A launch sleeve for bypass tunneling

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for by-pass tunneling's originating sleeve, it relates to the technical field of tunnel construction.The originating sleeve of the utility model includes: first sleeve, first sleeve is used to be connected with segment;Second sleeve, second sleeve is set apart with first sleeve, and it is used to be connected with first sleeve.The originating sleeve of the utility model is suitable for being applied in non-horizontal by-pass tunneling construction, and it is more lower in welding difficulty, more convenient for construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically, to a starting sleeve for side tunnel excavation. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of urban construction, major cities in China have successively begun to develop subways and urban underground spaces, as well as to renovate urban water supply and drainage systems. Among these, the shield tunneling method is a widely used construction method for underground tunnels.

[0003] Currently, the lining used in existing technologies related to shield tunneling is mainly segmented tunneling. Multiple segments are assembled radially to form annular assembly groups, and multiple assembly groups are arranged axially to form the tunnel lining structure.

[0004] Whether it's railway tunnels, highway tunnels, underwater tunnels, water conservancy tunnels, mining tunnels, or tunnels needed for urban infrastructure construction such as water supply, power supply, rail transit, utility tunnels, and sewage treatment, in actual construction, there are often scenarios where it is necessary to open side passages above the main tunnel (such as connecting passages and branch tunnels in rail transit tunnels).

[0005] In the existing technology, in order to open up a side passage in the main tunnel, it is necessary to connect and fix the starting sleeve to the segment (which can be called "special segment") at the location of the side passage, and drive the main machine to excavate along the starting sleeve.

[0006] Due to the complex and varied tunnel construction environment, the excavation direction of the side passage is not always horizontal. For example, in some scenarios, it may be necessary to excavate the side passage vertically upwards, vertically downwards, or along an inclined, non-horizontal direction.

[0007] Starting sleeves typically require welding connections to special tunnel segments. Welding starting sleeves is relatively easy when excavating bypass tunnels in a horizontal direction. However, when excavating in non-horizontal directions (e.g., vertically upward, inclined upward, vertically downward, inclined downward), the welding of starting sleeves becomes more difficult due to the constraints of gravity and limited working space within the tunnel.

[0008] Specifically, due to the significant weight of the launching sleeve itself, even with fasteners such as studs pre-connecting the launching sleeve to the special segments, it is difficult to achieve complete alignment between the launching sleeve and the special segments during non-horizontal tunneling. Furthermore, sleeve misalignment is prone to occur during the welding process. In particular, the welding difficulty increases further when the launching sleeve needs to achieve angled launching.

[0009] Therefore, reducing the welding difficulty of the starting sleeve in non-horizontal bypass tunneling is a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0010] The technical problem solved by this utility model is: how to reduce the welding difficulty of the starting sleeve in non-horizontal bypass tunneling construction.

[0011] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides a starting sleeve for bypass tunnel excavation. The starting sleeve includes: a first sleeve for connecting with the tunnel lining segments; and a second sleeve, which is separately disposed from the first sleeve and is used to connect with the first sleeve.

[0012] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, one end of the first sleeve has a first edge, and the other end has a second edge; the shape of the first edge fits the shape of the tube sheet, and the shape of the second edge fits the shape of the second sleeve.

[0013] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the first edge is saddle-shaped to fit the inner arc surface of the tube; the second edge is circular to fit the edge of the second sleeve.

[0014] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the outer periphery of the first sleeve has a first rib; and / or the outer periphery of the second sleeve has a second rib.

[0015] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are detachably connected to each other.

[0016] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are welded together.

[0017] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are connected to each other by fasteners.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the first sleeve has a first folded edge; the second sleeve has a second folded edge; the first sleeve and the second sleeve are connected by the first folded edge and the second folded edge.

[0019] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, a first through hole is provided on the first folded edge; a second through hole is provided on the second folded edge; and a fastener passes through the first through hole and the second through hole to connect the first sleeve and the second sleeve to each other.

[0020] In any of the above technical solutions of this utility model, the length of the first sleeve is less than the length of the second sleeve; and / or the volume of the first sleeve is less than the volume of the second sleeve; and / or the weight of the first sleeve is less than the weight of the second sleeve.

[0021] Beneficial effects This invention provides a starting sleeve for bypass tunnel excavation, comprising a first sleeve and a second sleeve. The first sleeve is used to connect to the tunnel lining segments, while the second sleeve is separately configured and used to connect to the first sleeve. This invention designs the starting sleeve as two separate parts. Compared to a one-piece starting sleeve, the first sleeve is significantly lighter than the entire starting sleeve. Therefore, during construction, the first sleeve can be welded to the tunnel lining segments used for bypass tunnel excavation first. After the connection and fixation are completed, the second sleeve is then connected to the first sleeve, so that the second sleeve and the first sleeve, as a whole, are connected and fixed to the tunnel lining segments used for bypass tunnel excavation. Because the first sleeve is lighter, welding it is easier and construction is more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A perspective view of the starting sleeve provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the disassembly of the starting sleeve provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 The starting sleeve edge provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 2 Side view along direction A, and along Figure 2 Front view in direction B; Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first sleeve of the starting sleeve provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5 A perspective view of the second sleeve of the starting sleeve provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of a tube segment used in conjunction with the launching sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: First sleeve: 110; First edge: 111; Second edge: 112; First rib: 113; First folded edge: 114; First through hole: 115; Second sleeve: 120; Second rib: 122; Second folded edge: 123; Second through hole: 124; Segment: 200. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] This invention provides a starting sleeve for bypass tunnel excavation. In the construction of tunnels (such as subway tunnels, water supply and drainage systems, etc.), the construction of bypass tunnels is frequently involved; for example, connecting passages in subway networks are typical bypass tunnels. If a bypass tunnel is to be constructed within a tunnel, holes need to be drilled in the tunnel lining segments at the location of the bypass tunnel. Further excavation along these holes will then form the bypass tunnel.

[0026] Typically, for example, the bypass passage of a subway connecting passage extends horizontally. In this case, it is only necessary to lay special cuttable segments at the location where the connecting passage needs to be opened, fix the starting sleeve on the cuttable segments, and allow the main machine of the tunneling equipment to cut through the cuttable part of the cuttable segment through the starting sleeve, thus opening up the main tunnel and the bypass passage.

[0027] However, due to the complex and varied tunnel construction environment, the excavation direction of the side passage is not always horizontal. For example, in some scenarios, it may be necessary to excavate the side passage vertically upwards, vertically downwards, or along an inclined, non-horizontal direction.

[0028] In the aforementioned scenarios, the installation and fixing of the launching sleeve presents different technical challenges compared to horizontal bypass tunneling. Specifically, the launching sleeve and the cuttable segment need to be connected by welding. During horizontal bypass tunneling, the central axis of the launching sleeve and the central axis of the cuttable segment are essentially parallel in the horizontal direction. The self-weight pressure that the cuttable segment needs to withstand from the launching sleeve is very limited; therefore, welding the launching sleeve is relatively easy, and the self-weight pressure of the launching sleeve does not affect the welding process. However, this is not the case for non-horizontal bypass tunnels.

[0029] Taking a bypass channel with a vertical upward orientation as an example, the starting sleeve is hoisted or initially fixed onto the cuttable segment. Besides the fact that welders need to spend long periods with their heads tilted upwards and arms raised, resulting in limited visibility and reduced hand stability, and that the molten metal pool formed by the high temperature during welding is difficult to stably adhere to the base material under gravity, the weight of the starting sleeve also increases the difficulty of the welding process. The starting sleeve requires stronger clamps or jigs for hoisting, positioning, and temporary fixing. Due to its large weight and volume, the starting sleeve is prone to slight displacement during welding due to its own weight or thermal deformation, leading to misalignment, incomplete fusion, or even joint tearing. Its own weight also exacerbates stress-induced sagging deformation, often requiring complex process control such as preheating, segmented welding, and anti-deformation design to ensure weld quality. The same principle applies to bypass channels with a vertical downward orientation or an inclined orientation. The starting sleeve faces the problem of being difficult to pre-fix precisely, and is prone to movement and misalignment.

[0030] Therefore, when tunneling in non-horizontal directions (e.g., vertically upward, inclined upward, vertically downward, inclined downward), how to reduce the welding difficulty of the starting sleeve and ensure its welding stability is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0031] Therefore, this utility model provides a starting sleeve for bypass tunnel excavation, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the launching sleeve includes a first sleeve 110 and a second sleeve 120. The second sleeve 120 is separately disposed from the first sleeve 110. The first sleeve 110 is used to connect with the tube segment 200, while the second sleeve 120 is used to connect with the first sleeve 110.

[0032] In other words, this utility model designs the existing one-piece sleeve as at least two separate parts. The first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 are manufactured separately. The first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 can be detachably connected to each other, such as by anchoring; or they can be non-detachably connected, such as by welding.

[0033] To achieve the connection and fit between the two, the shapes and dimensions of the first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 need to match each other. Preferably, at least a portion of the first sleeve 110 and at least a portion of the second sleeve 120 each have a cylindrical structure for connection and fit, and for the main unit of the tunneling equipment to pass through.

[0034] Figure 6 The cuttable segment 200, used for bypass construction, has a non-cuttable perimeter and a cuttable central circular area. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the cuttable segment 200 used for the side tunnel construction is part of the entire annular segment assembly. As a special perforated segment, it is assembled from six structural blocks. The notches of the six blocks are joined to form a circular cuttable area for the tunneling equipment to drill, creating a side tunnel that penetrates the main tunnel. The segment 200 is shaped like an arc plate to conform to the shape of the tunnel wall.

[0035] The non-machinable portion can employ a pure steel box frame structure, a reinforced steel cage frame structure, a steel plate frame structure, or a steel cavity frame structure. Concrete can be poured and filled into the non-machinable portion to ensure sufficient strength for the segment 200, and the concrete-filled segment 200 facilitates splicing and connection with adjacent segments. For the steel box structure, concrete pouring may not be necessary, or only partial concrete pouring may be required, as the steel box structure itself possesses sufficient strength and rigidity. The shape and size of the machinable portion can be selected and adjusted according to the size and shape of the bypass channel. For example, the machinable portion can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, rectangular-like with rounded corners, polygonal, etc. To facilitate cutting and drilling of the segments, the frame structure of the machinable portion is made of machinable fibers. Compared to the steel frame in the non-machinable portion, machinable fibers have lower strength and hardness, making them easier to cut. Preferably, the material of the machinable fibers is at least one or a combination of glass fiber, basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and metal fiber. The steel frame and the machinable fibers are intertwined to connect and fix them, forming an integral frame. The skeleton structure is fed into the mold and poured with concrete to form the segment 200. The first sleeve 110 can then be connected to the segment 200 along the outer periphery of the cuttable portion.

[0036] The first sleeve 110 and the segment 200 are connected to each other by welding. Before performing the welding process, the first sleeve 110 and the segment 200 can be pre-connected by fasteners such as bolts, and then welding can be performed.

[0037] This invention designs the launching sleeve as two separate parts. Compared to a one-piece launching sleeve, the first sleeve 110 is significantly lighter than the entire launching sleeve. Therefore, during construction, the first sleeve 110 can be welded to the tunnel segment 200 used for bypass tunnel excavation first. After the two are connected and fixed, the second sleeve 120 is then connected to the first sleeve 110, so that the second sleeve 120 and the first sleeve 110, as a whole launching sleeve, are connected and fixed to the tunnel segment 200 used for bypass tunnel excavation. Because the first sleeve 110 is lighter, welding it is easier and construction is more convenient.

[0038] Preferably, the length of the first sleeve 110 is less than the length of the second sleeve 120; and / or the volume of the first sleeve 110 is less than the volume of the second sleeve 120; and / or the weight of the first sleeve 110 is less than the weight of the second sleeve 120.

[0039] For example, the length of the first sleeve 110 can be one-quarter to one-half the length of the second sleeve 120. More preferably, the length of the first sleeve 110 can be one-third the length of the second sleeve 120.

[0040] By designing the starting sleeve as a separate first sleeve 110 and second sleeve 120, individual welding between the first sleeve 110 and the segment 200 can be achieved. The significantly lighter first sleeve 110 is less prone to thermal deformation and slight displacement during welding, and is less likely to cause problems such as misalignment, incomplete fusion, or even joint tearing. Therefore, its welding difficulty is significantly reduced, and complex process control such as preheating, segmented welding, and anti-deformation design is not required.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, one end of the first sleeve 110 has a first edge 111, and the opposite end has a second edge 112; the shape of the first edge 111 fits the shape of the tube 200, and the shape of the second edge 112 fits the shape of the second sleeve 120.

[0042] Specifically, taking an upward-excavated side passage as an example, the first edge 111 is the upper edge of the first sleeve 110, and the second edge 112 is the lower edge of the first sleeve 110. Taking a downward-excavated side passage as an example, the first edge 111 is the lower edge of the first sleeve 110, and the second edge 112 is the upper edge of the first sleeve 110. The same principle applies to side passages that are inclined upwards or downwards.

[0043] The shape of the first edge 111 conforms to the shape of the tube segment 200 so that the first sleeve 110 can be tightly connected to the tube segment 200. The shape of the second edge 112 conforms to the shape of the second sleeve 120 so that the first sleeve 110 can be tightly connected to the second sleeve 120. This ensures the connection strength between the launching sleeve and the tube segment 200, and also ensures the strength and stability of the launching sleeve itself.

[0044] Preferably, the first edge 111 is saddle-shaped to fit the inner arc surface of the tube 200; the second edge 112 is circular to fit the edge of the second sleeve 120. The saddle-shaped first edge 111 can fit against the arc-shaped tube 200, making welding easier. Correspondingly, the second edge 112 is circular to fit against the edge of the cylindrical second sleeve 120.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, preferably, the outer periphery of the first sleeve 110 has a first rib 113; and / or the outer periphery of the second sleeve 120 has a second rib 122. The first rib 113 and the second rib 122 can be multiple annular ribs continuously surrounding the launching sleeve, or multiple longitudinal ribs extending along the longitudinal direction of the launching sleeve, or a grid of ribs intersecting horizontally and vertically on the surface of the launching sleeve. The first rib 113 and the second rib 122 are used to enhance the structural strength of the launching sleeve. The number of the first rib 113 and the spacing between the second ribs 122 can be selected and adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the strength requirements of the launching sleeve.

[0046] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, preferably, the first sleeve 110 has a first folded edge 114; the second sleeve 120 has a second folded edge 123; the first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 are connected by the first folded edge 114 and the second folded edge 123. By aligning the first folded edge 114 and the second folded edge 123, the second sleeve 120 can be quickly and accurately positioned relative to the first sleeve 110, ensuring that after they are connected, their central axes coincide, the force is even, and the connection is stable.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, more preferably, the first folded edge 114 is provided with distributed first through holes 115; the second folded edge 123 is provided with distributed second through holes 124; the fastener passes through the first through holes 115 and the second through holes 124 to connect the first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 to each other.

[0048] For example, the fastener can be a stud or a rivet. The number of first through holes 115 and second through holes 124 are the same, their positions are opposite, and they are distributed along the periphery of the first fold 114 and the periphery of the second fold 123, respectively.

[0049] By using fasteners to pass through the first through hole 115 and the second through hole 124, the first sleeve 110 and the second sleeve 120 can be quickly connected. This method can also be used as a means of pre-connecting the two before welding them to ensure that the welding process proceeds smoothly.

[0050] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A launch casing for bypass tunneling, characterized by, The launching sleeve includes: The first sleeve (110) is used to connect with the segment (200); The second sleeve (120) is separately disposed from the first sleeve (110) and is used to connect with the first sleeve (110); the first sleeve (110) and the second sleeve (120) are welded to each other; the weight of the first sleeve (110) is less than the weight of the second sleeve (120); The first sleeve (110) has a first folded edge (114); the second sleeve (120) has a second folded edge (123); the first folded edge (114) has a first through hole (115) arranged in a dispersed manner; the second folded edge (123) has a second through hole (124) arranged in a dispersed manner; the fastener passes through the first through hole (115) and the second through hole (124) to connect the first sleeve (110) and the second sleeve (120) to each other.

2. The originating sleeve of claim 1, wherein, The first sleeve (110) has a first edge (111) at one end and a second edge (112) at the other end; the shape of the first edge (111) fits the shape of the tube segment (200), and the shape of the second edge (112) fits the shape of the second sleeve (120).

3. The originating sleeve of claim 2, wherein, The first edge (111) is saddle-shaped to fit the inner arc surface of the tube (200); the second edge (112) is circular to fit the edge of the second sleeve (120).

4. The launching sleeve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the first sleeve (110) has a first rib (113); and / or The outer periphery of the second sleeve (120) has a second rib (122).

5. The launching sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first sleeve (110) and the second sleeve (120) are detachably connected to each other.

6. The launching sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first sleeve (110) and the second sleeve (120) are connected to each other by fasteners.

7. The launching sleeve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The length of the first sleeve (110) is less than the length of the second sleeve (120); and / or the volume of the first sleeve (110) is less than the volume of the second sleeve (120).

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