A long and large double-hole tunnel multi-channel coordinated and efficient ventilation system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to long big double -cave tunnel ventilation technical field, concretely relates to a long big double -cave tunnel multi -passage coordination high -efficient ventilation system, including air inlet lane, air return lane, air inlet unit and air return unit, one hole in double -cave tunnel is as air inlet lane, another hole is as air return lane, and air return lane intercommunication exhaust shaft, the air inlet end of air inlet unit is located in air inlet lane, and the air outlet end of air inlet unit is divided into two ways, one way is towards the face of the front end of air inlet lane, and the other way is towards the face of the front end of air return lane after passing through ventilation horizontal passageway, air return unit is divided into two air flows, and the first air flow flows into exhaust shaft from the face of air return lane, and the second air flow passes through ventilation horizontal passageway and converges with the first air flow from the face of air inlet lane, the present application can maximize ventilation energy, effectively improve ventilation quality, can solve the problem that the long big double -cave tunnel ventilation effect is poor, and ventilation efficiency is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ventilation technology for long double-tunnel tunnels, specifically relating to a multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for long double-tunnel tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the rapid development of transportation, the construction of long tunnels, including highways, railways, and underwater tunnels, is increasing. Long tunnels have long construction cycles, harsh working environments, and long unidirectional excavation times. Traditional highway twin-tube tunnel construction often uses forced ventilation, which has drawbacks such as long construction cycles and low efficiency. Although continuous ventilation can maintain a suitable working environment to some extent, as the tunnel length increases, harmful gases and dust are difficult to quickly dissipate and dilute, and the ambient temperature is difficult to effectively reduce. Simply extending auxiliary ventilation time or using manual control methods is insufficient to solve the problem of pollutant and heat accumulation. Therefore, flexibly adjusting ventilation methods according to the construction progress has become a key direction for improving ventilation effects in the construction of long twin-tube tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve the problems of poor ventilation effect and low ventilation efficiency in existing long double-tunnel ventilation systems.

[0004] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long double-tunnel, including an intake airway, a return airway, an intake unit, and a return air unit; one tunnel in the double-tunnel serves as the intake airway and the other tunnel serves as the return airway, with the return airway connected to the exhaust shaft; the transverse passage between the intake airway and the return airway that is closest to the tunnel face serves as the ventilation transverse passage, and the remaining transverse passages are closed transverse passages; The air intake end of the air intake unit is located in the air intake tunnel, and the air outlet end of the air intake unit is divided into two paths: one path faces the working face at the front end of the air intake tunnel, and the other path passes through the ventilation cross passage and faces the working face at the front end of the return air tunnel. The return air unit is divided into two airflows. The first airflow flows into the exhaust shaft from the working face of the return airway, and the second airflow flows through the ventilation cross passage from the working face of the intake airway and merges with the first airflow.

[0005] Furthermore, a relay air supply unit is arranged at the air intake end of the air intake unit in the air intake tunnel.

[0006] Furthermore, the air intake unit includes a first air intake fan and a second air intake fan. The air outlet of the first air intake fan is connected to the air intake end of the first air duct, and the air outlet end of the first air duct extends toward the working face of the air intake tunnel. The outlet of the second air intake fan is connected to the inlet of the second air duct. After the second air duct enters the return airway through the ventilation cross passage, its outlet extends towards the working face of the return airway.

[0007] Furthermore, the return air unit includes a first exhaust fan, a second exhaust fan, a third exhaust fan, a first blower, and a second blower; The first exhaust fan is located between the working face of the intake airway and the ventilation cross passage; The second exhaust fan is located between the working face of the return airway and the ventilation cross passage. The third exhaust fan is located between the ventilation cross passage and the exhaust shaft; The first blower is located in the ventilation cross passage, and the second blower is located in the return air passage at the entrance of the exhaust shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the relay air supply unit includes a third air inlet fan, the air outlet of which is connected to the air inlet of the third air duct, and the air outlet of the third air duct is located in front of the air inlets of the first and second air inlets fan.

[0009] Furthermore, a first air door is installed in front of the ventilation cross passage in the intake airway to seal its cross section.

[0010] Furthermore, the first damper includes a frame consisting of lateral and longitudinal supports and baffles attached to the frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust shaft can be a vertical shaft or an inclined shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the minimum distance between the first and second air intake fans and the working face of the air intake tunnel is 200m, and the maximum distance is 1500m; The distance from the outlet of the first air duct to the working face of the intake airway is 10-15m; The distance from the outlet of the second air duct to the working face of the return airway is 10-15m.

[0013] Furthermore, the minimum distance from the ventilation cross passage to the working face of the intake airway is greater than or equal to 150m.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: This utility model provides a multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for long, twin-tunnel tunnels. It features separate intake and return airways, separate intake and return air units, additional blower units, a first air door in the intake airway, and the sealing of existing cross passages. In the intake airway, the incoming airflow remains clean. Utilizing vertical or inclined shafts as the end of the return airway shortens the distance and time pollutants travel in the tunnel's return airway, significantly reducing energy consumption. It also reduces accidents and losses caused by adverse construction environments during tunnel construction, ensuring the safety of workers. Furthermore, the ventilation circulation lowers the tunnel temperature, providing a more comfortable working environment for workers, improving construction efficiency, and indirectly saving costs. This system solves the problems of poor ventilation and low efficiency in existing twin-tunnel highways. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel as described in Example 1. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel as described in Example 2. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first air damper.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-Return airway face; 2-Intake airway face; 3-Inclined shaft; 4-Intake airway; 5-First air sluice; 6-First air door; 6.1-Transverse support; 6.2-Longitudinal support; 6.3-Baffle; 7-First intake fan; 8-Third air sluice; 9-Third intake fan; 10-Enclosed transverse passage; 11-Second intake fan; 12-First blower; 13-Second air sluice; 14-Second blower; 15-Vertical shaft; 16-Return airway; 17-Second exhaust fan; 18-Ventilation transverse passage; 19-First exhaust fan; 20-Second air door; 21-Third exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown: A multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long twin-tunnel includes an intake airway 4, a return airway 16, an intake unit, and a return air unit; one tunnel in the twin-tunnel serves as the intake airway 4, and the other tunnel serves as the return airway 16. The return airway 16 is connected to an exhaust shaft, which in this embodiment is a vertical shaft 15; the transverse passage between the intake airway 4 and the return airway 16 that is closest to the tunnel face serves as a ventilation transverse passage 18, and the remaining transverse passages are closed transverse passages 10. The air intake end of the air intake unit is located in the air intake lane 4. The air outlet end of the air intake unit is divided into two paths: one path faces the working face at the front end of the air intake lane 4, and the other path passes through the ventilation cross passage 18 and faces the working face at the front end of the return air lane 16. The return air unit is divided into two airflows. The first airflow flows into the exhaust shaft from the working face of the return airway 16, and the second airflow flows from the working face of the intake airway 4 through the ventilation cross passage 18 and merges with the first airflow.

[0019] The air intake unit includes a first air intake fan 7 and a second air intake fan 11. The air outlet of the first air intake fan 7 is connected to the air intake end of the first air duct 5. The air outlet of the first air duct 5 extends toward the working face of the air intake tunnel 4. The first air intake fan 7 delivers fresh air into the working face 2 of the air intake tunnel through the first air duct 5. The air outlet of the second air intake fan 11 is connected to the air intake end of the second air duct 13. The second air duct 13 enters the return air tunnel 16 through the ventilation cross passage 18 and then extends its air outlet toward the working face of the return air tunnel 16. The second air intake fan 11 delivers fresh air into the working face 1 of the return air tunnel through the second air duct 13.

[0020] The return air unit includes a first exhaust fan 19, a second exhaust fan 17, a third exhaust fan 21, a first blower 12, and a second blower 14. The first exhaust fan 19 is located between the working face of the intake airway 4 and the ventilation cross passage 18. The second exhaust fan 17 is located between the working face of the return airway 16 and the ventilation cross passage 18, and the distance from the second exhaust fan 17 to the working face of the return airway 1 is 120~150m. The third exhaust fan 21 is located between the ventilation cross passage 18 and the exhaust shaft, and the distance from the third exhaust fan 21 to the ventilation cross passage 18 is 30~50m. The first blower 12 is located inside the ventilation cross passage 18, and the distance from the first blower 12 to the intersection of the ventilation cross passage 18 and the intake airway 4 is 2m. The second blower 14 is located inside the return airway 16 opposite the entrance of the vertical shaft 15.

[0021] The first exhaust fan 19 draws out the polluted air from near the working face 2 of the intake airway. The first blower 12 in the ventilation cross passage 18 sends the polluted air into the return airway 16. The second exhaust fan 17 draws out the polluted air from near the working face 1 of the return airway. The third exhaust fan 21 blows the polluted air sent by the first blower 12 and the polluted air sent by the second exhaust fan 17 toward the vertical shaft 15. The polluted air flows in the return airway 16 and is sent to the vertical shaft 15 by the second blower 14.

[0022] As tunnel excavation progresses, the first ventilation belt 5 and the second ventilation belt 13 extend towards the tunnel face. The outlet of the first ventilation belt 5 maintains a distance of 10-15 meters from the tunnel face 2 of the intake airway; the outlet of the second ventilation belt 13 maintains a distance of 10-15 meters from the tunnel face 1 of the return airway. The minimum distance between the first intake fan 7 and the second intake fan 11 and the tunnel face is 200 meters. When the maximum distance exceeds 1500 meters, they need to be moved towards the tunnel face.

[0023] As tunnel excavation progresses, to ensure fresh airflow at the intake fans, a relay air supply unit is installed at the intake end of the intake unit within intake tunnel 4. This relay air supply unit includes a third intake fan 9, whose outlet is connected to the intake end of a third air duct 8. The outlet of the third air duct 8 is located before the intakes of the first and second intake fans 7 and 11. Fresh airflow is delivered to the first and second intake fans via the third air duct 8.

[0024] As tunnel excavation progresses, the positions of the first exhaust fan 19 and the second exhaust fan 17 shift, maintaining a distance of 120-150m from the tunnel face. As excavation continues, the position of the ventilation cross passage 18, which serves as the ventilation duct, changes. The original ventilation cross passage 18 is blocked by the second air door 20 and converted into a closed cross passage 10. The new, completed cross passage closest to the tunnel face becomes the ventilation cross passage 18. The minimum distance from the ventilation cross passage 18 to the tunnel face of the intake airway 4 is greater than or equal to 150m.

[0025] As tunnel excavation progresses, to ensure the rapid discharge of polluted air between the return airway 16 and the vertical shaft 15, an exhaust fan can be added between the third exhaust fan 21 and the second blower 14 in the return airway 16. At the same time, to accelerate the discharge of polluted air from the vertical shaft 15, an exhaust fan can be added to the vertical shaft 15 to speed up airflow circulation. By utilizing the vertical shaft 15 as the rear end of the return airway 16, the distance for extracting polluted air is shortened, and ventilation efficiency is improved.

[0026] To prevent polluted air from the intake airway 4 from disrupting the fresh airflow of the intake air unit when blown by the first blower 12 to the return airway 16, a first air damper 6 is installed in front of the ventilation cross passage 18 in the intake airway 4 to seal its cross section. The first air duct 5 and the second air duct 13 pass through the window on the first air damper 6. To prevent polluted air from the return airway 16 from entering the intake airway 4 through the completed cross passage and disrupting the fresh airflow of the intake air unit, both ends of the completed cross passage are sealed with second air dampers 20. Through temporary sealing, the airflow stability of the intake airway 4 and the return airway 16 is ensured, and the ventilation circulation utilization rate is improved.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown: The first air damper 6 includes a frame consisting of a horizontal support 6.1 and a longitudinal support 6.2 and a baffle 6.3 attached to the frame. The baffle 6.3 is made of flame-retardant material and prevents airflow.

[0028] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the exhaust shaft in this embodiment is an inclined shaft 3; the second blower 14 is located at the entrance of the inclined shaft 3.

[0029] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel, characterized in that: It includes an intake airway (4), a return airway (16), an intake air unit, and a return air unit; one of the two tunnels serves as the intake airway (4) and the other as the return airway (16), with the return airway (16) connected to the exhaust shaft; the cross passage between the intake airway (4) and the return airway (16) closest to the working face serves as the ventilation cross passage (18), and the remaining cross passages are closed cross passages (10); The air intake end of the air intake unit is located in the air intake lane (4). The air outlet end of the air intake unit is divided into two paths: one path faces the working face at the front end of the air intake lane (4), and the other path passes through the ventilation cross passage (18) and faces the working face at the front end of the return air lane (16). The return air unit is divided into two air flows. The first air flow flows into the exhaust shaft from the working face of the return air tunnel (16), and the second air flow flows through the ventilation cross passage (18) from the working face of the intake air tunnel (4) and merges with the first air flow.

2. The long, twin-tunnel, multi-channel, coordinated, high-efficiency ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake lane (4) has a relay air supply unit arranged at the air intake end of the air intake unit.

3. The long, twin-tunnel, multi-channel, coordinated, high-efficiency ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air intake unit includes a first air intake fan (7) and a second air intake fan (11). The air outlet of the first air intake fan (7) is connected to the air intake end of the first air belt (5), and the air outlet of the first air belt (5) extends toward the working face of the air intake tunnel (4). The outlet of the second air intake fan (11) is connected to the air intake end of the second air belt (13). The second air belt (13) enters the return airway (16) through the ventilation cross passage (18) and then the air outlet extends to the working face of the return airway (16).

4. The long, twin-tunnel, multi-channel, coordinated, high-efficiency ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The return air unit includes a first exhaust fan (19), a second exhaust fan (17), a third exhaust fan (21), a first blower (12), and a second blower (14). The first exhaust fan (19) is located between the working face of the intake airway (4) and the ventilation cross passage (18); The second exhaust fan (17) is located between the working face of the return airway (16) and the ventilation cross passage (18); The third exhaust fan (21) is arranged between the ventilation cross passage (18) and the exhaust shaft; The first blower (12) is located in the ventilation cross passage (18), and the second blower (14) is located in the return air passage (16) at the entrance of the exhaust shaft.

5. The multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long twin-tunnel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The relay air supply unit includes a third air inlet fan (9), the air outlet of the third air inlet fan (9) is connected to the air inlet end of the third air belt (8), and the air outlet end of the third air belt (8) is located in front of the air inlets of the first air inlet fan (7) and the second air inlet fan (11).

6. A multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The air intake tunnel (4) has a first air door (6) in front of the ventilation cross passage (18) to seal its cross section.

7. The multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first damper (6) includes a frame consisting of a transverse support (6.1) and a longitudinal support (6.2) and a baffle (6.3) attached to the frame.

8. The multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust shaft is either a vertical shaft (15) or an inclined shaft (3).

9. The multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long twin-tunnel as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the first air intake fan (7) and the second air intake fan (11) and the working face of the air intake tunnel (4) is 200m and the maximum distance is 1500m; The distance from the outlet end of the first wind belt (5) to the working face of the intake airway (4) is 10~15m; The distance from the outlet of the second wind belt (13) to the working face of the return airway (16) is 10~15m.

10. The multi-channel coordinated high-efficiency ventilation system for a long, twin-tunnel tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the ventilation cross passage (18) and the working face of the intake airway (4) is greater than or equal to 150m.

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