A shield machine cutter head structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521545018.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-23
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了克服现有技术的不足，本实用新型的目的之一在于提供一种盾构机刀盘结构，解决了现有技术无法在实现快速拆装或更换多个刮刀的同时，还能在保障刮刀固定强度需求的技术问题
本实用新型用以通过刀盘本体的滑槽实现对多个切刀件的安装功能和实现切刀件的初步径向约束功能，区别于现有单个刮刀单独固定的方式，大幅减少安装时间，并以此确保切刀件的位置和角度，方便后续再借助阻挡固定结构，实现对多个切刀件完整的径向约束和轴向限位功能，从而实现多个刮刀的快速固定功能，满足施工所需的固定强度的同时，保障了切刀件的替换操作便捷性。
Smart Images
Figure CN224755738U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a shield machine cutterhead structure. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, there are three main methods for fixing the scrapers on the cutterhead of tunnel boring machines: welding, bolt fastening, and pin fastening. Among them, the pin fastening method is rarely used due to insufficient fixing strength. Welded scrapers are fixed by directly welding to the cutterhead. Although the structure is simple and not easy to fall off, the replacement operation is cumbersome and complicated, which seriously affects the construction progress. Bolted scrapers are fixed by pre-welding multiple scraper seats on the cutterhead and using multiple bolts to fasten the scraper to the scraper seats by setting bolt holes in the scraper steel body. This has become the mainstream solution.
[0003] However, existing bolt-fastened scrapers require 3-6 bolts to secure a single scraper, and replacing multiple scrapers necessitates disassembling and assembling dozens of bolts, making the operation extremely cumbersome and resulting in low maintenance efficiency. It is difficult to balance the robustness of scraper fixation with the ease of installation and replacement, and cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high-strength fixation and the need for quick disassembly and replacement of multiple scrapers. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a shield machine cutterhead structure that solves the technical problem that the existing technology cannot achieve quick disassembly or replacement of multiple cutters while ensuring the fixed strength requirements of the cutters.
[0005] One of the objectives of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: The cutter head body is provided with a cutter beam frame, and the two sides of the cutter beam frame are provided with sliding grooves; A plurality of cutting blade components, wherein each cutting blade component includes a blade body, the blade body including a sliding part embedded in a slide groove and a constraint part disposed opposite to the sliding part; A blocking and fixing structure includes a baffle and a fixing assembly. The inner side of the baffle is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves. The inner wall of the limiting groove fits the outer contour of the constraint part, the baffle is fixedly disposed on both sides of the blade beam frame by the fixing assembly, and the limiting groove of the baffle is configured to abut against the outer side of the cutter to fix the cutter to the slide groove.
[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention is further described as follows: The baffle is provided with at least one set of bolt holes, and the two sides of the blade beam are respectively provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bolt holes. The fixing component includes fixing bolts that pass through the bolt holes and bolt holes.
[0007] As a further optimization of this utility model, the bottom surface of the slide groove is configured as a support slope that slopes upward from the inside out, the bottom end of the sliding joint is configured to fit against the support slope, and the upper side of the sliding joint is provided with a transition part. When the bottom end of the sliding joint fits against the support slope, the transition part is lower than the top surface of the slide groove.
[0008] As a further optimization of this utility model, the top surface of the slide groove is configured as a plane, and the upper side of the sliding joint is also provided with a planar mating part located behind the transition part, the planar mating part abutting and mating with the top surface of the slide groove.
[0009] As a further optimization of this utility model, at least one side of the cutter is configured as a wedge-shaped portion that gradually widens from the constraint portion to the sliding portion, and the outer side of the wedge-shaped portion is configured as a guide slope.
[0010] As a further optimization of this utility model, the blade beam holder is provided with a blade mounting groove extending from the top surface of the slide groove to the upper side of the blade beam holder, and the top of the wedge-shaped part is lower than the upper side of the blade beam holder.
[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, the guide slope of the wedge-shaped part is provided with a right-angle notch, and the inner side surface of the slide groove is provided with a limiting protrusion that corresponds to and abuts against the positioning notch of each of the cutting blades.
[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, the upper and lower ends of the baffle are respectively provided with an upper bend and a lower bend. The lower side of the upper bend is fitted with the upper side of the blade beam frame, and the upper side of the lower bend is fitted with the lower end of the cutter.
[0013] As a further optimization of this utility model, at least one set of the bolt holes is provided on the upper bent portion, and at least four sets of the bolt holes are provided on the outer side of the baffle member.
[0014] As a further optimization of this utility model, at least one set of baffle members is provided, and each set of baffle members abuts and cooperates with at least three sets of adjacent cutting members.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention utilizes the grooves in the cutter head body to install multiple cutting blades and provide initial radial constraint. Unlike existing methods that fix a single scraper individually, this significantly reduces installation time and ensures the position and angle of the cutting blades. This facilitates subsequent use of blocking and fixing structures to achieve complete radial constraint and axial limiting of multiple cutting blades, thereby enabling rapid fixing of multiple scrapers. While meeting the required fixing strength for construction, it also ensures convenient replacement of the cutting blades. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sub-beam frame structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cutting component of this utility model on the sub-beam frame; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting component structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fit between the cutter and the groove of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blocking and fixing structure of this utility model.
[0017] In the picture: 1-Cutter head body, 11-Cutter beam frame, 111-Main beam frame, 112-Secondary beam frame, 12-Slide groove, 121-Supporting inclined surface, 122-Top surface, 123-Limiting protrusion, 13-Cutter body mounting groove, 14-Two bolt holes; 2-Cuter component, 21-Cutter body, 22-Cutter head, 23-Sliding joint, 231-Transition section, 232-Plane mating section, 24-Constraint section. 25-Wedge-shaped part, 251-Guiding bevel, 252-Positioning notch, 3-Blocking and fixing structure, 31-Baffle piece, 311-Limiting part, 312-Limiting groove, 313-Upper bending part, 314-Lower bending part, 315-One bolt hole. 32 - Fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation
[0018] Below, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 The present invention will be further described in detail below, along with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.
[0019] A tunnel boring machine cutterhead structure includes a cutterhead body 1, a plurality of cutting blades 2, and a blocking and fixing structure 3. The cutterhead body 1 is provided with a sliding groove 12, which is used to install the plurality of cutting blades 2 and to achieve the initial radial constraint function of the cutting blades 2 through the sliding groove 12. Unlike the existing method of fixing a single blade separately, this significantly reduces the installation time and ensures the position and angle of the cutting blades 2. It is convenient to use the blocking and fixing structure 3 to achieve the complete radial constraint and axial limit function of the plurality of cutting blades 2, thereby realizing the rapid fixing function of the plurality of blades, meeting the fixing strength required for construction, and ensuring the convenience of replacing the cutting blades 2.
[0020] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The cutter head body 1 is provided with a cutter beam frame 11, which includes a main beam frame 111 and two secondary beam frames 112 arranged perpendicularly to the main beam frame 111. The ends of the two secondary beam frames 112 are fixed to the middle of the main beam frame 111 to form a cross-shaped cutter beam frame 11. Multiple rolling cutter structures are arranged in the middle of the cutter beam frame 11, and cutting blades 2 are arranged on both sides of the cutter beam frame 11. Specifically, both sides of the main beam frame 111 and the secondary beam frames 112 are respectively provided with a sliding groove 12. The sliding groove 12 can be made by, but is not limited to, welding or integral forming processes. In this embodiment, the sliding groove 12 is set as a long strip. The sliding groove 12 extends from the outer ends of the main beam frame 111 and the secondary beam frames 112 towards the middle of the cross-shaped cutter beam. The groove opening of the sliding groove 12 faces the direction of the cross-shaped cutter beam. The blade beam frame 11 is vertically arranged on its side. The bottom surface of the slide groove 12 is configured as a support slope 121 that slopes upward from the inside out. The top surface 122 of the slide groove 12 is configured as a plane. It is used to guide and embed some of the cutting blades 2 through the guide space formed by the support slope 121 and the top surface 122 of the slide groove 12. At the same time, the radial position adjustment function between multiple cutting blades 2 is realized by the sliding of the cutting blades 2, which improves the adaptability of the blade body 1 to different geological conditions. The slide groove 12 can also provide preliminary axial limitation by limiting the cutting blades 2 in both directions. The blade beam frame 11 is provided with a blade mounting groove 13 that extends from the top surface 122 of the slide groove 12 to the upper side of the blade beam frame 11, thereby providing space for the blade head 22 of the cutting blade 2 to extend.
[0021] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The cutting blade 2 is provided in several groups. Each cutting blade 2 includes a blade body 21, with a blade head 22 at its upper end. The blade body 21 also includes a sliding part 23 embedded in the slide groove 12 and a constraint part 24 opposite to the sliding part 23. The sliding part 23 can be configured on one side of the lower end of the blade body 21. The sliding part 23 located on the side of the blade body 21 is the inner side of the blade body 21. The constraint part 24 is located on the outer side of the blade body 21. The constraint part 24 can be configured as a straight abutting surface extending from the bottom end to the top end of the outer side of the blade body 21. The blade body 21 is generally L-shaped. When the sliding part 23 is embedded in the slide groove 12, the sliding part 23... The bottom end of the sliding part 23 is configured to fit against the support inclined surface 121. The upper side of the sliding part 23 is provided with a transition part 231. When the bottom end of the sliding part 23 fits against the support inclined surface 121, the transition part 231 is lower than the top surface 122 of the slide groove 12. This is used to achieve the anti-interference function when the cutter 2 is inserted into the slide groove 12, and improve the smoothness of the insertion process of the sliding part 23. The upper side of the sliding part 23 is also provided with a planar mating part 232 located behind the transition part 231. The planar mating part 232 abuts against the top surface 122 of the slide groove 12. This is used to achieve the axial clamping constraint function of the cutter 2, and ensure the fixing strength of the cutter 2 in the slide groove 12.
[0022] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6The blocking and fixing structure 3 includes a baffle 31 and a fixing assembly. The baffle 31 may be made of, but is not limited to, carbon alloy steel plate. The baffle 31 abuts against the cutter 2. At least one set of baffles 31 is provided, and each set of baffles 31 abuts against at least three sets of adjacent cutter 2. This modular design of the split baffle 31 enables the modular assembly function of the cutterhead of a large tunnel boring machine. Small tunnel boring machines use an integral baffle 31 for lightweight installation, while large tunnel boring machines use multiple baffles 31 combined to meet the feasibility of engineering installation. The side of the baffle 31 that is in contact with the cutter 2 is the inner side. The inner side of the baffle 31 is provided with a limiting part 311. The limiting part 311 can be configured as multiple protrusions. The limiting part 311 has several sets of limiting grooves 312. The inner sidewall of the limiting groove 312 is in contact with the outer side contour of the constraint part 24. The baffle 31 is fixedly installed on both sides of the cutter beam frame 11 by the fixing assembly. The limiting groove 312 of the baffle 31 is configured to abut against the outer side of the cutter 2 to fix the cutter 2 to the slide groove 12. The limiting groove 312 is used to position and constrain the cutting blade 2, forming a dual axial and radial limit on the cutting blade 2. At the same time, it ensures the consistency of each cutting blade 2 and realizes integrated synchronous fixation of the cutting blade 2. Furthermore, with the complementary structure of the limiting groove 312 and the constraint part 24, while restricting the radial movement and circumferential rotation of the cutting blade 2, the cutting reaction force is dispersed through surface contact, reducing local stress concentration and improving the overall load-bearing capacity and the fixing strength of the cutting blade 2.
[0023] Please refer to Figure 4 At least one side of the cutter 2 is configured as a wedge-shaped portion 25 that gradually widens from the constraint portion 24 to the sliding portion 23. The outer side of the wedge-shaped portion 25 is configured as a guide slope 251. The top of the wedge-shaped portion 25 is lower than the upper side of the cutter beam 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, one side of the blade body of the cutter 2 is a guide slope 251, and the other side is a straight surface. The corresponding two sides of the limiting groove 312 are respectively set as slopes and straight surfaces. This is to enhance the guidance of the cutter 2 when it docks with the limiting groove 312 through the guide slope 251 and the slope of the limiting groove 312, so as to realize the automatic centering function when the cutter 2 slides into the slide groove 12. At the same time, the fit between the straight surface and the straight surface of the limiting groove 312 forms a circumferential constraint, which further improves the installation accuracy and fixing strength of the cutter 2. The guide slope 251 of the wedge-shaped part 25 is provided with a right angle notch. The inner side of the slide groove 12 is provided with a limiting protrusion 123 that corresponds to and abuts against the positioning notch 252 of each cutter 2. The right-angle notch and the limiting protrusion 123 are used to achieve the positioning function of the cutter 2 in the slide groove 12. At the same time, this structure does not increase the outer peripheral size of the cutter 2, so as to avoid affecting the alignment and matching of the cutter 2 and the limiting groove 312.
[0024] Please continue to refer to the appendix. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The upper and lower ends of the baffle 31 are respectively provided with an upper bent portion 313 and a lower bent portion 314. The lower side of the upper bent portion 313 is fitted to the upper side of the blade beam frame 11. Meanwhile, the wedge-shaped portion 25 extends to the upper side of the blade beam frame 11 through the blade mounting groove 13 and abuts against the upper bent portion 313. The upper side of the lower bent portion 314 is fitted to the lower end of the cutting blade 2. The upper bend 313 fits against the upper side of the blade beam 11 and abuts against the wedge 25 to form a longitudinal limit and lateral constraint on the top of the cutter 2. At the same time, the lower bend 314 fits against the lower end of the cutter 2 to constrain the bottom of the cutter 2. The upper and lower bends 314 work together to build a rigid constraint system for the entire area of the cutter 2, which transmits the cutting reaction force to the blade beam 11 through the bends, disperses the local stress on the baffle 31, and improves the overall load-bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the blocking and fixing structure 3.
[0025] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The fixing component includes several sets of fixing bolts 32, and the baffle 31 is provided with at least one set of bolt holes 315, at least one set of bolt holes 315 is provided in the bent part, and at least four sets of bolt holes 315 are provided on the outer side of the baffle 31. Both sides of the blade beam frame 11 are provided with bolt holes 14 corresponding to bolt holes 315. The fixing component includes bolt holes 315 and bolt holes 14. Specifically, each end of the upper bend is provided with a bolt hole 315, and each of the four corners of the outer side of the baffle 31 is provided with a bolt hole 315. Through the corresponding engagement of bolt holes 315 and bolt holes 14, the fixing bolts 32 can achieve a rigid connection between the top of the baffle 31 and the blade beam frame 11 through the bolt holes of the upper bend 313, and can also form a balanced pressure on the middle of the baffle 31 through the bolt holes at the four corners of the outer side. The multi-point bolt distribution evenly transmits the fastening force of the baffle 31 to each contact area, ensuring a tight fit between the limiting groove 312 and the constraint part 24 of the cutter 2. At the same time, the bolt connection of the bend enhances the overall anti-overturning ability of the baffle 31, avoids bolt loosening due to cutting vibration, and improves the long-term reliability of the fixing component.
[0026] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A shield tunneling machine cutterhead structure, characterized in that, include The cutter head body is provided with a cutter beam frame, and the two sides of the cutter beam frame are provided with sliding grooves; A plurality of cutting blades, wherein each cutting blade includes a blade body, the blade body including a sliding part embedded in a slide groove and a constraint part disposed opposite to the sliding part; A blocking and fixing structure includes a baffle and a fixing assembly. The inner side of the baffle is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves. The inner wall of the limiting groove fits the outer contour of the constraint part, the baffle is fixedly disposed on both sides of the blade beam frame by the fixing assembly, and the limiting groove of the baffle is configured to abut against the outer side of the cutter to fix the cutter to the slide groove.
2. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle is provided with at least one set of bolt holes, and the two sides of the blade beam are respectively provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bolt holes. The fixing component includes fixing bolts that pass through the bolt holes and bolt holes.
3. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the slide groove is configured as a support slope that slopes upward from the inside out. The bottom end of the sliding joint is configured to fit against the support slope. The upper side of the sliding joint is provided with a transition part. When the bottom end of the sliding joint fits against the support slope, the transition part is lower than the top surface of the slide groove.
4. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top surface of the slide groove is configured as a plane, and the upper side of the sliding joint is also provided with a planar mating part located behind the transition part, the planar mating part abutting and mating with the top surface of the slide groove.
5. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one side of the cutter is configured as a wedge-shaped portion that gradually widens from the constraint portion to the sliding portion, and the outer side of the wedge-shaped portion is configured as a guide slope.
6. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The blade holder is provided with a blade mounting groove extending from the top surface of the slide to the upper side of the blade holder, and the top of the wedge-shaped part is lower than the upper side of the blade holder.
7. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped portion has a right-angle notch on its guide slope, and the inner side of the slide groove has a series of limiting protrusions that correspond one-to-one with the positioning notch of each cutter piece.
8. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the baffle are respectively provided with an upper bend and a lower bend. The lower side of the upper bend is fitted with the upper side of the blade beam frame, and the upper side of the lower bend is fitted with the lower end of the cutter.
9. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, At least one set of the bolt holes is provided in the upper bend, and at least four sets of the bolt holes are provided on the outer side of the baffle.
10. The shield machine cutterhead structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle is provided in at least one set, and each set of the baffle is in contact with at least three sets of adjacent cutter members.