center of the first positioning sleeve 21 and is sleeved with the extension rod 1 inside the hole. The function of the limiting sleeve 29 is to limit the position of the rotating threaded sleeve 28 and ensure that it will not move downward when the rotating threaded sleeve 28 is rotated.

[0022] In this embodiment, the rotating threaded sleeve 28 includes a threaded sleeve 281 and a rotating ring 282 fixed to the upper end of the threaded sleeve 281. The side of the rotating ring 282 is provided with vertical anti-slip teeth 283. The diameter of the rotating ring 282 should be larger than the diameter of the first limiting plate 3. Since the rotating ring 282 is fixed against the lower surface of the first limiting plate 3, when the extension rod 1 inserted into the hole to be tested is positioned by the limiting device 4, the rotating ring 282 needs to be rotated. This design facilitates the rotation of the rotating ring 282, and the vertical anti-slip teeth 283 have an anti-slip effect when rotating the rotating ring 282, making it more labor-saving.

[0023] In this embodiment, the upper surface of the first limiting plate 3 is provided with a positioning screw 8. Its function is to insert the extension rod 1 into the test blast hole, rotate the threaded sleeve 28 counterclockwise, so that the rotating ring 282 drives the driven nut 26 to move down. The downward movement of the driven nut 26 causes the transmission rod 24 to push the connecting plate 232 and the moving rod 25 on the first positioning sleeve 21 to move. The moving rod 25 pushes the connecting plate 232 on the second positioning sleeve 22 to move. Finally, after the blast hole is fixed by the three guide wheels 233 on the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22, rotate the positioning screw 8 so that its screw head presses the rotating ring 282 to limit it and prevent it from rotating. At this time, the central axis of the extension rod 1 and the extension rod 5 coincides with the central axis of the test blast hole.

[0024] In this embodiment, the conversion support 4 includes support legs 41. The lower ends of the three support legs 41 are equidistantly fixed to the outer edge of the upper surface of the first limiting plate 3, and their upper ends are fixedly connected to the fixing thread sleeve 42. The fixing thread sleeve 42 is threadedly fixed to the screw head at the lower end of the extension rod 5. The three support legs 41 ensure stability. When measuring, the measuring instrument is aimed at the reflector 7 in the center of the first limiting plate 3, and the line of sight is not blocked by the support legs 41. The conversion support 4 can be integrally processed with the first limiting plate 3.

[0025] In the above embodiments, the inner extension rod 1 and the outer extension rod 5 can be made of aluminum alloy tubes, the first limiting plate 3 and the second limiting plate 6 are made of aluminum alloy plates, the connection between the inner extension rod 1 and the first limiting plate 3 is by welding, and the connection between the outer extension rod 5 and the second limiting plate 6 is also by welding. Moreover, the limiting device 4 is also made of aluminum alloy material. In order to facilitate the assembly of the limiting device 4 later, the driven nut 26, the support 27 and the pin 271 on one side of the support 27 are integrally formed. The connecting plate 232 and the pin 234 are also integrally formed. After the pin 234 and the pin 271 are assembled, their ends should be stamped into larger ends to prevent the components from falling off. It should also be understood that the integrally formed conversion support 4 and the first limiting plate 3, wherein the conversion support 4 is also made of aluminum alloy material. It should also be added that the central axis of the inner extension rod, the outer extension rod and the center of the two reflectors are all on the same axis.

[0026] The method of using this device is as follows: After the device is assembled, insert the extension rod 1 into the blast hole to be measured, and use a total station to aim at the reflector 7 on the first limiting plate 3 to check if the line of sight is blocked by the support leg 41. If it is blocked, adjust by rotating the first limiting plate 3 until the measuring device and the reflector 7 on the first limiting plate 3 are in a clear line of sight. Then, rotate the threaded sleeve 28 counterclockwise, causing the rotating ring 282 to drive the driven nut 26 to move down. The downward movement of the driven nut 26 causes the transmission rod 24 to push the connecting plate 232 and the moving rod 25 on the first positioning sleeve 21 to move. The moving rod 25 then pushes the connecting plate 232 on the second positioning sleeve 22. After the device is moved to secure the blast hole to the three guide wheels 233 on the first positioning sleeve 21 and the second positioning sleeve 22, the positioning screw 8 is rotated so that its screw head presses against the rotating ring 282 to prevent it from rotating. At this time, the central axis of the inner extension rod 1 and the outer extension rod 5 coincides with the central axis of the blast hole to be measured. At this time, the center of the two reflectors is also on the central axis of the blast hole to be measured. At this time, the coordinates of the two reflectors on the device can be measured. By measuring the offset data of the two reflectors and combining it with the distance between the two reflectors, the deflection direction and angle of the blast hole can be calculated.

[0027] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in this utility model are illustrative rather than limiting. Therefore, this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the embodiments described in the specific implementation. Any other implementation methods derived by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of this utility model are also within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring the borehole angle of blasting holes in tunnels, characterized in that, The device includes an inner hole extension rod (1), a limiting device (2) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the inner hole extension rod (1), a first limiting plate (3) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner hole extension rod (1), a conversion support (4) is fixedly connected above the first limiting plate (3), an outer hole extension rod (5) is fixed above the conversion support (4), a second limiting plate (6) is provided at the upper end of the outer hole extension rod (5), and a reflective sheet (7) is glued to the center of both the first limiting plate (3) and the second limiting plate (6).

2. The measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting device (2) includes a first positioning sleeve (21) and a second positioning sleeve (22) fixed above and below the outer wall of the extension rod (1) inside the hole. The first positioning sleeve (21) and the second positioning sleeve (22) are both triangular rings of the same size and shape. Each of the three corners of the triangular ring is provided with a U-shaped groove (23). The U-shaped groove (23) is provided with a positioning pin (231). The outer surface of the positioning pin (231) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting plate (232). The other end of the connecting plate (232) is fixedly connected to a guide wheel (233). A pin is fixed in the middle of the connecting plate (232). 234), located on both sides of the middle pin (234) of the connecting plate (232) on the first positioning sleeve (21), is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod (24) and the driven rod (25); the other end of the driven rod (25) is rotatably connected to the middle pin (234) of the connecting plate (232) on the second positioning sleeve (22), and the other end of the transmission rod (24) is rotatably connected to the support (27) on the side wall of the driven nut (26) through the pin (271). The driven nut (26) is threaded with a rotating threaded sleeve (28), and the rotating threaded sleeve (28) is fitted on the outer surface above the extension rod (1) in the hole.

3. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning screw (9) is provided on one side of the first positioning sleeve (21) and the second positioning sleeve (22).

4. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the connecting plate (232) is provided with a round hole A (235) for rotatably connecting with the positioning pin (231), and the other end of the connecting plate (232) is provided with a threaded hole (236).

5. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission rod (24) has through holes A (241) at both ends, which are rotatably connected to the pin (234) and the pin (271) respectively.

6. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driven rod (25) has through holes B (251) at both ends that are rotatably connected to the pin (234).

7. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper center of the first positioning sleeve (21) is fixed with a limiting sleeve (29) that is sleeved with the extension rod (1) inside the hole.

8. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating threaded sleeve (28) includes a threaded sleeve (281) and a swivel ring (282) fixed to the upper end of the threaded sleeve (281). The side of the swivel ring (282) is provided with vertical anti-slip teeth (283).

9. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of tunnel blasting holes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the first limiting plate (3) is provided with a positioning screw (8).

10. A measuring device for measuring the drilling angle of a tunnel blasting hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion support (4) includes support legs (41), the lower ends of multiple support legs (41) are fixed at equal intervals to the outer edge of the upper surface of the first limiting plate (3), and their upper ends are fixedly connected to the fixing thread sleeve (42). The fixing thread sleeve (42) is threadedly fixed to the lower end of the hole extension rod (5).

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