Exhaust pipe and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of exhaust systems, in particular to an exhaust pipe and a vehicle. The exhaust pipe comprises a sound wave collecting pipeline, a sound diaphragm, a sleeve and a pickup. The sound wave collecting pipeline is used for passing exhaust gas and collecting sound waves, a plurality of round holes are arranged on the pipeline wall of the sound wave collecting pipeline; the sound diaphragm can isolate the exhaust gas in the sound wave collecting pipeline from entering the sleeve; the sound diaphragm can isolate the high-temperature exhaust gas and the particulate matter from erosion, and improve the working stability and service life of the pickup. The sleeve is fixedly installed at the round holes of the circumferential wall of the sound wave collecting pipeline; the sound diaphragm is encapsulated at the round holes of the sound wave collecting pipeline, and the sound diaphragm is used for transmitting the sound waves in the sound wave collecting pipeline to the inside of the sleeve. The design of the plurality of round holes of the pipeline wall of the sound wave collecting pipeline can collect sound wave signals at different positions in multiple directions, the high-sensitivity vibration transmission characteristic of the sound diaphragm can capture the noise spectrum in the exhaust pipe, and data basis is provided for the subsequent active noise reduction algorithm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of exhaust system technology, and more particularly to an exhaust pipe and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The acoustic performance of an internal combustion engine exhaust system affects the overall driving experience and environmental adaptability of a vehicle. The muffler is the core component of this system, and its function is to reduce the noise generated during vehicle exhaust, ensuring that the vehicle meets noise emission standards and improving ride comfort. With the technological upgrades and diversified market demands in the automotive industry, vehicle configurations are continuously optimized, and vehicle chassis layouts face new adjustment requirements. The acoustic design of the exhaust system needs to cope with more complex application scenarios.

[0003] Existing noise reduction technologies mainly rely on traditional silencers, which consist of various noise reduction units such as expansion chambers and resonant cavities, composed of pipes, baffles, and other components. When sound waves pass through these units, sound energy is dissipated through reflection and interference. At the same time, sound-absorbing materials placed around the pipes further absorb sound energy, achieving a noise reduction effect through passive protection.

[0004] The noise reduction capability of traditional silencers is positively correlated with their own volume, and there is an upper limit to the noise reduction efficiency within a certain volume range. The effect cannot be improved by infinitely expanding the volume. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application addresses, to at least some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, this application aims to provide an exhaust pipe and a vehicle.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides an exhaust pipe, comprising: A sound wave collecting pipe is provided for the passage of exhaust gas to collect sound waves, and a circular hole is provided on the pipe wall of the sound wave collecting pipe. A sleeve, one end of which is fixedly installed at a circular hole on the outer peripheral wall of the acoustic wave collecting pipe; A diaphragm is encapsulated in the circular hole of the sound wave collecting pipe. The diaphragm is used to transmit the sound waves in the sound wave collecting pipe to the inside of the sleeve, while preventing the exhaust gas in the sound wave collecting pipe from entering the sleeve. A microphone is disposed inside the sleeve and is used to collect sound wave signals within the sound wave collection pipe. A loudspeaker, which is electrically connected to the pickup via a control module.

[0008] In this technical solution, the multiple circular holes in the wall of the sound wave collection pipe enable multi-directional acquisition of sound wave signals from different circumferential positions. Combined with the high-sensitivity vibration transmission characteristics of the acoustic diaphragm, it can capture the noise spectrum within the exhaust pipe. The speaker and pickup are connected to the control module, which controls the speaker to emit sound. The sound collected by the pickup provides raw data for active noise reduction or sound enhancement. The acoustic diaphragm isolates the pickup from the erosion of high-temperature exhaust gases and particulate matter, reducing heat-induced aging and improving the pickup's operational stability and lifespan. The sleeve and protective shell form a double protective cavity, attenuating external interference and ensuring stable signal acquisition performance. The overall modular integrated structure reduces installation space requirements, adapts to the compact layout needs of different vehicle chassis, and can be flexibly adjusted according to different engine parameters, providing hardware support for intelligent noise reduction and sound quality control of the exhaust system.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, multiple circular holes are provided and spaced apart circumferentially along the sound wave collecting pipeline, and the axis of the sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the sound wave collecting pipeline, for collecting sound waves at different circumferential positions within the sound wave collecting pipeline.

[0010] In this technical solution, acquisition points are set at different locations on the outer circumferential wall of the pipeline to capture sound wave signals from different circumferential positions. This avoids the problem of missing local sound wave information caused by single-point acquisition and ensures complete acquisition of the complex sound field inside the exhaust pipe. Axial spacing allows for the acquisition of sound pressure variation characteristics at different angles, providing data support for subsequent sound wave signal analysis. The vertical structure ensures that the sound wave transmission path is orthogonal to the exhaust gas flow direction, reducing sound signal interference. This arrangement can adapt to the exhaust flow characteristics under different engine operating conditions, where the exhaust gas forms a laminar or turbulent flow state within the pipeline. It can stably acquire the sound wave spectrum characteristics of various circumferential regions, enhancing the robustness of sound signal acquisition.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, one end of the microphone is fixed inside the sleeve, and the other end of the microphone is connected to a connecting wire that passes through the sleeve.

[0012] In this technical solution, the sound-collecting end of the microphone is located inside the cavity of the sleeve, while the extension end of the microphone, which connects to the outside, extends outside the sleeve. Alternatively, one end of the microphone is equipped with a connecting wire that extends outside the sleeve. This ensures that the microphone body is protected from direct contact with high-temperature exhaust gases, while allowing for reliable connection to external circuits or control modules via the extension end or wire. Furthermore, the length of the extension end can be adjusted according to the actual installation space and connection requirements, improving the system's adaptability and flexibility.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, multiple circular holes are provided, and multiple microphones corresponding to the circular holes are connected in parallel via connecting lines and led out via a connector.

[0014] In this technical solution, the parallel connection method enables synchronous acquisition and transmission of signals from multiple microphones, ensuring consistent acquisition time for acoustic signals from each channel and providing reliable data for subsequent multi-source data fusion analysis. The plug-in lead-out structure simplifies wiring complexity, reduces the number of line interfaces, lowers the risk of wiring connection errors during installation, and improves assembly efficiency. The centralized signal lead-out scheme optimizes the wiring harness layout, avoids electromagnetic interference superposition caused by scattered wiring, and enhances the anti-interference capability of signal transmission.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, a protective shell is also included, which covers the outside of the microphone and the sleeve to protect the microphone.

[0016] The technical solution creates a closed, protective space to isolate dust, moisture, and oil from the external environment, preventing them from corroding the microphone's sensitivity and the sleeve connection structure, thus ensuring stable operation of the acoustic acquisition components under complex conditions. The protective shell's covering design optimizes the overall layout of the acoustic components, creating a modular structure between the microphone and the sleeve, facilitating installation, positioning, and subsequent maintenance and replacement. It also enhances the structural strength of this area, preventing deformation of the sleeve under high temperature and pressure, and ensuring the stability of the acoustic acquisition path. This protective design can also withstand the high-temperature environment inside the engine compartment, preventing microphone performance degradation due to excessive temperature and extending the component's lifespan.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the acoustic diaphragm is a thin metal sheet to improve high temperature and corrosion resistance and reduce sound wave transmission attenuation.

[0018] In this technical solution, the high-temperature resistance of the metal diaphragm maintains structural stability in the high-temperature environment of the exhaust system, preventing changes in sound wave transmission characteristics due to thermal deformation and ensuring consistent acoustic performance over long-term use. The corrosion resistance of the metal material resists the erosion of acidic and alkaline components in the exhaust gas, extending the diaphragm's lifespan and reducing maintenance and replacement frequency. The rigidity of the metal sheet reduces energy loss during sound wave transmission, improves the fidelity of the sound signal, and makes the sound wave data collected by the microphone closer to the original acoustic characteristics.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the acoustic wave collecting pipe is disposed at the tailpipe of the exhaust system, and the inner wall roughness Ra of the acoustic wave collecting pipe is ≤0.8μm.

[0020] In this technical solution, the tailpipe is the primary source of exhaust sound. Its placement allows for direct acquisition of raw acoustic signals from the exhaust gas flow, avoiding the reflection and scattering caused by the complex pipe structure, thus providing a reliable data source for acoustic feature analysis. High-precision inner wall roughness control reduces sound wave reflection loss at the pipe wall and minimizes sound energy attenuation caused by turbulent boundary layers, maintaining good sound wave transmission efficiency and improving the integrity of broadband signal acquisition. The tailpipe's location facilitates integrated installation of the pipework and exhaust system, shortening the sound wave transmission path.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the loudspeaker is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the sound wave collecting pipe for emitting reverse sound to muffle noise, or for emitting compensating sound to enhance sound waves.

[0022] In this technical solution, the piping structure provides a rigid mounting base for the loudspeaker, reducing vibration energy loss, ensuring acoustic output efficiency, and preventing performance degradation caused by direct airflow impact. The outer wall design facilitates the integration of waterproof and high-temperature resistant protective structures, adapting to the complex operating conditions of the exhaust system and extending the loudspeaker's lifespan.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the loudspeaker is provided with an annular clamp, which is fitted onto the sound wave collecting pipe.

[0024] In this technical solution, the ring clamp achieves a rigid connection between the speaker and the sound wave collection pipeline through its wrap-around structure, ensuring efficient transmission of acoustic vibration energy and improving the response accuracy of active noise cancellation or sound modulation. The clamp-on installation method allows for rapid speaker positioning and installation, simplifying the assembly process, while also allowing for fine-tuning of the position along the pipeline axis to adapt to the acoustic layout requirements of different vehicle models.

[0025] In a second aspect, this application provides a vehicle comprising: a frame and an exhaust pipe as described in the first aspect, the exhaust pipe being disposed on the frame.

[0026] In this technical solution, the chassis provides a rigid mounting base for the exhaust pipe. By optimizing the pipe routing and mounting point layout, the transmission of exhaust system vibrations to the vehicle body can be reduced, minimizing NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) issues and improving ride comfort. Integrating the exhaust pipe into the chassis utilizes chassis space, shortens the exhaust path, and improves engine power performance and fuel economy. The rigid connection between the exhaust pipe and the chassis enhances the exhaust system's impact resistance, preventing pipe deformation or breakage due to bumps during vehicle operation and improving overall vehicle structural safety.

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the exhaust pipe in this application; Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe of this application; Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of the exhaust pipe of this application; Figure 4 This is an internal sectional view of the exhaust pipe of this application.

[0029] In the above figures: 1. Sound wave collection pipeline; 11. Round hole; 2. Sleeve; 3. Pickup unit; 4. Protective casing; 5. Acoustic diaphragm; 6. Connecting cable; 7. Connectors; 8. Speaker; 81. Ring clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0031] The present application will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments. It should be noted that the acoustic performance of the internal combustion engine exhaust system directly affects the overall NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) quality and environmental adaptability of the vehicle. As a core component, the muffler achieves noise reduction and improves ride comfort through a resistive-resistive composite structure design. With the accelerated electrification transformation of the automotive industry, the power coupling characteristics of hybrid vehicles place higher demands on the exhaust system: it must be compatible with suppressing high-frequency knock noise from the internal combustion engine while also meeting the active control requirements for low-frequency whine from the electric motor. The compact layout of the chassis space is driving the development of lightweight and integrated mufflers. Intelligent muffler systems, through diaphragm arrays and microphones, collect the noise spectrum in real time and dynamically adjust the back pressure in conjunction with the exhaust gas recirculation system, achieving noise reduction under different operating conditions and addressing acoustic scenarios such as urban congestion and high-speed cruising.

[0032] Current noise reduction technologies primarily rely on traditional silencers, which typically consist of a series of silencing units comprised of pipes, baffles, and porous structures. These units include expansion chambers, resonant cavities, and micro-perforated plates. When sound waves pass through these structures, they undergo multiple reflections, scattering, and interference phenomena, causing the sound energy to gradually attenuate during propagation due to phase cancellation and energy dissipation. Simultaneously, the pipe walls and the area surrounding the silencing units are often wrapped with sound-absorbing materials such as glass wool, rock wool, or polyester fibers. These materials convert sound energy into heat energy through friction and viscosity, further absorbing noise. The entire noise reduction process does not depend on external energy input; noise control is achieved through the passive effects of acoustic structural design and material properties, classifying it as a passive noise reduction technology.

[0033] The noise reduction capability of traditional mufflers is positively correlated with their volume, and there is an upper limit to their noise reduction efficiency within a certain volume range; the effect cannot be improved by infinitely increasing the volume. Active noise reduction technology works by emitting sound waves with the opposite phase to the original noise to cancel it out. However, in exhaust systems, this technology requires a microphone at the tailpipe. The continuously flowing high-temperature exhaust gas in the tailpipe directly affects the microphone. This high-temperature environment not only severely affects the microphone's signal acquisition accuracy and operational stability but also accelerates the aging and damage of the microphone components, making long-term reliable operation difficult and limiting the application of active noise reduction technology in exhaust systems.

[0034] Based on this, this application proposes an exhaust pipe and vehicle. By setting an array of circular holes and a sleeve encapsulating a diaphragm on the sound wave collection pipe of the exhaust tailpipe, a microphone is configured inside the sleeve to collect sound wave signals from different positions, and a loudspeaker is installed on the outer periphery of the pipe to emit sound. This can achieve the effect of reducing exhaust noise or amplifying dynamic sound waves, solving the problems of traditional mufflers' noise reduction efficiency being limited by volume, their inability to actively modulate sound waves, and the exhaust acoustic design problems caused by the limited chassis space of hybrid vehicles.

[0035] In the following, embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] As attached Figures 1 to 4 The first aspect of this application provides an exhaust pipe, including a sound wave collecting pipe 1, a diaphragm 5, and a pickup 3. The sound wave collecting pipe 1 allows exhaust gas to pass through and collects sound waves. The pipe wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1 has multiple circular holes 11. The diaphragm 5 can prevent exhaust gas in the sound wave collecting pipe 1 from entering the sleeve 2. The diaphragm 5 can also prevent high-temperature exhaust gas and particulate matter from corroding the pipe, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the pickup 3.

[0037] In some embodiments, the sleeve 2 is fixedly installed at the circular hole 11 on the outer peripheral wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1; the acoustic diaphragm 5 is encapsulated at the circular hole 11 of the sound wave collecting pipe 1, and the acoustic diaphragm 5 is used to transmit the sound waves in the sound wave collecting pipe 1 to the inside of the sleeve 2. The design of multiple circular holes 11 on the pipe wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1 can collect sound wave signals from different circumferential positions in multiple directions. Combined with the high-sensitivity vibration transmission characteristics of the acoustic diaphragm 5, the noise spectrum inside the exhaust pipe can be captured, providing raw data for subsequent active noise reduction algorithms.

[0038] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe includes a sleeve 2 and a protective shell 4. A microphone 3 is disposed within the sleeve 2 and is used to collect sound wave signals within the sound wave collection pipe 1. The protective shell 4 covers the outside of the microphone 3 and the sleeve 2. The sleeve 2 and the protective shell 4 form a protective cavity, which can attenuate external electromagnetic interference and mechanical vibration, ensuring that the microphone 3 maintains stable signal acquisition performance. The overall modular integrated structure reduces installation space occupation, adapts to the compact layout requirements of hybrid vehicle chassis, and can be flexibly adjusted according to different engine parameters, providing hardware support for intelligent noise reduction and sound quality control of the exhaust system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the protective housing 4 adopts a split structure, including an annular structure and a protective cover. The annular structure is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 2 and fixed to the outer wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1. The protective cover is fixed to the sound wave collecting pipe 1 through the annular structure, covering the microphone 3 and the exposed parts of the sleeve 2. An inspection window can be designed on the protective cover. The inspection window is sealed with a transparent high-temperature resistant material, allowing observation of the appearance of the microphone 3 without disassembling the protective cover. The split structure facilitates individual replacement of the protective cover, and the transparent inspection window enables visual inspection, reducing unnecessary disassembly and assembly operations and lowering maintenance costs.

[0040] In some embodiments, the acoustic wave collection pipe 1 can be designed as a bent structure with a rounded transition at the bend, adapting to the complex spatial layout of the vehicle chassis. When the longitudinal space of the chassis is limited, the bent structure can extend the pipe laterally or obliquely, avoiding interference with the battery pack, suspension components, etc. The acoustic wave collection pipe 1 can also be designed as a segmented structure, with each segment detachably connected by flanges. A round hole 11 is opened in the middle section of the pipe wall for installing the sleeve 2. Each segment can be flexibly replaced according to the exhaust path length of different vehicle models.

[0041] The above-described design, with its curved, rounded transition, not only avoids interference with chassis components but also optimizes the flow of exhaust gas within the pipe. Compared to right-angle bends, the rounded transition reduces localized noise generated by exhaust turbulence, resulting in a more uniform sound field within the pipe and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the microphone 3. The detachable flange connection allows for individual replacement of damaged sections during vehicle maintenance. In the event of collision-induced deformation of the rear pipe section, it is not necessary to replace the entire exhaust pipe, reducing after-sales maintenance costs.

[0042] In some embodiments, multiple circular holes 11 are provided and spaced circumferentially along the sound wave collecting pipe 1 to collect sound waves at different circumferential positions within the sound wave collecting pipe 1. By setting collection points at different locations on the outer circumferential wall of the pipe, sound wave signals at different circumferential positions are captured, avoiding the problem of missing local sound wave information caused by single-point collection and ensuring complete acquisition of the complex sound field within the exhaust pipe. The array layout can acquire sound pressure change characteristics at different angles, providing data support for subsequent sound wave signal analysis. This arrangement can adapt to the exhaust flow characteristics under different engine operating conditions, where the exhaust gas forms a laminar or turbulent state within the pipe, enabling stable acquisition of sound wave spectrum characteristics in various circumferential regions and enhancing the robustness of sound signal acquisition.

[0043] In some embodiments, the axis of the sleeve 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the sound wave collecting pipe 1. The vertical structure makes the sound wave transmission path orthogonal to the exhaust gas flow direction, reducing the interference of sound signals.

[0044] In some embodiments, one end of the microphone 3 extends out of the sleeve 2, and the microphone 3 is connected to the control module via a connecting wire 6. Alternatively, the other end of the microphone 3 is connected to a connecting wire 6, which extends out of the sleeve and connects to the control module. This ensures that the main body of the microphone 3 is protected, preventing direct contact with high-temperature exhaust gases, while also enabling a reliable connection to external circuits or the control module through the extended end. Furthermore, the length of the extended end can be adjusted according to the actual installation space and connection requirements, improving the system's adaptability and flexibility.

[0045] In some embodiments, one end of the microphone 3 is mounted in the cavity of the sleeve 2 via an adjustable bracket. The bracket includes a fixed base and a movable arm. The fixed base is fixed to the inner wall of the closed end of the sleeve 2, and one end of the movable arm is connected to the fixed base via a rotating shaft, while the other end is fixed to the microphone 3. An elongated adjustment hole is provided on the movable arm. A fastening bolt passes through the adjustment hole and connects to the fixed base. When the bolt is loosened, the orientation of the microphone 3 can be adjusted by rotating the movable arm. After adjustment, the bolt is tightened to secure it. The adjustable structure solves the limitation of the fixed orientation of the microphone 3, and can specifically adjust the acquisition angle of the microphone 3 according to the sound field distribution in the exhaust pipe of different vehicle models, improving the acquisition efficiency of the sound wave signal. The elongated adjustment hole enables fine-tuning, ensuring that the microphone 3 can be aligned with the sound wave transmission area of ​​the diaphragm 5.

[0046] Through the above solution, the rotating shaft of the movable arm adopts a high-temperature resistant bearing to ensure that it can still rotate flexibly after long-term use and avoid the shaft jamming due to high temperature. The design of the elongated adjustment hole supports fine-tuning of the angle and compensates for installation errors. When there is a deviation in the welding of the sleeve 2, the position of the microphone 3 can be corrected by adjusting the bracket to ensure that it is aligned with the center of the diaphragm 5, reducing the decrease in acquisition efficiency caused by installation deviation. By changing the buckle at the end of the movable arm, different models of microphones 3 can be fixed without modifying the main body of the bracket, improving the compatibility of the technical solution with microphone 3 upgrades.

[0047] In some embodiments, multiple microphones 3 are connected in parallel via connecting lines 6 and led out through a connector 7. This parallel connection enables synchronous acquisition and transmission of signals from multiple microphones 3, ensuring consistent acquisition time for acoustic signals from each channel and providing reliable data for subsequent multi-source data fusion analysis. The connector 7 simplifies wiring complexity, reduces the number of line interfaces, lowers the risk of wiring errors during installation, and improves assembly efficiency. The centralized signal lead-out scheme optimizes the wiring harness layout, avoids electromagnetic interference superposition caused by scattered wiring, and enhances the anti-interference capability of signal transmission. The modular connection design also facilitates later maintenance and replacement; the microphone 3 assembly can be quickly disassembled via connector 7, reducing maintenance time. The overall solution, while ensuring reliable signal transmission, achieves lightweight structure and compact space, adapting to the limited installation space of the vehicle chassis, and providing strong support for the integration and standardization of exhaust system acoustic testing modules.

[0048] In some embodiments, the protective shell 4 covers the outside of the microphone 3 and the sleeve 2. By forming a closed protective space, it isolates dust, moisture, and oil from the external environment, preventing them from corroding the sensitivity of the microphone 3 and the connection structure of the sleeve 2, and ensuring the stable operation of the acoustic acquisition components under complex working conditions. The covering design of the protective shell 4 optimizes the overall layout of the acoustic components, making the microphone 3 and the sleeve 2 form a modular structure, which facilitates installation, positioning, and subsequent maintenance and replacement. At the same time, it enhances the structural strength of this area, preventing the sleeve 2 from deforming under high temperature and high pressure environments, and ensuring the stability of the acoustic acquisition path.

[0049] In some embodiments, an external control module electrically connected to the connector 7 can process the signals acquired by the microphone 3. The standardized interface design between the control module and the connector 7 ensures the stability and anti-interference capability of signal transmission, while reserving interfaces for functional expansion to facilitate the integration of additional sensors.

[0050] In some embodiments, the acoustic diaphragm 5 is a thin metal sheet to improve high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, and to reduce sound wave transmission attenuation. The metal diaphragm can be made of stainless steel, whose high-temperature resistance allows it to maintain structural stability in the high-temperature environment of the exhaust system, preventing changes in sound wave transmission characteristics due to thermal deformation and ensuring consistent acoustic performance over long-term use. The corrosion resistance of the metal material can resist the erosion of acid and alkali components in the exhaust gas, extending the diaphragm's service life and reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement. The rigidity of the metal sheet reduces energy loss during sound wave transmission, improves the fidelity of the sound signal, and makes the sound wave data collected by the microphone 3 closer to the original acoustic characteristics.

[0051] In some embodiments, the tailpipe is the main source of exhaust sound. The sound wave collection pipe 1 is set at the tailpipe of the exhaust system to directly collect the sound wave signal in the exhaust airflow. The tailpipe setting can directly collect the original sound wave signal in the exhaust airflow, avoiding the reflection and scattering of sound waves by the complex structure of the pipe, and providing a real data source for acoustic feature analysis.

[0052] In some embodiments, the inner wall roughness Ra of the acoustic wave collecting pipe 1 is ≤0.8μm to reduce the reflection and attenuation of acoustic waves on the pipe wall. High-precision inner wall roughness control reduces the reflection loss of acoustic waves on the pipe wall, reduces acoustic energy attenuation caused by the turbulent boundary layer, maintains good transmission efficiency of acoustic waves, and improves the integrity of broadband signal acquisition. The arrangement of the tailpipe facilitates the integrated installation of the pipe and exhaust system, shortening the acoustic wave transmission path.

[0053] In some embodiments, the speaker 8 is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1. The speaker 8 is electrically connected to the control module, and the microphone 3 is electrically connected to the control module via the connecting line 6. The control module receives the sound wave signal collected by the microphone 3 in real time, performs rapid analysis based on a preset active noise reduction algorithm or enhancement algorithm, generates the phase and amplitude parameters of the reverse or same-direction sound waves, and drives the speaker 8 to perform output. The control module can also dynamically switch modes according to vehicle operating conditions, such as prioritizing noise reduction to reduce low-frequency howling during urban congestion, and selectively amplifying specific frequency sound waves during high-speed cruising to improve the driving experience. This design realizes acoustic control of the exhaust system, solves the performance limitations of traditional passive noise reduction technology, and adapts to the space constraints of different vehicle models. The pipe structure provides a rigid mounting base for the speaker 8, reduces vibration energy loss, ensures acoustic output efficiency, and avoids performance degradation of the speaker 8 due to direct airflow impact. The outer peripheral wall arrangement facilitates the integration of waterproof and high-temperature resistant protective structures, adapts to the complex operating conditions of the exhaust system, and extends the service life of the speaker 8.

[0054] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 8 is a piezoelectric loudspeaker 8, which is directly attached to the outer wall of the sound wave collecting pipe 1 and generates vibration through the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric loudspeaker 8 has a compact structure, fast response, and good high-temperature resistance, making it suitable for the high-temperature environment of the exhaust system.

[0055] In some embodiments, the speaker 8 is provided with an annular clamp 81, which is fitted onto the sound wave collecting pipe 1. The annular clamp 81 achieves a rigid connection between the speaker 8 and the sound wave collecting pipe 1 through its encircling structure, ensuring efficient transmission of acoustic vibration energy and improving the response accuracy of active noise cancellation or sound modulation. The clamp fitting method allows for quick positioning and installation of the speaker 8, simplifying the assembly process, while allowing for fine-tuning of its position along the pipe axis to adapt to the acoustic layout requirements of different vehicle models. The metal clamp has excellent high-temperature resistance and vibration resistance, maintaining connection stability under complex exhaust system conditions and avoiding acoustic performance degradation caused by thermal expansion or vibration loosening. This design can also optimize the coupling stiffness between the speaker 8 and the pipe by adjusting the clamp clamping force, suppressing resonant frequency shift, ensuring consistent acoustic performance over a wide temperature range, and providing reliable mechanical support for exhaust sound quality control.

[0056] In some embodiments, when the vehicle detects that the current operating condition requires a reduction in exhaust noise, the exhaust pipe enters a muffler operation state. At this time, the exhaust gas in the sound wave collection pipe 1 flows smoothly, and the metal acoustic diaphragm 5 at the circular hole 11 in the pipe wall transmits the exhaust noise in the pipe to the pickup 3 in the sleeve 2. The collected sound wave signal is transmitted to the control module via the parallel connection line 6 and the connector 7. The control module combines real-time vehicle speed and engine speed data to analyze the frequency, amplitude, and phase characteristics of the noise, and generates a reverse waveform signal with the same frequency, equal amplitude, and opposite phase as the original noise. The waveform is then associated with and stored in relation to the current operating condition. When the vehicle enters the same operating condition again, the control module directly calls the pre-stored reverse waveform and emits sound directionally through the speaker 8. The reverse sound wave and the original noise interfere with each other and cancel each other out in the pipe, ultimately reducing exhaust noise and meeting the requirements for low-noise driving. At the same time, it avoids the problem of incomplete silencing caused by the limited volume of traditional mufflers.

[0057] In some embodiments, when the vehicle detects a demand for a dynamic exhaust sound, the exhaust pipe enters a sound compensation state. The microphone 3 continues to collect the original exhaust sound within the sound wave collection pipe 1. After the signal is transmitted to the control module via connector 7, the control module calls a pre-stored dynamic sound spectrum library to extract the target sound parameters that match the current operating condition. The control module generates a compensation waveform that matches the characteristics of the original sound, and then transmits the compensation waveform signal to the speaker 8. The compensation sound and the original sound naturally superimpose in the exhaust path, forming a distinct dynamic exhaust sound.

[0058] Secondly, this application provides a vehicle including a frame and an exhaust pipe as described in the first aspect, the exhaust pipe being mounted on the frame. The frame provides a rigid mounting base for the exhaust pipe, and by optimizing the pipe routing and mounting point layout, the transmission of exhaust system vibration to the vehicle body can be reduced, NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) problems can be reduced, and ride comfort can be improved. Integrating the exhaust pipe into the frame can utilize the vehicle chassis space, shorten the exhaust path, and improve engine power performance and fuel economy. The rigid connection between the exhaust pipe and the frame can enhance the impact resistance of the exhaust system, prevent pipe deformation or breakage due to bumps during vehicle operation, and improve the overall vehicle structural safety.

[0059] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An exhaust pipe characterized by, include: A sound wave collecting pipe (1) is provided for the passage of exhaust gas, and a circular hole (11) is provided on the pipe wall of the sound wave collecting pipe (1). A sleeve (2), one end of which is fixedly installed at the circular hole (11) on the outer peripheral wall of the sound wave collecting pipe (1); Acoustic diaphragm (5), the acoustic diaphragm (5) is encapsulated in the circular hole (11) of the acoustic wave collecting pipe (1), the acoustic diaphragm (5) is used to transmit the acoustic waves in the acoustic wave collecting pipe (1) to the inside of the sleeve (2), and at the same time isolate the exhaust gas in the acoustic wave collecting pipe (1) from entering the sleeve (2). A microphone (3) is disposed inside the sleeve (2) and is used to collect sound wave signals in the sound wave collection pipe (1). The speaker (8) is electrically connected to the pickup (3) via a control module.

2. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized by Multiple circular holes (11) are provided and are spaced apart along the circumference of the sound wave collecting pipe (1). The axis of the sleeve (2) is perpendicular to the axis of the sound wave collecting pipe (1) and is used to collect sound waves at different circumferential positions inside the sound wave collecting pipe (1).

3. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized by One end of the pickup (3) is fixed inside the sleeve (2), and the other end of the pickup (3) is connected to a connecting wire (6), which passes through the sleeve (2).

4. The exhaust pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circular hole (11) is provided in multiple ways. The multiple microphones (3) provided in the circular hole (11) are connected in parallel through the connecting line (6) and led out through a connector (7).

5. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective shell (4), which covers the outside of the pickup (3) and the sleeve (2) to protect the pickup (3).

6. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic diaphragm (5) is a thin metal sheet.

7. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acoustic wave collecting pipe (1) is installed at the tailpipe of the exhaust system, and the inner wall roughness Ra of the acoustic wave collecting pipe (1) is ≤0.8μm.

8. The exhaust pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loudspeaker (8) is disposed on the outer peripheral wall of the sound wave collecting pipe (1) and is used to emit reverse sound to mute, or to emit compensating sound to enhance the sound wave.

9. The exhaust pipe according to claim 8, characterized in that, The loudspeaker (8) is provided with an annular clamp (81), which is fitted onto the sound wave collecting pipe (1).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a frame and an exhaust pipe as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the exhaust pipe being disposed on the frame.

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